






'''simple docstring'''







import dataclasses
import json
import sys
import types
from argparse import ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter, ArgumentParser, ArgumentTypeError
from copy import copy
from enum import Enum
from inspect import isclass
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Iterable, List, Literal, NewType, Optional, Tuple, Union, get_type_hints

import yaml


UpperCamelCase    :      Optional[Any]  			=		NewType('DataClass', Any)
UpperCamelCase    :      Dict  			=		NewType('DataClassType', Any)
def 						A__			(				__lowerCAmelCase						):
						if isinstance(__lowerCAmelCase   ,    __lowerCAmelCase						):
												return v
						if v.lower() in ("yes", "true", "t", "y", "1"):
												return True
						elif v.lower() in ("no", "false", "f", "n", "0"):
												return False
						else:
												raise ArgumentTypeError(
												    F'''Truthy value expected: got {v} but expected one of yes/no, true/false, t/f, y/n, 1/0 (case insensitive).'''						)
def 						A__			(				__lowerCAmelCase						):
						lowerCamelCase__         =  {str(__lowerCAmelCase						): choice for choice in choices}
						return lambda __lowerCAmelCase						: str_to_choice.get(__lowerCAmelCase   ,    __lowerCAmelCase						)
def 						A__			(				*,
    __lowerCAmelCase = None   ,    __lowerCAmelCase = None   ,    __lowerCAmelCase = dataclasses.MISSING   ,    __lowerCAmelCase = dataclasses.MISSING   ,    __lowerCAmelCase = None   ,    **__lowerCAmelCase   ,    ):
						if metadata is None:
												# Important, don't use as default param in function signature because dict is mutable and shared across function calls
												lowerCamelCase__         =  {}
						if aliases is not None:
												lowerCamelCase__         =  aliases
						if help is not None:
												lowerCamelCase__         =  help

						return dataclasses.field(metadata=__lowerCAmelCase   ,    default=__lowerCAmelCase   ,    default_factory=__lowerCAmelCase   ,    **__lowerCAmelCase						)





class 		UpperCamelCase__    (a			):




		'''simple docstring'''





		_UpperCamelCase				  =					42






		def __init__(      self   ,_lowerCAmelCase   ,**_lowerCAmelCase       ):
								# To make the default appear when using --help
								if "formatter_class" not in kwargs:
														lowerCamelCase__         =  ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter
								super().__init__(**_lowerCAmelCase       )
								if dataclasses.is_dataclass(_lowerCAmelCase       ):
														lowerCamelCase__         =  [dataclass_types]
								lowerCamelCase__         =  list(_lowerCAmelCase       )
								for dtype in self.dataclass_types:
														self._add_dataclass_arguments(_lowerCAmelCase       )






		@staticmethod
		def 			UpperCamelCase_					(      _lowerCAmelCase   ,_lowerCAmelCase       ):
								lowerCamelCase__         =  F'''--{field.name}'''
								lowerCamelCase__         =  field.metadata.copy()
								# field.metadata is not used at all by Data Classes,
								# it is provided as a third-party extension mechanism.
								if isinstance(field.type   ,_lowerCAmelCase       ):
														raise RuntimeError(
														    """Unresolved type detected, which should have been done with the help of """
														    """`typing.get_type_hints` method by default"""       )

								lowerCamelCase__         =  kwargs.pop("""aliases"""   ,[]       )
								if isinstance(_lowerCAmelCase   ,_lowerCAmelCase       ):
														lowerCamelCase__         =  [aliases]

