Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Colors of a Second Earth: Estimating the fractional areas of ocean,
  land, and vegetation of Earth-like exoplanets   Characterizing the surfaces of rocky exoplanets via the scattered light will
be an essential challenge to investigate the existence of life on habitable
exoplanets. We present a simple reconstruction method for fractional areas of
different surface types from photometric variations, or colors, of a second
Earth. We create mock light curves for Earth without clouds using empirical
data. Then these light curves are fitted to the isotropic scattering model
consisting of 4 surface types: ocean, soil, snow and vegetation. In an
idealized situation where the photometric errors are only photon shot noise, we
are able to reproduce the fractional areas of those components fairly well. We
may be even able to detect a signature of vegetation from the distinct feature
of photosynthesis on the Earth, known as the red edge. In our reconstruction
method, Rayleigh scattering due to the atmosphere has an important effect, and
for terrestrial exoplanets with atmosphere similar to our Earth, it is possible
to estimate the presence of oceans and an atmosphere simultaneously.

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The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: eess