text: While many apps include built-in options to report bugs or request features, users still provide an increasing amount of feedback via social media, like Twitter. Compared to traditional issue trackers, the reporting process in social media is unstructured and the feedback often lacks basic context information, such as the app version or the device concerned when experiencing the issue. To make this feedback actionable to developers, support teams engage in recurring, effortful conversations with app users to clarify missing context items. This paper introduces a simple approach that accurately extracts basic context information from unstructured, informal user feedback on mobile apps, including the platform, device, app version, and system version. Evaluated against a truthset of 3014 tweets from official Twitter support accounts of the 3 popular apps Netflix, Snapchat, and Spotify, our approach achieved precisions from 81 to 99 and recalls from 86 to 98 for the different context item types. Combined with a chatbot that automatically requests missing context items from reporting users, our approach aims at auto-populating issue trackers with structured bug reports.
  @cite_35: Twitter messages (tweets) contain important information for software and requirements evolution, such as feature requests, bug reports and feature shortcoming descriptions. For this reason, Twitter is an important source for crowd-based requirements engineering and software evolution. However, a manual analysis of this information is unfeasible due to the large number of tweets, its unstructured nature and varying quality. Therefore, automatic analysis techniques are needed for, e.g., summarizing, classifying and prioritizing tweets. In this work we present a survey with 84 software engineering practitioners and researchers that studies the tweet attributes that are most telling of tweet priority when performing software evolution tasks. We believe that our results can be used to implement mechanisms for prioritizing user feedback with social components. Thus, it can be helpful for enhancing crowd-based requirements engineering and software evolution.
  @cite_37: [Context and motivation] Research on eliciting requirements from a large number of online reviews using automated means has focused on functional aspects. Assuring the quality of an app is vital for its success. This is why user feedback concerning quality issues should be considered as well [Question problem] But to what extent do online reviews of apps address quality characteristics? And how much potential is there to extract such knowledge through automation? [Principal ideas results] By tagging online reviews, we found that users mainly write about "usability" and "reliability", but the majority of statements are on a subcharacteristic level, most notably regarding "operability", "adaptability", "fault tolerance", and "interoperability". A set of 16 language patterns regarding "usability" correctly identified 1,528 statements from a large dataset far more efficiently than our manual analysis of a small subset. [Contribution] We found that statements can especially be derived from online reviews about qualities by which users are directly affected, although with some ambiguity. Language patterns can identify statements about qualities with high precision, though the recall is modest at this time. Nevertheless, our results have shown that online reviews are an unused Big Data source for quality requirements.
  @cite_14: Mobile application (app) stores have lowered the barriers to app market entry, leading to an accelerated and unprecedented pace of mobile software production. To survive in such a highly competitive and vibrant market, release engineering decisions should be driven by a systematic analysis of the complex interplay between the user, system, and market components of the mobile app ecosystem. To demonstrate the feasibility and value of such analysis, in this paper, we present a case study on the rise and fall of Yik Yak, one of the most popular social networking apps at its peak. In particular, we identify and analyze the design decisions that led to the downfall of Yik Yak and track rival apps' attempts to take advantage of this failure. We further perform a systematic in-depth analysis to identify the main user concerns in the domain of anonymous social networking apps and model their relations to the core features of the domain. Such a model can be utilized by app developers to devise sustainable release engineering strategies that can address urgent user concerns and maintain market viability.
  @cite_4: 
  @cite_26: Twitter is one of the most popular social networks. Previous research found that users employ Twitter to communicate about software applications via short messages, commonly referred to as tweets, and that these tweets can be useful for requirements engineering and software evolution. However, due to their large number---in the range of thousands per day for popular applications---a manual analysis is unfeasible.In this work we present ALERTme, an approach to automatically classify, group and rank tweets about software applications. We apply machine learning techniques for automatically classifying tweets requesting improvements, topic modeling for grouping semantically related tweets and a weighted function for ranking tweets according to specific attributes, such as content category, sentiment and number of retweets. We ran our approach on 68,108 collected tweets from three software applications and compared its results against software practitioners' judgement. Our results show that ALERTme is an effective approach for filtering, summarizing and ranking tweets about software applications. ALERTme enables the exploitation of Twitter as a feedback channel for information relevant to software evolution, including end-user requirements.
  @cite_21: When encountering an issue, technical users (e.g., developers) usually file the issue report to the issue tracking systems. But non-technical end-users are more likely to express their opinions on social network platforms, such as Twitter. For software systems (e.g., Firefox and Chrome) that have a high exposure to millions of non-technical end-users, it is important to monitor and solve issues observed by a large user base. The widely used micro-blogging site (i.e., Twitter) has millions of active users. Therefore, it can provide instant feedback on products to the developers. In this paper, we investigate whether social networks (i.e., Twitter) can improve the bug fixing process by analyzing the short messages posted by end-users on Twitter (i.e., tweets). We propose an approach to remove noisy tweets, and map the remaining tweets to bug reports. We conduct an empirical study to investigate the usefulness of Twitter in the bug fixing process. We choose two widely adopted browsers (i.e., Firefox and Chrome) that are also large and rapidly released software systems. We find that issue reports are not treated differently regardless whether users tweet about the issue or not, except that Firefox developers tend to label an issue as more severe if users tweet about it. The feedback from Firefox contributors confirms that the tweets are not currently leveraged in the bug fixing process, due to the challenges associated to discovering bugs through Twitter. Moreover, we observe that many issues are posted on Twitter earlier than on issue tracking systems. More specifically, at least one third of issues could have been reported to developers 8.2 days and 7.6 days earlier in Firefox and Chrome, respectively. In conclusion, tweets are useful in providing earlier acknowledgment of issues, which developers can potentially use to focus their efforts on the issues impacting a large user-base.
