Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Provenance of the Cross Sign of 806 in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: A
  possible Lunar Halo over Continental Europe?   While graphical records of astronomical/meteorological events before
telescopic observations are of particular interest, they have frequently
undergone multiple copying and may have been modified from the original. Here,
we analyze a graphical record of the cross-sign of 806 CE in the Anglo-Saxon
Chronicle, which has been considered one of the earliest datable halo drawings
in British records, whereas another cross-sign in 776 CE has been associated
with the aurora. However, philological studies have revealed the later 806
event is derived from Continental annals. Here, records and drawings for the
806 event have been philologically traced back to mid-9th Century Continental
manuscripts and the probable observational site identified as the area of Sens
in northern France. The possible lunar halos at that time have been
comprehensively examined by numerical ray tracing. Combined with calculations
of twilight sky brightness, they identify a visibility window supporting
monastic observation. Cruciform halos are shown to be fainter and rarer than
brighter and more commonplace lunar halos. Physically credible cloud ice
crystal variations can reproduce all the manuscript renditions. The manuscript
records prove less than desirable detail but what is presented is fully
consistent with a lunar halo interpretation. Finally, the possible societal
impacts of such celestial events have been mentioned in the context of
contemporary coins in Anglo-Saxon England and the Carolingian Empire. These
analyses show that we need to trace their provenance back as far as possible,
to best reconstruct the original event, even if graphical records are available
for given astronomical/meteorological events.

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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
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The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
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The categories of this paper are: eess