Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Hierarchy and equivalence of multi-letter quantum finite automata   Multi-letter {\it quantum finite automata} (QFAs) were a new one-way QFA
model proposed recently by Belovs, Rosmanis, and Smotrovs (LNCS, Vol. 4588,
Springer, Berlin, 2007, pp. 60-71), and they showed that multi-letter QFAs can
accept with no error some regular languages ($(a+b)^{*}b$) that are
unacceptable by the one-way QFAs. In this paper, we continue to study
multi-letter QFAs. We mainly focus on two issues: (1) we show that
$(k+1)$-letter QFAs are computationally more powerful than $k$-letter QFAs,
that is, $(k+1)$-letter QFAs can accept some regular languages that are
unacceptable by any $k$-letter QFA. A comparison with the one-way QFAs is made
by some examples; (2) we prove that a $k_{1}$-letter QFA ${\cal A}_1$ and
another $k_{2}$-letter QFA ${\cal A}_2$ are equivalent if and only if they are
$(n_{1}+n_{2})^{4}+k-1$-equivalent, and the time complexity of determining the
equivalence of two multi-letter QFAs using this method is
$O(n^{12}+k^{2}n^{4}+kn^{8})$, where $n_{1}$ and $n_{2}$ are the numbers of
states of ${\cal A}_{1}$ and ${\cal A}_{2}$, respectively, and
$k=\max(k_{1},k_{2})$. Some other issues are addressed for further
consideration.

31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph