Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Transverse momentum dependence of directed particle flow at 160 AGeV   The transverse momentum ($p_t$) dependence of hadron flow at SPS energies is
studied. In particular, the nucleon and pion flow in S+S and Pb+Pb collisions
at 160 AGeV is investigated. For simulations the microscopic quark-gluon string
model (QGSM) is applied. It is found that the directed flow of pions $v_1(y,
\Delta p_t)$ changes sign from a negative slope in the low-$p_t$ region to a
positive slope at $p_t \geq 0.6$ GeV/c as recently also observed
experimentally. The change of the flow behaviour can be explained by early
emission times for high-$p_t$ pions. We further found that a substantial amount
of high-$p_t$ pions are produced in the very first primary NN collisions at the
surface region of the touching nuclei. Thus, at SPS energies high-$p_t$
nucleons seem to be a better probe for the hot and dense early phase of nuclear
collisions than high-$p_t$ pions. Both, in the light and in the heavy system
the pion directed flow $v_1(p_t, \Delta y)$ exhibits large negative values when
the transverse momentum approaches zero, as also seen experimentally in Pb+Pb
collisions. It is found that this effect is caused by nuclear shadowing. The
proton flow, in contrary, shows the typical linear increase with rising $p_t$.

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The categories of this paper are: physics
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: cs
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The categories of this paper are: stat
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The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
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The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph