Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Schlieren study of a sonic jet injected into a supersonic cross flow
  using high-current pulsed LEDs   Benefiting from the development of increasingly advanced high speed cameras,
flow visualization and analysis nowadays yield detailed data of the flow field
in many applications. Notwithstanding this progress, for high speed and
supersonic flows it is still not trivial to capture high quality images. In
this study we present a Schlieren setup that uses pulsed LEDs with high
currents (up to 18 Ampere) to increase the optical output to sufficient levels.
The bright and short pulses, down to 130 nanoseconds, allow detailed and sharp
imaging of the flow with a high spatial resolution adequate for supersonic
flow. The pulse circuit and pulse width determination are explained in detail.
As a test case we studied the near field of a 2 mm diameter sonic jet injected
transversely into a supersonic cross flow. This is a model flow for fuel
injection in scramjet engines, which is not yet fully understood. Owing to the
high resolution and accuracy of the images produced by the newly developed
system we prove the existence of a large (density) gradient wave traveling in
the windward subsonic region between the Mach barrel and the bowshock, which
hitherto was observed only in some numerical studies but not yet shown in
experiments. Furthermore, we demonstrate with this Schlieren setup that
time-correlated images can be obtained, with an interframe time of 2
microseconds, so that also flow unsteadiness can be studied such as the
movement of shock waves and trajectories of vortices. The obtained results of
the jet penetration height are presented as a power law correlation. The
results of this study show that the designed setup using a low-cost LED and
low-cost control system is a high potential option for application in
visualization studies of high speed flows.

23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
2
The categories of this paper are: math