Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Efficient nonparametric estimation of the covariate-adjusted
  threshold-response function, a support-restricted stochastic intervention   Identifying a biomarker or treatment-dose threshold that marks a specified
level of risk is an important problem, especially in clinical trials. This
risk, viewed as a function of thresholds and possibly adjusted for covariates,
we call the threshold-response function. Extending the work of Donovan, Hudgens
and Gilbert (2019), we propose a nonparametric efficient estimator for the
covariate-adjusted threshold-response function, which utilizes machine learning
and Targeted Minimum-Loss Estimation (TMLE). We additionally propose a more
general estimator, based on sequential regression, that also applies when there
is outcome missingness. We show that the threshold-response for a given
threshold may be viewed as the expected outcome under a stochastic intervention
where all participants are given a treatment dose above the threshold. We prove
the estimator is efficient and characterize its asymptotic distribution. A
method to construct simultaneous 95% confidence bands for the
threshold-response function and its inverse is given. Furthermore, we discuss
how to adjust our estimator when the treatment or biomarker is
missing-at-random, as is the case in clinical trials with biased sampling
designs, using inverse-probability-weighting. The methods are assessed in a
diverse set of simulation settings with rare outcomes and cumulative
case-control sampling. The methods are employed to estimate neutralizing
antibody thresholds for virologically confirmed dengue risk in the CYD14 and
CYD15 dengue vaccine trials.

37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys