Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Predicting the outcome of roulette   There have been several popular reports of various groups exploiting the
deterministic nature of the game of roulette for profit. Moreover, through its
history the inherent determinism in the game of roulette has attracted the
attention of many luminaries of chaos theory. In this paper we provide a short
review of that history and then set out to determine to what extent that
determinism can really be exploited for profit. To do this, we provide a very
simple model for the motion of a roulette wheel and ball and demonstrate that
knowledge of initial position, velocity and acceleration is sufficient to
predict the outcome with adequate certainty to achieve a positive expected
return. We describe two physically realisable systems to obtain this knowledge
both incognito and {\em in situ}. The first system relies only on a mechanical
count of rotation of the ball and the wheel to measure the relevant parameters.
By applying this techniques to a standard casino-grade European roulette wheel
we demonstrate an expected return of at least 18%, well above the -2.7%
expected of a random bet. With a more sophisticated, albeit more intrusive,
system (mounting a digital camera above the wheel) we demonstrate a range of
systematic and statistically significant biases which can be exploited to
provide an improved guess of the outcome. Finally, our analysis demonstrates
that even a very slight slant in the roulette table leads to a very pronounced
bias which could be further exploited to substantially enhance returns.

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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
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The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: supr-con