Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Bistabilities and domain walls in weakly open quantum systems   Weakly pumped systems with approximate conservation laws can be efficiently
described by a generalized Gibbs ensemble if the steady state of the system is
unique. However, such a description can fail if there are multiple steady state
solutions, for example, a bistability. In this case domains and domain walls
may form. In one-dimensional (1D) systems any type of noise (thermal or
non-thermal) will in general lead to a proliferation of such domains. We study
this physics in a 1D spin chain with two approximate conservation laws, energy
and the $z$-component of the total magnetization. A bistability in the
magnetization is induced by the coupling to suitably chosen Lindblad operators.
We analyze the theory for a weak coupling strength $\epsilon$ to the
non-equilibrium bath. In this limit, we argue that one can use hydrodynamic
approximations which describe the system locally in terms of space- and
time-dependent Lagrange parameters. Here noise terms enforce the creation of
domains, where the typical width of a domain wall goes as $\sim
1/\sqrt{\epsilon}$ while the density of domain walls is exponentially small in
$1/\sqrt{\epsilon}$. This is shown by numerical simulations of a simplified
hydrodynamic equation in the presence of noise.

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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th