Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: A statefinder luminosity distance formula in varying speed of light
  cosmology   We derive a luminosity distance formula for the varying speed of light (VSL)
theory which involves higher order characteristics of expansion such as jerk,
snap and lerk which can test the impact of varying $c$ onto the evolution of
the universe. We show that the effect of varying $c$ is possible to be isolated
due to the relations connecting observational parameters already by measuring
the second-order term in redshift $z$ unless there is a redundancy between the
curvature and an exotic fluid of cosmic strings scaling the same way as the
curvature.

10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org