Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Fluctuation Effects on the Quadrupolar Ordering in Magnetic Field   Effects of magnetic field on the quadrupolar ordering are investigated with
inclusion of fluctuation of order parameters. For the simplest model with the
nearest-neighbor quadrupolar interaction, the transition temperature and the
specific heat are derived by the use of the recently proposed effective medium
theory. It is shown that magnetic field H has two competing effects on the
quadrupolar ordering; one is to encourage the ordering by suppressing the
fluctuation among different components of order parameters, and the other is to
block the ordering as in antiferromagnets. The former is found to be of order
H^2 and the latter of order H^4. Hence the fluctuation is suppressed for weak
fields, and the transition temperature increases with magnetic field. The
fluctuation effect is so strong that the entropy released at the quadrupolar
ordering is only about half of the full value ln 4 even without the Kondo
effect.

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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
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The categories of this paper are: eess
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
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The categories of this paper are: supr-con
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The categories of this paper are: nlin
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: physics