Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Spatial Distribution of Element Abundances and Ionization States in
  Solar Energetic-Particle Events   We have studied the spatial and temporal distribution of abundances of
chemical elements in large "gradual" solar energetic-particle (SEP) events, and
especially the source plasma temperatures, derived from those abundances, using
measurements from the Wind and Solar TErestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO)
spacecraft, widely separated in solar longitude. A power-law relationship
between abundance enhancements and mass-to-charge ratios [A/Q] of the ions can
be used to determine Q-values and source plasma temperatures at remote
spacecraft with instruments that were not designed for charge-state
measurements. We search for possible source variations along the accelerating
shock wave, finding one clear case where the accelerating shock wave appears to
dispatch ions from 3.2+-0.8 MK plasma toward one spacecraft and those from
1.6+-0.2 MK plasma toward another, 116 deg away. The difference persists three
days and then fades away. Three other SEP events show less-extreme variation in
source temperatures at different spacecraft, in one case observed over 222 deg
in longitude. This initial study shows how the power-law relation between
abundance enhancements and ion A/Q-values pro-vides a new technique to
determine Q and plasma temperatures in the seed population of SEP ions over a
broad region of space using remote spacecraft with instruments that were not
originally designed for measurements of ionization states.

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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
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The categories of this paper are: nlin
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The categories of this paper are: q-bio
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The categories of this paper are: eess
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: cs
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The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th