Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: TEE, a simple estimator for the precision of eclipse and transit minimum
  times   Context: Transit or eclipse timing variations have proven to be a valuable
tool in exoplanet research. However, no simple way to estimate the potential
precision of such timing measures has been presented yet, nor are guidelines
available regarding the relation between timing errors and sampling rate.
  Aims: A `timing error estimator' (TEE) equation is presented that requires
only basic transit parameters as input. With the TEE, it is straightforward to
estimate timing precisions both for actual data as well as for future
instruments, such as the TESS and PLATO space missions.
  Methods: A derivation of the timing error based on a trapezoidal transit
shape is given. We also verify the TEE on realistically modeled transits using
Monte Carlo simulations and determine its validity range, exploring in
particular the interplay between ingress/egress times and sampling rates.
  Results: The simulations show that the TEE gives timing errors very close to
the correct value, as long as the temporal sampling is faster than transit
ingress/egress durations and transits with very low S/N are avoided.
  Conclusions: The TEE is a useful tool to estimate eclipse or transit timing
errors in actual and future data-sets. In combination with an equation to
estimate period errors (Deeg 2015), predictions for the ephemeris precision of
long-coverage observations are possible as well. The tests for the TEE's
validity-range led also to implications for instrumental design: Temporal
sampling has to be faster than transit in- or egress durations, or a loss in
timing-precision will occur. An application to the TESS mission shows that
transits close to its detection limit will have timing uncertainties that
exceed 1 hour within a few months after their acquisition. Prompt follow-up
observations will be needed to avoid a `loosing' of their ephemeris.

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The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
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The categories of this paper are: q-bio
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: cs