Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Theory-independent limits on correlations from generalised Bayesian
  networks   Bayesian networks provide a powerful tool for reasoning about probabilistic
causation, used in many areas of science. They are, however, intrinsically
classical. In particular, Bayesian networks naturally yield the Bell
inequalities. Inspired by this connection, we generalise the formalism of
classical Bayesian networks in order to investigate non-classical correlations
in arbitrary causal structures. Our framework of `generalised Bayesian
networks' replaces latent variables with the resources of any generalised
probabilistic theory, most importantly quantum theory, but also, for example,
Popescu-Rohrlich boxes. We obtain three main sets of results. Firstly, we prove
that all of the observable conditional independences required by the classical
theory also hold in our generalisation; to obtain this, we extend the classical
$d$-separation theorem to our setting. Secondly, we find that the
theory-independent constraints on probabilities can go beyond these conditional
independences. For example we find that no probabilistic theory predicts
perfect correlation between three parties using only bipartite common causes.
Finally, we begin a classification of those causal structures, such as the Bell
scenario, that may yield a separation between classical, quantum and
general-probabilistic correlations.

4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph