Instruct: Identify the main category of Biorxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: A human antibody reveals a conserved site on beta-coronavirus spike proteins and confers protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) to coronaviruses (CoVs) are valuable in their own right as prophylactic and therapeutic reagents to treat diverse CoVs and, importantly, as templates for rational pan-CoV vaccine design. We recently described a bnAb, CC40.8, from a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-convalescent donor that exhibits broad reactivity with human beta-coronaviruses ({beta}-CoVs). Here, we showed that CC40.8 targets the conserved S2 stem-helix region of the coronavirus spike fusion machinery. We determined a crystal structure of CC40.8 Fab with a SARS-CoV-2 S2 stem-peptide at 1.6 [A] resolution and found that the peptide adopted a mainly helical structure. Conserved residues in {beta}-CoVs interacted with CC40.8 antibody, thereby providing a molecular basis for its broad reactivity. CC40.8 exhibited in vivo protective efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 challenge in two animal models. In both models, CC40.8-treated animals exhibited less weight loss and reduced lung viral titers compared to controls. Furthermore, we noted CC40.8-like bnAbs are relatively rare in human COVID-19 infection and therefore their elicitation may require rational structure-based vaccine design strategies. Overall, our study describes a target on {beta}-CoV spike proteins for protective antibodies that may facilitate the development of pan-{beta}-CoV vaccines.

SUMMARYA human mAb isolated from a COVID-19 donor defines a protective cross-neutralizing epitope for pan-{beta}-CoV vaccine design strategies
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The categories of this paper are: physiology
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The categories of this paper are: neuroscience
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The categories of this paper are: cancer
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The categories of this paper are: communication
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The categories of this paper are: ecology
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The categories of this paper are: paleontology
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The categories of this paper are: molecular
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The categories of this paper are: systems
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The categories of this paper are: cell
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The categories of this paper are: animal
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The categories of this paper are: evolutionary
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The categories of this paper are: biochemistry
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The categories of this paper are: developmental
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The categories of this paper are: education
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The categories of this paper are: synthetic
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The categories of this paper are: pharmacology