Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Improved energy confinement with nonlinear isotope effects in
  magnetically confined plasmas   The efficient production of electricity from nuclear fusion in magnetically
confined plasmas relies on a good confinement of the thermal energy. For more
than thirty years, the observation that such confinement depends on the mass of
the plasma isotope and its interaction with apparently unrelated plasma
conditions has remained largely unexplained and it has become one of the main
unsolved issues. By means of numerical studies based on the gyrokinetic theory,
we quantitatively show how the plasma microturbulence depends on the isotope
mass through nonlinear multiscale microturbulence effects involving the
interplay between zonal flows, electromagnetic effects and the torque applied.
This finding has crucial consequences for the design of future reactors since,
in spite of the fact that they will be composed by multiple ion species, their
extrapolation from present day experiments heavily relies on the knowledge
obtained from a long experimental tradition based in single isotope plasmas.

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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an