Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Multilayer black phosphorus as a versatile mid-infrared electro-optic
  material   We investigate the electro-optic properties of black phosphorus (BP) thin
films for optical modulation in the mid-infrared frequencies. Our calculation
indicates that an applied out-of-plane electric field may lead to red-, blue-,
or bidirectional shift in BP's absorption edge. This is due to the interplay
between the field-induced quantum-confined Franz-Keldysh effect and the
Pauli-blocked Burstein-Moss shift. The relative contribution of the two
electro-absorption mechanisms depends on doping range, operating wavelength,
and BP film thickness. For proof-of concept, simple modulator configuration
with BP overlaid over a silicon nanowire is studied. Simulation result shows
that operating BP in the quantum-confined Franz-Keldysh regime can enable
improved maximal attainable absorption as well as power efficiency compared to
its graphene counterpart.

35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
2
The categories of this paper are: math
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc