Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: A comparison of oscillatory characteristics in covert speech and speech
  perception   Covert speech, the silent production of words in the mind, has been studied
increasingly to understand and decode thoughts. This task has often been
compared to speech perception as it brings about similar topographical
activation patterns in common brain areas. In studies of speech comprehension,
neural oscillations are thought to play a key role in the sampling of speech at
varying temporal scales. However, very little is known about the role of
oscillations in covert speech. In this study, we aimed to determine to what
extent each oscillatory frequency band is used to process words in covert
speech and speech perception tasks. Secondly, we asked whether the {\theta} and
{\gamma} activity in the two tasks are related through phase-amplitude coupling
(PAC). First, continuous wavelet transform was performed on epoched signals and
subsequently two-tailed t-tests between two classes were conducted to determine
statistical distinctions in frequency and time. While the perception task
dynamically uses all frequencies with more prominent {\theta} and {\gamma}
activity, the covert task favoured higher frequencies with significantly higher
{\gamma} activity than perception. Moreover, the perception condition produced
significant {\theta}-{\gamma} PAC suggesting a linkage of syllabic and
phonological sampling. Although this was found to be suppressed in the covert
condition, we found significant pseudo-coupling between perception {\theta} and
covert speech {\gamma}. We report that covert speech processing is largely
conducted by higher frequencies, and that the {\gamma}- and {\theta}-bands may
function similarly and differently across tasks, respectively. This study is
the first to characterize covert speech in terms of neural oscillatory
engagement. Future studies are directed to explore oscillatory characteristics
and inter-task relationships with a more diverse vocabulary.

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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
2
The categories of this paper are: math
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn