Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: On the use of photonic N00N states for practical quantum interferometry   The performance of photonic $N00N$ states, propagating in an attenuating
medium, is analyzed with respect to phase estimation. It is shown that, for
$N00N$ states propagating through a lossy medium, the Heisenberg limit is never
achieved. It is also shown that, for a given value of $N$, a signal comprised
of an attenuated separable state of $N$ photons will actually produce a better
phase estimate than will a signal comprised of an equally attenuated $N00N$
state, unless the transmittance of the medium is very high. This is a
consequence of the need to utilize measurement operators appropriate to the
different signal states. The result is that, for most practical applications in
realistic scenarios with attenuation, the resolution of $N00N$ state-based
phase estimation not only does not achieve the Heisenberg Limit, but is
actually worse than the Standard Quantum Limit. It is demonstrated that this
performance deficit becomes more pronounced as the number, $N$, of photons in
the signal increases.

14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph