Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Average stresses and force fluctuations in non-cohesive granular
  materials   A lattice model is presented for investigating the fluctuations in static
granular materials under gravitationally induced stress. The model is similar
in spirit to the scalar q-model of Coppersmith et al., but ensures balance of
all components of forces and torques at each site. The geometric randomness in
real granular materials is modeled by choosing random variables at each site,
consistent with the assumption of cohesionless grains. Configurations of the
model can be generated rapidly, allowing the statistical study of relatively
large systems. For a 2D system with rough walls, the model generates
configurations consistent with continuum theories for the average stresses
(unlike the q-model) without requiring the assumption of a constitutive
relation. For a 2D system with periodic boundary conditions, the model
generates single-grain force distributions similar to those obtained from the
q-model with a singular distribution of q's.

11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
2
The categories of this paper are: math
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
1
The categories of this paper are: cs