Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Toward a Science of Autonomy for Physical Systems: Construction   Today, ensuring and improving safety, productivity, quality, and
sustainability in construction, operation, and maintenance of national civil
infrastructure systems through advances in robotics and automation is a
national imperative. By "national civil infrastructure" we refer to the 4.5M
commercial buildings, 3.9M miles of public roads, 2M miles of oil and natural
gas pipelines, 600K bridges, 190K cell phone towers, 120K miles of major
railroads, 100K miles of levees, 84K dams, 50K miles of electrical power lines,
25K miles of commercially navigable waterways, and 5K public-use airports in
the United States, all of which are critical to our national economy and
society. By "ensuring and improving safety, productivity, quality, and
sustainability" we mean to guarantee performance across the entire life cycle
of civil infrastructure, from construction to operation and from maintenance to
disposal. By "advances in robotics and automation" we mean innovative research
and education that will provide tools for systematic and timely execution of
construction, and also collection, analysis, visualization, and operational use
of big data in built environments for project monitoring and control purposes.
In the following, we discuss the current state of construction and operation of
the national civil infrastructure systems in detail and present several
opportunities for improvements through research and education on robotics and
automation.

35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
2
The categories of this paper are: math
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat