Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: An in-situ conductometric apparatus for physicochemical characterization
  of solutions and in-line monitoring of separation processes at elevated
  temperatures and pressures   Specific conductance and frequency-dependent resistance (impedance) data are
widely utilized for understanding the physicochemical characteristics of
aqueous and non-aqueous fluids and for evaluating the performance of chemical
processes. However, the implementation of such an in-situ probe in
high-temperature and high-pressure environments is not trivial. This work
provides a description of both the hardware and software associated with
implementing a parallel-type in-situ electrochemical sensor. The sensor can be
used for in-line monitoring of thermal desalination processes and for impedance
measurements in fluids at high temperature and pressure. A comparison between
the experimental measurements on the specific conductance in aqueous sodium
chloride solutions and the conductance model demonstrate that the methodology
yields reasonable agreement with both the model and literature data. A
combination of hardware components, a software-based correction for
experimental artifacts, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculations
used in this work provide a sound basis for implementing such in-situ
electrochemical sensors to measure frequency-dependent resistance spectra.

19
The categories of this paper are: eess
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex