Instruct: Identify the main category of Biorxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Regulation of metabolic health by dietary histidine in mice The increasing prevalence of obesity is a serious threat to global health. Low protein (LP) diets are associated with a decreased risk of diabetes in humans, and a low protein diet promotes leanness and glycemic control in both rodents and humans. The effects of a LP diet on glycemic control are mediated by reduced dietary levels of the branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). However, we have observed that reducing dietary levels of the other six essential amino acids leads to changes in body composition. Here, we find that dietary histidine plays a key role in the response to a LP diet. Specifically reducing dietary levels of histidine by 67% reduces weight gain of young, lean C57BL/6J mice, reducing both adipose and lean mass gain, without altering glucose metabolism. Specifically reducing dietary histidine rapidly reverses diet-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis in diet-induced obese mice, increasing insulin sensitivity; this normalization of metabolic health was associated not with caloric restriction or increased activity, but with increased energy expenditure that surprisingly did not require Fgf21. Histidine restriction started in mid-life promoted leanness and glucose tolerance in aged males, but did not affect frailty or lifespan in either sex. Finally, we demonstrate that variation in dietary histidine levels helps to explain body mass index differences in humans. Overall, our findings demonstrate that dietary histidine is a key regulator of weight and body composition in both mice and humans, and suggest that reducing dietary levels of histidine may be a highly translatable option for the treatment of obesity.
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The categories of this paper are: biology
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The categories of this paper are: toxicology
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The categories of this paper are: cell
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The categories of this paper are: evolutionary
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The categories of this paper are: bioinformatics
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The categories of this paper are: scientific
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The categories of this paper are: behavior
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The categories of this paper are: communication
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The categories of this paper are: neuroscience
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The categories of this paper are: bioengineering
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The categories of this paper are: plant
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The categories of this paper are: cancer
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The categories of this paper are: biochemistry
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The categories of this paper are: genomics
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The categories of this paper are: animal
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The categories of this paper are: pharmacology