Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: End-to-End Performance Analysis of Underwater Optical Wireless Relaying
  and Routing Techniques Under Location Uncertainty   On the contrary of low speed and high delay acoustic systems, underwater
optical wireless communication (UOWC) can deliver a high speed and low latency
service at the expense of short communication ranges. Therefore, multihop
communication is of utmost importance to improve degree of connectivity and
overall performance of underwater optical wireless networks (UOWNs). In this
regard, this paper investigates relaying and routing techniques and provides
their end-to-end (E2E) performance analysis under the location uncertainty. To
achieve robust and reliable links, we first consider adaptive beamwidths and
derive the divergence angles under the absence and presence of a
pointing-acquisitioning-and-tracking (PAT) mechanism. Thereafter, important E2E
performance metrics (e.g., data rate, bit error rate, transmission power,
amplifier gain, etc.) are obtained for two potential relaying techniques;
decode & forward (DF) and optical amplify & forward (AF). We develop
centralized routing schemes for both relaying techniques to optimize E2E rate,
bit error rate, and power consumption. Alternatively, a distributed routing
protocol, namely Light Path Routing (LiPaR), is proposed by leveraging the
range-beamwidth tradeoff of UOWCs. LiPaR is especially shown to be favorable
when there is no PAT mechanism and available network information. In order to
show the benefits of multihop communications, extensive simulations are
conducted to compare different routing and relaying schemes under different
network parameters and underwater environments.

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The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: math
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: nlin
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex