Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Universal simulation of Markovian quantum dynamics   Although the conditions for performing arbitrary unitary operations to
simulate the dynamics of a closed quantum system are well understood, the same
is not true of the more general class of quantum operations (also known as
superoperators) corresponding to the dynamics of open quantum systems. We
propose a framework for the generation of Markovian quantum dynamics and study
the resources needed for universality. For the case of a single qubit, we show
that a single nonunitary process is necessary and sufficient to generate all
unital Markovian quantum dynamics, whereas a set of processes parametrized by
one continuous parameter is needed in general. We also obtain preliminary
results for the unital case in higher dimensions.

3
The categories of this paper are: physics
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an