Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Anisotropic Quantum Confinement Effect and Electric Control of Surface
  States in Dirac Semimetal Nanostructures   The recent discovery of Dirac semimetals represents a new achievement in our
fundamental understanding of topological states of matter. Due to their
topological surface states, high mobility, and exotic properties associated
with bulk Dirac points, these new materials have attracted significant
attention and are believed to hold great promise for fabricating novel
topological devices. For nanoscale device applications, effects from finite
size usually play an important role. In this report, we theoretically
investigate the electronic properties of Dirac semimetal nanostructures.
Quantum confinement generally opens a bulk band gap at the Dirac points. We
find that confinement along different directions shows strong
anisotropiceffects. In particular, the gap due to confinement along vertical
c-axis shows a periodic modulation, which is absent for confinement along
horizontal directions. We demonstrate that the topological surface states could
be controlled by lateral electrostatic gating. It is possible to generate
Rashba-like spin splitting for the surface states and to shift them relative to
the confinement-induced bulk gap. These results will not only facilitate our
fundamental understanding of Dirac semimetal nanostructures, but also provide
useful guidance for designing all-electrical topological spintronics devices.

26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
2
The categories of this paper are: math
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat