Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Astrophysical radio background cannot explain the EDGES 21-cm signal:
  constraints from cooling of non-thermal electrons   Recently the EDGES experiment has claimed the detection of an absorption
feature centered at 78 MHz. When interpreted as a signature of cosmic dawn,
this feature appears at the correct wavelength (corresponding to a redshift
range of $z\approx15-20$) but is larger by at least a factor of two in
amplitude compared to the standard 21-cm models. One way to explain the excess
radio absorption is by the enhancement of the diffuse radio background at $\nu
= 1.42$ GHz ($\lambda=21$ cm) in the rest frame of the absorbing neutral
hydrogen. Astrophysical scenarios, based on the acceleration of relativistic
electrons by accretion on to supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and by supernovae
(SN) from first stars, have been proposed to produce the enhanced radio
background via synchrotron emission. In this Letter we show that either the
synchrotron or the inverse-Compton (IC) cooling time for such electrons is at
least three orders of magnitude shorter than the duration of the EDGES signal
centered at $z \approx 17$, irrespective of the magnetic field strength. The
synchrotron radio emission at 1.42 GHz due to rapidly cooling electrons is
$\sim 10^3$ times smaller than the non-cooling estimate. Thus astrophysical
scenarios for excess radio background proposed to explain the EDGES signal
appear very unlikely.

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The categories of this paper are: stat
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph