Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Sensitivity of collective outcomes identifies pivotal components   A social system is susceptible to perturbation when its collective properties
depend sensitively on a few pivotal components. Using the information geometry
of minimal models from statistical physics, we develop an approach to identify
pivotal components to which coarse-grained, or aggregate, properties are
sensitive. As an example, we introduce our approach on a reduced toy model with
a median voter who always votes in the majority. The sensitivity of
majority-minority divisions to changing voter behaviour pinpoints the unique
role of the median. More generally, the sensitivity identifies pivotal
components that precisely determine collective outcomes generated by a complex
network of interactions. Using perturbations to target pivotal components in
the models, we analyse datasets from political voting, finance and Twitter.
Across these systems, we find remarkable variety, from systems dominated by a
median-like component to those whose components behave more equally. In the
context of political institutions such as courts or legislatures, our
methodology can help describe how changes in voters map to new collective
voting outcomes. For economic indices, differing system response reflects
varying fiscal conditions across time. Thus, our information-geometric approach
provides a principled, quantitative framework that may help assess the
robustness of collective outcomes to targeted perturbation and compare social
institutions, or even biological networks, with one another and across time.

10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: eess
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: nlin