Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Deep Absorption Line Studies of Quiescent Galaxies at z~2: The Dynamical
  Mass-Size Relation, and First Constraints on the Fundamental plane   We present dynamical and structural scaling relations of quiescent galaxies
at z=2, including the dynamical mass-size relation and the first constraints on
the fundamental plane (FP). The backbone of the analysis is a new, very deep
VLT/X-shooter spectrum of a massive, compact, quiescent galaxy at z=2.0389. We
detect the continuum between 3700-22000A and several strong absorption features
(Balmer series, Ca H+K, G-band), from which we derive a stellar velocity
dispersion of 318 +/- 53 km/s. We perform detailed modeling of the continuum
emission and line indices and derive strong simultaneous constraints on the
age, metallicity, and stellar mass. The galaxy is a dusty (A_V=0.77
(+0.36,-0.32)) solar metallicity (log(Z/Zsun) = 0.02 (+0.20,-0.41)) post
starburst galaxy, with a mean luminosity weighted log(age/yr) of 8.9 +/- 0.1.
The galaxy formed the majority of its stars at z>3 and currently has little or
no ongoing star formation. We compile a sample of three other z~2 quiescent
galaxies with measured velocity dispersions, two of which are also post
starburst like. Their dynamical mass-size relation is offset significantly less
than the stellar mass-size relation from the local early type relations, which
we attribute to a lower central dark matter fraction. Recent cosmological
merger simulations qualitatively agree with the data, but can not fully account
for the evolution in the dark matter fraction. The z~2 FP requires additional
evolution beyond passive stellar aging, to be in agreement with the local FP.
The structural evolution predicted by the cosmological simulations is
insufficient, suggesting that additional, possibly non-homologous structural
evolution is needed.

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The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
2
The categories of this paper are: math
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
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The categories of this paper are: nlin
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex