what are the key concepts of attachment theory?
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Characteristics of Attachment There are four basic characteristics that basically give us a clear view of what attachment really is. They include a safe heaven, a secure base, proximity maintenance and separation distress. These four attributes are very evident in the relationship between a child and his caregiver.
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['Showing love. ... ', 'Providing support. ... ', 'Setting limits. ... ', 'Being a role model. ... ', 'Teaching responsibility. ... ', 'Providing a range of experiences. ... ', 'Showing respect.']
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['Security. Kids must feel safe and sound, with their basic survival needs met: shelter, food, clothing, medical care and protection from harm.', 'Stability. Stability comes from family and community. ... ', 'Consistency. ... ', 'Emotional support. ... ', 'Love. ... ', 'Education. ... ', 'Positive role models. ... ', 'Structure.']
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One of the strengths of psychosocial theory is that it provides a broad framework from which to view development throughout the entire lifespan. It also allows us to emphasize the social nature of human beings and the important influence that social relationships have on development.
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['Social development. The increasing complexity of behaviour patterns used in relationships with other people.', 'Emotional development. The development of the full range of emotions and the optimal way of dealing with and expressing them.', 'Intellectual development. ... ', 'Physical development.']
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['Individuals construct meaning via the communication process.', 'Self-concept is a motivation for behavior.', 'A unique relationship exists between the individual and society.']
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['Social and emotional.', 'Language/communication.', 'Movement/physical development.', 'Cognitive (learning, thinking, problem-solving)']
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['Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) ... ', 'Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder (DSED) ... ', 'Treatment.']
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There are four basic needs: The need for Attachment; the need for Control/Orientation; the need for Pleasure/Avoidance of Pain; and the need for Self-Enhancement.
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['Developmental Psychology Issues and Debates.', 'Nature vs. Nurture.', 'Early Experience vs. Later Experience.', 'Continuity vs. Discontinuity.', 'Abnormal Behavior vs. Individual Differences.']
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['Intimacy, which involves feelings of closeness, connectedness, and bondedness.', 'Passion, which involves feelings and desires that lead to physical attraction, romance, and sexual consummation.']
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They are very independent of the attachment figure both physically and emotionally (Behrens, Hesse, & Main, 2007). They do not seek contact with the attachment figure when distressed. Such children are likely to have a caregiver who is insensitive and rejecting of their needs (Ainsworth, 1979).
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['Behaviourist approach.', 'Social learning theory.', 'Psychodynamic perspective.', 'Biological approaches.', 'Humanist approach.']
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Even though a considerable overlap between attachment and object relations constructs is expected on theoretical grounds, these might not be identical constructs, since attachment conceptualizations grasp the early basic patterns of interpersonal relationships and affect regulation, while object representations relate ...
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Stability and change in attachment patterns Attachment theory assumes that attachment patterns can endure across the lifespan. ... In contrast to these findings, a sample of 57 high risk young adults showed no significant continuity of attachment style between infancy and adulthood.
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According to attachment theory, early child–caregiver relationships affect children's emotional functioning at all levels (e.g., Cassidy & Shaver, 2008; De Rosnay & Harris, 2002), and individual differences in attachment patterns can influence the development of emotional competence from infancy to adulthood.
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Hirschi's concept of "social bond" is comprised of the following four elements: (1) attachment, (2) commitment, (3) involvement, and (4) beliefs.