Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Wide Dust Gaps in Protoplanetary Disks Induced by Eccentric Planets: A
  Mass-Eccentricity Degeneracy   The tidal perturbation of embedded protoplanets on their natal disks has been
widely attributed to be the cause of gap-ring structures in sub-mm images of
protoplanetary disks around T Tauri stars. Numerical simulations of this
process have been used to propose scalings of characteristic dust gap
width/gap-ring distance with respect to planet mass. Applying such scalings to
analyze observed gap samples yields a continuous mass distribution for a rich
population of hypothetical planets in the range of several Earth to Jupiter
masses. In contrast, the conventional core-accretion scenario of planet
formation predicts a bi-modal mass function due to 1) the onset of runaway gas
accretion above \sim20 Earth masses and 2) suppression of accretion induced by
gap opening. Here we examine the dust disk response to the tidal perturbation
of eccentric planets as a possible resolution of this paradox. Based on
simulated gas and dust distributions, we show the gap-ring separation of
Neptune-mass planets with small eccentricities might become comparable to that
induced by Saturn-mass planets on circular orbits. This degeneracy may
obliterate the discrepancy between the theoretical bi-modal mass distribution
and the observed continuous gap width distribution. Despite damping due to
planet-disk interaction, modest eccentricity may be sustained either in the
outer regions of relatively thick disks or through resonant excitation among
multiple super Earths. Moreover, the ring-like dust distribution induced by
planets with small eccentricities is axisymmetric even in low viscosity
environments, consistent with the paucity of vortices in ALMA images.

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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
2
The categories of this paper are: math
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio