what are the modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease?
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The increased risk of CVD from established modifiable risk factors—tobacco use, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia—is well documented. More recently, nonestablished behavioral and lifestyle risk factors—like obesity, physical inactivity, and sedentary behavior—have been studied.
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Diet is an important risk factor in coronary heart disease. Food-related risk factors include obesity, high blood pressure, uncontrolled diabetes and a diet high in saturated fats. A low-saturated fat, high-fibre, high plant food diet can substantially reduce the risk of developing heart disease.
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Those factors include diabetes, kidney disease, obesity, smoking, hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis), or a history of heart disease or a heart attack.
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Risk factors for stroke can be categorized as modifiable and nonmodifiable. Age, sex, and race/ethnicity are nonmodifiable risk factors for both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, while hypertension, smoking, diet, and physical inactivity are among some of the more commonly reported modifiable risk factors.
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Modifiable risk factors smoking and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. influenza and pneumococcal infection. malnutrition/obesity. insufficient physical activity.
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Risk factors are conditions that increase your risk of developing a disease. Risk factors are either modifiable, meaning you can take measures to change them, or non-modifiable, which means they cannot be changed. Risk factors for heart disease are discussed below.
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['Cholesterol.', 'Resting heart rate.', 'Cardiorespiratory fitness.', 'Blood pressure.', 'Blood glucose level.', 'Waist circumference.', 'Heart rhythm.', 'Family history.']
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Non-modifiable risk factors (also called risk markers) for stroke include age, sex, race-ethnicity and genetics. In general, stroke is a disease of aging. The incidence of stroke increases with age, with the incidence doubling for each decade after age 55.
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Risk factors are conditions that increase your risk of developing a disease. Risk factors are either modifiable, meaning you can take measures to change them, or non-modifiable, which means they cannot be changed.
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Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial disease. The impact of traditional risk factors such as age, sex, elevated blood pressure, smoking, high levels of LDL cholesterol, and low levels of HDL cholesterol on CHD risk has long been demonstrated beyond any doubt.
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A poor diet, high blood pressure and cholesterol, stress, smoking and obesity are factors shaped by your lifestyle and can be improved through behavior modifications. Risk factors that cannot be controlled include family history, age and gender.
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Risk factors such as dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity, inactive lifestyle, hypertension, smoking, and family history inform ASCVD risk assessments. Understanding a patient's 10-year ASCVD risk is fundamental in establishing appropriate medical management (eg, cholesterol-lowering medication).
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Overweight and obese adults with risk factors for cardiovascular disease such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol or high blood sugar can make lifestyle changes to lose weight and produce significant reductions in risk factors such as triglycerides, blood glucose, HbA1c and the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes.
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Modifiable risk factors known to play a part in ischaemic heart disease include: cigarette smoking, hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, lack of physical activity, high alcohol intake.
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The most important behavioural risk factors of heart disease and stroke are unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco use and harmful use of alcohol. The effects of behavioural risk factors may show up in individuals as raised blood pressure, raised blood glucose, raised blood lipids, and overweight and obesity.
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Heart disease and stroke Though some of the contributing factors, such as age, race and family history, are out of our control, many of the lifestyle factors associated with heart disease are on the rise. For instance, the rise in obesity and inactivity is putting more and more Canadians at risk.
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Many risk factors for CVD, such as sex, ethnicity and a family history of the disease, cannot be changed. Risk factors such as smoking, lack of exercise, being overweight, excessive alcohol use and a poor diet can all be changed and improving them can greatly reduce the impact of CVD.