  @cite_1: Twitter enables large populations of end-users of software to publicly share their experiences and concerns about software systems in the form of micro-blogs. Such data can be collected and classified to help software developers infer users' needs, detect bugs in their code, and plan for future releases of their systems. However, automatically capturing, classifying, and presenting useful tweets is not a trivial task. Challenges stem from the scale of the data available, its unique format, diverse nature, and high percentage of irrelevant information and spam. Motivated by these challenges, this paper reports on a three-fold study that is aimed at leveraging Twitter as a main source of software user requirements. The main objective is to enable a responsive, interactive, and adaptive data-driven requirements engineering process. Our analysis is conducted using 4,000 tweets collected from the Twitter feeds of 10 software systems sampled from a broad range of application domains. The results reveal that around 50 of collected tweets contain useful technical information. The results also show that text classifiers such as Support Vector Machines and Naive Bayes can be very effective in capturing and categorizing technically informative tweets. Additionally, the paper describes and evaluates multiple summarization strategies for generating meaningful summaries of informative software-relevant tweets.
  @cite_43: The rise in popularity of mobile devices has led to a parallel growth in the size of the app store market, intriguing several research studies and commercial platforms on mining app stores. App store reviews are used to analyze different aspects of app development and evolution. However, app users’ feedback does not only exist on the app store. In fact, despite the large quantity of posts that are made daily on social media, the importance and value that these discussions provide remain mostly unused in the context of mobile app development. In this paper, we study how Twitter can provide complementary information to support mobile app development. By analyzing a total of 30,793 apps over a period of six weeks, we found strong correlations between the number of reviews and tweets for most apps. Moreover, through applying machine learning classifiers, topic modeling and subsequent crowd-sourcing, we successfully mined 22.4 additional feature requests and 12.89 additional bug reports from Twitter. We also found that 52.1 of all feature requests and bug reports were discussed on both tweets and reviews. In addition to finding common and unique information from Twitter and the app store, sentiment and content analysis were also performed for 70 randomly selected apps. From this, we found that tweets provided more critical and objective views on apps than reviews from the app store. These results show that app store review mining is indeed not enough; other information sources ultimately provide added value and information for app developers.
  @cite_5: The ubiquity of mobile devices has led to unprecedented growth in not only the usage of apps, but also their capacity to meet people's needs. Smart phones take on a heightened role in emergency situations, as they may suddenly be among their owner's only possessions and resources. The 2016 wildfire in Fort McMurray, Canada, intrigued us to study the functionality of the existing apps by analyzing social media information. We investigated a method to suggest features that are useful for emergency apps. Our proposed method called MAPFEAT, combines various machine learning techniques to analyze tweets in conjunction with crowdsourcing and guides an extended search in app stores to find currently missing features in emergency apps based on the needs stated in social media. MAPFEAT is evaluated by a real-world case study of the Fort McMurray wildfire, where we analyzed 69,680 unique tweets recorded over a period from May 2nd to May 7th, 2016. We found that (i) existing wildfire apps covered a range of 28 features with not all of them being considered helpful or essential, (ii) a large range of needs articulated in tweets can be mapped to features existing in non-emergency related apps, and (iii) MAPFEAT's suggested feature set is better aligned with the needs expressed by general public. Only six of the features existing in wildfire apps is among top 40 crowdsourced features explored by MAPFEAT, with the most important one just ranked 13th. By using MAPFEAT, we proactively understand victims' needs and suggest mobile software support to the people impacted. MAPFEAT looks beyond the current functionality of apps in the same domain and extracts features using variety of crowdsourced data.
summary: Research found that especially non-technical end-users are more likely to express their opinions on social networks, such as Twitter @cite_21 . Several studies have identified Twitter as an important source for crowd-based requirements engineering and software evolution @cite_43 @cite_37 @cite_4 . Similar to app reviews, tweets contain important information, such as feature requests or bug reports. By performing a survey with software engineering practitioners and researchers @cite_35 underlined the need for automatic analysis techniques to, e.g., summarize, classify, and prioritize tweets. The authors highlight that a manual analysis of the tweets is unfeasible due to its quantity, unstructured nature, and varying quality. @cite_43 found that tweets provide additional requirements-related information. Compared to app reviews, by mining tweets the authors extracted @math 22 authors have used tweets to crowdsource app features @cite_5 , to support release decisions @cite_14 , to categorize and summarize technical information included in tweets @cite_1 , or to rank the reported issues @cite_26 . These studies enforce the relevance of our approach.