Instruct: Identify the main category of Biorxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Single cell genotyping of matched bone marrow and peripheral blood cells in treatment naive and AZA-treated MDS and CMML Progressively acquired somatic mutations in hematopoietic stem cells are central to pathogenesis in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). They can lead to proliferative advantages, impaired differentiation and progressive cytopenias. MDS or CMML patients with high-risk disease are treated with hypomethylating agents including 5-azacytidine (AZA). Clinical improvement does not require eradication of mutated cells and may be related to improved differentiation capacity of mutated hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). However, the contribution of mutated HSPCs to steadystate hematopoiesis in MDS and CMML is unclear. To address this, we characterised the somatic mutations of individual stem, progenitor (common myeloid progenitor, granulocyte monocyte progenitor, megakaryocyte erythroid progenitor), and matched circulating (monocyte, neutrophil, naive B cell) haematopoietic cells in treatment naive and AZA-treated MDS and CMML via high-throughput single cell genotyping. The mutational burden was similar across multiple hematopoietic cell types, and even the most mutated stem and progenitor clones maintained their capacity to differentiate to mature myeloid and, in some cases, lymphoid cell types in vivo. Our data show that even highly mutated HSPCs contribute significantly to circulating blood cells in MDS and CMML, prior to and following AZA treatment.

Key points* Highly mutated HSPCs contribute significantly to circulating blood cells in MDS and CMML, prior to and following AZA treatment.
* The mutational burden in matched bone marrow and peripheral blood cells in MDS and CMML was similar throughout myelopoiesis.
5
The categories of this paper are: cell
30
The categories of this paper are: scientific
10
The categories of this paper are: and
11
The categories of this paper are: cognition
21
The categories of this paper are: toxicology
12
The categories of this paper are: behavior
18
The categories of this paper are: systems
8
The categories of this paper are: genomics
0
The categories of this paper are: genetics
28
The categories of this paper are: communication
25
The categories of this paper are: bioengineering
16
The categories of this paper are: microbiology
3
The categories of this paper are: evolutionary
7
The categories of this paper are: ecology
13
The categories of this paper are: animal
6
The categories of this paper are: plant