Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: The Variance of Causal Effect Estimators for Binary V-structures   Adjusting for covariates is a well established method to estimate the total
causal effect of an exposure variable on an outcome of interest. Depending on
the causal structure of the mechanism under study there may be different
adjustment sets, equally valid from a theoretical perspective, leading to
identical causal effects. However, in practice, with finite data, estimators
built on different sets may display different precision. To investigate the
extent of this variability we consider the simplest non-trivial non-linear
model of a v-structure on three nodes for binary data. We explicitly compute
and compare the variance of the two possible different causal estimators.
Further, by going beyond leading order asymptotics we show that there are
parameter regimes where the set with the asymptotically optimal variance does
depend on the edge coefficients, a result which is not captured by the recent
leading order developments for general causal models. As a practical
consequence, the adjustment set selection needs to account for the relative
magnitude of the relationships between variables with respect to the sample
size, and cannot rely on purely graphical criteria.

28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex