Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Imaging the Wigner Crystal of Electrons in One Dimension   The quantum crystal of electrons, predicted more than eighty years ago by
Eugene Wigner, is still one of the most elusive states of matter. Here, we
present experiments that observe the one-dimensional Wigner crystal directly,
by imaging its charge density in real-space. To measure this fragile state
without perturbing it, we developed a new scanning probe platform that utilizes
a pristine carbon nanotube as a scanning charge perturbation to image, with
minimal invasiveness, the many-body electronic density within another nanotube.
The obtained images, of few electrons confined in one-dimension, match those of
strongly interacting crystals, with electrons ordered like pearls on a
necklace. Comparison to theoretical modeling demonstrates the dominance of
Coulomb interactions over kinetic energy and the weakness of exchange
interactions. Our experiments provide direct evidence for this long-sought
electronic state, and open the way for studying other fragile interacting
states by imaging their many-body density in real-space.

16
The categories of this paper are: stat
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
2
The categories of this paper are: math
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th