Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Spectral Study of the Vocal Tract in Vowel Synthesis: A Comparison
  between 1D and 3D Acoustic Analysis   A state-of-the-art 1D acoustic synthesizer has been previously developed, and
coupled to speaker-specific biomechanical models of oropharynx in ArtiSynth. As
expected, the formant frequencies of the synthesized vowel sounds were shown to
be different from those of the recorded audio. Such discrepancy was
hypothesized to be due to the simplified geometry of the vocal tract model as
well as the one dimensional implementation of Navier-Stokes equations. In this
paper, we calculate Helmholtz resonances of our vocal tract geometries using 3D
finite element method (FEM), and compare them with the formant frequencies
obtained from the 1D method and audio. We hope such comparison helps with
clarifying the limitations of our current models and/or speech synthesizer.

19
The categories of this paper are: eess
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
2
The categories of this paper are: math
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin