what is an example of descriptive epidemiology?
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The time variable is concerned with variation in the occurrence of disease in time and its seasonality or periodicity. A hypothetical example of a descriptive epidemiologic study is the investigation of a group of workers in a factory who have what is suspected of being environmentally acquired lupus.
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Descriptive research is summarized using descriptive statistics. ... The possibility of common-causal variables makes it impossible to draw causal conclusions from correlational research designs. Experimental research involves the manipulation of an independent variable and the measurement of a dependent variable.
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['anthropology.', 'epidemiology.', 'microbiology.', 'pharmacology.', 'epistemology.', 'rheumatology.', 'parasitology.', 'ecclesiology.']
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The two main branches of statistics are descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Both of these are employed in scientific analysis of data and both are equally important for the student of statistics.
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Descriptive science is a starting point, it sets the baseline, the control state, what is known. Experimental research tests a hypothesis, which means altering a variable in the known system and seeing what happens – the result will lead you to reject or fail to reject either prove or disprove your hypothesis.
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['Experimental methods.', 'Observational methods.', 'Descriptive methods.', 'Case studies.', 'Surveys.', 'Psychometric methods.', 'Archival methods.', 'Cross-sectional methods.']
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Explanatory Research and Descriptive Research The descriptive research uses tools like mean, average, median and frequency. On the other hand, Explanatory research allows the researcher to use the tools which are more qualitative in nature.
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Epidemiology is the study (scientific, systematic, data-driven) of the distribution (frequency, pattern) and determinants (causes, risk factors) of health-related states and events (not just diseases) in specified populations (patient is community, individuals viewed collectively), and the application of (since ...
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Cross-sectional study. ... Cross-sectional studies are descriptive studies (neither longitudinal nor experimental). Unlike case-control studies, they can be used to describe, not only the odds ratio, but also absolute risks and relative risks from prevalences (sometimes called prevalence risk ratio, or PRR).
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Epidemiologist Education and Training An epidemiologist will usually have a bachelor's in a related science field, and master's degree in epidemiology. A master's degree in public health is highly desirable. You should have taken advanced graduate coursework in public health, biology and statistics.
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['Air pollution and climate change.', 'Noncommunicable diseases.', 'Threat of a global influenza pandemic.', 'Fragile and vulnerable settings, such as regions affected by drought and conflict.', 'Antimicrobial resistance.', 'Ebola and high-threat pathogens.', 'Weak primary care.', 'Vaccine hesitancy.']
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['Descriptive Analysis. Descriptive analysis provides information on the basic qualities of data and includes descriptive statistics such as range, minimum, maximum, and frequency. ... ', 'Measures of Central Tendency. ... ', 'Standard Deviation. ... ', 'Inferential Analysis. ... ', 'Normal Distribution. ... ', 'Non-Normal Distribution.']
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The epidemiologic transition describes changing patterns of population age distributions, mortality, fertility, life expectancy, and causes of death.
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The type of statistical methods used for this purpose are called descriptive statistics. They include both numerical (e.g. mean, mode, variance…) and graphical tools (e.g. histogram, boxplot…) which allow to summarize a set of data and extract important information such as central tendencies and dispersion.
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The methods that can be used in the descriptive research are: The case-study method: case study research involves an in-depth study of an individual or group of individuals; The survey method: in survey method research, participants answer questions administered through questionnaire or interviews.
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['Meta-Analysis. A way of combining data from many different research studies. ... ', 'Systematic Review. ... ', 'Randomized Controlled Trial. ... ', 'Cohort Study (Prospective Observational Study) ... ', 'Case-control Study. ... ', 'Cross-sectional study. ... ', 'Case Reports and Series. ... ', 'Ideas, Editorials, Opinions.']
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Descriptive studies are designed primarily to describe what is going on or what exists. Causal studies, which are also known as “experimental studies,” are designed to determine whether one or more variables causes or affects the value of other variables.