								lowerCamelCase__         =  getattr(field.type   ,"""__origin__"""   ,field.type       )
								if origin_type is Union or (hasattr(_lowerCAmelCase   ,"""UnionType"""       ) and isinstance(_lowerCAmelCase   ,types.UnionType       )):
														if str not in field.type.__args__ and (
														    len(field.type.__args__       ) != 2 or type(_lowerCAmelCase       ) not in field.type.__args__
														):
																				raise ValueError(
																				    """Only `Union[X, NoneType]` (i.e., `Optional[X]`) is allowed for `Union` because"""
																				    """ the argument parser only supports one type per argument."""
																				    F''' Problem encountered in field \'{field.name}\'.'''       )
														if type(_lowerCAmelCase       ) not in field.type.__args__:
																				# filter `str` in Union
																				lowerCamelCase__         =  field.type.__args__[0] if field.type.__args__[1] == str else field.type.__args__[1]
																				lowerCamelCase__         =  getattr(field.type   ,"""__origin__"""   ,field.type       )
														elif bool not in field.type.__args__:
																				# filter `NoneType` in Union (except for `Union[bool, NoneType]`)
																				lowerCamelCase__         =  (
																				    field.type.__args__[0] if isinstance(_lowerCAmelCase   ,field.type.__args__[1]       ) else field.type.__args__[1]
																				)
																				lowerCamelCase__         =  getattr(field.type   ,"""__origin__"""   ,field.type       )

        # A variable to store kwargs for a boolean field, if needed
        # so that we can init a `no_*` complement argument (see below)
								lowerCamelCase__         =  {}
								if origin_type is Literal or (isinstance(field.type   ,_lowerCAmelCase       ) and issubclass(field.type   ,_lowerCAmelCase       )):
														if origin_type is Literal:
																				lowerCamelCase__         =  field.type.__args__
														else:
																				lowerCamelCase__         =  [x.value for x in field.type]

														lowerCamelCase__         =  make_choice_type_function(kwargs["""choices"""]       )

														if field.default is not dataclasses.MISSING:
																				lowerCamelCase__         =  field.default
														else:
																				lowerCamelCase__         =  True
								elif field.type is bool or field.type == Optional[bool]:
														# Copy the currect kwargs to use to instantiate a `no_*` complement argument below.
														# We do not initialize it here because the `no_*` alternative must be instantiated after the real argument
														lowerCamelCase__         =  copy(_lowerCAmelCase       )

														# Hack because type=bool in argparse does not behave as we want.
														lowerCamelCase__         =  string_to_bool
														if field.type is bool or (field.default is not None and field.default is not dataclasses.MISSING):
																				# Default value is False if we have no default when of type bool.
																				lowerCamelCase__         =  False if field.default is dataclasses.MISSING else field.default
																				# This is the value that will get picked if we don't include --field_name in any way
																				lowerCamelCase__         =  default
																				# This tells argparse we accept 0 or 1 value after --field_name
																				lowerCamelCase__         =  """?"""
																				# This is the value that will get picked if we do --field_name (without value)
																				lowerCamelCase__         =  True
								elif isclass(_lowerCAmelCase       ) and issubclass(_lowerCAmelCase   ,_lowerCAmelCase       ):
														lowerCamelCase__         =  field.type.__args__[0]
														lowerCamelCase__         =  """+"""
														if field.default_factory is not dataclasses.MISSING:
																				lowerCamelCase__         =  field.default_factory()
														elif field.default is dataclasses.MISSING:
																				lowerCamelCase__         =  True
								else:
														lowerCamelCase__         =  field.type
														if field.default is not dataclasses.MISSING:
																				lowerCamelCase__         =  field.default
														elif field.default_factory is not dataclasses.MISSING:
																				lowerCamelCase__         =  field.default_factory()
														else:
																				lowerCamelCase__         =  True
								parser.add_argument(_lowerCAmelCase   ,*_lowerCAmelCase   ,**_lowerCAmelCase       )

								# Add a complement `no_*` argument for a boolean field AFTER the initial field has already been added.
								# Order is important for arguments with the same destination!
								# We use a copy of earlier kwargs because the original kwargs have changed a lot before reaching down
								# here and we do not need those changes/additional keys.
								if field.default is True and (field.type is bool or field.type == Optional[bool]):
														lowerCamelCase__         =  False
														parser.add_argument(F'''--no_{field.name}'''   ,action="""store_false"""   ,dest=field.name   ,**_lowerCAmelCase       )






		def 			UpperCamelCase_					(      self   ,_lowerCAmelCase       ):
								if hasattr(_lowerCAmelCase   ,"""_argument_group_name"""       ):
														lowerCamelCase__         =  self.add_argument_group(dtype._argument_group_name       )
								else:
														lowerCamelCase__         =  self

								try:
														lowerCamelCase__         =  get_type_hints(_lowerCAmelCase       )
								except NameError:
														raise RuntimeError(
														    F'''Type resolution failed for {dtype}. Try declaring the class in global scope or '''
														    """removing line of `from __future__ import annotations` which opts in Postponed """
														    """Evaluation of Annotations (PEP 563)"""       )
								except TypeError as ex:
														# Remove this block when we drop Python 3.9 support
														if sys.version_info[:2] < (3, 10) and "unsupported operand type(s) for |" in str(_lowerCAmelCase       ):
																				lowerCamelCase__         =  """.""".join(map(_lowerCAmelCase   ,sys.version_info[:3]       )       )
																				raise RuntimeError(
																				    F'''Type resolution failed for {dtype} on Python {python_version}. Try removing '''
																				    """line of `from __future__ import annotations` which opts in union types as """
																				    """`X | Y` (PEP 604) via Postponed Evaluation of Annotations (PEP 563). To """
																				    """support Python versions that lower than 3.10, you need to use """
																				    """`typing.Union[X, Y]` instead of `X | Y` and `typing.Optional[X]` instead of """
																				    """`X | None`."""       ) from ex
														raise

								for field in dataclasses.fields(_lowerCAmelCase       ):
														if not field.init:
																				continue
														lowerCamelCase__         =  type_hints[field.name]
														self._parse_dataclass_field(_lowerCAmelCase   ,_lowerCAmelCase       )






		def 			UpperCamelCase_					(      self   ,_lowerCAmelCase=None   ,_lowerCAmelCase=False   ,_lowerCAmelCase=True   ,_lowerCAmelCase=None   ,_lowerCAmelCase=None   ,):

								if args_file_flag or args_filename or (look_for_args_file and len(sys.argv       )):
														lowerCamelCase__         =  []

														if args_filename:
																				args_files.append(Path(_lowerCAmelCase       )       )
														elif look_for_args_file and len(sys.argv       ):
																				args_files.append(Path(sys.argv[0]       ).with_suffix(""".args"""       )       )

														# args files specified via command line flag should overwrite default args files so we add them last
														if args_file_flag:
																				# Create special parser just to extract the args_file_flag values
																				lowerCamelCase__         =  ArgumentParser()
																				args_file_parser.add_argument(_lowerCAmelCase   ,type=_lowerCAmelCase   ,action="""append"""       )

																				# Use only remaining args for further parsing (remove the args_file_flag)
																				lowerCamelCase__       ,			lowerCamelCase__         =  args_file_parser.parse_known_args(args=_lowerCAmelCase       )
																				lowerCamelCase__         =  vars(_lowerCAmelCase       ).get(args_file_flag.lstrip("""-"""       )   ,_lowerCAmelCase       )

																				if cmd_args_file_paths:
																										args_files.extend([Path(_lowerCAmelCase       ) for p in cmd_args_file_paths]       )

														lowerCamelCase__         =  []
														for args_file in args_files:
																				if args_file.exists():
																										file_args += args_file.read_text().split()

            # in case of duplicate arguments the last one has precedence
            # args specified via the command line should overwrite args from files, so we add them last
														lowerCamelCase__         =  file_args + args if args is not None else file_args + sys.argv[1:]
								lowerCamelCase__       ,			lowerCamelCase__         =  self.parse_known_args(args=_lowerCAmelCase       )
								lowerCamelCase__         =  []
								for dtype in self.dataclass_types:
														lowerCamelCase__         =  {f.name for f in dataclasses.fields(_lowerCAmelCase       ) if f.init}
														lowerCamelCase__         =  {k: v for k, v in vars(_lowerCAmelCase       ).items() if k in keys}
														for k in keys:
																				delattr(_lowerCAmelCase   ,_lowerCAmelCase       )
														lowerCamelCase__         =  dtype(**_lowerCAmelCase       )
														outputs.append(_lowerCAmelCase       )
								if len(namespace.__dict__       ) > 0:
														# additional namespace.
														outputs.append(_lowerCAmelCase       )
								if return_remaining_strings:
														return (*outputs, remaining_args)
								else:
														if remaining_args:
																				raise ValueError(F'''Some specified arguments are not used by the HfArgumentParser: {remaining_args}'''       )

