Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Contamination in the Kepler Field. Identification of 685 KOIs as False
  Positives Via Ephemeris Matching Based On Q1-Q12 Data   The Kepler mission has to date found almost 6,000 planetary transit-like
signals, utilizing three years of data for over 170,000 stars at extremely high
photometric precision. Due to its design, contamination from eclipsing
binaries, variable stars, and other transiting planets results in a significant
number of these signals being false positives. This directly affects the
determination of the occurrence rate of Earth-like planets in our Galaxy, as
well as other planet population statistics. In order to detect as many of these
false positives as possible, we perform ephemeris matching among all transiting
planet, eclipsing binary, and variable star sources. We find that 685 Kepler
Objects of Interest - 12% of all those analyzed - are false positives as a
result of contamination, due to 409 unique parent sources. Of these, 118 have
not previously been identified by other methods. We estimate that ~35% of KOIs
are false positives due to contamination, when performing a first-order
correction for observational bias. Comparing single-planet candidate KOIs to
multi-planet candidate KOIs, we find an observed false positive fraction due to
contamination of 16% and 2.4% respectively, bolstering the existing evidence
that multi-planet KOIs are significantly less likely to be false positives. We
also analyze the parameter distributions of the ephemeris matches and derive a
simple model for the most common type of contamination in the Kepler field. We
find that the ephemeris matching technique is able to identify low
signal-to-noise false positives that are difficult to identify with other
vetting techniques. We expect false positive KOIs to become more frequent when
analyzing more quarters of Kepler data, and note that many of them will not be
able to be identified based on Kepler data alone.

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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: eess
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The categories of this paper are: q-bio
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The categories of this paper are: nlin
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol