Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Testing a Predictive Theoretical Model for the Mass Loss Rates of Cool
  Stars   The basic mechanisms responsible for producing winds from cool, late-type
stars are still largely unknown. We take inspiration from recent progress in
understanding solar wind acceleration to develop a physically motivated model
of the time-steady mass loss rates of cool main-sequence stars and evolved
giants. This model follows the energy flux of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence
from a subsurface convection zone to its eventual dissipation and escape
through open magnetic flux tubes. We show how Alfven waves and turbulence can
produce winds in either a hot corona or a cool extended chromosphere, and we
specify the conditions that determine whether or not coronal heating occurs.
These models do not utilize arbitrary normalization factors, but instead
predict the mass loss rate directly from a star's fundamental properties. We
take account of stellar magnetic activity by extending standard
age-activity-rotation indicators to include the evolution of the filling factor
of strong photospheric magnetic fields. We compared the predicted mass loss
rates with observed values for 47 stars and found significantly better
agreement than was obtained from the popular scaling laws of Reimers,
Schroeder, and Cuntz. The algorithm used to compute cool-star mass loss rates
is provided as a self-contained and efficient computer code. We anticipate that
the results from this kind of model can be incorporated straightforwardly into
stellar evolution calculations and population synthesis techniques.

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The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: stat
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
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The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
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The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: cs