Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Equilibrium and transient thermodynamics: A unified dissipaton-space
  approach   This work presents a unified dissipaton-equation-of-motion (DEOM) theory and
its evaluations on the Helmholtz free energy change due to the isotherm mixing
of two isolated subsystems. One is a local impurity and another is a nonlocal
Gaussian bath. DEOM constitutes a fundamental theory for such open quantum
mixtures. To complete the theory, we construct also the imaginary-time DEOM
formalism via an analytical continuation of dissipaton algebra, which would be
limited to equilibrium thermodynamics. On the other hand, the real-time DEOM
deals with both equilibrium structural and nonequilibrium dynamic properties.
Its combination with the thermodynamic integral formalism would be a viable and
accurate means to both equilibrium and transient thermodynamics. As
illustrations, we report the numerical results on a spin--boson system, with
elaborations on the underlying anharmonic features, the thermodynamic entropy
versus the von Neumann entropy, and an indication of "solvent-cage" formation.
Beside the required asymptotic equilibrium properties, the proposed transient
thermodynamics also supports the basic spontaneity criterion.

17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an