Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Gender Systematics in the NRAO Proposal Review System   Several recent investigations indicate the existence of gender-related
systematic trends in the peer review of proposals for observations on
astronomical facilities. This includes the National Radio Astronomy Observatory
(NRAO) where there is evidence of a gender imbalance in the rank of proposals
with male principal investigators (PIs) favored over female PIs. Since semester
2017A (17A), the NRAO has taken the following steps: (1) inform science review
panels (SRPs) and the telescope time allocation committee (TAC) about the
gender imbalance; and (2) increase the female representation on SRPs and the
TAC to reflect the community demographics. Here we analyze SRP normalized
rank-ordered scores, or linear ranks, by PI gender for NRAO observing proposals
from semesters 12A-21A. We use bootstrap resampling to generate modeled
distributions and the Anderson-Darling (AD) test to evaluate the probability
that the linear rank distributions for male and female PIs are drawn from the
same parent sample. We find that between semesters 12A-17A that male PIs are
favored over female PIs (AD p-value 0.0084), whereas between semesters 17B-21A
female PIs are favored over male PIs, but at a lower significance (AD p-value
0.11). Therefore the gender imbalance is currently being ameliorated, but this
imbalance may have been reversed. Regardless, we plan to adopt a dual-anonymous
approach to proposal review to reduce the possibility of bias to occur.

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The categories of this paper are: cs
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
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The categories of this paper are: supr-con
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: q-bio