Which of the following best describes a result of the rise of empires shown on <image 1>?
['Joint-stock companies developed in order to monopolize all trade in the region.', 'Colonists exported manufactured goods to Europe.', 'Mercantilist policies were used to expand European economies.', 'Trans-Atlantic trade increased as trade networks in the Indian Ocean basin declined.']
Mercantilist economic policies were embraced by European monarchs in order to increase revenues. One goal of mercantilism was to have a favorable balance of trade in which the kingdom exported more than it imported. Another goal was for the kingdom to have a monopoly on trade with its colonies. This allowed a kingdom to pay relatively low prices to the colonies for raw materials and to charge high prices for selling finished goods to the colonies.