Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: A little known astronomer in the late Islamic period. A study of Qasim
  ali al-Qayini's manuscripts   It is widely believed that the advance of science in the Islamic world after
the mid-fifteenth century A.D. suffered a decline. For the purpose of examining
this belief, a manuscript by Qasim ali al-Qayini (ca. A.D.1685) was chosen
based on previous works which considered it a valuable source on the history of
optics that had not been studied before. After studying his major optical
manuscript, titled Manazir wa Maraya, it was found very interesting that the
majority of al-Qayini's propositions relating to natural phenomena were not
merely geometrical definitions, but that the proofs related to astronomy. As an
example, in one case, which had not been explained in previous astronomical and
optical manuscripts, al-Qayini tried, despite lacking a vigorous proof, to show
how a special point in a room could be lit up by sunlight throughout the year.
His particular interest in astronomy led us to a general study of his other
works, and it is worth noting that out of the nineteen works that have been
attributed to him, eleven are devoted to astronomy and have not been thoroughly
studied. Much more research is required on his astronomical manuscripts in
order to obtain a better understanding of this author, the century in which he
lived and the general state of science in the late Islamic period. After all,
given the many as-yet unstudied manuscripts that still exist, maybe this
decline was not as rapid as has previously been assumed.

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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: supr-con
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The categories of this paper are: q-bio
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat