Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Leakage detection for a transmon-based surface code   Leakage outside of the qubit computational subspace, present in many leading
experimental platforms, constitutes a threatening error for quantum error
correction (QEC) for qubits. We develop a leakage-detection scheme via Hidden
Markov models (HMMs) for transmon-based implementations of the surface code. By
performing realistic density-matrix simulations of the distance-3 surface code
(Surface-17), we observe that leakage is sharply projected and leads to an
increase in the surface-code defect probability of neighboring stabilizers.
Together with the analog readout of the ancilla qubits, this increase enables
the accurate detection of the time and location of leakage. We restore the
logical error rate below the memory break-even point by post-selecting out
leakage, discarding about 47% of the data. Leakage detection via HMMs opens the
prospect for near-term QEC demonstrations, targeted leakage reduction and
leakage-aware decoding and is applicable to other experimental platforms.

16
The categories of this paper are: stat
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg