Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Kaons in dense matter, kaon production in heavy-ion collisions, and kaon
  condensation in neutron stars   The recent past witnesses the growing interdependence between the physics of
hadrons, the physics of relativistic heavy-ion collisions, and the physics of
compact objects in astrophysics. A notable example is the kaon which plays
special roles in all the three fields. In this paper, we first review the
various theoretical investigations of kaon properties in nuclear medium,
focusing on possible uncertainties in each model. We then present a detailed
transport model study of kaon production in heavy-ion collisions at SIS
energies. We shall discuss especially the elementary kaon and antikaon
production cross sections in hadron-hadron interactions, that represent one of
the most serious uncertainties in the transport model study of particle
production in heavy-ion collisions. The main purpose of such a study is to
constrain kaon in-medium properties from the heavy-ion data. This can provide
useful guidances for the development of theoretical models of the kaon in
medium. In the last part of the paper, we apply the kaon in-medium properties
extracted from heavy-ion data to the study of neutron star properties. Based on
a conventional equation of state of nuclear matter that can be considered as
one of the best constrained by available experimental data on finite nuclei, we
find that the maximum mass of neutron stars is about 2$M_\odot$, which is
reduced to about 1.5$M_\odot$ once kaon condensation as constrained by
heavy-ion data is introduced.

13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an