Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: The storage effect is not about bet-hedging or population
  stage-structure   The storage effect is a well-known explanation for the coexistence of
competing species in temporally varying environments. Like many complex
ecological theories, the storage effect is often used as an explanation for
observed coexistence on the basis of heuristic understanding, rather than
careful application of a detailed model. But, a careful examination of some
widely employed heuristic representations of the storage effect shows that they
can be misleading. One interpretation of the storage effect states that species
coexist by specializing on a small slice of all environmental states, and
therefore must have a robust life-stage (e.g., long-lived adults, a seedbank)
in order to "wait it out" for a good year. Another more general interpretation
states that "buffering" helps species "wait it out", where "buffering" means
populations are protected from large losses when the environment is poor and
competition is high. Here, we show that both of these conventional
interpretations are imperfect. Multiple models show that stage-structure, long
lifespans, and overlapping generations are not required for the storage effect.
Further, a species that experiences buffering necessarily grows poorly when the
environment is favorable and competition is high. We review the empirical
literature and conclude that species are likely to find themselves in this
good-environment/high-competition scenario, and therefore, that buffering tends
to hurt individual species. The buffering interpretation of the storage effect
can be thought of as conflating a community-level criterion for coexistence
with a population-level criterion for persistence; it is like claiming that
species can persist by limiting their own growth rates, since the
Lotka-Volterra model tells us that intraspecific competition must be greater
than interspecific competition.

23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
3
The categories of this paper are: physics