Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Universal spin-Hall conductance fluctuations in two dimensions   We report a theoretical investigation on spin-Hall conductance fluctuation of
disordered four terminal devices in the presence of Rashba or/and Dresselhaus
spin-orbital interactions in two dimensions. As a function of disorder, the
spin-Hall conductance $G_{sH}$ shows ballistic, diffusive and insulating
transport regimes. For given spin-orbit interactions, a universal spin-Hall
conductance fluctuation (USCF) is found in the diffusive regime. The value of
the USCF depends on the spin-orbit coupling $t_{so}$, but is independent of
other system parameters. It is also independent of whether Rashba or
Dresselhaus or both spin-orbital interactions are present. When $t_{so}$ is
comparable to the hopping energy $t$, the USCF is a universal number $\sim 0.18
e/4\pi$. The distribution of $G_{sH}$ crosses over from a Gaussian distribution
in the metallic regime to a non-Gaussian distribution in the insulating regime
as the disorder strength is increased.

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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: supr-con
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The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
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The categories of this paper are: stat
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom