Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Probing liquid surface waves, liquid properties and liquid films with
  light diffraction   Surface waves on liquids act as a dynamical phase grating for incident light.
In this article, we revisit the classical method of probing such waves
(wavelengths of the order of mm) as well as inherent properties of liquids and
liquid films on liquids, using optical diffraction. A combination of simulation
and experiment is proposed to trace out the surface wave profiles in various
situations (\emph{eg.} for one or more vertical, slightly immersed,
electrically driven exciters). Subsequently, the surface tension and the
spatial damping coefficient (related to viscosity) of a variety of liquids are
measured carefully in order to gauge the efficiency of measuring liquid
properties using this optical probe. The final set of results deal with liquid
films where dispersion relations, surface and interface modes, interfacial
tension and related issues are investigated in some detail, both theoretically
and experimentally. On the whole, our observations and analyses seem to support
the claim that this simple, low--cost apparatus is capable of providing a
wealth of information on liquids and liquid surface waves in a non--destructive
way.

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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
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The categories of this paper are: eess
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: bayes-an