Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: A Common Central Engine for Long Gamma Ray Bursts and Type Ib/c
  Supernovae?   Long-duration, spectrally-soft Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are associated with
Type Ic Core Collapse (CC) Supernovae (SNe), and thus arise from the death of
massive stars. In the collapsar model, the jet launched by the central engine
must bore its way out of the progenitor star before it can produce a GRB. Most
of these jets do not break out, and are instead "choked" inside the star, as
the central-engine activity time, $t_{\rm e}$, is not long enough. Modelling
the long-soft GRB duration distribution assuming a power-law distribution for
their central-engine activity times, $\propto t_{\rm e}^{-\alpha}$ for $t_{\rm
e}>t_{\rm b}$, we find a steep distribution ($\alpha\sim4$) and a typical GRB
jet breakout time of $t_{\rm b}\sim 60\text{ s}$ in the star's frame. The
latter suggests the presence of a low-density, extended envelope surrounding
the progenitor star, similar to that previously inferred for low-luminosity
GRBs. Extrapolating the range of validity of this power law below what is
directly observable, to $t_{\rm e}<t_{\rm b}$, by only a factor of $\sim$4-5
produces enough events to account for all Type Ib/c SNe. Such extrapolation is
necessary to avoid fine-tuning the distribution of central engine activity
times with the breakout time, which are presumably unrelated. We speculate that
central engines launching relativistic jets may operate in all Type Ib/c SNe.
In this case, the existence of a common central engine would imply that (i) the
jet may significantly contribute to the energy of the SN; (ii) various
observational signatures, like the asphericity of the explosion, could be
directly related to jet's interaction with the star.

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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
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The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: supr-con
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: stat
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas