Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Triggering one dimensional phase transition with defects at the graphene
  zigzag edge   One well-known argument about one dimensional(1D) system is that 1D phase
transition at finite temperature cannot exist, despite this concept depends on
conditions such as range of interaction, external fields and periodicity.
Therefore 1D systems usually have random fluctuations with intrinsic domain
walls arising which naturally bring disorder during transition. Herein we
introduce a real 1D system in which artificially created defects can induce a
well-defined 1D phase transition. The dynamics of structural reconstructions at
graphene zigzag edges are examined by in situ aberration corrected transmission
electron microscopy (ACTEM). Combined with an in-depth analysis by ab-initio
simulations and quantum chemical molecular dynamics (QM/MD), the complete
defect induced 1D phase transition dynamics at graphene zigzag edge is clearly
demonstrated and understood on the atomic scale. Further, following this phase
transition scheme, graphene nanoribbons (GNR) with different edge symmetries
can be fabricated, and according to our electronic structure and quantum
transport calculations, a metal-insulator-semiconductor transition for
ultrathin GNRs is proposed.

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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
2
The categories of this paper are: math
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: stat
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: eess