what are the risks of genetically modified animals?
107756
['Genetic Contamination/Interbreeding. ... ', 'Competition with Natural Species. ... ', 'Increased Selection Pressure on Target and Nontarget Organisms. ... ', 'Ecosystem Impacts. ... ', 'Impossibility of Followup.']
890910
['Abnormal Bone Growth and Development. ... ', 'Longevity. ... ', 'Increased Risk of Hypothyroidism. ... ', 'Increased Risk of Disease. ... ', 'Behavioural Considerations. ... ', 'Wooly Coat.']
828139
['Transfer of the selected gene into other species. ... ', 'Some people believe it is not ethical to interfere with nature in this way. ... ', "GM crops could be harmful, for example toxins from the crops have been detected in some people's blood.", 'GM crops could cause allergic reactions in people.']
643787
Genetically modified organism (GMO) is commonly used to describe any of these terms and vice versa: genetic modification (GM), GM seeds, biotechnology, biotech seeds, genetic engineering (GE) and transgenic crops.
1329708
In the case of transgenic organisms, a major bioethical issue is freedom of choice. Yet broader issues also arise, such as the ethics of interfering with nature, and effects of transgenic organisms on the environment.
864509
['Recombinant or synthetic DNA/RNA (plasmids, cloned materials, oligonucleotides, siRNA)', 'Viral vectors (e.g., lentivirus, retrovirus, adenovirus, AAV)', 'Genetically-modified organisms (animals, microorganisms, plants, insects, cells/cell lines)']
109416
Five sets of ethical concerns have been raised about GM crops: potential harm to human health; potential damage to the environment; negative impact on traditional farming practice; excessive corporate dominance; and the 'unnaturalness' of the technology.
231440
Germline gene therapy poses risks not only to patients but also to future generations. Germline gene therapy raises difficult ethical questions related to tampering with human nature, enhancing human traits, parental control over children, discrimination, social justice and eugenics.
1047123
Genetically modified organisms can be found in many types of commercially-available cosmetics and skincare products. They generally come from crops the Non-GMO Project considers high risk for being GMO such as canola, corn, and soy.
150986
The most notable GMO risks to humans are the potential development of allergens to GM related crops and toxicity from GM crops. However, studies also show GM crops have benefits including the increased nutritional value in foods.
1205904
The main advantages of transgenic plants include larger yield, resistance to diseases and pests and capable of growing under stressful conditions, while their main disadvantages include allergic reactions, emergence of super-pests and loss of biodiversity.
1023348
An oft-cited risk of GE crops is that the genetic-engineering process could cause “unnatural” changes in a plant's own naturally occurring proteins or metabolic pathways and result in the unexpected production of toxins or allergens in food (Fagan et al., 2014).
439656
['Potential Harms to Health. New Allergens in the Food Supply. Antibiotic Resistance. Production of New Toxins. Concentration of Toxic Metals. ... ', 'Potential Environmental Harms. Cross Contamination. Increased Weediness. Gene Transfer to Wild or Weedy Relatives. ... ', 'Unknown Harms to the Environment.', 'Risk Assessment.']
188276
Researchers have observed some adverse health effects in sheep and other mammals that have been cloned. These include an increase in birth size and a variety of defects in vital organs, such as the liver, brain and heart. Other consequences include premature aging and problems with the immune system.
585494
1. What are genetically modified (GM) organisms and GM foods? Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) can be defined as organisms (i.e. plants, animals or microorganisms) in which the genetic material (DNA) has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally by mating and/or natural recombination.
1180868
['Conflicts of interest.', 'Ethical standards in conducting experiments (particularly with human/animal subjects)', 'Patient confidentiality.']
307503
Scientists developing GMOs run tests to make sure allergens aren't transferred from one food to another. Research shows that GMO foods are no more likely to cause allergies than non-GMOs. GMO crops are not changed in ways that would increase the risk of cancer for the humans or animals that eat them.