Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Is cosmic birefringence due to dark energy or dark matter? A tomographic
  approach   A pseudoscalar "axionlike" field, $\phi$, may explain the $3\sigma$ hint of
cosmic birefringence observed in the $EB$ power spectrum of the cosmic
microwave background (CMB) polarization data. Is $\phi$ dark energy or dark
matter? A tomographic approach can answer this question. The effective mass of
dark energy field responsible for the accelerated expansion of the Universe
today must be smaller than $m_\phi\simeq 10^{-33}$ eV. If $m_\phi \gtrsim
10^{-32}$ eV, $\phi$ starts evolving before the epoch of reionization and we
should observe different amounts of birefringence from the $EB$ power spectrum
at low ($l\lesssim 10$) and high multipoles. Such an observation, which
requires a full-sky satellite mission, would rule out $\phi$ being dark energy.
If $m_\phi \gtrsim 10^{-28}$ eV, $\phi$ starts oscillating during the epoch of
recombination, leaving a distinct signature in the $EB$ power spectrum at high
multipoles, which can be measured precisely by ground-based CMB observations.
Our tomographic approach relies on the shape of the $EB$ power spectrum and is
less sensitive to miscalibration of polarization angles.

33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
2
The categories of this paper are: math