Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Effective Action - A Convergent Series - of QED   The one-loop effective action of QED obtained by Euler and Heisenberg and by
Schwinger has been expressed by an asymptotic perturbative series which is
divergent. In this letter we present a non-perturbative but convergent series
of the effective action. With the convergent series we establish the existence
of the manifest electric-magnetic duality in the one loop effective action of
QED.

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The categories of this paper are: cs
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
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The categories of this paper are: nlin
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph