Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: A precise relationship among Buller's drop, ballistospore and gill
  morphology enables maximal packing of spores within gilled mushrooms   Basidiomycete fungi eject spores using a surface tension catapult; a fluid
drop forms at the base of each spore and after reaching a critical size,
coalesces with the spore and launches it from the gill surface. Although
basidiomycetes function within ecosystems as both devastating pathogens and
mutualists critical to plant growth, an incomplete understanding of
ballistospory hinders predictions of spore dispersal and impedes disease
forecasting and conservation strategies. Building on a nascent understanding of
the physics underpinning the surface tension catapult, we first use the
principle of energy conservation to identify ejection velocities resulting from
a range of Buller's drop and spore sizes. We next model a spore's trajectory
away from a basidium and identify a specific relationship among intergill
distances and Buller's drop and spore radii enabling the maximum number of
spores to be packaged within a minimum amount of gill tissue. We collect data
of spore and gill morphology in wild mushrooms and we find that real species
lie in a region where, in order to pack the maximum number of spores with
minimum amount of biomass, the volume of Buller's drop should scale as the
volume of the spore, and its linear size should be about half of spore size.
Previously published data of Buller's drop and spore size confirm this finding.
Our results suggest that the radius of Buller's drop is tightly regulated to
enable maximum packing of spores.

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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: supr-con
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
2
The categories of this paper are: math