Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Protein Microarrays with Carbon Nanotubes as Multi-Color Raman Labels   Detection of biomolecules is important in proteomics and clinical diagnosis
and treatment of diseases. Here, we apply functionalized, macromolecular,
single walled carbon nanotubes SWNTs as multi-color Raman labels to protein
arrays for highly sensitive, multiplexed protein detection. Raman detection
utilizes the sharp peaks of SWNTs with minimal background interference,
affording a high signal to noise ratio needed for ultra-sensitive detection.
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering SERS combined with the strong resonance Raman
intensity of SWNTs, affords detection sensitivity down to 1 fM, a three order
of magnitude improvement over most of reported fluorescence-based protein
detections. We show that human autoantibodies to Proteinase 3 aPR3, a biomarker
for the autoimmune disease Wegeners granulomatosis, is detected by Raman in
human serum up to a 107 dilution. Moreover, SWNT Raman tags are stable against
photobleaching and quenching, and by conjugating different antibodies to pure
12C and 13C SWNT isotopes, we demonstrate two-color SWNT Raman-based protein
detection in a multiplexed fashion.

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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: nlin
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The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: supr-con
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The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin