Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Numerical simulation of the EM forced flow during Sn-Pb alloy
  directional horizontal solidification   This article presents a study of the influence of electromagnetically (EM)
forced convection on segregation formation. As a reference case the
solidification of Sn-5 wt pct Pb alloy from the Hebditch and Hunt experiment is
taken. Applied forcing of convective flow is determined by the dimensionless
electromagnetic forcing parameter $F$. The study was carried out in the range
$-3.5\times 10^6<F<3.5\times 10^6$. Velocity profiles and flow patterns in the
liquid phase are obtained for different applied EM forcing conditions. As a
result of parametric analysis, the dependence of the Reynolds number on the
electromagnetic forcing parameter was obtained. Electromagnetic forces can
significantly affect the flow in the liquid bulk, increasing and slowing down
the velocity, as well as changing the circulating flow direction. Solute
concentration distribution analysis has shown that EM-forced convection does
not affect global solute segregation formation. For the two cases, segregation
channels were obtained. However, the analysis of the global segregation index
showed that an increase in the Reynolds number provokes a slight decrease in
this parameter. The main mechanism of segregation formation is transport of
solute rich liquid into the mushy zone. In considered numerical experiment
configuration, the penetration into the mushy zone is not large, and even a
change in the direction of convection in the liquid bulk does not significantly
affect the mushy zone flow. The calculations were made by means of open source
code in OpenFOAM and Elmer.

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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: eess
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: stat
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The categories of this paper are: cs
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The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: supr-con