En nylig opsplitning af arten i yderligere underarter kan have fundet sted for cirka 2,7 millioner år siden efter adskillelse af populationer af de stigende [[Andesbjergene|venezuelanske Andesbjerge]].<ref name="SladeMoritz1998">{{cite journal | last1 = Slade | first1 = R.W. | last2 = Moritz | first2 = C. | title = Phylogeography of Bufo marinus from its natural and introduced ranges | journal = Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences | date = 7. maj 1998 | volume = 265 | issue = 1398 | pages = 769–777 | issn = 0962-8452 | eissn = 1471-2954 | doi = 10.1098/rspb.1998.0359 | pmid = 9628036 | pmc = 1689048 | url = }}</ref>
Invasive_arter