Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: A Kink Soliton Characterizing Traffic Congestion   We study traffic congestion by analyzing a one dimensional traffic flow
model. Developing an asymptotic method to investigate the long time behavior
near a critical point, we derive the modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equation
as the lowest order model. There are an infinite number of kink solitons to the
mKdV equation, while it has been found by numerical simulations that the kink
pattern arising in traffic congestion is uniquely determined irrespective of
initial conditions. In order to resolve this selection problem, we consider
higher order corrections to the mKdV equation and find that there is a kink
soliton which can deform continuously with the perturbation represented by the
addition of these corrections. With numerical confirmation, we show that this
continuously deformable kink soliton characterizes traffic congestion. We also
discuss the relationship between traffic congestion and slugging phenomenon in
granular flow.

22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph