Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Fairness Testing: Testing Software for Discrimination   This paper defines software fairness and discrimination and develops a
testing-based method for measuring if and how much software discriminates,
focusing on causality in discriminatory behavior. Evidence of software
discrimination has been found in modern software systems that recommend
criminal sentences, grant access to financial products, and determine who is
allowed to participate in promotions. Our approach, Themis, generates efficient
test suites to measure discrimination. Given a schema describing valid system
inputs, Themis generates discrimination tests automatically and does not
require an oracle. We evaluate Themis on 20 software systems, 12 of which come
from prior work with explicit focus on avoiding discrimination. We find that
(1) Themis is effective at discovering software discrimination, (2)
state-of-the-art techniques for removing discrimination from algorithms fail in
many situations, at times discriminating against as much as 98% of an input
subdomain, (3) Themis optimizations are effective at producing efficient test
suites for measuring discrimination, and (4) Themis is more efficient on
systems that exhibit more discrimination. We thus demonstrate that fairness
testing is a critical aspect of the software development cycle in domains with
possible discrimination and provide initial tools for measuring software
discrimination.

20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph