Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Towards a Deterministic Model of Planetary Formation I: a Desert in the
  Mass and Semi Major Axis Distributions of Extra Solar Planets   We examine the accretion of cores of giant planets from planetesimals, gas
accretion onto the cores, and their orbital migration. We adopt a working model
for nascent protostellar disks with a wide variety of surface density
distributions in order to explore the range of diversity among extra solar
planetary systems. If some cores can acquire more mass than a critical value of
several Earth masses during the persistence of the disk gas, they would be able
to rapidly accrete gas and evolve into gas giant planets. The gas accretion
process is initially regulated by the Kelvin-Helmholtz contraction of the
planets' gas envelope. Based on the assumption that the exponential decay of
the disk-gas mass occurs on the time scales $\sim 10^{6}-10^{7}$ years and that
the disk mass distribution is comparable to those inferred from the
observations of circumstellar disks of T Tauri stars, we carry out simulations
to predict the distributions of masses and semi major axes of extra solar
planets. Since planets' masses grow rapidly from $10 M_{\oplus}$ to $100
M_{\oplus}$, the gas giant planets rarely form with asymptotic masses in this
intermediate range. Our model predicts a paucity of extra solar planets with
mass in the range 10-$100 M_{\oplus}$ and semi major axis less than 3AU. We
refer to this deficit as a ``planet desert''. The effect of migration is to
sharpen the boundaries and to enhance the contrast of the planet desert. The
mass and semi major axis distributions generated in our simulations for the gas
giants are consistent with those of the known extra solar planets.

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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: nlin
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The categories of this paper are: eess
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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph