Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Robust Causal Inference of Drug-drug Interactions   There is growing interest in developing causal inference methods for
multi-valued treatments with a focus on pairwise average treatment effects.
Here we focus on a clinically important, yet less-studied estimand: causal
drug-drug interactions (DDIs), quantified by the change of the causal effect of
drug $A$ when switching drug $B$ status from "off" to "on". Control of
confounding by measured variables when studying the effects of DDIs can be
accomplished via inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW), a standard
approach to confounding adjustment, originally developed for binary treatments
and later generalized to multi-valued treatments. However, this approach
generally results in biased results when the propensity score model is
misspecified. Motivated by the need for more robust techniques, we propose two
empirical likelihood-based weighting approaches that allow for specifying a set
of propensity score models, with the second method balancing user-specified
covariates directly, by incorporating additional, nonparametric constraints.
The resulting estimators from both methods are consistent when the postulated
set of propensity score models contains a correct one; this property has been
termed multiple robustness. In this paper, we derive two multiply-robust
estimators of the causal DDI, and develop inference procedures. We then
evaluate the finite sample performance of the proposed estimators through
simulation. In doing so, we demonstrate that the proposed estimators outperform
the standard IPTW method in terms of both robustness and efficiency. Finally,
we apply the proposed method to evaluate the impact of renin-angiotensin system
inhibitors (RAS-I) on the comparative nephrotoxicity of nonsteroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) and opioids, using data derived from electronic
medical records from a large multi-hospital health system.

3
The categories of this paper are: physics
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg