Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Microchain: A Hybrid Consensus Mechanism for Lightweight Distributed
  Ledger for IoT   A blockchain and smart contract enabled security mechanism for IoT
applications has been reported recently for urban, financial, and network
services. However, due to the power-intensive and a low-throughput consensus
mechanism in existing blockchain, like Bitcoin and Ethereum, there are still
challenges in integrating blockchain technology into resource-constrained IoT
platforms. In this paper, Microchain, based on a hybrid Proof-of-Credit
(PoC)-Voting-based Chain Finality (VCF) consensus protocol, is proposed to
provide a secure, scalable and lightweight distributed ledger for IoT systems.
By using a bias-resistant randomness protocol and a cryptographic sortition
algorithm, a random subset of nodes are selected as a final committee to
perform the consensus protocol. The hybrid consensus mechanism relies on PoC, a
pure Proof of stake (PoS) protocol, to determine whether or not a participant
is qualified to propose a block, given a fair initial distribution of the
credit assignment. The voting-based chain finality protocol is responsible for
finalizing a history of blocks by resolving conflicting checkpoint and
selecting a unique chain. A proof-of-conception prototype is implemented and
tested on a physical network environment. The experimental results verify that
the Micorchain is able to offer a partially decentralized, scalable and
lightweight distributed ledger protocol for IoT applications.

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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
2
The categories of this paper are: math
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci