Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: De-localizing brittle fracture   Extreme localization of damage in conventional brittle materials is the
source of a host of undesirable effects. We show how artificially engineered
metamaterials with all brittle constituents can be designed to ensure that
every breakable sub-element fails independently. The main role in the proposed
design is played by high contrast composite sub-structure with zero-stiffness,
furnishing nonlocal stress redistribution. The ability to de-localize cracking
in such nominally brittle systems is revealed by the fact that their continuum
description is dominated by the gradient (bending) rather than classical
(stretching) elasticity. By engineering a crossover from brittle to effectively
ductile (quasi-brittle) behavior in prototypical systems of this type, we
reveal the structural underpinning behind the difference between fracture and
damage.

3
The categories of this paper are: physics
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an