Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Thermodynamic approach to electric quadrupole moments   Higher-rank electric/magnetic multipole moments are attracting attention
these days as candidate order parameters for exotic material phases. However,
quantum-mechanical formulation of those multipole moments is still an ongoing
issue. In this paper, we propose a thermodynamic definition of electric
quadrupole moments as a measure of symmetry breaking, following previous
studies of orbital magnetic dipole moments and magnetic quadrupole moments. The
obtained formulas are illustrated with a model of orbital-ordered nematic
phases of iron-based superconductors.

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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: eess
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The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: q-bio
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
18
The categories of this paper are: econ