Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Effects of Turbulent Magnetic Fields on the Transport and Acceleration
  of Energetic Charged Particles: Numerical Simulations with Application to
  Heliospheric Physics   After introduction we focus on: the transport of charged particles, the
acceleration of ions at shocks, and the acceleration of electrons at shocks.
Chapter 2 studies the propagation of solar energetic particles(SEPs) in
turbulent magnetic fields. Particle trajectories in turbulent magnetic fields
are numerically integrated. The turbulence includes a Kolmogorov-like power
spectrum containing a broad range of scales. Small-scale variations in particle
intensities(dropouts) and velocity dispersions can be reproduced. The result
gives a constraint on the error of onset analysis for inferring SEP
informations. We find that dropouts are rarely produced using the two-component
model(Matthaeus et al., 1990). The result questions the turbulence model.
Chapter 3 studies the acceleration of ions. We use 3-D hybrid simulations to
study the acceleration of low-energy particles at parallel shocks. We find that
particles gain energy by reflection at the shock. The protons can move off
field lines in 3-D electric and magnetic fields. We also use a stochastic
integration method to study diffusive shock acceleration including large-scale
magnetic variations. The results can explain the observations of anomalous
cosmic rays by Voyager 1. Chapter 4 studies electron acceleration at a shock in
a turbulent magnetic field by combining hybrid simulations and test-particle
simulations. The acceleration is enhanced by including large-scale turbulence.
Since electrons mainly follow field lines, the field-line braiding allows
electrons interacting with shock many times. Ripples also contribute to
acceleration by mirroring electrons. The process favors perpendicular shocks.
We discuss the implication to SEPs by comparing the acceleration of electrons
with that of protons. The intensity correlation of electrons and ions in SEPs
implies perpendicular shocks play important roles in accelerating particles.

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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: nlin
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The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
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The categories of this paper are: cond-mat