Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Representativeness in Statistics, Politics, and Machine Learning   Representativeness is a foundational yet slippery concept. Though familiar at
first blush, it lacks a single precise meaning. Instead, meanings range from
typical or characteristic, to a proportionate match between sample and
population, to a more general sense of accuracy, generalizability, coverage, or
inclusiveness. Moreover, the concept has long been contested. In statistics,
debates about the merits and methods of selecting a representative sample date
back to the late 19th century; in politics, debates about the value of likeness
as a logic of political representation are older still. Today, as the concept
crops up in the study of fairness and accountability in machine learning, we
need to carefully consider the term's meanings in order to communicate clearly
and account for their normative implications. In this paper, we ask what
representativeness means, how it is mobilized socially, and what values and
ideals it communicates or confronts. We trace the concept's history in
statistics and discuss normative tensions concerning its relationship to
likeness, exclusion, authority, and aspiration. We draw on these analyses to
think through how representativeness is used in FAccT debates, with emphasis on
data, shift, participation, and power.

21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
2
The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex