Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: The Formation of Binaries   Binary stars produce an array of dramatic astrophysical phenomena. They allow
us to probe stellar structure, nuclear physics, and gravitational wave physics.
They also produce the powerful supernovae that allow us to measure the scale of
the universe. Despite their importance and ubiquity, many questions remain
unanswered as to how the star formation process produces the wide array of
stellar multiples that we observe. A complete model for binary formation
encompasses three main components. We must know: (1) the primordial population
of systems, (2) the influence of the dynamical processes that reshape this
distribution as stars form and natal clusters disperse, and (3) the role of
binary stellar evolution. In this article I review the most prominent theories
for binary formation: turbulent core fragmentation, disk fragmentation, and
competitive accretion. I argue that turbulent core fragmentation at all masses,
with disk fragmentation added in at the upper end of the mass spectrum, might
explain the trend towards increasing multiplicity for higher mass stars. In
addition, I provide a brief overview of the observational statistics and of
some of the important processes that modify the primordial distribution of
stellar orbits.

15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
2
The categories of this paper are: math
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg