Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Observational Constraints on Interstellar Grain Alignment   We present new multicolor photo-polarimetry of stars behind the Southern
Coalsack. Analyzed together with multiband polarization data from the
literature, probing the Chamaeleon I, Musca, rho Opiuchus, R CrA and Taurus
clouds, we show that the wavelength of maximum polarization (lambda_max) is
linearly correlated with the radiation environment of the grains. Using
Far-Infrared emission data, we show that the large scatter seen in previous
studies of lambda_max as a function of A_V is primarily due to line of sight
effects causing some A_V measurements to not be a good tracer of the extinction
(radiation field strength) seen by the grains being probed. The derived slopes
in lambda_max vs. A_V, for the individual clouds, are consistent with a common
value, while the zero intercepts scale with the average values of the ratios of
total-to-selective extinction (R_V) for the individual clouds. Within each
cloud we do not find direct correlations between lambda_max and R_V. The
positive slope in consistent with recent developments in theory and indicating
alignment driven by the radiation field. The present data cannot conclusively
differentiate between direct radiative torques and alignment driven by H_2
formation. However, the small values of lambda_max(A_V=0), seen in several
clouds, suggest a role for the latter, at least at the cloud surfaces. The
scatter in the lambda_max vs. A_V relation is found to be associated with the
characteristics of the embedded Young Stellar Objects (YSO) in the clouds. We
propose that this is partially due to locally increased plasma damping of the
grain rotation caused by X-rays from the YSOs.

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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
2
The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
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The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: eess
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: supr-con
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex