Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Leveraging Continuous Material Averaging for Inverse Electromagnetic
  Design   Inverse electromagnetic design has emerged as a way of efficiently designing
active and passive electromagnetic devices. This maturing strategy involves
optimizing the shape or topology of a device in order to improve a figure of
merit--a process which is typically performed using some form of steepest
descent algorithm. Naturally, this requires that we compute the gradient of a
figure of merit which describes device performance, potentially with respect to
many design variables. In this paper, we introduce a new strategy based on
smoothing abrupt material interfaces which enables us to efficiently compute
these gradients with high accuracy irrespective of the resolution of the
underlying simulation. This has advantages over previous approaches to shape
and topology optimization in nanophotonics which are either prone to gradient
errors or place important constraints on the shape of the device. As a
demonstration of this new strategy, we optimize a non-adiabatic waveguide taper
between a narrow and wide waveguide. This optimization leads to a non-intuitive
design with a very low insertion loss of only 0.041 dB at 1550 nm.

23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th