Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Dark-Matter Harmonics Beyond Annual Modulation   The count rate at dark-matter direct-detection experiments should modulate
annually due to the motion of the Earth around the Sun. We show that
higher-frequency modulations, including daily modulation, are also present and
in some cases are nearly as strong as the annual modulation. These higher-order
modes are particularly relevant if (i) the dark matter is light, O(10) GeV,
(ii) the scattering is inelastic, or (iii) velocity substructure is present;
for these cases, the higher-frequency modes are potentially observable at
current and ton-scale detectors. We derive simple expressions for the harmonic
modes as functions of the astrophysical and geophysical parameters describing
the Earth's orbit, using an updated expression for the Earth's velocity that
corrects a common error in the literature. For an isotropic halo velocity
distribution, certain ratios of the modes are approximately constant as a
function of nuclear recoil energy. Anisotropic distributions can also leave
observable features in the harmonic spectrum. Consequently, the higher-order
harmonic modes are a powerful tool for identifying a potential signal from
interactions with the Galactic dark-matter halo.

35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat