Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: The Joint Cascade of Energy and Helicity in Three-Dimensional Turbulence   Three-dimensional (3D) turbulence has both energy and helicity as inviscid
constants of motion. In contrast to two-dimensional (2D) turbulence, where a
second inviscid invariant--the enstrophy--blocks the energy cascade to small
scales, in 3D there is a joint cascade of both energy and helicity
simultaneously to small scales. The basic cancellation mechanism which permits
a joint cascade of energy and helicity is illuminated by means of the helical
decomposition of the velocity into positively and negatively polarized waves.
This decomposition is employed in the present study both theoretically and also
in a numerical simulation of homogeneous and isotropic 3D turbulence. It is
shown that the transfer of energy to small scales produces a tremendous growth
of helicity separately in the + and - helical modes at high wavenumbers,
diverging in the limit of infinite Reynolds number. However, because of a
tendency to restore reflection invariance at small scales, the net helicity
from both modes remains finite in that limit. The net helicity flux is shown to
be constant all the way up to the Kolmogorov wavenumber: there is no shorter
inertial-range for helicity cascade than for energy cascade. The transfer of
energy and helicity between + and - modes, which permits the joint cascade, is
shown to be due to two distinct physical processes, advection and vortex
stretching.

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The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
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The categories of this paper are: stat
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The categories of this paper are: physics
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
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The categories of this paper are: cs
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an