are calcium channel blockers vasodilators?
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While all approved calcium channel blockers inhibit the L-type calcium channel on cells, they are divided into two major categories based upon their predominant physiologic effects: the dihydropyridines, which are predominantly vasodilators and generally have limited chronotropic and inotropic effects, and the non- ...
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The study used nearly 5000 diabetic adults with a sampling that included 1484 calcium channel blocker users and 174 patients who use verapamil. The results of the study showed that those who used calcium channel blockers had 5 mg/dL lower serum glucose than those who didn't use.
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Calcium-channel blockers (CCBs), comprise three distinct subgroups: benzothiazepines (e.g. diltiazem), dihydropyridines (e.g. amlodipine, nifedipine) and phenylalkylamines (e.g. verapamil). Despite this diversity, they are often referred to as a single, homogeneous class of pharmacological agents.
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Norvasc (amlodipine) is a calcium channel blocker (CCB) prescribed for the prevention and treatment of heart pain or chest pain from angina, and for the treatment of high blood pressure. Norvasc is available as a generic drug.
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Verapamil has a more profound effect on gut smooth muscle than the other calcium channel antagonists. It reduces gut motility and causes constipation. Like verapamil, diltiazem is an arteriolar dilator which reduces peripheral resistance and thus blood pressure, but it is less cardio depressant.
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Nilvadipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It has been prescribed in Europe and Japan to treat hypertension since the 1990s and has accumulated a strong safety record. Nilvadipine is manufactured by Astellas Pharma US and sold as 8 mg prolonged-release capsules.
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By far the greatest effect of beta blockers remains in the heart. Newer, third-generation beta blockers can cause vasodilation through blockade of alpha-adrenergic receptors. Accordingly, nonselective beta blockers are expected to have antihypertensive effects.
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Equally common is lisinopril, a drug in the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) family (most end in “-pril”). It interferes with a chemical signal in the body that would otherwise increase blood pressure. Amlodipine, which is used by 17 percent of hypertension patients, is a calcium channel blocker.
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Calcium channel blockers cause vasodilation of the arterial vascular bed, thus: Reducing afterload. Decreasing myocardial wall tension. Afterload reduction: myocardial oxygen demand decreases.
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Dihydropyridine CCBs (e.g., nifedipine, amlodipine) primarily act on vascular smooth muscles. Nondihydropyridine CCBs (diltiazem < verapamil) primarily act on the heart.
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Thus, by blocking the entry of calcium, calcium channel blockers reduce electrical conduction within the heart, decrease the force of contraction (work) of the muscle cells, and dilate arteries. Dilation of the arteries reduces blood pressure and thereby the effort the heart must exert to pump blood.
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Alpha-blockers help relax your blood vessels, which lowers your blood pressure. Centrally acting drugs signal your brain and nervous system to relax your blood vessels. Vasodilators signal the muscles in the walls of blood vessels to relax.
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Verapamil is used to treat high blood pressure and to control angina (chest pain). The immediate-release tablets are also used alone or with other medications to prevent and treat irregular heartbeats. Verapamil is in a class of medications called calcium-channel blockers.
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Like other calcium channel blockers, amlodipine works in high blood pressure by relaxing and widening blood vessels. This lowers your blood pressure and makes it easier for your heart to pump blood around your body. In angina, amlodipine works by improving the blood supply to your heart.
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Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker. Amlodipine relaxes (widens) blood vessels and improves blood flow. Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic (water pill) that helps prevent your body from absorbing too much salt, which can cause fluid retention.
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Calcium channel blockers may be used to treat heart failure caused by high blood pressure when other medications to lower blood pressure do not work. Calcium channel blockers generally should not be used if you have heart failure due to systolic dysfunction.
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Like other calcium channel antagonists, diltiazem has an inhibitory effect on intestinal motility. Therefore it should be used with caution in patients at risk to develop an intestinal obstruction.