what is the main difference between sister chromatids and homologous pairs?
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Homologous chromosomes are 2 physically different chromosomes that have the same genes but are not genetically identical. Sister chromatids are 2 copies of a single chromosome and so are genetically identical (they also are physically attached to one another).
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Within one chromosome, what is the relationship between the sequence of bases in DNA of one sister chromatid compared to the other? the sequences are identical. DNA replication occurs?
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The chromosome is made up of two identical structures held together by a centromere. Each of these identical structures is known as chromatids. ... Sister chromatids are identical pieces of DNA held together by a centromere and pulled apart during cell division to make new identical chromosomes in the newly made cells.
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The mechanics of meiosis II is similar to mitosis, except that each dividing cell has only one set of homologous chromosomes. Therefore, each cell has half the number of sister chromatids to separate out as a diploid cell undergoing mitosis.
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These cells are haploid—have just one chromosome from each homologue pair—but their chromosomes still consist of two sister chromatids. In meiosis II, the sister chromatids separate, making haploid cells with non-duplicated chromosomes. Prophase II: Starting cells are the haploid cells made in meiosis I.
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-A chromatid always consists of two linear DNA molecules, whereas a chromosome always consists of just one linear DNA molecule. ... A chromatid is one half of a replicated chromosome, whereas a chromosome consists of DNA wrapped around proteins in a highly organized manner.
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The two members of a homologous chromosome differ from each other because they have different versions of the same gene, called alleles.
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Homologous chromosomes contain the same gene loci but may have different alleles of a particular gene. Sister chromatids are identical copies of each other produced during DNA replication.
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The two sister chromatids are separated from each other into two different cells during mitosis or during the second division of meiosis. Compare sister chromatids to homologous chromosomes, which are the two different copies of a chromosome that diploid organisms (like humans) inherit, one from each parent.
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Sister chromatids are genetically the same. That is, they are identical copies of one another specifically created for cell division. ... On the other hand, a pair of homologous chromosomes consists of two non-identical copies of a chromosome, one from each parent.
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Looking at the diagram, you might notice there are a lot of differences between meiosis I and meiosis II, including: In meiosis I, homologous chromosomes separate, while in meiosis II, sister chromatids separate. Meiosis II produces 4 haploid daughter cells, whereas meiosis I produces 2 diploid daughter cells.
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Homologous chromosomes are made up of chromosome pairs of approximately the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern, for genes with the same corresponding loci. ... The alleles on the homologous chromosomes may be different, resulting in different phenotypes of the same genes.
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Metaphase I in Meiosis The homologous pair is a representation of the same DNA but has different alleles. The homologous pairs will attach to each other during metaphase I and they undergo the alignment on the metaphase plate, unlike in mitosis where the sister chromatids are the ones that align on the metaphase plate.
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The two chromosomes in a homologous pair are very similar to one another and have the same size and shape. Most importantly, they carry the same type of genetic information: that is, they have the same genes in the same locations.
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The pairing of homologous chromosomes in prophase I allows them to move opposite of each other, in the middle of the cell, during metaphase I. ... In prophase I and II, the chromosomes are composed of two chromatids. However, in prophase II there is only half the number of chromosomes.
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A chromosome is made up of a single, double-stranded DNA molecule while a chromatid comprises of two DNA strands joining collectively by their centromere. The chromatids contain a substance called chromatin. ... In the case of chromatids, each sister chromatid is an exact replication of the other.
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Anaphase1:Homologouschromosomesareseparatedduringanaphase1. Anaphase2:Sisterchromatidsareseparatedduringanaphase2. Anaphase1:Thecentromeresofeachchromosomeinthehomologouspairremainuntouched. Anaphase2:Twosisterchromatidsareseparatedbysplittingthecentromere.