---
license: mit
size_categories:
- n>1T
tags:
- Helio
- Foundation_model
- Pretraining
---


# 🌞 SDO ML-Ready Dataset: AIA and HMI Level-1.5

## Overview

This dataset provides machine learning (ML)-ready solar data curated from NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), covering observations from **May 13, 2010, to July 31, 2024**. It includes Level-1.5 processed data from:

- **Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA)**: 
- **Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI)**: 

The dataset is designed to facilitate large-scale ML applications in heliophysics, such as solar activity forecasting, unsupervised representation learning, and scientific foundation model development.

---

## 📦 Dataset Details

| Field | Description |
|------------------------|---------------------------------------------|
| **Temporal Coverage** | May 13, 2010 – Dec 31, 2024 |
| **Data Format** | netCDF (`.nc`), float32 |
| **Temporal Granularity**| 12 minutes |
| **Data Shape** | `[13, 4096, 4096]` per file |
| **Channels** | 13 total (AIA EUV ×8 + HMI magnetograms ×5) |
| **Size per File** | ~570 MB |
| **Total Size** | ~360TB |

---

**Data Variables:**
```text
- aia94    (y, x) float32   : AIA 94 Å
- aia131   (y, x) float32   : AIA 131 Å
- aia171   (y, x) float32   : AIA 171 Å
- aia193   (y, x) float32   : AIA 193 Å
- aia211   (y, x) float32   : AIA 211 Å
- aia304   (y, x) float32   : AIA 304 Å
- aia335   (y, x) float32   : AIA 335 Å
- aia1600  (y, x) float32   : AIA 1600 Å (UV continuum)
- hmi_m    (y, x) float32   : HMI LOS Magnetogram
- hmi_bx   (y, x) float32   : HMI Magnetic Field - x component
- hmi_by   (y, x) float32   : HMI Magnetic Field - y component
- hmi_bz   (y, x) float32   : HMI Magnetic Field - z component
- hmi_v    (y, x) float32   : HMI Doppler Velocity

![All 13 Channels](dataview.png)

Authors
Sujit Roy, Dinesha Vasanta Hegde, Johannes Schmude, Amy Lin, Vishal Gaur, Talwinder Singh, Rohit Lal
corr:  sujit.roy@nasa.gov