Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: How is density compensation created in the ocean mixed layer?   This study examines the impact of turbulent mixing on horizontal density
compensation in the upper ocean. A series of simulations model the role of
mixing in scenarios initialized with geostrophically-adjusted compensated and
uncompensated thermohaline gradients. Numerical experiments isolate the
influence of mixing on these gradients using idealized conditions with zero
surface heat and momentum flux. Prompted by theoretical considerations and
observed consequences of mixing, a new non-linear horizontal diffusion scheme
is introduced as an alternative to the standard Laplacian diffusion. Results
suggest that when horizontal mixing is parameterized using constant
diffusivities, horizontal density compensation is substantially unchanged as
the gradients erode. Simulations using the new scheme, which parameterizes
mixing with horizontal diffusivities scaled by squared buoyancy gradient,
suggest that horizontal mixing can produce compensated gradients during this
decay, but only at scales of 10 km and less. Reducing vertical mixing to small
background values has a similar effect, increasing the degree of compensation
at submesoscales. Reproducing observed compensated thermohaline variability in
the mixed layer at scales greater than 10 km requires external forcing. These
results show important influences of mixing on density compensation within the
ageostrophic submesoscale regime. In the transition from a horizontally
compensated mixed layer to a partially compensated thermocline, advection must
play an important role; mixing alone is insufficient.

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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: q-bio
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The categories of this paper are: nlin
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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol