Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Probing the evolution of the near-IR luminosity function of galaxies to
  z ~ 3 in the Hubble Deep Field South   [Abridged] We present the rest-frame Js-band and Ks-band luminosity function
of a sample of about 300 galaxies selected in the HDF-S at Ks<23 (Vega). We use
calibrated photometric redshift together with spectroscopic redshift for 25% of
the sample. The sample has allowed to probe the evolution of the LF in the
three redshift bins [0;0.8), [0.8;1.9) and [1.9;4) centered at the median
redshift z_m ~ [0.6,1.2,3]. The values of alpha we estimate are consistent with
the local value and do not show any trend with redshift. We do not see evidence
of evolution from z=0 to z_m ~ 0.6 suggesting that the population of local
bright galaxies was already formed at z<0.8. On the contrary, we clearly detect
an evolution of the LF to z_m ~ 1.2 characterized by a brightening of M* and by
a decline of phi*. To z_m ~ 1.2 M* brightens by about 0.4-0.6 mag and phi*
decreases by a factor 2-3. This trend persists, even if at a less extent, down
to z_m ~ 3 both in the Js-band and in the Ks-band LF. The decline of the number
density of bright galaxies seen at z>0.8 suggests that a significant fraction
of them increases their stellar mass at 1<z<2-3 and that they underwent a
strong evolution in this redshift range. On the other hand, this implies also
that a significant fraction of local bright/massive galaxies was already in
place at z>3. Thus, our results suggest that the assembly of high-mass galaxies
is spread over a large redshift range and that the increase of their stellar
mass has been very efficient also at very high redshift at least for a fraction
of them.

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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: cs
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
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The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
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The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: eess
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The categories of this paper are: q-bio
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex