Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: A New 3D Segmentation Technique for QCT Scans of the Lumbar Spine to
  Determine BMD and Vertebral Geometry   Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) is a standard method to determine bone
mineral density (BMD) in the spine. Traditionally single 8 - 10 mm thick slices
have been analyzed only. Current spiral CT scanners provide true 3D acquisition
schemes allowing for a more differential BMD analysis and an assessment of
geometric parameters, which may improve fracture prediction. We developed a
novel 3D segmentation approach that combines deformable balloons, multi seeded
volume growing, and dedicated morphological operations to extract the vertebral
bodies. An anatomy-oriented coordinate system attached automatically to each
vertebra is used to define volumes of interest. We analyzed intra-operator
precision of the segmentation procedure using abdominal scans from 10 patients
(60 mAs, 120 kV, slice thickness 1mm, B40s, Siemens Sensation 16). Our new
segmentation method shows excellent precision errors in the order of < 1 % for
BMD and < 2 % for volume.

23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys