Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Superpixels: An Evaluation of the State-of-the-Art   Superpixels group perceptually similar pixels to create visually meaningful
entities while heavily reducing the number of primitives for subsequent
processing steps. As of these properties, superpixel algorithms have received
much attention since their naming in 2003. By today, publicly available
superpixel algorithms have turned into standard tools in low-level vision. As
such, and due to their quick adoption in a wide range of applications,
appropriate benchmarks are crucial for algorithm selection and comparison.
Until now, the rapidly growing number of algorithms as well as varying
experimental setups hindered the development of a unifying benchmark. We
present a comprehensive evaluation of 28 state-of-the-art superpixel algorithms
utilizing a benchmark focussing on fair comparison and designed to provide new
insights relevant for applications. To this end, we explicitly discuss
parameter optimization and the importance of strictly enforcing connectivity.
Furthermore, by extending well-known metrics, we are able to summarize
algorithm performance independent of the number of generated superpixels,
thereby overcoming a major limitation of available benchmarks. Furthermore, we
discuss runtime, robustness against noise, blur and affine transformations,
implementation details as well as aspects of visual quality. Finally, we
present an overall ranking of superpixel algorithms which redefines the
state-of-the-art and enables researchers to easily select appropriate
algorithms and the corresponding implementations which themselves are made
publicly available as part of our benchmark at
davidstutz.de/projects/superpixel-benchmark/.

12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci