Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Cosmological variation of deuteron binding energy, strong interaction
  and quark masses from big bang nucleosynthesis   We use Big Bang Nucleosynthesis calculations and light element abundance data
to constrain the relative variation of the deuteron binding energy since the
universe was a few minutes old, $\delta Q = Q(BBN)-Q(present)$. Two approaches
are used, first treating the baryon to photon ratio, $\eta$, as a free
parameter, but with the additional freedom of varying $\delta Q$, and second
using the WMAP value of $\eta$ and solving only for $\delta Q$. Including
varying $Q$ yields a better fit to the observational data than imposing the
present day value, rectifying the discrepancy between the $^4He$ abundance and
the deuterium and $^7Li$ abundances, {\it and} yields good agreement with the
independently determined $\eta_{WMAP}$. The minimal deviation consistent with
the data is significant at about the 4-$\sigma$ level; $\delta Q/Q= -0.019 \pm
0.005$. If the primordial $^4$He abundance lies towards the low end of values
in the literature, this deviation is even larger and more statistically
significant. Taking the light element abundance data at face-value, our result
may be interpreted as variation of the dimensionless ratio
$X=m_s/\Lambda_{QCD}$ of the strange quark mass and strong scale: $\delta
X/X=(1.1 \pm 0.3) \times 10^{-3}$. These results provide a strong motivation
for a more thorough exploration of the potential systematic errors in the light
element abundance data.

18
The categories of this paper are: econ
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin