what trees are used to make paper in south africa?
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In South Africa, special trees – namely eucalyptus and pine – are planted, grown and harvested for the purposes of making paper products. It takes trees anywhere between 25 to 30 years to mature before they are harvested. Only 9% of the plantation is harvested annually and this area is then replanted with new trees.
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Today we use paper to make books but when people first started writing, there was no paper. They used whatever materials they could find around them- wood, leaves, clay, cloth, bark, metal, and animal skin. The way the pages were put together depended on the material being used.
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Most standard paper uses recycled wood shavings alone or mixed with a small amount of cotton – to create it's super fine and thin appearance. However, watercolor paper – since it uses water – needs to be more absorbent than traditional paper. This is why watercolor paper uses cotton intertwined in it's fibers.
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Forests consist largely of such hardwoods as teak and timber- and resin-producing trees of the Dipterocarpaceae family. As elsewhere in Southeast Asia, bamboo, palms, rattan, and many kinds of ferns are common.
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How is paper made? Most paper pulp is made from trees (mainly fast-growing, evergreen conifers), though it can also be made from bamboo, cotton, hemp, jute, and a wide range of other plant materials.
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['Acacia – False Acacia/Black Locust (Robinia pseudoacacia)', 'Alder (Alnus)', 'Ash (Fraxinus)', 'Beech (Fagus sylvatica); Copper Beech (Fagus sylvatica purpurea)', 'Birch (Betula)', 'Catalpa (Catalpa)', 'Caucasian wingnut (Pterocarya fraxinifolia)', 'Cherry (Prunus)']
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It has been estimated that based on a mixture of softwoods and hardwoods 12 metres (40 ft) tall and 15–20 centimetres (6–8 in) in diameter, it would take an average of 24 trees to produce 0.9 tonne (1 ton) of printing and writing paper, using the kraft process (chemical pulping).
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['Ash. Black ash. Green ash. White ash.', 'Aspen. Balsam poplar. Large-tooth aspen. Trembling aspen.', 'Basswood. American basswood.', 'Birch. White birch. Yellow birch.', 'Beech. North American beech.', 'Cedar. Northern white cedar.', 'Chestnut. American chestnut.', 'Dogwoods. Alternate-leaved dogwood.']
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['Ash. There are numerous variants of ash, each with its distinctive grain patterns and hardness. ... ', 'Birch. Birch is common and inexpensive. ... ', 'Cedar. ... ', 'Cherry. ... ', 'Hickory. ... ', 'Mahogany. ... ', 'Maple. ... ', 'Oak.']
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Raw Materials Hardwood trees like gum, maple and oak have shorter fibers that make a softer paper. Toilet paper is generally a combination of approximately 70% hardwood and 30% softwood. Other materials used in manufacture include water, chemicals for breaking down the trees into usable fiber, and bleaches.
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['Anubias.', 'Java Fern.', '(Java) Moss.', 'Hemianthus (Dwarf Baby Tears)', 'Bolbitus Heudelotii (African Water Fern)']
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Tree-free paper or tree-free newsprint described an alternative to wood-pulp paper by its raw material composition. ... Sources of fiber for tree-free paper include: agricultural residues (e.g. sugarcane bagasse, husks and straw) fiber crops and wild plants, such as bamboo, kenaf, hemp, jute, and flax.
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Pulp and paper companies often are accused of cutting down trees to make paper. However, 39 percent of the fiber used for papermaking comes from recycled paper. ... Only 36 percent of timber harvested in the United States is used directly to make paper and paperboard.
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The process of papermaking uses raw materials including water, energy, chemicals and wood chips (1), that contain cellulose. Cellulose is the fiber component of wood, and exists naturally in most plant life.
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Cigarette paper is made from thin and lightweight "rag fibers" (nonwood plant fibers) such as flax, hemp, sisal, rice straw, and esparto. The paper is available in rolls and rectangular sheets of varying sizes, and has a narrow strip of glue along one long edge. It may be transparent, colored and flavored.
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Graphite is used to make the writing cores of pencils. Wood (Softwood) Softwoods are coniferous trees, such as pines or spruces. Cedar wood is most commonly used in pencil production. The wood encases the graphite, making it easier for the writer to hold.
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How do we use the wood from harvested trees? Often, a tree is not cut down for making paper at all, but instead cut down for making boards and planks (dimensional lumber) used for buildings. Paper is then made from the leftover scraps from those sawmill operations.