Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Conducting and insulating LaAlO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ interfaces: A comparative
  surface photovoltage investigation   Surface photovoltage (SPV) spectroscopy, which is a versatile method to
analyze the energetic distribution of electronic defect states at surfaces and
interfaces of wide-bandgap semiconductor (hetero-)structures, is applied to
comparatively investigate heterostructures made of 5-unit-cell-thick LaAlO$_3$
films grown either on TiO$_2$- or on SrO-terminated SrTiO$_3$. As shown in a
number of experimental and theoretical investigations in the past, these two
interfaces exhibit dramatically different properties with the first being
conducting and the second insulating.
  Our present SPV investigation reveals clearly distinguishable interface
defect state distributions for both configurations when interpreted within the
framework of a classical semiconductor band scheme. Furthermore, bare SrTiO$_3$
crystals with TiO$_2$ or mixed SrO/TiO$_2$ terminations show similar SPV
spectra and transients as do LaAlO$_3$-covered samples with the respective
termination of the SrTiO$_3$ substrate. This is in accordance with a number of
recent works that stress the decisive role of SrTiO$_3$ and the minor role of
LaAlO$_3$ with respect to the electronic interface properties.

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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
2
The categories of this paper are: math
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph