Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Computer simulation of three dimensional shearing of granular materials:
  Formation of shear bands   We used computer simulations to study spontaneous strain localization in
granular materials, as a result of symmetry breaking non-homogeneous
deformations. Axisymmetric triaxial shear tests were simulated by means of
standard three-dimensional Distinct Element Method (DEM) with spherical grains.
Carefully prepared dense specimens were compressed between two platens and, in
order to mimic the experimental conditions, stress controlled, (initially)
axisymmetric boundary conditions were constructed. Strain localization gave
rise to visible shear bands, previously found experimentally under similar
conditions by several groups, and different morphologies could be reproduced.
We examined the stress-strain relation during the process and found good
agreement with experiments. Formation mechanism of shear bands is discussed.

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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
2
The categories of this paper are: math
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: nlin
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: stat
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: eess