Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Bayesian sample sizes for exploratory clinical trials comparing multiple
  experimental treatments with a control   In this paper, a Bayesian approach is developed for simultaneously comparing
multiple experimental treatments with a common control treatment in an
exploratory clinical trial. The sample size is set to ensure that, at the end
of the study, there will be at least one treatment for which the investigators
have a strong belief that it is better than control, or else they have a strong
belief that none of the experimental treatments are substantially better than
control. This criterion bears a direct relationship with conventional
frequentist power requirements, while allowing prior opinion to feature in the
analysis with a consequent reduction in sample size. If it is concluded that at
least one of the experimental treatments shows promise, then it is envisaged
that one or more of these promising treatments will be developed further in a
definitive phase III trial. The approach is developed in the context of
normally distributed responses sharing a common standard deviation regardless
of treatment. To begin with, the standard deviation will be assumed known when
the sample size is calculated. The final analysis will not rely upon this
assumption, although the intended properties of the design may not be achieved
if the anticipated standard deviation turns out to be inappropriate. Methods
that formally allow for uncertainty about the standard deviation, expressed in
the form of a Bayesian prior, are then explored. Illustrations of the sample
sizes computed from the new method are presented, and comparisons are made with
frequentist methods devised for the same situation.

4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn