Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Optimization of Flat to Round Transformers with Self-fields using
  Adjoint Techniques   A continuous system of moment equations is introduced that models the
transverse dynamics of a beam of charged particles as it passes through an
arbitrary lattice of quadrupoles and solenoids in the presence of self-fields.
Then, figures of merit are introduced specifying system characteristics to be
optimized. The resulting model is used to optimize the parameters of the
lattice elements of a flat to round transformer with self-fields, as could be
applied in electron cooling. Results are shown for a case of no self-fields and
two cases with self-fields. The optimization is based on a gradient descent
algorithm in which the gradient is calculated using adjoint methods that prove
to be very computationally efficient. Two figures of merit are studied and
compared: one emphasizing radial force balance in the solenoid, the other
emphasizing minimization of transverse beam energy in the solenoid.

4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
2
The categories of this paper are: math
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th