Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: DEMO: Relay/Replay Attacks on GNSS signals   Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are ubiquitously relied upon for
positioning and timing. Detection and prevention of attacks against GNSS have
been researched over the last decades, but many of these attacks and
countermeasures were evaluated based on simulation. This work contributes to
the experimental investigation of GNSS vulnerabilities, implementing a
relay/replay attack with off-the-shelf hardware. Operating at the signal level,
this attack type is not hindered by cryptographically protected transmissions,
such as Galileo's Open Signals Navigation Message Authentication (OS-NMA). The
attack we investigate involves two colluding adversaries, relaying signals over
large distances, to effectively spoof a GNSS receiver. We demonstrate the
attack using off-the-shelf hardware, we investigate the requirements for such
successful colluding attacks, and how they can be enhanced, e.g., allowing for
finer adversarial control over the victim receiver.

11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
2
The categories of this paper are: math
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc