Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Numerical Evaluation of Fragility Curves for
  Earthquake-Liquefaction-Induced Settlements of an Embankment   The major cause of earthquake damage to an embankment is the liquefaction of
the soil foundation that induces ground level deformations. It is well known
that the liquefaction appears when the soil loses its shear strength due to the
excess of pore water pressure. This phenomenon leads to several disastrous
damages of the soil foundation. The aim of this paper is to assess numerically
the effect of the liquefaction-induced settlement of the soil foundation on an
embankment due to 76 real earthquakes extracted from the PEER database. For
this purpose, a 2D finite element model of a dam founded on a layered soil/rock
profile was considered. An elastoplastic multi-mechanism model was used to
represent the soil behaviour. The crest settlement of the embankment was
selected as the quantifiable damage variable of the study. Fragility functions
were drawn to give the probability exceedance of some proposed damage levels as
function of a seismic severity parameter. In addition, the anisotropy was
tested by the change in the soil permeability and a comparison with the
isotropy was held. According to the results, the crest settlement increases
with the peak ground acceleration and the fragility functions showed that above
0.2g, the probability to have moderate damage in the anisotropic case reaches
unity whereas it is lesser in the isotropic case. The embankment will not show
serious damage for this same value of acceleration in the two cases.

13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org