Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Superposition as memory: unlocking quantum automatic complexity   Imagine a lock with two states, "locked" and "unlocked", which may be
manipulated using two operations, called 0 and 1. Moreover, the only way to
(with certainty) unlock using four operations is to do them in the sequence
0011, i.e., $0^n1^n$ where $n=2$. In this scenario one might think that the
lock needs to be in certain further states after each operation, so that there
is some memory of what has been done so far. Here we show that this memory can
be entirely encoded in superpositions of the two basic states "locked" and
"unlocked", where, as dictated by quantum mechanics, the operations are given
by unitary matrices. Moreover, we show using the Jordan--Schur lemma that a
similar lock is not possible for $n=60$.
  We define the semi-classical quantum automatic complexity $Q_{s}(x)$ of a
word $x$ as the infimum in lexicographic order of those pairs of nonnegative
integers $(n,q)$ such that there is a subgroup $G$ of the projective unitary
group PU$(n)$ with $|G|\le q$ and with $U_0,U_1\in G$ such that, in terms of a
standard basis $\{e_k\}$ and with $U_z=\prod_k U_{z(k)}$, we have $U_x e_1=e_2$
and $U_y e_1 \ne e_2$ for all $y\ne x$ with $|y|=|x|$. We show that $Q_s$ is
unbounded and not constant for strings of a given length. In particular, \[
  Q_{s}(0^21^2)\le (2,12) < (3,1) \le Q_{s}(0^{60}1^{60}) \] and
$Q_s(0^{120})\le (2,121)$.

9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org