Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Programming a quantum computer with quantum instructions   The equivalence between the instructions used to define programs and the
input data on which the instructions operate is a basic principle of classical
computer architectures and programming. Replacing classical data with quantum
states enables fundamentally new computational capabilities with scaling
advantages for many applications, and numerous models have been proposed for
realizing quantum computation. However, within each of these models, the
quantum data are transformed by a set of gates that are compiled using solely
classical information. Conventional quantum computing models thus break the
instruction-data symmetry: classical instructions and quantum data are not
directly interchangeable. In this work, we use a density matrix exponentiation
protocol to execute quantum instructions on quantum data. In this approach, a
fixed sequence of classically-defined gates performs an operation that uniquely
depends on an auxiliary quantum instruction state. Our demonstration relies on
a 99.7% fidelity controlled-phase gate implemented using two tunable
superconducting transmon qubits, which enables an algorithmic fidelity
surpassing 90% at circuit depths exceeding 70. The utilization of quantum
instructions obviates the need for costly tomographic state reconstruction and
recompilation, thereby enabling exponential speedup for a broad range of
algorithms, including quantum principal component analysis, the measurement of
entanglement spectra, and universal quantum emulation.

26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci