Instruct: Identify the main category of Biorxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Effect of Vinyl Chloride Exposure on Cardiometabolic Toxicity Vinyl chloride is an organochlorine mainly used to manufacture its polymer polyvinyl chloride, which is extensively used in the manufacturing of consumer products. Recent studies suggest that chronic low dose vinyl chloride exposure affects glucose homeostasis in high fat diet-fed mice. Our data suggest that even in the absence of high fat diet, exposure to vinyl chloride (0.8 ppm, 6h/day, 5day/week, for 12 weeks) induces glucose intolerance (1.0 g/kg, i.p) in male C57BL/6 mice. This was accompanied with the depletion of hepatic glutathione and a modest increase in lung interstitial macrophages. Vinyl chloride exposure did not affect the levels of circulating immune cells, endothelial progenitor cells, platelet-immune cell aggregates, and cytokines and chemokines. The acute challenge of vinyl chloride-exposed mice with LPS did not affect lung immune cell composition or plasma IL-6. To examine the effect of vinyl chloride exposure on vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis, LDL receptor-KO mice on C57BL/6 background maintained on western diet were exposed to vinyl chloride for 12 weeks (0.8 ppm, 6h/day, 5day/week). Unlike the WT C57BL/6 mice, vinyl chloride exposure did not affect glucose tolerance in the LDL receptor-KO mice. Plasma cytokines, lesion area in the aortic valve, and markers of lesional inflammation in vinyl chloride-exposed LDL receptor-KO mice were comparable with the air-exposed controls. Collectively, despite impaired glucose tolerance and modest pulmonary inflammation, chronic low dose vinyl chloride exposure does not affect surrogate markers of cardiovascular injury, LPS-induced acute inflammation in C57BL/6 mice, and chronic inflammation and atherosclerosis in the LDL receptor-KO mice.
31
The categories of this paper are: paleontology
25
The categories of this paper are: bioengineering
7
The categories of this paper are: ecology
27
The categories of this paper are: pathology
13
The categories of this paper are: animal
6
The categories of this paper are: plant
5
The categories of this paper are: cell
9
The categories of this paper are: synthetic
15
The categories of this paper are: developmental
3
The categories of this paper are: evolutionary
18
The categories of this paper are: systems
30
The categories of this paper are: scientific
26
The categories of this paper are: biochemistry
22
The categories of this paper are: physiology
23
The categories of this paper are: immunology
32
The categories of this paper are: zoology