what is sprinkler system in fire fighting?
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Sprinklers, and other Automatic Fire Suppression Systems (AFSS), can save lives, homes, and businesses. They provide protection from fire damage and, most importantly, they give people a greater chance of getting out if there is a fire. By reducing the damage and severity of a fire, they can also save money, too.
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Apartment buildings four stories or greater and more than 60 feet in height are required to use NFPA 13 sprinkler systems (B903. 3.1. 1). ... In high-rise buildings, two sprinkler risers that are in separate exterior exit stairways that are remotely located are required in buildings more than 420 feet in height.
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In buildings equipped with automatic fire sprinklers, the storage must be kept at least 18 inches below the ceiling or the spray pattern issued from the sprinklers will be blocked by the storage, thus keeping water from reaching the fire.
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Sprinklers shall not be required in electrical equipment rooms where all of the following conditions are met: (1) The room is dedicated to electrical equipment only. (2) Only dry-type electrical equipment is used. (3) Equipment is installed in a 2-hour fire-rated enclosure including protection for penetrations.
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inspections: a sprinklered storage space with high ceilings where someone has increased storage capacity by erecting a combustible mezzanine. ... This “add on” mezzanine increases storage capacity, but requires automatic sprinkler protection beneath it.
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As of the 2000 edition of the ICC codes, sprinklers were required in apartment buildings more than two stories in height and with more than 16 dwelling units. ... The NFPA 13 sprinkler system is required in buildings more than 60 feet in height and/or more than four stories in height.
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Types. There are several types of hose designed specifically for the fire service. Those designed to operate under positive pressure are called discharge hoses; they include: attack hose, supply hose, relay hose, forestry hose, and booster hose.
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['DEFINITION : hoses are flexible pipe used to convey water from the source to the scene of fire.', 'TYPES OF HOSE : 1) DELIVERY HOSE 2) SUCTION HOSE 3) HOSE REEL HOSE.', '1) Delivery Hose :', 'This is connected to the discharge side of the pump. ... ', '(i) Percolating / Unlined / Canvas hose which are made of vegetable fibers.']
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Watering the garden A garden sprinkler uses approximately 1000 litres of water an hour. Put a rain gauge near the sprinkler to measure the amount of water.
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Permanent Water Saving Rules are in place across the region which are compulsory water saving measures aimed at reducing consumption. Under the rules, customers must use a trigger nozzle on hoses, only use watering systems and sprinklers between 6pm and 10am, and never hose concrete paths.
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Sprinkler heads are equipped with a glass trigger filled with a glycerin-based liquid that expands with temperature. As the liquid expands, it breaks the glass and activated the sprinkler head. These sprinkler heads are attached to a reliable system of water pipes that are typically built into the walls or ceiling.
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There is no statewide adoption for home fire sprinkler requirements, but local jurisdictions are permitted to require fire sprinklers. There is also a requirement for high-rise (75 feet in height) condominiums to be retrofitted with fire sprinkler systems by December 2019.
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The Fire Department Connection (FDC), also know as the Siamese Connection, is an important component found on most sprinkler and standpipe systems. When a sprinkler system activates, the fire department connects hose lines from a pumper truck to the fire department connection.
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['Wet pipe systems. Wet pipe systems are definitely the most commonly used fire sprinkler systems. ... ', 'Dry pipe systems. These are the second most popular fire sprinkler system type. ... ', 'Deluge systems. ... ', 'Pre-action systems. ... ', 'Foam water sprinkler systems. ... ', 'Water spray systems. ... ', 'Water mist systems.']
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2) Water has a high density, which allows it to be discharged from fire hose lines with nozzles and projected into structures on fire. Water's surface tension allows it to exist from small droplets to a solid stream.
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Various types of fire pumps are used in fire protection systems. Types of fire pumps include: horizontal split case, vertical split case, vertical in-line, vertical turbine, and end suction. These fire pumps may be powered by an electric motor or diesel engine and on rare occasion powered by a steam turbine.
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Sprinklers can be omitted from several exterior spaces as well. Canopies, balconies, decks, roofs, and porte cocheres that are constructed of noncombustible materials, limited combustible materials, or fire-retardant-treated wood need not have sprinkler protection.