Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Experimentally bounding deviations from quantum theory in the landscape
  of generalized probabilistic theories   Many experiments in the field of quantum foundations seek to adjudicate
between quantum theory and speculative alternatives to it. This requires one to
analyze the experimental data in a manner that does not presume the correctness
of the quantum formalism. The mathematical framework of generalized
probabilistic theories (GPTs) provides a means of doing so. We present a scheme
for determining which GPTs are consistent with a given set of experimental
data. It proceeds by performing tomography on the preparations and measurements
in a self-consistent manner, i.e., without presuming a prior characterization
of either. We illustrate the scheme by analyzing experimental data for a large
set of preparations and measurements on the polarization degree of freedom of a
single photon. We find that the smallest and largest GPT state spaces
consistent with our data are a pair of polytopes, each approximating the shape
of the Bloch Sphere and having a volume ratio of $0.977 \pm 0.001$, which
provides a quantitative bound on the scope for deviations from quantum theory.
We also demonstrate how our scheme can be used to bound the extent to which
nature might be more nonlocal than quantum theory predicts, as well as the
extent to which it might be more or less contextual. Specifically, we find that
the maximal violation of the CHSH inequality can be at most $1.3\% \pm 0.1$
greater than the quantum prediction, and the maximal violation of a particular
inequality for universal noncontextuality can not differ from the quantum
prediction by more than this factor on either side. The most significant
loophole in this sort of analysis is that the set of preparations and
measurements one implements might fail to be tomographically complete for the
system of interest.

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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org