Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Optimal Freewheeling Control of a Heavy-Duty Vehicle Using Mixed Integer
  Quadratic Programming   Improving the powertrain control of heavy-duty vehicles can be an efficient
way to reduce the fuel consumption and thereby reduce both the operating cost
and the environmental impact. One way of doing so is by using information about
the upcoming driving conditions, known as look-ahead information, in order to
coast with a gear engaged or to use freewheeling. Controllers using such
techniques today mainly exist for vehicles in highway driving. This paper
therefore targets how such control can be applied to vehicles with more
variations in their velocity, such as distribution vehicles. The driving
mission of such a vehicle is here formulated as an optimal control problem. The
control variables are the tractive force, the braking force, and a Boolean
variable representing closed or open powertrain. The problem is solved by a
Model Predictive Controller, which at each iteration solves a Mixed Integer
Quadratic Program. The fuel consumption is compared for four different control
policies: a benchmark following the reference of the driving cycle, look-ahead
control without freewheeling, freewheeling with the engine idling, and
freewheeling with the engine turned off. Simulations on a driving cycle
typically used for testing distribution vehicles show the potential of saving
10%, 16%, and 20\% respectively for the control policies compared with the
benchmark, in all cases without increasing the trip time.

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The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: q-bio
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: supr-con
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The categories of this paper are: physics
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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas