Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Financial heat machine   We consider dynamics of financial markets as dynamics of expectations and
discuss such a dynamics from the point of view of phenomenological
thermodynamics. We describe a financial Carnot cycle and the financial analogue
of a heat machine. We see, that while in physics a perpetuum mobile is
absolutely impossible, in economics such mobile may exist under some
conditions. Our thermodynamical model for the financial market induces a rather
unusual interpretation of the role of financial crises. In contrast to the
common point of view, in our model financial crises play a crucial role in
functioning of the modern financial market. This is an important (concluding)
stage of any financial cycle that is analogous to the stage of cooling in the
ordinary Carnot cycle. A financial cycle could not be completed without such a
stage as well as the ordinary Carnot cycle. Thus, in spite its destructive (at
the first sight) consequences the stage or financial crises is as well
important as the stage of "boiling of the financial market" ("heating of
expectations")

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The categories of this paper are: supr-con
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: eess
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The categories of this paper are: nlin
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: stat
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: gr-qc