Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: A Study of Heating and Cooling of the ISM in NGC 1097 with Herschel-PACS
  and Spitzer-IRS   NGC 1097 is a nearby Seyfert 1 galaxy with a bright circumnuclear starburst
ring, a strong large-scale bar and an active nucleus. We present a detailed
study of the spatial variation of the far infrared (FIR) [CII]158um and
[OI]63um lines and mid-infrared H2 emission lines as tracers of gas cooling,
and of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) bands as tracers of the
photoelectric heating, using Herschel-PACS, and Spitzer-IRS infrared spectral
maps. We focus on the nucleus and the ring, and two star forming regions (Enuc
N and Enuc S). We estimated a photoelectric gas heating efficiency
([CII]158um+[OI]63um)/PAH in the ring about 50% lower than in Enuc N and S. The
average 11.3/7.7um PAH ratio is also lower in the ring, which may suggest a
larger fraction of ionized PAHs, but no clear correlation with
[CII]158{\mu}m/PAH(5.5 - 14um) is found. PAHs in the ring are responsible for a
factor of two more [CII]158um and [OI]63um emission per unit mass than PAHs in
the Enuc S. SED modeling indicates that at most 25% of the FIR power in the
ring and Enuc S can come from high intensity photodissociation regions (PDRs),
in which case G0 ~ 10^2.3 and nH ~ 10^3.5 cm^-3 in the ring. For these values
of G0 and nH PDR models cannot reproduce the observed H2 emission. Much of the
the H2 emission in the starburst ring could come from warm regions in the
diffuse ISM that are heated by turbulent dissipation or shocks.

2
The categories of this paper are: math
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin