How is mass of observable universe calculated?
68282
How do people calculate proportions of dark matter, dark energy and baryonic matter of the universe?
24003
Is the universe fundamentally deterministic?
108910
Age of the universe $ \equiv 1/H$?
15806
$N$-body simulation in General Relativity
41750
The age of the universe
23448
Renormalized mass
20511
Is it possible to experimentally show that observable universe is much larger than ~93B ly?
3103
How do we know the universe is expanding, and not that its contents are shrinking?
89295
The interpretation of mass in quantum field theories
63747
What is the relation between interaction range and the mass of gauge bosons?
4942
What is the relationship between Cosmic Time and Scale Factor (or Redshift)?
126730
What is the mass of Photon or Light Particle?
143235
Twin Paradox, calculating spacetime intervals from both perspectives
19607
Can the gravitational constant $G$ be calculated theoretically?
1876
Is the sensitivity of the LIGO sensitive enough to measure the "expansion of the universe"? What specifically is the numerical ratio of effects?
54636
Dark Energy / Accelerating universe: naive question
80329
How is dark energy consistent with conservation of mass and energy?