text: We present and evaluate an approach for human-in-the-loop specification of shape reconstruction with annotations for basic robot-object interactions. Our method is based on the idea of model annotation: the addition of simple cues to an underlying object model to specify shape and delineate a simple task. The goal is to explore reducing the complexity of CAD-like interfaces so that novice users can quickly recover an object's shape and describe a manipulation task that is then carried out by a robot. The object modeling and interaction annotation capabilities are tested with a user study and compared against results obtained using existing approaches. The approach has been analyzed using a variety of shape comparison, grasping, and manipulation metrics, and tested with the PR2 robot platform, where it was shown to be successful.
  @cite_10: 
  @cite_102: Kinesthetic teaching is a viable solution for programming robots in the execution of new tasks thanks to the human-mediated mapping between the task objectives and the robot joint space. Redundant designs and differences from human kinematics pose challenges in the efficient execution of the teaching task. In this work we employ vibrotactile feedback letting operators understand specific kinematic constraints such as reaching joint limits and singularities. The experimentation with a Baxter robot and a four-motor vibrotactile bracelet is reported showing the effectiveness of the proposed enhancement to the kinesthetic teaching task.
  @cite_125: Kinesthetic teaching is an approach to providing demonstrations to a robot in Learning from Demonstration whereby a human physically guides a robot to perform a skill. In the common usage of kinesthetic teaching, the robot's trajectory during a demonstration is recorded from start to end. In this paper we consider an alternative, keyframe demonstrations, in which the human provides a sparse set of consecutive keyframes that can be connected to perform the skill. We present a user-study (n = 34) comparing the two approaches and highlighting their complementary nature. The study also tests and shows the potential benefits of iterative and adaptive versions of keyframe demonstrations. Finally, we introduce a hybrid method that combines trajectories and keyframes in a single demonstration.
summary: A third approach is , where an operator indicates appropriate motions by physically guiding the robot while it records the event @cite_125 . Alternatively, the robot may be guided virtually, aided with a variety of feedback options @cite_102 @cite_10 .