Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: What is the likelihood function, and how is it used in particle physics?   Likelihood functions are ubiquitous in data analyses at the LHC and elsewhere
in particle physics. Partly because "probability" and "likelihood" are virtual
synonyms in everyday English, but crucially distinct in data analysis, there is
great potential for confusion. Furthermore, each of various approaches to
statistical inference (likelihoodist, Neyman-Pearson, Bayesian) uses the
likelihood function in different ways. This note is intended to provide a brief
introduction at the advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate student level,
citing a few papers giving examples and containing numerous pointers to the
vast literature on likelihood. The Likelihood Principle (routinely violated in
particle physics analyses) is mentioned as an unresolved issue in the
philosophical foundations of statistics.

23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph