what are the cause of goitre?
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The most common cause of goiters worldwide is a lack of iodine in the diet. In the United States, where the use of iodized salt is common, a goiter is more often due to the over- or underproduction of thyroid hormones or to nodules in the gland itself.
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The patient may have generalized neck pain, sore throat, fever, chills, and a tender thyroid. The inflammation of the thyroid causes an increased amount of thyroid hormone to be secreted into the body, causing hyperthyroidism.
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In many cases it is attacked by the body's own immune system through autoimmune thyroiditis, the most common of which is known as Hashimoto's disease. This can cause the gland to become swollen, leading to a lump in the throat known as a goiter.
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Hypothyroidism. One of the most common results of low iodine is that your thyroid can't make enough thyroid hormone, a condition called hypothyroidism. This might inflame the gland and cause a goiter, but not always. It could also thin your hair, dry your skin, and make you feel cold, tired, constipated, and depressed.
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When the thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroid hormone (hypothyroidism) or produces too much thyroid hormone (hyperthyroidism), high blood pressure can result. Hyperparathyroidism.
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The most common cause of an over-active thyroid (hyperthyroidism) is Graves' disease. If it is untreated you may have lighter, irregular periods and find it difficult to conceive. After treatment, if you are planning to have a baby you should first have a blood test to check your thyroid function.
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Inflammation from Hashimoto's disease, also known as chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, often leads to an underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism). Hashimoto's disease is the most common cause of hypothyroidism. It primarily affects middle-aged women but can also occur in men and women of any age and in children.
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A goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland. As shown here, an enlarged thyroid can be seen as a swelling in the front of the neck. A goiter can occur with either hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. It can sometimes also result from tumors or nodules that develop within the thyroid gland.
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Iodine-rich foods Too much iodine can make hyperthyroidism worse by leading the thyroid gland to produce too much thyroid hormone. A person with hyperthyroidism should avoid eating excessive amounts of iodine-rich foods, such as: iodized salt.
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['Being female.', 'Being over age 60.', 'Recent pregnancy.', 'Having an autoimmune disease (such as type 1 diabetes)', 'Family history of thyroid disease or autoimmune disease.', 'Personal history of thyroid problems, like goiter (an abnormally large thyroid gland) or having had thyroid surgery.']
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Thyroid problems. When the thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroid hormone (hypothyroidism) or produces too much thyroid hormone (hyperthyroidism), high blood pressure can result.
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Gout is caused by a condition known as hyperuricemia, where there is too much uric acid in the body. The body makes uric acid when it breaks down purines, which are found in your body and the foods you eat.
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Causes of Hyperthyroidism Toxic nodule - A single nodule or lump in the thyroid can produce more thyroid hormone than the body needs and lead to hyperthyroidism. Toxic multinodular goiter - If the thyroid gland has several nodules, those nodules can sometimes produce too much thyroid hormone causing hyperthyroidism.
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If the levels of thyroid hormone drop, the pituitary gland makes more TSH to stimulate the thyroid gland to work harder and make more thyroid hormone. Accordingly, an increased level of TSH strongly suggests the presence of hypothyroidism.
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Yes, if you get too much. Getting high levels of iodine can cause some of the same symptoms as iodine deficiency, including goiter (an enlarged thyroid gland). High iodine intakes can also cause thyroid gland inflammation and thyroid cancer.
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Less often, low thyroid level comes from a problem outside the gland. The culprit may be the pituitary gland at the base of the brain, which directs your thyroid to make its hormone. If a tumor, surgery, or radiation damages your pituitary, it may not be able to give instructions to the thyroid.
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A goiter can sometimes occur when your thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone (hyperthyroidism). In someone who has Graves' disease, antibodies produced by the immune system mistakenly attack the thyroid gland, causing it to produce excess thyroxine. This overstimulation causes the thyroid to swell.