[[File:Somunanacio11(2).jpg|thumb|Catalanske separatister]]
'''Separatisme''' (af {{lang-la|separare}}) er et standpunkt, der går ind for politisk løsrivelse fra en [[stat]] med det sigte at etablere en ny uafhængig stat for den befolkningsgruppe, der bebor det territorum, der ønskes løsrevet. Befolkningsgruppen kan være defineret af [[Kultur|kulturelle]], [[Etnicitet|etniske]] eller [[Religion|religiøse]] kendetegn, der danner grundlag for en [[nationalisme|national identitet]].<ref name=":0">{{Kilde bog | forfatter = Veggeland, Noralv | udgivelsesdato = 2000 | title = Den nye regionalismen | isbn = 8276746896 | forlag = Fagbokforl. | url = http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-nb_digibok_2014052108025 | side = }}</ref><ref>Horowitz, D. L. (1981). Patterns of ethnic separatism. ''Comparative Studies in Society and History,'' 23(2), p. 165-195. "In the analysis of ethnic separatism and secession, two approaches can be distinguished. One is to ask what forces are responsbile for the general upsurge in secessionist movements, from Burma te-Biafra and Bangladesh, from Corsica to Quebec, and from Eritrea to the Southern Philippines. Another approach is to ask what moves certain territorially discrete ethnic groups to attempt to leave the states of which they are a part (or at least to secure substantial territorial autonomy), whereas other groups, also regionally concentrated, make no such attempts."</ref><ref>Siroky, D. S., & Cuffe, J. (2015). Lost autonomy, nationalism and separatism. ''Comparative Political Studies'', 48(1), 3-34.</ref>
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