who came up with the broken windows theory?
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Broken windows theory, academic theory proposed by James Q. Wilson and George Kelling in 1982 that used broken windows as a metaphor for disorder within neighbourhoods. Their theory links disorder and incivility within a community to subsequent occurrences of serious crime.
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The Big Idea. Alan Kay coined the term “object oriented programming” at grad school in 1966 or 1967. The big idea was to use encapsulated mini-computers in software which communicated via message passing rather than direct data sharing — to stop breaking down programs into separate “data structures” and “procedures”.
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In the 1930s, the famous British economist, John Maynard Keynes assigned people's expectations about the future—which he called “waves of optimism and pessimism”—a central role in determining the business cycle. However, the actual theory of rational expectations was proposed by John F.
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During his tenure at Oracle, software development expert, Dai Clegg, created the MoSCoW method. The technique was later donated to the Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM). Clegg initially designed MoSCoW as a prioritization framework for time-boxed projects.
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Economist Tim Harford explains why a complex world demands that we accept our mistakes and adapt rapidly. “Few of our own failures are fatal,” economist and Financial Times columnist Tim Harford writes in his new book, Adapt: Why Success Always Starts With Failure. This may be true, but we certainly don't act like it.
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"Who breaks a butterfly upon a wheel?" is a quotation from Alexander Pope's "Epistle to Dr Arbuthnot" of January 1735. It alludes to "breaking on the wheel", a form of torture in which victims had their long bones broken by an iron bar while tied to a Catherine wheel.
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The Johari window is a technique that helps people better understand their relationship with themselves and others. It was created by psychologists Joseph Luft (1916–2014) and Harrington Ingham (1916–1995) in 1955, and is used primarily in self-help groups and corporate settings as a heuristic exercise.
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Coined by Paul Ehrenfest in 1911 in German. From the explosion of energy at the ultraviolet end of the spectrum (away from visible and infrared light) caused by the Rayleigh-Jeans Law theory.
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Leonard Kleinrock, a Distinguished Professor of Computer Science who developed the mathematical theory of packet networks while completing his PhD at MIT in the early 60s. He was there on that day in 1969, when they turned the internet on. Dr.
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The iceberg theory or theory of omission is a writing technique coined by American writer Ernest Hemingway. As a young journalist, Hemingway had to focus his newspaper reports on immediate events, with very little context or interpretation.
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His theory is based on proposals made by French mathematician André Lichnerowicz in the 50s.
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The theory was created by behaviorist Clark Hull and further developed by his collaborator Kenneth Spence. According to the theory, the reduction of drives is the primary force behind motivation. While the drive-reduction theory of motivation was once a dominant force in psychology, it is largely ignored today.
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The drive reduction theory of motivation became popular during the 1940s and 1950s as a way to explain behavior, learning, and motivation. The theory was created by behaviorist Clark Hull and further developed by his collaborator Kenneth Spence.
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Created in 1955 by Joseph Luft and Harry Ingham, the model is used to help individuals better understand themselves and how they are perceived by others. The window consists of four segments (or panes) of human interaction: open, hidden, blind and unknown.
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The corpuscular theory was largely developed by Isaac Newton. Newton's theory was predominant for more than 100 years and took precedence over Huygens' wave theory of light, partly because of Newton's great prestige.
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Gilbert Ryle authored The Concept of Mind. He also followed ordinary language philosophy. ... Arguing that the mind does not exist and therefore can't be the seat of self, Ryle believed that self comes from behavior. We're all just a bundle of behaviors caused by the physical workings of the body.
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But black windows are also a good choice. Although they are a big trend right now, black windows are not new. They come from the greenhouses, factories, and warehouses of the 19th century, and architects have been using them as statement makers in high-end construction for decades.