Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: 3D Radiative Hydrodynamic Modeling of the Near-Surface Shear Layer in
  the Solar Convection Zone   Understanding effects driven by rotation in the solar convection zone is
essential for many problems related to solar activity, such as the formation of
differential rotation, meridional circulation, and others. We present realistic
3D radiative hydrodynamics simulations of solar subsurface dynamics in the
presence of rotation in a local domain 80 Mm-wide and 25 Mm deep, located at 30
degrees latitude. The simulation results reveal the development of a shallow
10-Mm deep near-surface shear layer ("leptocline"), characterized by a strong
radial rotational gradient and self-organized meridional flows. This shear
layer is located in the hydrogen ionization zone associated with enhanced
anisotropic convective flows overshooting into a relatively stable zone between
the H and HeII ionization zones. The radial variations of the differential
rotation and meridional circulation profiles obtained from the simulations
agree with helioseismic observations, indicating that a major role in forming
the leptocline and subsurface meridional flows is played by the local Reynolds
stresses.

37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
2
The categories of this paper are: math
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th