Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: The possible origin of the higher magnetic phase transition in
  RuSr2Eu1.5Ce0.5Cu2O10 (Ru-1222)   Two magnetic transitions are observed in the magneto-superconducting
RuEu2-xCexSr2Cu2O10 (Ru-1222), at TM 160 K and TM2~80 K. Below TM2 the Ru
moments are weak-ferromagnetically ordered and wide ferromagnetic hysteresis
loops are observed, they become narrow and disappear at ~ 60-70 K. Above TM2,
(i) small antiferromagnetic-like hysteresis loops reappear with a peak in the
coercive fields around 120 K. (ii) A small peak at ~120 K is also observed in
the dc and ac susceptibility curves. The two phenomena are absent in the non-SC
x=1 samples. For x<1, the decrease of the Ce4+ content, is compensated by
non-homogeneous oxygen depletion, which may induce a reduction of Ru5+ ions to
Ru4+. The higher ordering temperature, TM, which does not change with x, may
result from Ru4+ rich clusters, in which the Ru4+-Ru4+ exchange interactions
are stronger than the Ru5+-Ru5+ interactions. In the superconducting
Ru1-xMoxSr2Eu1.5Ce0.5Cu2O10 (x=0-0.4) system, TM2 shifts to low temperature
with x (14 K for x=0.4), whereas TM is not affected by the Mo content,
indicating again that TM may not correspond to the main phase. Two scenarios
are suggested to explain the magnetic phenomena at TM2<T< TM. (i) They are due
to a small fraction of nano-size islands inside the crystal grains, in which
the Ru4+ concentration is high and are magnetically ordered below TM. (ii) The
presence of nanoparticles of a foreign minor extra Ru4+ magnetic phase of
Sr-Cu-Ru-O3, which orders at TM, in which Cu is distributed inhomogeneously in
both the Ru and Sr sites

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The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: supr-con
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: eess
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The categories of this paper are: stat
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The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
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The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol