Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Numerical simulation of wave propagation and snow failure from explosive
  loading   Avalanche control by explosion is a widely applied method to minimize the
avalanche risk to infrastructure in snow-covered mountain areas. However, the
mechanisms involved leading from an explosion to the release of an avalanche
are not well understood. Here we test the hypothesis that weak layers fail due
to the stress caused by propagating acoustic waves. The underlying mechanism is
that the stress induced by the acoustic waves exceeds the strength of the snow
layers. We compare field measurements to a numerical simulation of acoustic
wave propagation in a porous material. The simulation consists of an acoustic
domain for the air above the snowpack and a poroelastic domain for the dry
snowpack. The two domains are connected by a wave field decomposition and open
pore boundary conditions. Empirical relations are used to derive a porous model
of the snowpack from density profiles of the field experiment. Biot's equations
are solved in the poroelastic domain to obtain simulated accelerations in the
snowpack and a time dependent stress field. Locations of snow failure were
identified by comparing the principal normal and shear stress fields to snow
strength which is assumed to be a function of snow porosity. One air pressure
measurement above the snowpack was used to calibrate the pressure amplitude of
the source in the simulation. Additional field measurements of air pressure and
acceleration measurements inside the snowpack were compared to individual field
variables of the simulation. The acceleration of the air flowing inside the
pore space of the snowpack was identified to have the highest correlation to
the acceleration measurements in the snowpack.

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The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
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The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
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The categories of this paper are: q-bio
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: hep-th
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: cs
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph