Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Terrestrial Planet Formation in a protoplanetary disk with a local mass
  depletion: A successful scenario for the formation of Mars   Models of terrestrial planet formation for our solar system have been
successful in producing planets with masses and orbits similar to those of
Venus and Earth. However, these models have generally failed to produce
Mars-sized objects around 1.5 AU. The body that is usually formed around Mars'
semimajor axis is, in general, much more massive than Mars. Only when Jupiter
and Saturn are assumed to have initially very eccentric orbits (e $\sim$ 0.1),
which seems fairly unlikely for the solar system, or alternately, if the
protoplanetary disk is truncated at 1.0 AU, simulations have been able to
produce Mars-like bodies in the correct location. In this paper, we examine an
alternative scenario for the formation of Mars in which a local depletion in
the density of the protosolar nebula results in a non-uniform formation of
planetary embryos and ultimately the formation of Mars-sized planets around 1.5
AU. We have carried out extensive numerical simulations of the formation of
terrestrial planets in such a disk for different scales of the local density
depletion, and for different orbital configurations of the giant planets. Our
simulations point to the possibility of the formation of Mars-sized bodies
around 1.5 AU, specifically when the scale of the disk local mass-depletion is
moderately high (50-75%) and Jupiter and Saturn are initially in their current
orbits. In these systems, Mars-analogs are formed from the protoplanetary
materials that originate in the regions of disk interior or exterior to the
local mass-depletion. Results also indicate that Earth-sized planets can form
around 1 AU with a substantial amount of water accreted via primitive
water-rich planetesimals and planetary embryos. We present the results of our
study and discuss their implications for the formation of terrestrial planets
in our solar system.

37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
2
The categories of this paper are: math
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn