Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: First dust measurements with the Solar Orbiter Radio and Plasma Wave
  instrument   Impacts of dust grains on spacecraft are known to produce typical impulsive
signals in the voltage waveform recorded at the terminals of electric antennas.
Such signals are routinely detected by the Time Domain Sampler (TDS) system of
the Radio and Plasma Waves (RPW) instrument aboard Solar Orbiter. We
investigate the capabilities of RPW in terms of interplanetary dust studies and
present the first analysis of dust impacts recorded by this instrument. We
discuss previously developed models of voltage pulses generation after a dust
impact onto a spacecraft and present the relevant technical parameters for
Solar Orbiter RPW as a dust detector. Then we present the statistical analysis
of the dust impacts recorded by RPW/TDS from April 20th, 2020 to February 27th,
2021 between 0.5 AU and 1 AU. The study shows that the dust population studied
presents a radial velocity component directed outward from the Sun, the order
of magnitude of which can be roughly estimated as $v_{r, dust} \simeq 50$
km.$s^{-1}$. This is consistent with the flux of impactors being dominated by
$\beta$-meteoroids. We estimate the cumulative flux of these grains at 1 AU to
be roughly $F_\beta \simeq 8\times 10^{-5} $ m$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$, for particles of
radius $r \gtrsim 100$ nm. The power law index $\delta$ of the cumulative mass
flux of the impactors is evaluated by two differents methods (direct
observations of voltage pulses and indirect effect on the impact rate
dependency on the impact speed). Both methods give a result $\delta \simeq
0.3-0.4$. Solar Orbiter RPW proves to be a suitable instrument for
interplanetary dust studies. These first results are promising for the
continuation of the mission, in particular for the in-situ study of the dust
cloud outside the ecliptic plane, which Solar Orbiter will be the first
spacecraft to explore.

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The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: stat
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
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The categories of this paper are: eess
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int