Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: On the invariant quantities in an entropy balance and their impact on
  the stability of some physical systems   In a wide class of physical systems, diffeomorphisms in the state space leave
the amount of entropy produced per unit time inside the bulk of the system
unaffected [M. Polettini et al., 12th Joint European Thermodynamics Conference,
Brescia, Italy, July 1-5, 2013]. This invariance implies that if relaxation
towards some final ('relaxed') state occurs, then the necessary condition for
the stability of the relaxed state against slowly evolving perturbations is the
same for all the systems of this class, regardless of both detailed dynamics of
the system, amplitude of fluctuations around mean values and possible
occurrence of periodic oscillations in the relaxed state. Our discussion
invokes no Onsager symmetry, no detailed model of heat transport and
production, and no approximation of local thermodynamic equilibrium. This
necessary condition of stability is the constrained minimization of time- and
path-ensemble-averaged amount of entropy produced per unit time inside the bulk
of the system; for each system, constraints are provided by the equations of
motion. (Thermodynamic equilibrium corresponds to identically vanishing amount
of entropy produced in the bulk, and satisfies trivially this condition). Our
class of physical systems includes both macroscopic and mesoscopic systems: the
problems of stability of these systems are dual to each other. As particular
cases, we retrieve some necessary criteria for stability of relaxed states
available in the literature concerning current filaments and plasmoids in a
Dense Plasma Focus, flashing ratchets, Brownian motors and dynamo-affected,
convection-ruled shells of Sun-like rotating stars - in the latter case, for
example, we retrieve the scaling of the average magnetic field to the
reciprocal of Rossby number. Finally, we argue that the validity of the popular
"maximum entropy production principle" is questionable in these systems.

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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: supr-con
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
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The categories of this paper are: cs
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The categories of this paper are: q-bio
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex