Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Undercooling growth and magnetic characterization of ferromagnetic shape
  memory alloy Ni2FeGa single crystals   Ni2FeGa single crystals have been grown in undercooling conditions provided
by a glass-purification method. It has been found that trace amounts of gamma
phase embededin the single crystalline matrix preferentially orients in the
<100> orientation along the growth direction. This gamma phase generates
directional residual stress and results in an anisotropic two-way shape memory
effect. Large strains of -2.5% in the [001] and 1.5% in the [010] directions
have been observed. This trace gamma phase also improves the ductility of the
material and thus the crystals could be plastically deformed at room
temperature in the parent phase. The <110> and <111> orientations in Ni2FeGa
alloy were identified as the easy and hard magnetization directions,
respectively, in the parent phase by using low field M-T measurements.

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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: eess
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The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: physics
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The categories of this paper are: cs
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The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: supr-con
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-th