Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Collective properties of nucleus-nucleus collisions from AGS to LHC
  energies   The azimuthal anisotropies of the collective transverse flow of charged
hadrons are investigated in a wide range of heavy-ion collision energies within
the microscopic Parton-Hadron-String Dynamics (PHSD) transport approach which
incorporates explicit partonic degrees-of-freedom in terms of strongly
interacting quasiparticles (quarks and gluons) in line with an
equation-of-state from lattice QCD as well as the dynamical hadronization and
hadronic collision dynamics in the final reaction phase. The experimentally
observed increase of the elliptic flow $v_2$ of charged hadrons with collision
energy is successfully described in terms of the PHSD approach. The analysis of
higher-order harmonics $v_3$ and $v_4$ in the azimuthal angular distribution
shows a similar tendency of growing deviations between partonic and purely
hadronic models with increasing collision energy. This demonstrates that the
excitation functions of azimuthal anisotropies reflect the increasing role of
quark-gluon degrees of freedom in the early phase of relativistic heavy-ion
collisions. Furthermore, the specific variation of the ratio $v_4/(v_2)^2$ with
respect to bombarding energy, centrality and transverse momentum is found to
provide valuable information on the underlying partonic dynamics.

32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: eess
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th