Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Photovoltaic effect generated by spin-orbit interactions   An AC electric field applied to a junction comprising two spin-orbit coupled
weak links connecting a quantum dot to two electronic terminals is proposed to
induce a DC current and to generate a voltage drop over the junction if it is a
part of an open circuit. This photovoltaic effect requires a junction in which
mirror reflection-symmetry is broken. Its origin lies in the different fashion
inelastic processes modify the reflection of electrons from the junction back
into the two terminals, which leads to uncompensated DC transport. The effect
can be detected by measuring the voltage drop that is built up due to that DC
current. This voltage is an even function of the frequency of the AC electric
field and is {\em not} related to quantum pumping.

37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph