Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Impact of COVID-19 behavioral inertia on reopening strategies for New
  York City Transit   The COVID-19 pandemic has affected travel behaviors and transportation system
operations, and cities are grappling with what policies can be effective for a
phased reopening shaped by social distancing. A baseline model was previously
developed and calibrated for pre-COVID conditions as MATSim-NYC. A new COVID
model is calibrated that represents travel behavior during the COVID-19
pandemic by recalibrating the population agendas to include work-from-home and
re-estimating the mode choice model for MATSim-NYC to fit observed traffic and
transit ridership data. Assuming the change in behavior exhibits inertia during
reopening, we analyze the increase in car traffic due to the phased reopen plan
guided by the state government of New York. Four reopening phases and two
reopening scenarios (with and without transit capacity restrictions) are
analyzed. A Phase 4 reopening with 100% transit capacity may only see as much
as 73% of pre-COVID ridership and an increase in the number of car trips by as
much as 142% of pre-pandemic levels. Limiting transit capacity to 50% would
decrease transit ridership further from 73% to 64% while increasing car trips
to as much as 143% of pre-pandemic levels. While the increase appears small,
the impact on consumer surplus is disproportionately large due to already
increased traffic congestion. Many of the trips also get shifted to other modes
like micromobility. The findings imply that a transit capacity restriction
policy during reopening needs to be accompanied by (1) support for
micromobility modes, particularly in non-Manhattan boroughs, and (2) congestion
alleviation policies that focus on reducing traffic in Manhattan, such as
cordon-based pricing.

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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex