text: Management is a complex task in today's heterogeneous and large scale networks like Cloud, IoT, vehicular and MPLS networks. Likewise, researchers and developers envision the use of artificial intelligence techniques to create cognitive and autonomic management tools that aim better assist and enhance the management process cycle. Bandwidth allocation models (BAMs) are a resource allocation solution for networks that need to share and optimize limited resources like bandwidth, fiber or optical slots in a flexible and dynamic way. This paper proposes and evaluates the use of Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) for the cognitive management of BAM reconfiguration in MPLS networks. The results suggest that CBR learns about bandwidth request profiles (LSPs requests) associated with the current network state and is able to dynamically define or assist in BAM reconfiguration. The BAM reconfiguration approach adopted is based on switching among available BAM implementations (MAM, RDM and ATCS). The cognitive management proposed allows BAMs self-configuration and results in optimizing the utilization of network resources.
  @cite_8: MPLS-TE and DiffServ are technical alternatives used for supporting traffic engineering and QoS-demanding applications, such those typically found in multimedia multiservice networks. This paper proposes an algorithm based on LSP rate reduction and LSP preemption, the ADAPT-RDM algorithm, suitable to manage bandwidth sharing according with the RDM (Russian doll model) model. The constraints used by the ADAPT-RDM algorithm are fundamentally the class priority preservation and the RDM model's basic constraints (bandwidth sharing by classes). The proposed algorithm is suitable for use in DS-TE context. The paper describes the proposed algorithm and evaluates its results considering different implementation scenarios.
  @cite_6: DiffServ-aware MPLS-TE (DS-TE) allows the MPLS-TE networks to reserve the resources on per-class basis. This way the network can achieve high network utilization with strict QoS guarantees. DS-TE introduces Bandwidth Constraint Models (BCM) which allocate the available bandwidth per-class and establish the means how to use it. This paper presents a new admission control based BCM called A-MAR which aims to optimize the resource utilization while focusing on high priority classes. We compare A-MAR with the original MAR concept and show that our approach can truly benefit the network's performance.
  @cite_27: This paper proposes a new Bandwidth Constraints Model for MPLS networks, called CAM (Courteous Allocation Model). CAM allocates added bandwidth to lower classes of traffic without affecting the high priority traffic. Simulations are performed to compare CAM with the two basic Constraints Models, namely, MAM (Maximum Allocation Model) and RDM (Russian Dolls Model). The results show that our model gives significant improvement in terms of delay, throughput and packets loss.
  @cite_31: DiffServ-aware MPLS-TE (DS-TE) allows bandwidth reservation for Traffic Classes (TCs) in MPLS-based engineered networks and, as such, improves the basic MPLS-TE model. In DS-TE networks, per-Class quality of service guarantees are provided while being possible to achieve improved network utilization. DS-TE requires the use of a Bandwidth Allocation Model (BAM) that establishes the amount of bandwidth per-Class and any eventual sharing among them. This paper proposes a new bandwidth allocation model (AllocTC-Sharing) in which the higher priority traffic classes are allowed to use non allocated resources of lower priority traffic classes and vice versa. By adopting this “dual sense” allocation strategy for dynamic bandwidth allocation, it is shown that AllocTC-Sharing model preserves bandwidth constraints for traffic classes and improves overall link utilization.
  @cite_16: 
  @cite_10: 
  @cite_12: MPLS-TE (Multiprotocol Label Switching - Traffic Engineering) and DiffServ are technical alternatives used for supporting Traffic Engineering and QoS-demanding applications, such those typically found in multimedia multiservice networks. This paper proposes the ADAPT-RDM algorithm, suitable to allocation or not of LSPs (Label Switch Paths) according DiffServ-aware MPLS Traffic Engineering (DS-TE) and with the utilization of the RDM (Russian Doll Model) bandwidth constraint model. The principal objectives of the ADAPT-RDM algorithm are fundamentally the class types (CTs) priority preservation and the management of the bandwidth sharing capabilities of the RDM model. The paper describes the proposed algorithm and evaluates its results considering different implementation scenarios.
summary: Bandwidth allocation model research has been focused on developing new models that, somehow, complement the basic ones: i) MAM proposed by @cite_16 , ii) RDM discussed in @cite_12 ; and iii) the AllocTCSharing (ATCS) model proposed by @cite_31 . The research group associated with this work has proposed 2 new basic BAM: i) the AllocTCSharing (ATCS) model @cite_31 ; and ii) the Generalized Bandwidth Allocation Model (GBAM) @cite_10 . Some additional hybrid models that fundamentally provide some extra capabilities to existing models have also been proposed by @cite_6 @cite_27 and @cite_8 .