Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: On the lifetime of merger features of equal-mass disk mergers   Detecting post-merger features of merger remnants is highly dependent on the
depth of observation images. However, it has been poorly discussed how long the
post-merger features are visible under different observational conditions. We
investigate a merger-feature time useful for understanding the morphological
transformation of galaxy mergers via numerical simulations. We use
N-body/hydrodynamic simulations, including gas cooling, star formation, and
supernova feedback. We run a set of simulations with various initial orbital
configurations and with progenitor galaxies having different morphological
properties mainly for equal-mass mergers. As reference models, we ran
additional simulations for non-equal mass mergers and mergers in a large halo
potential. Mock images using the SDSS $r$ band are synthesized to estimate a
merger-feature times and compare it between the merger simulations. The mock
images suggest that the post-merger features involve a small fraction of stars,
and the merger-feature time depends on galaxy interactions. In an isolated
environment, the merger-feature time is, on average, $\sim$ 2 times the final
coalescence time for a shallow surface bright limit of 25 mag/arcsec^2. For a
deeper surface brightness limit of 28 mag/arcsec^2, however, the merger-feature
time is a factor of two longer, which is why the detection of post-merger
features using shallow surveys has been difficult. Tidal force of a cluster
potential is effective in stripping post-merger features out and reduces the
merger-feature time.

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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
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The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: eess