Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Increased methane emissions from deep osmotic and buoyant convection
  beneath submarine seeps as climate warms   High speeds have been measured at seep and mud-volcano sites expelling
methane-rich fluids from the seabed. Thermal or solute-driven convection alone
cannot explain such high velocities in low-permeability sediments. Here, we
demonstrate that in addition to buoyancy, osmotic effects generated by the
adsorption of methane onto the sediments can create large overpressures,
capable of recirculating seawater from the seafloor to depth in the sediment
layer, then expelling it upwards at rates of up to a few hundreds of metres per
year. In the presence of global warming, such deep recirculation of seawater
can accelerate the melting of methane hydrates at depth from timescales of
millennia to just decades, and can drastically increase the rate of release of
methane into the hydrosphere and perhaps the atmosphere.

22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
2
The categories of this paper are: math
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin