Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Real-time detection of anomalies in large-scale transient surveys   New time-domain surveys, such as the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space
and Time (LSST), will observe millions of transient alerts each night, making
standard approaches of visually identifying new and interesting transients
infeasible. We present two novel methods of automatically detecting anomalous
transient light curves in real-time. Both methods are based on the simple idea
that if the light curves from a known population of transients can be
accurately modelled, any deviations from model predictions are likely
anomalies. The first modelling approach is a probabilistic neural network built
using Temporal Convolutional Networks (TCNs) and the second is an interpretable
Bayesian parametric model of a transient. We demonstrate our methods' ability
to provide anomaly scores as a function of time on light curves from the Zwicky
Transient Facility. We show that the flexibility of neural networks, the
attribute that makes them such a powerful tool for many regression tasks, is
what makes them less suitable for anomaly detection when compared with our
parametric model. The parametric model is able to identify anomalies with
respect to common supernova classes with low false anomaly rates and high true
anomaly rates achieving Area Under the Receive Operating Characteristic (ROC)
Curve (AUC) scores above 0.8 for most rare classes such as kilonovae, tidal
disruption events, intermediate luminosity transients, and pair-instability
supernovae. Our ability to identify anomalies improves over the lifetime of the
light curves. Our framework, used in conjunction with transient classifiers,
will enable fast and prioritised follow-up of unusual transients from new
large-scale surveys.

29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph