Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: The Progenitor of SN 2005cs in the Whirlpool Galaxy   The progenitor of SN 2005cs, in the galaxy M51, is identified in
pre-explosion HST ACS WFC imaging. Differential astrometry, with post-explosion
ACS HRC F555W images, permitted the identification of the progenitor with an
accuracy of 0.006". The progenitor was detected in the F814W pre-explosion
image with I=23.3+/-0.2, but was below the detection thresholds of the F435W
and F555W images, with B<24.8 and V<25 at 5-sigma. Limits were also placed on
the U and R band fluxes of the progenitor from pre-explosion HST WFPC2 F336W
and F675W images. Deep images in the infra-red from NIRI on the Gemini-North
telescope were taken 2 months prior to explosion, but the progenitor is not
clearly detected on these. The upper limits for the JHK magnitudes of the
progenitor were J<21.9,H<21.1 and K<20.7. Despite having a detection in only
one band, a restrictive spectral energy distribution of the progenitor star can
be constructed and a robust case is made that the progenitor was a red
supergiant with spectral type between mid-K to late-M. The spectral energy
distribution allows a region in the theoretical HR diagram to be determined
which must contain the progenitor star. The initial mass of the star is
constrained to be M(ZAMS)=9+3/-2 M_solar, which is very similar to the
identified progenitor of the type II-P SN 2003gd, and also consistent with
upper mass limits placed on five other similar SNe. The upper limit in the deep
K-band image is significant in that it allows us to rule out the possibility
that the progenitor was a significantly higher mass object enshrouded in a dust
cocoon before core-collapse. This is further evidence that the trend for type
II-P SNe to arise in low to moderate mass red supergiants is real.

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The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
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The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: nlin
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: supr-con
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: gr-qc