Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Nonequilibrium sensing and its analogy to kinetic proofreading   For a paradigmatic model of chemotaxis, we analyze the effect how a nonzero
affinity driving receptors out of equilibrium affects sensitivity. This
affinity arises whenever changes in receptor activity involve ATP hydrolysis.
The sensitivity integrated over a ligand concentration range is shown to be
enhanced by the affinity, providing a measure of how much energy consumption
improves sensing. With this integrated sensitivity we can establish an
intriguing analogy between sensing with nonequilibrium receptors and kinetic
proofreading: the increase in integrated sensitivity is equivalent to the
decrease of the error in kinetic proofreading. The influence of the occupancy
of the receptor on the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation reaction rates is
shown to be crucial for the relation between integrated sensitivity and
affinity. This influence can even lead to a regime where a nonzero affinity
decreases the integrated sensitivity, which corresponds to anti-proofreading.

2
The categories of this paper are: math
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con