who developed the constructivist learning theory?
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Social constructivism was developed by Lev Vygotsky (1978, p. 57) who suggested that, Every function in the child's cultural development appears twice: first, on the social level and, later on, on the individual level; first, between people (interpsychological) and then inside the child (intrapsychological).
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Observational Learning. ... Observational learning is the process of learning to respond in a particular way by watching others, who are called models. Observational learning is also called “vicarious conditioning” because it involves learning by watching others acquire responses through classical or operant conditioning.
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Jean Piaget (1896–1980) believed that children's play had an important role in constructivism and learning. His theory expounds that we learn through assimilation and accommodation. Piaget's theory of constructivism is one of “Cognitive Constructivism”.
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David Ausubel is a psychologist who advanced a theory which contrasted meaningful learning from rote learning. In Ausubel's view, to learn meaningfully, students must relate new knowledge (concepts and propositions) to what they already know. ... These more inclusive concepts or ideas are advance organizers.
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The constructivist theory posits that knowledge can only exist within the human mind, and that it does not have to match any real world reality (Driscoll, 2000). Learners will be constantly trying to develop their own individual mental model of the real world from their perceptions of that world.
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Cognitive learning is characterized by comprehension, organizing ideas and applying knowledge through choice and evaluation. When children play with puzzles, they learn the power of choice and strategy as they begin to recognize and thoughtfully understand how pieces fit together to complete a larger picture.
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The contingency theory of leadership was proposed by the Austrian psychologist Fred Edward Fiedler in his landmark 1964 article, "A Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness." The contingency theory emphasizes the importance of both the leader's personality and the situation in which that leader operates.
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Avram Noam Chomsky (born December 7, 1928) is an American linguist, philosopher, cognitive scientist, historian, social critic, and political activist. Sometimes called "the father of modern linguistics", Chomsky is also a major figure in analytic philosophy and one of the founders of the field of cognitive science.
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McClelland achievement and acquired needs theory. In his in his 1961 book 'The Achieving Society', David McClelland expounds on his acquired-needs theory. He proposed that an individual's specific needs are acquired over time and are shaped by one's life experiences. He described three types of motivational need.
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A study of the literature demonstrates that moral development is integrally connected to both intellectual development and social learning. Joan Freeman, in Gifted Children (1979), points out that most modern psychologists agree that social learning is a reality and that it takes place via cognitive mediation.
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Mathematical learning theory is an attempt to describe and explain behavior in quantitative terms. A number of psychologists have attempted to develop such theories (e.g., Hull< ; Estes; Restle & Greeno, 1970). The work of R. C. ... Atkinson (1972) discusses the problem of optimizing instruction.
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Three approaches to teaching and learning in education: Behavioral, piagetian, and information-processing.
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Learning theories deal with principles of how an individual acquires, retains and recalls knowledge. Learning methods deals with methods of teaching - learning process like visual, aural, physical and verbal. All the three are supplementary to each other.
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The situational theory of publics was developed by J. E. Grunig in 1968. He theorized that there are specific variables that determine a person's inclusion into one of four publics. These three variables are problem recognition, constraint recognition and level of involvement (Grunig, 1989).
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Classical conditioning (also known as Pavlovian conditioning) is learning through association and was discovered by Pavlov, a Russian physiologist. In simple terms, two stimuli are linked together to produce a new learned response in a person or animal.
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Albert Bandura claims that children continually learn desirable and undesirable behavior through observational learning. ... This basically occurs when an individual first learns a behavior by observing another individual and that individual serves as a model through whom other individuals learn the behavior, and so on.
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Social constructivism is related to but distinct from sociocultural theory (Vygotsky, 1978). While both theories give importance to the contextual nature of learning and the construction of knowledge, sociocultural theory places emphasis on the mediating role of historically situated cultural tools and artefacts.