Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: On the use of scaling relations for the Tolman test   The use of relations between structural parameters of early type galaxies to
perform the Tolman test is reconsidered. Scaling relations such as the FP or
the Kormendy relation, require the transformation from angular to metric sizes,
to compare the relation at different z values. This transformation depends on
the assumed world model: galaxies of a given angular size, at a given z, are
larger (in kpc) in a non-expanding universe than in an expanding one.
Furthermore, the luminosities of galaxies are expected to evolve with z in an
expanding model. These effects are shown to conspire to reduce the difference
between the predicted SB change with redshift in the expanding and non
expanding cases. We find that the predictions for the visible photometric bands
of the expanding models with passive luminosity evolution are very similar to
those of the static model till z about 1, and therefore, the test cannot
distinguish between the two world models. Recent good quality data are
consistent with the predictions from both models. In the K-band, where the
expected (model) luminosity evolutionary corrections are smaller, the
differences between the xpanding and static models amount to about 0.4 (0.8)
magnitudes at z = 0.4 (1). It is shown that, due to that small difference
between the predictions in the covered z-range, and to the paucity and
uncertainties of the relevant SB photometry, the existing K-band data is not
adequate to distinguish between the different world metrics, and cannot be yet
used to discard the static case. It is pointed out that the scaling relations
could still be used to rule out the non-evolving case if it could be shown that
the coefficients change with the redshift.

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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: stat
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: eess
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: nlin
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph