Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Size separation in vibrated granular matter   We review recent developments in size separation in vibrated granular
materials. Motivated by a need in industry to efficiently handle granular
materials and a desire to make fundamental advances in non-equilibrium physics,
experimental and theoretical investigations have shown size separation to be a
complex phenomena. Large particles in a vibrated granular system invariably
rise to the top. However, they may also sink to the bottom, or show other
patterns depending on subtle variations in physical conditions. While size
ratio is a dominant factor, particle specific properties such as density,
inelasticity and friction can play an important role. The nature of the energy
input, boundary conditions and interstitial air have been also shown to be
significant factors in determining spatial distributions. The presence of
convection can enhance mixing or lead to size separation. Experimental
techniques including direct visualization and magnetic resonance imaging are
being used to investigate these properties. Molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo
simulation techniques have been developed to probe size separation. Analytical
methods such as kinetic theory are being used to study the interplay between
particle size and density in the vibro-fluidized regime, and geometric models
have been proposed to describe size separation for deep beds. Besides
discussing these studies, we will also review the impact of inelastic collision
and friction on the density and velocity distributions to gain a deeper
appreciation of the non-equilibrium nature of the system. While a substantial
number of studies have been accomplished, considerable work is still required
to achieve a firm description of the phenomena.

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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
2
The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn