Skyer og deres effekt er specielt vanskelige at forudsige. Forbedrede modeller for repræsentation af skyer er derfor et vigtigt tema i dagens forskning.<ref>Stocker ''et al.'',[http://www.grida.no/climate/ipcc_tar/wg1/260.htm Chapter 7: Physical Climate Processes and Feedbacks] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111224074830/http://www.grida.no/climate/ipcc_tar/wg1/260.htm |date=24. december 2011 }}, [http://www.grida.no/climate/ipcc_tar/wg1/271.htm Section 7.2.2: Cloud Processes and Feedbacks] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050404064415/http://www.grida.no/climate/ipcc_tar/wg1/271.htm |date= 4. april 2005 }}, in {{Harvnb|IPCC TAR WG1|2001}}.</ref> En anden fremtrædende problemstilling er at udvide og forbedre repræsentationer af [[kulstofkredsløbet]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Torn|first=Margaret|author2=Harte, John|year=2006|title=Missing feedbacks, asymmetric uncertainties, and the underestimation of future warming|journal=Geophysical Research Letters|volume=33|issue=10|pages=L10703|url=http://www.webpages.uidaho.edu/envs501/downloads/Torn%20%26%20Harte%202006.pdf|access-date=4. marts 2007|doi=10.1029/2005GL025540|bibcode=2006GeoRL..3310703T|archive-date= 4. marts 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304191104/http://www.webpages.uidaho.edu/envs501/downloads/Torn%20%26%20Harte%202006.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Harte|first=John|author2=Saleska, Scott |author3=Shih, Tiffany|year=2006|title = Shifts in plant dominance control carbon-cycle responses to experimental warming and widespread drought|journal=Environmental Research Letters|volume=1|issue=1|page =014001|access-date =2. maj 2007|doi=10.1088/1748-9326/1/1/014001| bibcode=2006ERL.....1a4001H|url = http://www.iop.org/EJ/article/1748-9326/1/1/014001/erl6_1_014001.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Scheffer|first=Marten|author2=Brovkin, Victor|author3=Cox, Peter|title=Positive feedback between global warming and atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration inferred from past climate change|journal=Geophysical Research Letters|volume=33|issue=10|year=2006|pages=L10702|bibcode=2006GeoRL..3310702S|doi=10.1029/2005gl025044|access-date=4. maj 2007|url=http://www.pik-potsdam.de/~victor/recent/scheffer_etal_T_CO2_GRL_in_press.pdf|archive-date= 4. juni 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070604183016/http://www.pik-potsdam.de/~victor/recent/scheffer_etal_T_CO2_GRL_in_press.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
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