Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Copepods encounter rates from a model of escape jump behaviour in
  turbulence   A key ecological parameter for planktonic copepods studies is their
interspecies encounter rate which is driven by their behaviour and is strongly
influenced by turbulence of the surrounding environment. A distinctive feature
of copepods motility is their ability to perform quick displacements, often
dubbed jumps, by means of powerful swimming strokes. Such a reaction has been
associated to an escape behaviour from flow disturbances due to predators or
other external dangers. In the present study, the encounter rate of copepods in
a developed turbulent flow with intensity comparable to the one found in
copepods' habitat is numerically investigated. This is done by means of a
Lagrangian copepod (LC) model that mimics the jump escape reaction behaviour
from localised high-shear rate fluctuations in the turbulent flows. Our
analysis shows that the encounter rate for copepods of typical perception
radius of ~ {\eta}, where {\eta} is the dissipative scale of turbulence, can be
increased by a factor up to ~ 100 compared to the one experienced by passively
transported fluid tracers. Furthermore, we address the effect of introducing in
the LC model a minimal waiting time between consecutive jumps. It is shown that
any encounter-rate enhancement is lost if such time goes beyond the dissipative
time-scale of turbulence, {\tau}_{\eta}. Because typically in the ocean {\eta}
~ 0.001m and {\tau}_{\eta} ~ 1s, this provides stringent constraints on the
turbulent-driven enhancement of encounter-rate due to a purely mechanical
induced escape reaction.

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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
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The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: supr-con
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: eess
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The categories of this paper are: nlin
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org