Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Detecting substeps in the rotary motors of FoF1-ATP synthase by Hidden
  Markov Models   FoF1-ATP synthase is the enzyme that provides the 'chemical energy currency'
adenosine triphosphate, ATP, for living cells. The formation of ATP is
accomplished by a stepwise internal rotation of subunits within the enzyme. We
monitor subunit rotation by a single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy
transfer (FRET) approach using two fluorophores specifically attached to the
enzyme. To identify the stepsize of rotary movements by the motors of ATP
synthase we simulated the confocal single-molecule FRET data of freely
diffusing enzymes and developed a step finder algorithm based on 'Hidden Markov
Models' (HMM). The HMM is able to find the proximity factors, P, for a
three-level system and for a five-level system, and to unravel the dwell times
of the simulated rotary movements. To identify the number of hidden states in
the system, a likelihood parameter is calculated for the series of one-state to
eight-state HMMs applied to each set of simulated data. Thereby, the basic
prerequisites for the experimental single-molecule FRET data are defined that
allow for discrimination between a 120 degree stepping mode or a 36 degree
substep rotation mode for the proton-driven Fo motor of ATP synthase.

18
The categories of this paper are: econ
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: eess
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
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The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th