== Noter ==
{{reflist|3}}
=== Kilder ===
<div class="references-small">
* Alphonse, Dokalyo (2003); "[http://www.cefod.org/Tchad%20et%20Culture/Tc214/art%20tchadien%205.htm Cinéma: un avenir plein d’espoir] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030518154231/http://www.cefod.org/Tchad+et+Culture/Tc214/art+tchadien+5.htm |date=18. maj 2003 }}", ''Tchad et Culture'' '''214'''.  {{fr sprog}}
* "[http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/37992.htm Background Note: Chad]". September 2006. [[Udenrigsministeriet (USA)|Det amerikanske udenrigsministerium]]. {{en sprog}}
* Bambé, Naygotimti (April 2007); "[http://www.cefod.org/Tchad%20et%20Culture/Tc256/fespaco6.htm Issa Serge Coelo, cinéaste tchadien: ''On a encore du travail à faire''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070915060949/http://www.cefod.org/Tchad+et+Culture/Tc256/fespaco6.htm |date=15. september 2007 }}, ''Tchad et Culture'' '''256'''.  {{fr sprog}}
* Botha, D.J.J. (December 1992); ''S.H. Frankel: Reminiscences of an Economist'', ''The South African Journal of Economics'' '''60''' (4): 246–255. {{en sprog}}
* Boyd-Buggs, Debra & Joyce Hope Scott (1999); ''Camel Tracks: Critical Perspectives on Sahelian Literatures''. Lawrenceville: Africa World Press. {{ISBN|0-86543-757-2}} {{en sprog}}
* "[http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2006/78726.htm Chad]". [[FN's menneskerettighedskommission]] 2006, [[6. marts]] [[2007]]. [[Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor]], U.S. Department of State. {{en sprog}}
* "[http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2004/41595.htm Chad]". Country Reports on Human Rights Practices 2004, [[28. februar]] [[2005]]. Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, U.S. Department of State. {{en sprog}}
* "[http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2006/71293.htm Chad]". ''International Religious Freedom Report 2006''. [[15. september]] [[2006]]. Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, U.S. Department of State. {{en sprog}}
* "[https://web.archive.org/web/20070208023239/http://web.amnesty.org/report2006/tcd-summary-eng Chad]". ''Amnesty International Report 2006''. [[Amnesty International]] Publications. {{en sprog}}
* "[http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/25/62/38561813.pdf Chad]" (PDF). ''African Economic Outlook 2007''. [[OECD]]. Maj 2007. {{ISBN|978-92-64-02510-3}} {{en sprog}}
* "[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cd.html Chad] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200518164645/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cd.html |date=18. maj 2020 }}". ''[[The World Factbook]]''. United States [[CIA]]. [[15. maj]] [[2007]]. {{en sprog}}
* "[https://web.archive.org/web/20040317061253/http://www.reproductiverights.org/pdf/chad.pdf Chad]" (PDF). ''Women of the World: Laws and Policies Affecting Their Reproductive Lives – Francophone Africa''. Center for Reproductive Rights. 2000 {{en sprog}}
* "[https://web.archive.org/web/20070930220845/http://www.freedomhouse.org/inc/content/pubs/pfs/inc_country_detail.cfm?country=6939&year=2006&pf Chad (2006)]". ''Freedom of the Press: 2007 Edition''. Freedom House, Inc. {{en sprog}}
* "[http://www.freemedia.at/cms/ipi/freedom_detail.html?country=/KW0001/KW0004/KW0090/&year=2006 Chad – 2006] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929091646/http://www.freemedia.at/cms/ipi/freedom_detail.html?country=%2FKW0001%2FKW0004%2FKW0090%2F&year=2006 |date=29. september 2007 }}". ''World Press Freedom Review – 2006''. [[International Press Institute]]. {{en sprog}}
* "[http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/0/48f4be12f6c55e5a802565cd005d4e0e?Opendocument Chad]". Human Rights Instruments. [[FN's menneskerettighedskommission]]. [[12. december]] [[1997]]. {{en sprog}}
* "Chad". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. (2000). Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. {{en sprog}}
* "Chad, Lake". ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. (2000). {{en sprog}}
* "[http://www-wds.worldbank.org/servlet/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2004/08/18/000112742_20040818161300/Rendered/PDF/298290Chad0IEM1ject0Brief10Final004.pdf Chad – Community Based Integrated Ecosystem Management Project]" (PDF). [[24. september]] [[2002]]. [[Verdensbanken]]. {{en sprog}}
* "[https://web.archive.org/web/20061001212259/http://www.cp-pc.ca/english/chad/chad_eng.pdf Chad: A Cultural Profile]" (PDF). Cultural Profiles Project. [[Citizenship and Immigration Canada]]. {{ISBN|0-7727-9102-3}} {{en sprog}}
* "[http://www-wds.worldbank.org/servlet/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2004/11/23/000104615_20041129133849/Rendered/PDF/PID010Concept0Stage.pdf Chad Urban Development Project]" (PDF). [[21. oktober]] [[2004]]. Verdensbanken. {{en sprog}}
* "[http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/fullMaps_Af.nsf/luFullMap/387875A9DF1816A78525725F005D5397/$File/chad_final.pdf?OpenElement Chad: Humanitarian Profile – 2006/2007]" (PDF). [[8. januar]] [[2007]]. [[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs]]. {{en sprog}}
* "[https://web.archive.org/web/20051218234917/http://www.fews.net/livelihoods/files/td/profiling.pdf Chad Livelihood Profiles]" (PDF). Marts 2005. [[United States Agency for International Development]]. {{en sprog}}
* "[http://www-wds.worldbank.org/servlet/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/1997/10/21/000009265_3971229180948/Rendered/PDF/multi_page.pdf Chad Poverty Assessment: Constraints to Rural Development]" (PDF). Verdensbanken. [[21. oktober]] [[1997]]. {{en sprog}}
* "[http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=22&year=2006&country=6939 Chad (2006)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012174004/http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=22&year=2006&country=6939 |date=12. oktober 2007 }}". ''Country Report: 2006 Edition''. [[Freedom House]], Inc. {{en sprog}}
* "[https://archive.today/20121213034203/www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/Chad_Cameroon/Full.html Chad and Cameroon]". Country Analysis Briefs. Januar 2007. [[Energy Information Administration]]. {{en sprog}}
* "[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/4771383.stm Chad leader's victory confirmed]", [[BBC News]], [[14. maj]] [[2006]].
* "[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/6367545.stm Chad may face genocide, UN warns]", BBC News, [[16. februar]] [[2007]]. {{en sprog}}
* Chapelle, Jean (1981); ''Le Peuple Tchadien: ses racines et sa vie quotidienne''. Paris: L'Harmattan. {{ISBN|2-85802-169-4}}  {{fr sprog}}
* [[Anwarul Karim Chowdhury|Chowdhury, Anwarul Karim]] & Sandagdorj Erdenbileg (2006); "[http://www0.un.org/special-rep/ohrlls/ohrlls/UNOHRLLS/new/UserFiles/File/Publications/LLDC/05-33151_geography_sm.pdf Geography Against Development: A Case for Landlocked Developing Countries] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090205131921/http://www0.un.org/special-rep/ohrlls/ohrlls/UNOHRLLS/new/UserFiles/File/Publications/LLDC/05-33151_geography_sm.pdf |date= 5. februar 2009 }}". New York: United Nations. {{ISBN|92-1-104540-1}} {{en sprog}}
* Collelo, Thomas (1990); "[https://archive.today/20120715050024/lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/tdtoc.html Chad: A Country Study]", 2d ed. Washington: [[United States Government Printing Office|U.S. GPO]]. {{ISBN|0-16-024770-5}} {{en sprog}}
* Dadnaji, Dimrangar (1999); "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030408093346/http://www.cefod.org/Fichiers%20web/decentralisationtchad.doc La decentralisation au Tchad]"  {{fr sprog}}
* Decalo, Samuel (1987); ''Historical Dictionary of Chad'', 2 ed. Metuchen: The Scarecrow Press. {{ISBN|0-8108-1937-6}} {{en sprog}}
* East, Roger & Richard J. Thomas (2003); ''Profiles of People in Power: The World's Government Leaders''. Routledge. {{ISBN|1-85743-126-X}} {{en sprog}}
* Dinar, Ariel (1995); ''Restoring and Protecting the World's Lakes and Reservoirs''. World Bank Publications. {{ISBN|0-8213-3321-6}} {{en sprog}}
* Gondjé, Laoro (2003); "[http://www.cefod.org/Tchad%20et%20Culture/Tc214/art%20tchadien%201.htm La musique recherche son identité] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030518154037/http://www.cefod.org/Tchad+et+Culture/Tc214/art+tchadien+1.htm |date=18. maj 2003 }}", ''Tchad et Culture'' '''214'''. {{fr sprog}}
* "[https://web.archive.org/web/20060817021707/http://web.amnesty.org/library/Index/engAFR200042001?OpenDocument&of=COUNTRIES%5CCHAD Chad: the Habré Legacy]". [[Amnesty International]]. [[16. oktober]] [[2001]]. {{en sprog}}
* Lange, Dierk (1988). "[http://dierklange.com/pdf/fulltexts/UNESCO_III.pdf The Chad region as a crossroad]" (PDF), in ''UNESCO General History of Africa – Africa from the Seventh to the Eleventh Century'', vol. 3: 436–460. [[University of California Press]]. {{ISBN|978-0-520-03914-8}} {{en sprog}}
* "[https://web.archive.org/web/20071024234020/http://www.deltcd.ec.europa.eu/fr/item2_info_docs/Lettre3_a4x10p.pdf Lettre d'information]" (PDF). Délégation de la Commission Européenne au Tchad. N. 3. September 2004.  {{fr sprog}}
* Macedo, Stephen (2006); ''Universal Jurisdiction: National Courts and the Prosecution of Serious Crimes Under International Law''. University of Pennsylvania Press. {{ISBN|0-8122-1950-3}} {{en sprog}}
* Malo, Nestor H. (2003); "[http://www.cefod.org/Tchad%20et%20Culture/Tc214/art%20tchadien%206.htm Littérature tchadienne : Jeune mais riche] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030518154200/http://www.cefod.org/Tchad+et+Culture/Tc214/art+tchadien+6.htm |date=18. maj 2003 }}", ''Tchad et Culture'' '''214'''.  {{fr sprog}}
* Manley, Andrew; "[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/4809420.stm Chad's vulnerable president]", BBC News, [[15. marts]] [[2006]]. {{en sprog}}
* "[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/5328462.stm Mirren crowned 'queen' at Venice]", BBC News, [[9. september]] [[2006]]. {{en sprog}}
* Ndang, Tabo Symphorien (2005); "[https://web.archive.org/web/20070614080559/http://132.203.59.36:81/Group/members_mpia/mpia-read/meetings%26workshops/SRI%20LANKA/Papers/PMMA%20Papers/pr-pmma-208%20Tabo%20Ndang%20Symph-new.pdf A qui Profitent les Dépenses Sociales au Tchad? Une Analyse d'Incidence à Partir des Données d'Enquête]" (PDF). ''4th PEP Research Network General Meeting''. Poverty and Economic Policy.  {{fr sprog}}
* [[Sam Nolutshungu|Nolutshungu, Sam C.]] (1995); ''Limits of Anarchy: Intervention and State Formation in Chad''. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press. {{ISBN|0-8139-1628-3}} {{en sprog}}
* [[Kenneth Pollack|Pollack, Kenneth M.]] (2002); ''Arabs at War: Military Effectiveness, 1948–1991''. Lincoln: [[University of Nebraska Press]]. {{ISBN|0-8032-3733-2}} {{en sprog}}
* "[http://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2147rank.html Rank Order – Area] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080306224216/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2147rank.html |date= 6. marts 2008 }}". ''The World Factbook''. United States Central Intelligence Agency. [[10. maj]] [[2007]]. {{en sprog}}
* "[http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/un/unpan023258.pdf Republic of Chad – Public Administration Country Profile] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614080558/http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/un/unpan023258.pdf |date=14. juni 2007 }}" (PDF). United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs. November 2004. {{en sprog}}
* "[http://www.primature-tchad.org/CIRCONSCRIPTIONS.pdf République du Tchad – Circonscriptions administratives] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070316210936/http://www.primature-tchad.org/CIRCONSCRIPTIONS.pdf |date=16. marts 2007 }}". [[Tchads regering]].  {{fr sprog}}
* Spera, Vincent ([[8. februar]] [[2004]]); "[http://strategis.ic.gc.ca/epic/site/imr-ri.nsf/en/gr126314e.html Chad Country Commercial Guide -- FY 2005] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071015073734/http://strategis.ic.gc.ca/epic/site/imr-ri.nsf/en/gr126314e.html |date=15. oktober 2007 }}". [[Handelsdepartementet (USA)|United States Department of Commerce]]. {{en sprog}}
* "[http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/D7238E/D7238E03.htm Symposium on the evaluation of fishery resources in the development and management of inland fisheries]". CIFA Technical Paper No. 2. [[FAO]]. 29. november – 1. december 1972. {{en sprog}}
* "[http://www.unesco.org/education/wef/countryreports/tchad/contents.html Tchad]". ''L'évaluation de l'éducation pour tous à l'an 2000: Rapport des pays''. [[UNESCO]], Education for All.  {{fr sprog}}
* "[https://web.archive.org/web/20060604170409/http://www.crisisgroup.org/library/documents/africa/horn_of_africa/111_tchad_vers_le_retour_de_la_guerre.pdf Tchad: vers le retour de la guerre?]" (PDF). [[International Crisis Group]]. [[1. juni]] [[2006]].  {{fr sprog}}
* Tetchiada, Sylvestre; "[http://ipsnews.net/fr/_note.asp?idnews=2920 Le pétrole au coeur des nouveaux soubresauts au Tchad]", [[Inter Press Service|IPS]], [[16. december]] [[2006]].  {{fr sprog}}
* Wolfe, Adam; "[http://www.pinr.com/report.php?ac=view_report&report_id=592&language_id=1 Instability on the March in Sudan, Chad and Central African Republic] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070105160231/http://www.pinr.com/report.php?ac=view_report&report_id=592&language_id=1 |date= 5. januar 2007 }}", PINR, [[6. december]] [[2006]]. {{en sprog}}
* World Bank ([[14. juli]] [[2006]]). "[http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/NEWS/0,,contentMDK:20994138~pagePK:34370~piPK:34424~theSitePK:4607,00.html World Bank, Govt. of Chad Sign Memorandum of Understanding on Poverty Reduction]". [[Pressemeddelelse]]. {{en sprog}}
* "[http://esa.un.org/unpp/ World Population Prospects: The 2006 Revision Population Database] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511162049/http://esa.un.org/unpp/ |date=11. maj 2011 }}". 2006. United Nations Population Division. {{en sprog}}
* "[http://mediaglobal.org/index.php/the-worlds-10-poorest-countries/ The World's 10 Poorest Countries]". Media for Global Development. {{en sprog}}
* "[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/4351076.stm Worst corruption offenders named]", BBC News, [[18. november]] [[2005]]. {{en sprog}}
* Young, Neil (august 2002); "[http://www.jigsawlounge.co.uk/film/harouninterview.html An interview with Mahamet-Saleh Haroun, writer and director of Abouna (''Our Father'')]". {{en sprog}}
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Politik Historie Tidligere_riger,_stater,_protektorater,_kolonier_og_lande