Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: The Second Law of Steady State Thermodynamics for Nonequilibrium Quantum
  Dynamics   The second law of ordinary thermodynamics and the second law of steady state
thermodynamics, as proposed by Oono and Paniconi, are investigated from the
microscopic point of view for the open quantum system. Based on the H-theorem
of Lindblad, we show that both second laws are consistent with the quantum
dynamics generated by the completely positive map. In addition, microscopic
expressions of entropy production and ``housekeeping heat'' are obtained for
some classes of dynamical quantum systems.

12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin