Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Self-ordering and cavity cooling using a train of ultrashort pulses   A thin atomic gas in an optical resonator exhibits a phase transition from a
homogeneous density to crystalline order when laser illuminated orthogonal to
the resonator axis. We study this well-known self-organization phenomenon for a
generalized pumping scheme using a femtosecond pulse train with a frequency
spectrum spanning a large bandwidth covering many cavity modes. We show that
due to simultaneous scattering into adjacent longitudinal cavity modes the
induced light forces and the atomic dynamics becomes nearly
translation-invariant along the cavity axis. In addition the laser bandwidth
introduces a new correlation length scale within which clustering of the atoms
is energetically favorable. Numerical simulations allow us to determine the
self-consistent ordering threshold power as function of bandwidth and atomic
cloud size. We find strong evidence for a change from a second order to a first
order self-ordering phase transition with growing laser bandwidth when the size
of the atomic cloud gets bigger than the clustering length. An analysis of the
cavity output reveals a corresponding transition from a single to a double
pulse traveling within the cavity. This doubles the output pulse repetition
rate and creates a new time crystal structure in the cavity output. Simulations
also show that multi-mode operation significantly improves cavity cooling
generating lower kinetic temperatures at a much faster cooling rate.

24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
2
The categories of this paper are: math