text: With the advent of cloud technologies, there is a growing number of easy-to-use services to store files and share them with other cloud users. By providing security features, cloud service providers try to encourage users to store personal files or corporate documents on their servers. However, their server-side encryption solutions are not satisfactory when the server itself is not trusted. Although, there are several client-side solutions to provide security for cloud sharing, they are not used extensively because of usability issues in key management. In this paper, we propose TwinCloud which is an innovative solution with the goal of providing a secure system to users without compromising the usability of cloud sharing. TwinCloud achieves this by bringing a novel solution to the complex key exchange problem and by providing a simple and practical approach to store and share files by hiding all the cryptographic and key-distribution operations from users. Serving as a gateway, TwinCloud uses two or more cloud providers to store the encryption keys and encrypted files in separate clouds which ease the secure sharing without a need for trust to either of the cloud service providers with the assumption that they do not collude with each other. We implemented TwinCloud as a lightweight application and make it available as open-source. The results of our usability study show the prospect of the secure sharing solution of TwinCloud.
  @cite_7: Cloud computing has been acknowledged as one of the prevaling models for providing IT capacities. The off-premises computing paradigm that comes with cloud computing has incurred great concerns on the security of data, especially the integrity and confidentiality of data, as cloud service providers may have complete control on the computing infrastructure that underpins the services. This makes it difficult to share data via cloud providers where data should be confidential to the providers and only authorized users should be allowed to access the data. This work aims to construct a system for trusted data sharing through untrusted cloud providers, to address the above mentioned issue. The constructed system can imperatively impose the access control policies of data owners, preventing the cloud storage providers from unauthorized access and making illegal authorization to access the data.
summary: This section examines preceding academic and industrial work related to secure file sharing on clouds. @cite_7 proposed a trusted data sharing method over untrusted cloud storage providers. This method can be described as follows: