Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: ADAVI: Automatic Dual Amortized Variational Inference Applied To
  Pyramidal Bayesian Models   Frequently, population studies feature pyramidally-organized data represented
using Hierarchical Bayesian Models (HBM) enriched with plates. These models can
become prohibitively large in settings such as neuroimaging, where a sample is
composed of a functional MRI signal measured on 300 brain locations, across 4
measurement sessions, and 30 subjects, resulting in around 1 million latent
parameters.Such high dimensionality hampers the usage of modern, expressive
flow-based techniques.To infer parameter posterior distributions in this
challenging class of problems, we designed a novel methodology that
automatically produces a variational family dual to a target HBM. This
variational family, represented as a neural network, consists in the
combination of an attention-based hierarchical encoder feeding summary
statistics to a set of normalizing flows. Our automatically-derived neural
network exploits exchangeability in the plate-enriched HBM and factorizes its
parameter space. The resulting architecture reduces by orders of magnitude its
parameterization with respect to that of a typical flow-based representation,
while maintaining expressivity.Our method performs inference on the specified
HBM in an amortized setup: once trained, it can readily be applied to a new
data sample to compute the parameters' full posterior.We demonstrate the
capability and scalability of our method on simulated data, as well as a
challenging high-dimensional brain parcellation experiment. We also open up
several questions that lie at the intersection between normalizing flows, SBI,
structured Variational Inference, and inference amortization.

29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
2
The categories of this paper are: math