Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Counter-Evolution of Faint Field Galaxies   We adopt a new approach to explore the puzzling nature of faint blue field
galaxies. Instead of assuming that the local luminosity function is well
defined, we first determine whether any non-evolving set of luminosity
functions for different spectral types of galaxies is compatible with the
observed marginal distributions in optical and near-infrared counts, B - R
colors, and redshifts. Exploiting a non-negative least squares method, we
derive a new no-evolution model that is found to fit all the observations
surprisingly well. We conclude that models more exotic than mild luminosity
evolution, such as those requiring rapid evolution in star formation rates,
disappearing dwarf galaxy populations, high values of the cosmological
constant, rapid mergers, or substantial non-conservation of galaxy numbers with
time, are no longer as compelling.

21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
2
The categories of this paper are: math
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
19
The categories of this paper are: eess