Instruct: Identify the main category of Biorxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Population genomics of ancient and modern Trichuris trichiura The neglected tropical disease trichuriasis is caused by the whipworm Trichuris trichiura, a soil-transmitted helminth that has infected humans for millennia. Today, T. trichiura infects as many as 500 million people, predominantly in communities with poor sanitary infrastructure enabling sustained faecal-oral transmission. Using whole-genome sequencing of geographically distributed worms collected from human and other primate hosts, together with ancient samples preserved in archaeologically-defined latrines and deposits dated up to one thousand years old, we present the first population genomics study of T. trichiura. We describe the continent-scale genetic structure between whipworms infecting humans and baboons relative to those infecting other primates. Admixture and population demographic analyses support a stepwise distribution of genetic variation that is highest in Uganda, consistent with an African origin and subsequent translocation with human migration. Finally, genome-wide analyses between human samples and between human and non-human primate samples reveal local regions of genetic differentiation between geographically distinct populations. These data provide insight into zoonotic reservoirs of human-infective T. trichiura and will support future efforts toward the implementation of genomic epidemiology of this globally important helminth.
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The categories of this paper are: pharmacology
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The categories of this paper are: systems
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The categories of this paper are: bioengineering
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The categories of this paper are: cell
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The categories of this paper are: bioinformatics
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The categories of this paper are: zoology
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The categories of this paper are: biology
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The categories of this paper are: neuroscience
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The categories of this paper are: scientific
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The categories of this paper are: developmental
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The categories of this paper are: behavior
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The categories of this paper are: ecology
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The categories of this paper are: cancer
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The categories of this paper are: microbiology
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The categories of this paper are: molecular
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The categories of this paper are: evolutionary