Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: ML-driven Malware that Targets AV Safety   Ensuring the safety of autonomous vehicles (AVs) is critical for their mass
deployment and public adoption. However, security attacks that violate safety
constraints and cause accidents are a significant deterrent to achieving public
trust in AVs, and that hinders a vendor's ability to deploy AVs. Creating a
security hazard that results in a severe safety compromise (for example, an
accident) is compelling from an attacker's perspective. In this paper, we
introduce an attack model, a method to deploy the attack in the form of smart
malware, and an experimental evaluation of its impact on production-grade
autonomous driving software. We find that determining the time interval during
which to launch the attack is{ critically} important for causing safety hazards
(such as collisions) with a high degree of success. For example, the smart
malware caused 33X more forced emergency braking than random attacks did, and
accidents in 52.6% of the driving simulations.

16
The categories of this paper are: stat
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
2
The categories of this paper are: math
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph