Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Magnetic Properties of Dust Grains, Effect of Precession and Radiative
  Torque Alignment   Alignment of dust grains in astrophysical environments results in the
polarization of starlight as well as the polarization of radiation emitted by
dust. We demonstrate the advances in grain alignment theory allow the use of
linear and circular polarization to probe not only the magnetic field, but also
dust composition, the dust environment, etc. We revisit the process of grain
alignment by Radiative Torques (RATs) and focus on constraining magnetic
susceptibility of grains via observations. We discuss the possibility of
observational testing of the magnetic properties of grains as the alignment
changes from being in respect to the magnetic field to being in respect to the
radiation direction. This opens both a possibility of constraining the
uncertain parameters of the RATs theory and provides a new way of measuring
magnetic fields in interstellar medium and circumstellar regions. We provide a
detailed discussion of the precession induced both by the magnetic field and
the anisotropic radiation and revisit a number of key processes related to
magnetic response of the grains. We consider various effects that increase the
rate of magnetic relaxation both in silicate and carbonaceous grains. In
particular, we find a new relaxation process related to the change of the
amplitude of internal magnetization within a wobbling triaxial grain and
identify a range of grain sizes in which this effect can dominate the internal
alignment of angular momentum within grain axes. We show that these relaxation
processes significantly change the dynamics of grains in the presence of RATs.
We apply our analysis for observed grain alignment in special environments to
put constraints on the enhanced magnetic properties of dust grains in the cloud
near supernovae, in cometary coma, and protoplanetary disks.

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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: stat
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The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: eess
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: physics
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The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an