Instruct: Identify the main category of Biorxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Distributed network processes account for the majority of variance in localized visual category selectivity In seeking to understand processes fundamental to brain function, the debate between localized versus distributed processing has persisted for over a century. High category selectivity of some visual regions has provided evidence for localized (within-region) processing. However, given recent evidence that distributed connectivity patterns are predictive of localized task-evoked activations, we hypothesized that even highly localized category-selective brain activations are primarily determined by the connectivity-specified convergence of distributed brain processes. Consistent with this, we utilized fMRI data from N=352 human participants to find that distributed activity flow processes (specified by each regions unique "connectivity fingerprint") locally converge on visual cortex regions to confer the majority contribution to visual category selective responses to bodies, faces, places, and tools. This highlights a prominent role for functional network organization in the generation of localized visual category selectivity and provides evidence for a distributed convergence account of localized functionality in the human brain.

Significance StatementA fundamental debate in neuroscience has persisted for over a century with strong evidence on both sides: to what extent do localized versus distributed processes drive brain function? The existence of category-selective regions within the visual cortex provides some of the clearest evidence supporting localized processing, wherein specialized functions (e.g., category selectivity to faces) are primarily generated by within-region processes. This localized account has been countered by the identification of distributed visual cortex category selectivity in the absence of category-selective regions. Here we provide groundwork evidence for a theory of distributed convergence, demonstrating that localized visual-category-selective responses can be accurately generated via distributed activity flow processes. These predictions were generated via each category-selective regions unique connectivity fingerprint, demonstrating that the human brains distributed network architecture is sufficient to generate category selectivity in visual cortex regions that were historically seen as evidence for a primarily local account.
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The categories of this paper are: molecular
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The categories of this paper are: cell
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The categories of this paper are: biology
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The categories of this paper are: communication
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The categories of this paper are: microbiology
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The categories of this paper are: cancer
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The categories of this paper are: toxicology
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The categories of this paper are: bioinformatics
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The categories of this paper are: physiology
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The categories of this paper are: education
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The categories of this paper are: biochemistry
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The categories of this paper are: behavior
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The categories of this paper are: paleontology
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The categories of this paper are: bioengineering
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The categories of this paper are: pharmacology
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The categories of this paper are: epidemiology