Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Non-Markovian property of afterpulsing effect in single-photon avalanche
  detector   The single-photon avalanche photodiode(SPAD) has been widely used in research
on quantum optics. The afterpulsing effect, which is an intrinsic character of
SPAD, affects the system performance in most experiments and needs to be
carefully handled. For a long time, afterpulsing has been presumed to be
determined by the pre-ignition avalanche. We studied the afterpulsing effect of
a commercial InGaAs/InP SPAD (The avalanche photodiode model is: Princeton
Lightwave PGA-300) and demonstrated that its afterpulsing is non-Markovian,
with a memory effect in the avalanching history. Theoretical analysis and
experimental results clearly indicate that the embodiment of this memory effect
is the afterpulsing probability, which increases as the number of
ignition-avalanche pulses increase. This conclusion makes the principle of the
afterpulsing effect clearer and is instructive to the manufacturing processes
and afterpulsing evaluation of high-count-rate SPADs. It can also be regarded
as a fundamental premise to handle the afterpulsing signals in many
applications, such as quantum communication and quantum random number
generation.

9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
2
The categories of this paper are: math
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph