does sickle cell anemia affect more males or females?
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Although no particular gender predilection has been shown in most series, analysis of the data from the US Renal Data System demonstrated marked male predominance of sickle cell nephropathy in affected patients.
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Sickle cell disease is a group of disorders that affects hemoglobin, the molecule in red blood cells that delivers oxygen to cells throughout the body. People with this disease have atypical hemoglobin molecules called hemoglobin S, which can distort red blood cells into a sickle, or crescent, shape.
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In the United States SCD affects approximately 100,000 Americans. SCD occurs among about 1 out of every 365 Black or African-American births. SCD occurs among about 1 out of every 16,300 Hispanic-American births. About 1 in 13 Black or African-American babies is born with sickle cell trait (SCT).
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In some rare cases (<1%), hematuria may be seen in patients with sickle cell trait. Iron deficiency can lower the percentage of hemoglobin A2, which may mask a concurrent β-thalassemia.
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['People of African descent, including African-Americans (among whom 1 in 12 carries a sickle cell gene)', 'Hispanic-Americans from Central and South America.', 'People of Middle Eastern, Asian, Indian, and Mediterranean descent.']
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Hemoglobin was found to be higher in males compared to females probably due to testosterone effects on the kidneys to produce more erythropoietin that accelerates the erythropoiesis (Murphy, 2014) . ...
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Klinefelter's syndrome (KS) affects one in 600 men and Turner's syndrome (TS), one in 2500 women. These 2 diseases are the most sex chromosome disorders characterized by one extra X in the SK male (47XXY) and the loss of an X in the girls with ST (45 X).
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Sickle cell disease is more common in certain ethnic groups, including: People of African descent, including African-Americans (among whom 1 in 12 carries a sickle cell gene) Hispanic-Americans from Central and South America. People of Middle Eastern, Asian, Indian, and Mediterranean descent.
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Symptoms. Signs and symptoms of sickle cell anemia usually appear around 5 months of age. They vary from person to person and change over time.
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Any and all major organs are affected by sickle cell disease. The liver, heart, kidneys, gallbladder, eyes, bones, and joints can suffer damage from the abnormal function of the sickle cells and their inability to flow through the small blood vessels correctly.
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Sickle cell anemia is caused by a mutation in the gene that tells your body to make the iron-rich compound that makes blood red and enables red blood cells to carry oxygen from your lungs throughout your body (hemoglobin).
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Blood biochemicals: Hemoglobin was found to be higher in males as compared to the females may be due to the reason that testosterone affects on the kidneys to produce more erythropoietin that accelerates the erythropoiesis (Murphy, 2014) .
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Sickle cell disease is the most common inherited blood disorder in the United States, affecting 70,000 to 80,000 Americans. The disease is estimated to occur in 1 in 500 African Americans and 1 in 1,000 to 1,400 Hispanic Americans.
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Males have a higher hematocrit (Hct) than females. The cause of this gender-based difference is unclear. We sought to determine whether polymorphisms of the erythropoietin (EPO) gene or of its receptor (EPOR) explain this situation. We designed primers for the EPO and EPOR genes.
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Sickle cell anemia is a common and disabling disorder profoundly affecting mortality as well as quality of life. Up to 35% of men with sickle cell disease are affected by painful, prolonged erections termed ischemic priapism. A priapic episode may result in fibrosis and permanent erectile dysfunction.
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Some examples include: hearing loss, vision problems, acute chest syndrome, jaundice, priapism (persistent and painful erections), leg ulcers, gallstones, and stroke. Sickle cell anemia also can have a negative impact on the mental health of patients and may lead to depression and anxiety.
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Organ damage. Sickle cells that block blood flow to organs deprive the affected organs of blood and oxygen. In sickle cell anemia, blood is also chronically low in oxygen. This lack of oxygen-rich blood can damage nerves and organs, including your kidneys, liver and spleen, and can be fatal.