														return (*outputs,)






		def 			UpperCamelCase_					(      self   ,_lowerCAmelCase   ,_lowerCAmelCase = False       ):
								lowerCamelCase__         =  set(args.keys()       )
								lowerCamelCase__         =  []
								for dtype in self.dataclass_types:
														lowerCamelCase__         =  {f.name for f in dataclasses.fields(_lowerCAmelCase       ) if f.init}
														lowerCamelCase__         =  {k: v for k, v in args.items() if k in keys}
														unused_keys.difference_update(inputs.keys()       )
														lowerCamelCase__         =  dtype(**_lowerCAmelCase       )
														outputs.append(_lowerCAmelCase       )
								if not allow_extra_keys and unused_keys:
														raise ValueError(F'''Some keys are not used by the HfArgumentParser: {sorted(_lowerCAmelCase       )}'''       )
								return tuple(_lowerCAmelCase       )






		def 			UpperCamelCase_					(      self   ,_lowerCAmelCase   ,_lowerCAmelCase = False       ):
								with open(Path(_lowerCAmelCase       )   ,encoding="""utf-8"""       ) as open_json_file:
														lowerCamelCase__         =  json.loads(open_json_file.read()       )
								lowerCamelCase__         =  self.parse_dict(_lowerCAmelCase   ,allow_extra_keys=_lowerCAmelCase       )
								return tuple(_lowerCAmelCase       )






		def 			UpperCamelCase_					(      self   ,_lowerCAmelCase   ,_lowerCAmelCase = False       ):
								lowerCamelCase__         =  self.parse_dict(yaml.safe_load(Path(_lowerCAmelCase       ).read_text()       )   ,allow_extra_keys=_lowerCAmelCase       )
								return tuple(_lowerCAmelCase       )









'''simple docstring'''







UpperCamelCase    :      Tuple  			=		[sum(int(c, 10) ** 2 for c in i.__str__()) for i in range(10_00_00)]
def 						A__			(				__lowerCAmelCase		:			int						):
						lowerCamelCase__         =  0
						while number:
												# Increased Speed Slightly by checking every 5 digits together.
												sum_of_digits_squared += DIGITS_SQUARED[number % 10_0000]
												number //= 10_0000

						return sum_of_digits_squared


# There are 2 Chains made,
# One ends with 89 with the chain member 58 being the one which when declared first,
# there will be the least number of iterations for all the members to be checked.

# The other one ends with 1 and has only one element 1.

# So 58 and 1 are chosen to be declared at the starting.

# Changed dictionary to an array to quicken the solution
UpperCamelCase    :      list[bool | None]  			=		[None] * 10_00_00_00
UpperCamelCase    :      Tuple  			=		True
UpperCamelCase    :      Optional[int]  			=		False
def 						A__			(				__lowerCAmelCase		:			int						):

						if CHAINS[number - 1] is not None:
												return CHAINS[number - 1]  # type: ignore

						lowerCamelCase__         =  chain(next_number(__lowerCAmelCase						)						)
						lowerCamelCase__         =  number_chain

						while number < 1000_0000:
												lowerCamelCase__         =  number_chain
												number *= 10

						return number_chain
def 						A__			(				__lowerCAmelCase		:			int = 1000_0000						):
						for i in range(1   ,    __lowerCAmelCase						):
												if CHAINS[i] is None:
																		chain(i + 1						)

						return CHAINS[:number].count(__lowerCAmelCase						)


if __name__ == "__main__":
							import doctest

							doctest.testmod()
							print(F'{solution() = }')

