Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Force-gradient sensitive Kelvin probe force microscopy by dissipative
  electrostatic force modulation   We report a Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) implementation using the
dissipation signal of a frequency modulation atomic force microscopy that is
capable of detecting the gradient of electrostatic force rather than
electrostatic force. It features a simple implementation and faster scanning as
it requires no low frequency modulation. We show that applying a coherent ac
voltage with two times the cantilever oscillation frequency induces the
dissipation signal proportional to the electrostatic force gradient which
depends on the effective dc bias voltage including the contact potential
difference. We demonstrate the KPFM images of a MoS$_2$ flake taken with the
present method is in quantitative agreement with that taken with the frequency
modulated Kelvin probe force microscopy technique.

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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
2
The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: hep-th
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: econ
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: stat
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: eess