Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Entering voltage hysteresis in phase separating materials: revealing the
  thermodynamic origin of a newly discovered phenomenon and its impact on the
  electric response of a battery   Hysteresis is a general phenomenon regularly observed in measurements of
various materials properties such as magnetism, elasticity, capillary pressure,
adsorption, battery voltage etc. Usually, the hysteretic behaviour is an
intrinsic property that cannot be avoided or circumvented in dynamic operation
of the system. Here we show, however, that at least as regards the hysteretic
behaviour of phase-separating battery materials, one can enter (deeply) into
the hysteretic loop in specific, yet realistic, transient operating conditions.
Within the hysteretic loop a (significant) portion of particle population
resides in an intraparticle phase separated state. Interestingly, the
transition to the more conventional interparticle phase separation state found
outside the hysteretic loop is very slow. Further, we establish a direct
interrelation between the intraparticle phase separated electrode state and
altered electric response of the electrode, which significantly impacts DC and
AC characteristics of the battery. The experimental evidence of entering the
hysteretic loop and the resulting altered response of the battery are explained
based on thermodynamic reasoning, advanced modelling and insightful
experiments. We believe that the understanding of this phenomenon will help
optimise the diagnostics and monitoring of batteries, while also providing
pertinent motivation for the enhancement of battery design and performance.

9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th