Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Myths and Legends of the Baldwin Effect   This position paper argues that the Baldwin effect is widely misunderstood by
the evolutionary computation community. The misunderstandings appear to fall
into two general categories. Firstly, it is commonly believed that the Baldwin
effect is concerned with the synergy that results when there is an evolving
population of learning individuals. This is only half of the story. The full
story is more complicated and more interesting. The Baldwin effect is concerned
with the costs and benefits of lifetime learning by individuals in an evolving
population. Several researchers have focussed exclusively on the benefits, but
there is much to be gained from attention to the costs. This paper explains the
two sides of the story and enumerates ten of the costs and benefits of lifetime
learning by individuals in an evolving population. Secondly, there is a cluster
of misunderstandings about the relationship between the Baldwin effect and
Lamarckian inheritance of acquired characteristics. The Baldwin effect is not
Lamarckian. A Lamarckian algorithm is not better for most evolutionary
computing problems than a Baldwinian algorithm. Finally, Lamarckian inheritance
is not a better model of memetic (cultural) evolution than the Baldwin effect.

29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
2
The categories of this paper are: math