Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Combining high-dispersion spectroscopy (HDS) with high contrast imaging
  (HCI): Probing rocky planets around our nearest neighbors   Aims: In this work, we discuss a way to combine High Dispersion Spectroscopy
and High Contrast Imaging (HDS+HCI). For a planet located at a resolvable
angular distance from its host star, the starlight can be reduced up to several
orders of magnitude using adaptive optics and/or coronography. In addition, the
remaining starlight can be filtered out using high-dispersion spectroscopy,
utilizing the significantly different (or Doppler shifted) high-dispersion
spectra of the planet and star. In this way, HDS+HCI can in principle reach
contrast limits of ~1e-5 x 1e-5, although in practice this will be limited by
photon noise and/or sky-background.
  Methods: We present simulations of HDS+HCI observations with the E-ELT, both
probing thermal emission from a planet at infrared wavelengths, and starlight
reflected off a planet atmosphere at optical wavelengths. For the infrared
simulations we use the baseline parameters of the E-ELT and METIS instrument,
with the latter combining extreme adaptive optics with an R=100,000 IFS. We
include realistic models of the adaptive optics performance and atmospheric
transmission and emission. For the optical simulation we also assume R=100,000
IFS with adaptive optics capabilities at the E-ELT.
  Results: One night of HDS+HCI observations with the E-ELT at 4.8 um (d_lambda
= 0.07 um) can detect a planet orbiting alpha Cen A with a radius of R=1.5
R_earth and a twin-Earth thermal spectrum of T_eq=300 K at a signal-to-noise
(S/N) of 5. In the optical, with a Strehl ratio performance of 0.3, reflected
light from an Earth-size planet in the habitable zone of Proxima Centauri can
be detected at a S/N of 10 in the same time frame. Recently, first HDS+HCI
observations have shown the potential of this technique by determining the
spin-rotation of the young massive exoplanet beta Pictoris b. [abridged]

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The categories of this paper are: physics
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
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The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: stat
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The categories of this paper are: supr-con
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: eess