Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Measuring the beaming angle of GRB 030329 by fitting the rebrightenings
  in its multiband afterglow   Multiple rebrightenings have been observed in the multiband afterglow of GRB
030329. Especially, a marked and quick rebrightening occurred at about t ~ 1.2
* 10^5 s. Energy injection from late and slow shells seems to be the best
interpretation for these rebrightenings. Usually it is assumed that the energy
is injected into the whole external shock. However, in the case of GRB 030329,
the rebrightenings are so quick that the usual consideration fails to give a
satisfactory fit to the observed light curves. Actually, since these late/slow
shells coast freely in the wake of the external shock, they should be cold and
may not expand laterally. The energy injection then should only occur at the
central region of the external shock. Considering this effect, we numerically
re-fit the quick rebrightenings observed in GRB 030329. By doing this, we were
able to derive the beaming angle of the energy injection process. Our result,
with a relative residual of only 5% - 10% during the major rebrightening, is
better than any previous modeling. The derived energy injection angle is about
0.035. We assume that these late shells are ejected by the central engine via
the same mechanism as those early shells that produce the prompt gamma-ray
burst. The main difference is that their velocities are much slower, so that
they catch up with the external shock very lately and manifest as the observed
quick rebrightenings. If this were true, then the derived energy injection
angle can give a good measure of the beaming angle of the prompt gamma-ray
emission. Our study may hopefully provide a novel method to measure the beaming
angle of gamma-ray bursts.

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The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
2
The categories of this paper are: math
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: stat
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys