Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Time-modulated excitation for enhanced single molecule localization
  microscopy   Structured illumination in Single Molecule Localization Microscopy provides
new information on the position of molecules and thus improves the localization
precision compared to standard localization methods. Here, we used a
time-shifted sinusoidal excitation pattern to modulate the fluorescence signal
of the molecules whose position information is carried by the phase and
recovered by synchronous demodulation. We designed two flexible fast
demodulation systems located upstream of the camera, allowing us to overcome
the limiting camera acquisition frequency and thus to maximize the collection
of photons in the demodulation process. The temporally modulated fluorescence
signal was then sampled synchronously on the same image, repeatedly during
acquisition. This microscopy, called ModLoc, allows to experimentally improve
the localization precision by a factor of 2.4 in one direction, compared to
classical Gaussian fitting methods. A temporal study and an experimental
demonstration both show that the short lifetimes of the molecules in blinking
regimes impose a modulation frequency in the kilohertz range, which is beyond
the reach of current cameras. A demodulation system operating at these
frequencies would thus be necessary to take full advantage of this new
localization approach.

1
The categories of this paper are: cs
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: eess
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol