Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Gravothermal Collapse of Self-Interacting Dark Matter Halos and the
  Origin of Massive Black Holes   A central supermassive black hole (SMBH) with a mass $10^6-10^9 M_\odot$
appears to be a common feature in nearby galaxies and the likely power source
in quasars and active galactic nuclei. We demonstrate that the formation of a
central black hole is a natural and inevitable consequence of the gravothermal
catastrophe in a self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) halo. Through gravothermal
evolution driven by collisional relaxation, an SIDM halo will form a massive
inner core whose density and velocity dispersion will increase secularly in
time. Eventually, the inner core arrives at a relativistic radial instability
and undergoes dynamical collapse to a black hole. The initial mass of the black
hole will be $10^{-8}-10^{-6}$ of the total mass of the halo. We show that if
at formation the overdensity in the SIDM halo is not too large, SMBHs in the
observed mass range can form directly in very massive halos following core
collapse. Alternatively, with large overdensities, moderate mass halos undergo
core collapse to form central seed black holes of intermediate mass, and these
holes can then merge and/or accrete to reach the SMBH range. Forming SMBHs by
core collapse in SIDM halos requires no baryons, no prior epoch of star
formation and no other mechanism of forming black holes seeds.

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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: q-bio
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
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The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: eess
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
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The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
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The categories of this paper are: physics
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The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th