Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Long-term optical monitoring of the solar atmosphere in Italy   Probably, the long-term monitoring of the solar atmosphere started in Italy
with the first telescopic observations of the Sun made by Galileo Galilei in
the early $17^{\mathrm{th}}$ century. His recorded observations and science
results, as well as the work carried out by other following outstanding Italian
astronomers inspired the start of institutional programs of regular solar
observations at the Arcetri, Catania, and Rome Observatories. These programs
have accumulated daily images of the solar photosphere and chromosphere taken
at various spectral bands over a time span greater than 80 years. In the last
two decades, regular solar observations were continued with digital cameras
only at the Catania and Rome Observatories, which are now part of the INAF
National Institute for Astrophysics. At the two sites, daily solar images are
taken at the photospheric G-band, Blue ($\lambda=409.4$ nm), and Red
($\lambda=606.9$ nm) continua spectral ranges and at the chromospheric Ca II K
and H$\alpha$ lines, with a $2^{\prime\prime}$ spatial resolution. Solar
observation in Italy, which benefits from over 2500 hours of yearly sunshine,
currently aims at the operational monitoring of solar activity and long-term
variability and at the continuation of the historical series as well. Existing
instruments will be soon enriched by the SAMM double channel telescope equipped
with magneto-optical filters that will enable the tomography of the solar
atmosphere with simultaneous observations at the K I 769.9 nm and Na I D 589.0
nm lines. In this contribution, we present the available observations and
outline their scientific relevance.

13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: nlin
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: q-bio