Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Generalized fluid theory including non-Maxwellian kinetic effects   The results obtained by the plasma physics community for the validation and
the prediction of turbulence and transport in magnetized plasma come mainly
from the use of very CPU-consuming particle-in-cell or (gyro)kinetic codes
which naturally include non-Maxwellian kinetic effects. To date, fluid codes
are not considered to be relevant for the description of these kinetic effects.
Here, after revisiting the limitations of the current fluid theory developed in
the 19th century, we generalize the fluid theory including kinetic effects such
as non-Maxwellian super-thermal tails with as few fluid equations as possible.
The collisionless and collisional fluid closures from the nonlinear Landau
Fokker-Planck collision operator are shown for an arbitrary collisionality.
Indeed, the first fluid models associated with two examples of collisionless
fluid closures are obtained by assuming an analytic non-Maxwellian distribution
function (e.g., the INMDF [O. Izacard, Phys. Plasmas 23, 082504 (2016)]). One
of the main differences with the literature is our analytic representation of
the distribution function in the velocity phase space with as few hidden
variables as possible thanks to the use of non-orthogonal basis sets. These new
non-Maxwellian fluid equations could initiate the next generation of fluid
codes including kinetic effects and can be expanded to other scientific
disciplines such as astrophysics, condensed matter, or hydrodynamics. As a
validation test, we perform a numerical simulation based on a minimal reduced
INMDF fluid model. The result of this test is the discovery of the origin of
particle and heat diffusion. The diffusion is due to the competition between a
growing INMDF on short time scales due to spatial gradients and the
thermalization on longer time scales. The results shown here could draw the
breaking of some unsolved understandings of the turbulence.

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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
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The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas