Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Crystallography under external electric field   Structural response of crystals to an applied external perturbation is
important as a key for understanding microscopic origin of physical properties.
Experimental investigation of structural response is a great challenge for
modern structure analysis. We demonstrate how advanced X-ray diffraction
techniques facilitate probing tiny (10-4 {\AA}) distortions of bond lengths
under a permanent electric field. We also discuss details of the experimental
procedure essential for reaching such precision. We ask whether the experiment
can be used to evaluate chemical bonds in crystals by their sensitivity to an
external electric field and discuss if the bond deformations can be predicted
using the bond-valence model or the Bader's theory of atoms in molecules and
crystals. Finally, we describe the new time-resolved studies of a structural
response to a dynamical switch of applied electric field. These results give
access to the time-lining of piezoelectric effect on a microsecond time scale.

3
The categories of this paper are: physics
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
2
The categories of this paper are: math
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
18
The categories of this paper are: econ