Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Temperature determined by isobaric yield ratio in heavy-ion collisions   This work focuses on the study of temperature associated with the final heavy
fragments in reactions induced by both the neutron-proton symmetric and the
neutron-rich projectiles, and with incident energy ranges from 60$A$ MeV to
1$A$ GeV. Isobaric yield ratio (IYR) is used to determine the temperature of
heavy fragments. Cross sections of measured fragment in reactions are analyzed,
and a modified statistical abrasion-ablation (SAA) model is used to calculate
the yield of fragment in 140$A$ MeV $^{64}$Ni + $^{9}$Be and 1$A$ GeV
$^{136}$Xe + $^{208}$Pb reactions. Relatively low $T$ of heavy fragments are
obtained in different reactions ($T$ ranges from 1 to 3MeV). $T$ is also found
to depend on the neutron-richness of the projectile. The incident energy
affects $T$ very little. $\Delta\mu/T$ (the ratio of the difference between the
chemical potential of neutron and proton to temperature) is found to increase
linearly as $N/Z$ of projectile increases. It is found that $T$ of the
$^{48}$Ca reaction, for which IYRs are of $A<50$ isobars, is affected greatly
by the temperature-corrected $\Delta B(T)$. But $T$ of reactions using IYRs of
heavier fragments are only slightly affected by the temperature-corrected
$\Delta B(T)$. The SAA model analysis gives a consistent overview of the
results extracted in this work. $T$ from IYR, which is for secondary fragment,
is different from that of the hot emitting source. $T$ and $\Delta\mu$ are
essentially governed by the sequential decay process.

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The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
2
The categories of this paper are: math
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph