what are the fetal abnormality?
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Fetal anomalies, often referred to as birth defects, are structural changes to one or more parts of the fetus' body that increase the chance of stillbirth and can cause deficiencies in the child's health, development and quality of life.
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Abstract. Fetal vascular malperfusion is the most recent term applied to a group of placental lesions indicating reduced or absent perfusion of the villous parenchyma by the fetus. The most common etiology of malperfusion is umbilical cord obstruction leading to stasis, ischemia, and in some cases thrombosis.
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Open neural tube defects (ONTDs) are problems with the way the brain, spinal cord, or spine forms while a baby is growing in the mother's uterus. These problems occur in about 1 in every 1,500 newborn babies each year. The types of neural tube defects include: Spina bifida.
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Gestation sac size An abnormally large sac lacking an embryo is always abnormal and is usually due to an anembryonic gestation. This feature occurs in 45% of all failed first trimester pregnancies. These pregnancies contain a large number of chromosomal anomalies.
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In human beings, ultrasound examinations of babies with large spina bifida lesions early in pregnancy show that their legs move normally, whereas later in pregnancy leg movements are lost.
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Foetus in foetu (or fetus in fetu) is a developmental abnormality in which a mass of tissue resembling a foetus forms inside the body. An early example of the phenomenon was described in 1808 by George William Young. ... "Foetus in foetu" is estimated to occur in 1 in 500,000 live births.
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Nuchal translucency (NT) is the appearance on a scan, of a collection of fluid under the skin behind the baby's neck. This fluid is part of baby's normal development in the womb in early pregnancy. However, if your baby has more fluid than usual, it can be an indication of a possible health problem. Page 3.
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The normal fetal heart rate is between 120 and 160 beats per minute. Typically, an abnormally fast heart rate is over 200 beats per minute.
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The anomaly scan is an ultrasound scan that is carried out around weeks 19 to 20 of your pregnancy. This scan aims to identify any physical problems with your baby. It is usually during this scan that spina bifida is diagnosed.
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Amniocentesis (also referred to as an amniotic fluid test or, informally, an "amnio") is a medical procedure used primarily in prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities and fetal infections as well as for sex determination.
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['Prolonged labor. ... ', 'Abnormal positioning. ... ', 'Fetal distress. ... ', 'Birth defects. ... ', 'Repeat cesarean. ... ', 'Chronic health condition. ... ', 'Cord prolapse. ... ', 'Cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD)']
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Echogenic fetal bowel is an observation in antenatal ultrasound imaging, in which fetal bowel appears to be brighter than it is supposed to be. It is a soft marker for trisomy 21 and has several other associations. When observed, it needs to be interpreted in the context of other associated abnormalities.
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Amniotic band sequence (ABS) is a group of rare birth defects that are thought to result when strands of the amniotic sac detach and wrap around parts of the baby in the womb. The defects may affect the face, arms, legs, fingers, or toes.
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An ASD (Atrial Septal Defect Closure) is a congenital abnormality, present at birth, and characterised by a hole in the wall (septum) between the two top chambers of the heart. It is similar to a PFO but is larger. This abnormality occurs during the formation of the heart.
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The average fetal heart rate is between 110 and 160 beats per minute. It can vary by 5 to 25 beats per minute. The fetal heart rate may change as your baby responds to conditions in your uterus. An abnormal fetal heart rate may mean that your baby is not getting enough oxygen or that there are other problems.
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Umbilical granuloma is the most common umbilical abnormality in newborn babies. The exact cause is unknown but it is related to the tissue healing process. Many umbilical granulomas heal up by themselves and do not need any treatment.
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Fetal circulation. The fetal circulatory system includes three shunts to divert blood from undeveloped and partially functioning organs, as well as blood supply to and from the placenta. In animals that give live birth, the fetal circulation is the circulatory system of a fetus.