what caused the eyjafjallajokull volcano to erupt in 2010?
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The eruptions of Iceland's volcano Eyjafjallajökull in 2010 were apparently triggered by a chain reaction of expanding magma chambers that descended into the Earth, a group of researchers now says. ... Intriguingly, the researchers found that microearthquakes apparently occurred at greater depths with each outburst.
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The 2010 Icelandic volcanic eruption, which disrupted European flights, also had a "significant but short-lived" impact on ocean life, a study shows. Ash from the Eyjafjallajokull volcano deposited dissolved iron into the North Atlantic, triggering a plankton bloom.
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Volcanic eruptions happen when lava and gas are discharged from a volcanic vent. The most common consequences of this are population movements as large numbers of people are often forced to flee the moving lava flow. Volcanic eruptions often cause temporary food shortages and volcanic ash landslides called Lahar.
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The eruptions of Iceland's volcano Eyjafjallajökull in 2010 were apparently triggered by a chain reaction of expanding magma chambers that descended into the Earth, a group of researchers now says.
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The spectacular 8 x 10 km Crater Lake caldera in the southern Cascades of Oregon formed about 7,700 years ago as a result of the collapse of a complex of overlapping shield and stratovolcanoes known as Mount Mazama.
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Geological history Volcanic activity first took place at Etna about 500,000 years ago, with eruptions occurring beneath the sea off the ancient coastline of Sicily. ... The growth of the mountain was occasionally interrupted by major eruptions, leading to the collapse of the summit to form calderas.
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Mount Rainier as seen from the crater rim of Mount St. Helens, overlooking Spirit Lake. Mount Rainier is an episodically active composite volcano, also called a stratovolcano. Volcanic activity began between one half and one million years ago, with the most recent eruption cycle ending about 1,000 years ago.
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Volcanoes erupt when molten rock called magma rises to the surface. Magma is formed when the earth's mantle melts. Melting may happen where tectonic plates are pulling apart or where one plate is pushed down under another. Magma is lighter than rock so rises towards the Earth's surface.
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History of eruptions and current monitoring Eyjafjallajökull last erupted in 1821, and the eruption continued intermittently for around two years. A major eruption then began at a nearby volcano, Katla, in 1823.
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IS EYJAFJALLAJOKULL A COMPOSITE VOLCANO? Yes. A composite volcano is just another word for stratovolcano. This means that the volcano is made up of layers of ash, lava, and solid stone.
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Besides ash emissions, lightning strikes and an earthquake swarm were recorded at the volcano in the 24 hours prior to the May 15 bulletin. ... Eyjafjallajökull (or Eyjafjöll) is a stratovolcano composed to alternating layers of hardened lava, solidified ash, and rocks thrown out by previous eruptions.
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Taal Volcano, Philippines The smallest supervolcano that has formed on the planet 500 000 years ago. The volcano's caldera has a wonderful lake, which changes after every eruption. After the last, the lake has received a new 23 square kilometres island. Taal Volcano is one of the most active volcanoes in the world.
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Crater Lake partially fills a type of volcanic depression called a caldera that formed by the collapse of a 3,700 m (12,000 ft) volcano known as Mount Mazama during an enormous eruption approximately 7,700 years ago. The climactic (caldera-forming) eruption of Mount Mazama changed the landscape all around the volcano.
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Situated to the north of Skógar and to the west of the larger ice cap Mýrdalsjökull, Eyjafjallajökull covers the caldera of a volcano 1,666 m (5,466 ft) high, which has erupted relatively frequently since the last ice age. The most recent major eruptions occurred in 920, 1612, and from 1821 to 1823.
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Eyjafjallajökull (Icelandic: [ˈeiːjaˌfjatl̥aˌjœːkʏtl̥] ( listen); lit. 'island mountain glacier') is one of the smaller ice caps of Iceland, north of Skógar and west of Mýrdalsjökull. The ice cap covers the caldera of a volcano with a summit elevation of 1,651 metres (5,417 ft).
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The volcanic island Whakaari / White Island in New Zealand's northeastern Bay of Plenty region explosively erupted on 9 December 2019 at 14:11 NZDT (01:11 UTC). ... Experts identified the event as a phreatic eruption: a release of steam and volcanic gases that caused an explosion, launching rock and ash into the air.
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Explosive volcanism. Part of Hall of Planet Earth. Most explosive eruptions occur in volcanoes above subduction zones, where one tectonic plate dives beneath the other. Eighty to 120 kilometers below the surface, magma forms when the rocks of the mantle melt just above the subducting plate.