Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Solute hydrogen and deuterium observed at the near atomic scale in
  high-strength steel   Observing solute hydrogen (H) in matter is a formidable challenge, yet,
enabling quantitative imaging of H at the atomic-scale is critical to
understand its deleterious influence on the mechanical strength of many
metallic alloys that has resulted in many catastrophic failures of engineering
parts and structures. Here, we report on the APT analysis of hydrogen (H) and
deuterium (D) within the nanostructure of an ultra-high strength steel with
high resistance to hydrogen embrittlement. Cold drawn, severely deformed
pearlitic steel wires (Fe-0.98C-0.31Mn-0.20Si-0.20Cr-0.01Cu-0.006P-0.007S wt.%,
{\epsilon}=3.1) contains cementite decomposed during the pre-deformation of the
alloy and ferrite. We find H and D within the decomposed cementite, and at some
interfaces with the surrounding ferrite. To ascertain the origin of the H/D
signal obtained in APT, we explored a series of experimental workflows
including cryogenic specimen preparation and cryogenic-vacuum transfer from the
preparation into a state-of-the-art atom probe. Our study points to the
critical role of the preparation, i.e. the possible saturation of H-trapping
sites during electrochemical polishing, how these can be alleviated by the use
of an outgassing treatment, cryogenic preparation and transfer prior to
charging. Accommodation of large amounts of H in the under-stoichiometric
carbide likely explains the resistance of pearlite against hydrogen
embrittlement.

20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
18
The categories of this paper are: econ