Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Squash root microbiome transplants and metagenomic inspection for in
  situ arid adaptations   Arid zones contain a diverse set of microbes capable of survival under dry
conditions, some of which can form relationships with plants under drought
stress conditions to improve plant health. We studied squash (Cucurbita pepo
L.) root microbiome under historically arid and humid sites, both in situ and
performing a common garden experiment. Plants were grown in soils from sites
with different drought levels, using in situ collected soils as the microbial
source. We described and analyzed bacterial diversity by 16S rRNA gene
sequencing (N=48) from the soil, rhizosphere, and endosphere. Proteobacteria
were the most abundant phylum present in humid and arid samples, while
Actinobacteriota abundance was higher in arid ones. The Beta-diversity analyses
showed split microbiomes between arid and humid microbiomes, and aridity and
soil pH levels could explain it. These differences between humid and arid
microbiomes were maintained in the common garden experiment, showing that it is
possible to transplant in situ diversity to the greenhouse. We detected a total
of 1009 bacterial genera; 199 exclusively associated with roots under arid
conditions. With shotgun metagenomic sequencing of rhizospheres (N=6), we
identified 2969 protein families in the squash core metagenome and found an
increased number of exclusively protein families from arid (924) than humid
samples (158). We found arid conditions enriched genes involved in protein
degradation and folding, oxidative stress, compatible solute synthesis, and ion
pumps associated with osmotic regulation. Plant phenotyping allowed us to
correlate bacterial communities with plant growth. Our study revealed that it
is possible to evaluate microbiome diversity ex-situ and identify critical
species and genes involved in plant-microbe interactions in historically arid
locations.

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The categories of this paper are: nlin
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: hep-th
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th