Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Robust Optimal Design of Two-Armed Trials with Side Information   Significant evidence has become available that emphasizes the importance of
personalization in medicine. In fact, it has become a common belief that
personalized medicine is the future of medicine. The core of personalized
medicine is the ability to design clinical trials that investigate the role of
patient covariates on treatment effects. In this work, we study the optimal
design of two-armed clinical trials to maximize accuracy of statistical models
where the interaction between patient covariates and treatment effect are
incorporated to enable precision medication. Such a modeling extension leads to
significant complexities for the produced optimization problems because they
include optimization over design and covariates concurrently. We take a robust
optimization approach and minimize (over design) the maximum (over population)
variance of interaction effect between treatment and patient covariates. This
results in a min-max bi-level mixed integer nonlinear programming problem,
which is notably challenging to solve. To address this challenge, we introduce
a surrogate model by approximating the objective function for which we propose
two solution approaches. The first approach provides an exact solution based on
reformulation and decomposition techniques. In the second approach, we provide
a lower bound for the inner optimization problem and solve the outer
optimization problem over the lower bound. We test our proposed algorithms with
synthetic and real-world data sets and compare it with standard
(re-)randomization methods. Our numerical analysis suggests that the lower
bounding approach provides high-quality solutions across a variety of settings.

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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc