Instruct: Identify the main category of Biorxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Ethanolamine phosphate on the second mannose as bridge in GPI anchored proteins: Towards understanding inherited PIGG deficiency Glycosylphosphatidylinositols (GPIs) are glycolipids that anchor many proteins (GPI-APs) on the cell surface. The core glycan of GPI precursor has three mannoses, which in mammals, are all modified by ethanolamine-phosphate (EthN-P). It is postulated that EthN-P on the third mannose (EthN-P-Man3) is the bridge between GPI to the protein and the second (EthN-P-Man2) is removed after GPI-protein attachment. However, EthN-P-Man2 may not be always transient, as mutations of PIGG, the enzyme that transfers EthN-P to Man2, result in inherited GPI deficiencies (IGDs), characterized by neuronal dysfunctions. Here, we show EthN-P on Man2 is the preferential bridge in some GPI-APs, among them, the ect-5-nucleotidase and netrin G2. We found that CD59, a GPI-AP, is attached via EthN-P-Man2 both in PIGB-knockout cells, in which GPI lacks Man3 and with a small fraction, in wild type cells. Our findings modify the current view of GPI anchoring and provide mechanistic bases of IGDs caused by PIGG mutations.
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The categories of this paper are: cell
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The categories of this paper are: paleontology
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The categories of this paper are: plant
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The categories of this paper are: pharmacology
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The categories of this paper are: ecology
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The categories of this paper are: biochemistry
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The categories of this paper are: education
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The categories of this paper are: epidemiology
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The categories of this paper are: animal
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The categories of this paper are: toxicology
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The categories of this paper are: immunology
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The categories of this paper are: biophysics
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The categories of this paper are: genomics
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The categories of this paper are: bioengineering
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The categories of this paper are: pathology
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The categories of this paper are: and