code:
<?php
namespace GuzzleHttp\Psr7;

use InvalidArgumentException;
use Psr\Http\Message\StreamInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\UploadedFileInterface;
use RuntimeException;

class UploadedFile implements UploadedFileInterface
{
    /**
     * @var int[]
     */
    private static $errors = [
        UPLOAD_ERR_OK,
        UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE,
        UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE,
        UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL,
        UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE,
        UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR,
        UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE,
        UPLOAD_ERR_EXTENSION,
    ];

    /**
     * @var string
     */
    private $clientFilename;

    /**
     * @var string
     */
    private $clientMediaType;

    /**
     * @var int
     */
    private $error;

    /**
     * @var null|string
     */
    private $file;

    /**
     * @var bool
     */
    private $moved = false;

    /**
     * @var int
     */
    private $size;

    /**
     * @var StreamInterface|null
     */
    private $stream;

    /**
     * @param StreamInterface|string|resource $streamOrFile
     * @param int $size
     * @param int $errorStatus
     * @param string|null $clientFilename
     * @param string|null $clientMediaType
     */
    public function __construct(
        $streamOrFile,
        $size,
        $errorStatus,
        $clientFilename = null,
        $clientMediaType = null
    ) {
        $this->setError($errorStatus);
        $this->setSize($size);
        $this->setClientFilename($clientFilename);
        $this->setClientMediaType($clientMediaType);

        if ($this->isOk()) {
            $this->setStreamOrFile($streamOrFile);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Depending on the value set file or stream variable
     *
     * @param mixed $streamOrFile
     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
     */
    private function setStreamOrFile($streamOrFile)
    {
        if (is_string($streamOrFile)) {
            $this->file = $streamOrFile;
        } elseif (is_resource($streamOrFile)) {
            $this->stream = new Stream($streamOrFile);
        } elseif ($streamOrFile instanceof StreamInterface) {
            $this->stream = $streamOrFile;
        } else {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                'Invalid stream or file provided for UploadedFile'
            );
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param int $error
     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
     */
    private function setError($error)
    {
        if (false === is_int($error)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                'Upload file error status must be an integer'
            );
        }

        if (false === in_array($error, UploadedFile::$errors)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                'Invalid error status for UploadedFile'
            );
        }

        $this->error = $error;
    }

    /**
     * @param int $size
     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
     */
    private function setSize($size)
    {
        if (false === is_int($size)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                'Upload file size must be an integer'
            );
        }

        $this->size = $size;
    }

    /**
     * @param mixed $param
     * @return boolean
     */
    private function isStringOrNull($param)
    {
        return in_array(gettype($param), ['string', 'NULL']);
    }

    /**
     * @param mixed $param
     * @return boolean
     */
    private function isStringNotEmpty($param)
    {
        return is_string($param) && false === empty($param);
    }

    /**
     * @param string|null $clientFilename
     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
     */
    private function setClientFilename($clientFilename)
    {
        if (false === $this->isStringOrNull($clientFilename)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                'Upload file client filename must be a string or null'
            );
        }

        $this->clientFilename = $clientFilename;
    }

    /**
     * @param string|null $clientMediaType
     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
     */
    private function setClientMediaType($clientMediaType)
    {
        if (false === $this->isStringOrNull($clientMediaType)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                'Upload file client media type must be a string or null'
            );
        }

        $this->clientMediaType = $clientMediaType;
    }

    /**
     * Return true if there is no upload error
     *
     * @return boolean
     */
    private function isOk()
    {
        return $this->error === UPLOAD_ERR_OK;
    }

    /**
     * @return boolean
     */
    public function isMoved()
    {
        return $this->moved;
    }

    /**
     * @throws RuntimeException if is moved or not ok
     */
    private function validateActive()
    {
        if (false === $this->isOk()) {
            throw new RuntimeException('Cannot retrieve stream due to upload error');
        }

        if ($this->isMoved()) {
            throw new RuntimeException('Cannot retrieve stream after it has already been moved');
        }
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     * @throws RuntimeException if the upload was not successful.
     */
    public function getStream()
    {
        $this->validateActive();

        if ($this->stream instanceof StreamInterface) {
            return $this->stream;
        }

        return new LazyOpenStream($this->file, 'r+');
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     *
     * @see http://php.net/is_uploaded_file
     * @see http://php.net/move_uploaded_file
     * @param string $targetPath Path to which to move the uploaded file.
     * @throws RuntimeException if the upload was not successful.
     * @throws InvalidArgumentException if the $path specified is invalid.
     * @throws RuntimeException on any error during the move operation, or on
     *     the second or subsequent call to the method.
     */
    public function moveTo($targetPath)
    {
        $this->validateActive();

        if (false === $this->isStringNotEmpty($targetPath)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                'Invalid path provided for move operation; must be a non-empty string'
            );
        }

        if ($this->file) {
            $this->moved = php_sapi_name() == 'cli'
                ? rename($this->file, $targetPath)
                : move_uploaded_file($this->file, $targetPath);
        } else {
            copy_to_stream(
                $this->getStream(),
                new LazyOpenStream($targetPath, 'w')
            );

            $this->moved = true;
        }

        if (false === $this->moved) {
            throw new RuntimeException(
                sprintf('Uploaded file could not be moved to %s', $targetPath)
            );
        }
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     *
     * @return int|null The file size in bytes or null if unknown.
     */
    public function getSize()
    {
        return $this->size;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     *
     * @see http://php.net/manual/en/features.file-upload.errors.php
     * @return int One of PHP's UPLOAD_ERR_XXX constants.
     */
    public function getError()
    {
        return $this->error;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     *
     * @return string|null The filename sent by the client or null if none
     *     was provided.
     */
    public function getClientFilename()
    {
        return $this->clientFilename;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function getClientMediaType()
    {
        return $this->clientMediaType;
    }
}


code:
<?php
namespace GuzzleHttp\Psr7;

use Psr\Http\Message\UriInterface;

/**
 * PSR-7 URI implementation.
 *
 * @author Michael Dowling
 * @author Tobias Schultze
 * @author Matthew Weier O'Phinney
 */
class Uri implements UriInterface
{
    /**
     * Absolute http and https URIs require a host per RFC 7230 Section 2.7
     * but in generic URIs the host can be empty. So for http(s) URIs
     * we apply this default host when no host is given yet to form a
     * valid URI.
     */
    const HTTP_DEFAULT_HOST = 'localhost';

    private static $defaultPorts = [
        'http'  => 80,
        'https' => 443,
        'ftp' => 21,
        'gopher' => 70,
        'nntp' => 119,
        'news' => 119,
        'telnet' => 23,
        'tn3270' => 23,
        'imap' => 143,
        'pop' => 110,
        'ldap' => 389,
    ];

    private static $charUnreserved = 'a-zA-Z0-9_\-\.~';
    private static $charSubDelims = '!\$&\'\(\)\*\+,;=';
    private static $replaceQuery = ['=' => '%3D', '&' => '%26'];

    /** @var string Uri scheme. */
    private $scheme = '';

    /** @var string Uri user info. */
    private $userInfo = '';

    /** @var string Uri host. */
    private $host = '';

    /** @var int|null Uri port. */
    private $port;

    /** @var string Uri path. */
    private $path = '';

    /** @var string Uri query string. */
    private $query = '';

    /** @var string Uri fragment. */
    private $fragment = '';

    /**
     * @param string $uri URI to parse
     */
    public function __construct($uri = '')
    {
        // weak type check to also accept null until we can add scalar type hints
        if ($uri != '') {
            $parts = parse_url($uri);
            if ($parts === false) {
                throw new \InvalidArgumentException("Unable to parse URI: $uri");
            }
            $this->applyParts($parts);
        }
    }

    public function __toString()
    {
        return self::composeComponents(
            $this->scheme,
            $this->getAuthority(),
            $this->path,
            $this->query,
            $this->fragment
        );
    }

    /**
     * Composes a URI reference string from its various components.
     *
     * Usually this method does not need to be called manually but instead is used indirectly via
     * `Psr\Http\Message\UriInterface::__toString`.
     *
     * PSR-7 UriInterface treats an empty component the same as a missing component as
     * getQuery(), getFragment() etc. always return a string. This explains the slight
     * difference to RFC 3986 Section 5.3.
     *
     * Another adjustment is that the authority separator is added even when the authority is missing/empty
     * for the "file" scheme. This is because PHP stream functions like `file_get_contents` only work with
     * `file:///myfile` but not with `file:/myfile` although they are equivalent according to RFC 3986. But
     * `file:///` is the more common syntax for the file scheme anyway (Chrome for example redirects to
     * that format).
     *
     * @param string $scheme
     * @param string $authority
     * @param string $path
     * @param string $query
     * @param string $fragment
     *
     * @return string
     *
     * @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-5.3
     */
    public static function composeComponents($scheme, $authority, $path, $query, $fragment)
    {
        $uri = '';

        // weak type checks to also accept null until we can add scalar type hints
        if ($scheme != '') {
            $uri .= $scheme . ':';
        }

        if ($authority != ''|| $scheme === 'file') {
            $uri .= '//' . $authority;
        }

        $uri .= $path;

        if ($query != '') {
            $uri .= '?' . $query;
        }

        if ($fragment != '') {
            $uri .= '#' . $fragment;
        }

        return $uri;
    }

    /**
     * Whether the URI has the default port of the current scheme.
     *
     * `Psr\Http\Message\UriInterface::getPort` may return null or the standard port. This method can be used
     * independently of the implementation.
     *
     * @param UriInterface $uri
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public static function isDefaultPort(UriInterface $uri)
    {
        return $uri->getPort() === null
            || (isset(self::$defaultPorts[$uri->getScheme()]) && $uri->getPort() === self::$defaultPorts[$uri->getScheme()]);
    }

    /**
     * Whether the URI is absolute, i.e. it has a scheme.
     *
     * An instance of UriInterface can either be an absolute URI or a relative reference. This method returns true
     * if it is the former. An absolute URI has a scheme. A relative reference is used to express a URI relative
     * to another URI, the base URI. Relative references can be divided into several forms:
     * - network-path references, e.g. '//example.com/path'
     * - absolute-path references, e.g. '/path'
     * - relative-path references, e.g. 'subpath'
     *
     * @param UriInterface $uri
     *
     * @return bool
     * @see Uri::isNetworkPathReference
     * @see Uri::isAbsolutePathReference
     * @see Uri::isRelativePathReference
     * @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-4
     */
    public static function isAbsolute(UriInterface $uri)
    {
        return $uri->getScheme() !== '';
    }

    /**
     * Whether the URI is a network-path reference.
     *
     * A relative reference that begins with two slash characters is termed an network-path reference.
     *
     * @param UriInterface $uri
     *
     * @return bool
     * @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-4.2
     */
    public static function isNetworkPathReference(UriInterface $uri)
    {
        return $uri->getScheme() === '' && $uri->getAuthority() !== '';
    }

    /**
     * Whether the URI is a absolute-path reference.
     *
     * A relative reference that begins with a single slash character is termed an absolute-path reference.
     *
     * @param UriInterface $uri
     *
     * @return bool
     * @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-4.2
     */
    public static function isAbsolutePathReference(UriInterface $uri)
    {
        return $uri->getScheme() === ''
            && $uri->getAuthority() === ''
            && isset($uri->getPath()[0])
            && $uri->getPath()[0] === '/';
    }

    /**
     * Whether the URI is a relative-path reference.
     *
     * A relative reference that does not begin with a slash character is termed a relative-path reference.
     *
     * @param UriInterface $uri
     *
     * @return bool
     * @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-4.2
     */
    public static function isRelativePathReference(UriInterface $uri)
    {
        return $uri->getScheme() === ''
            && $uri->getAuthority() === ''
            && (!isset($uri->getPath()[0]) || $uri->getPath()[0] !== '/');
    }

    /**
     * Whether the URI is a same-document reference.
     *
     * A same-document reference refers to a URI that is, aside from its fragment
     * component, identical to the base URI. When no base URI is given, only an empty
     * URI reference (apart from its fragment) is considered a same-document reference.
     *
     * @param UriInterface      $uri  The URI to check
     * @param UriInterface|null $base An optional base URI to compare against
     *
     * @return bool
     * @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-4.4
     */
    public static function isSameDocumentReference(UriInterface $uri, UriInterface $base = null)
    {
        if ($base !== null) {
            $uri = UriResolver::resolve($base, $uri);

            return ($uri->getScheme() === $base->getScheme())
                && ($uri->getAuthority() === $base->getAuthority())
                && ($uri->getPath() === $base->getPath())
                && ($uri->getQuery() === $base->getQuery());
        }

        return $uri->getScheme() === '' && $uri->getAuthority() === '' && $uri->getPath() === '' && $uri->getQuery() === '';
    }

    /**
     * Removes dot segments from a path and returns the new path.
     *
     * @param string $path
     *
     * @return string
     *
     * @deprecated since version 1.4. Use UriResolver::removeDotSegments instead.
     * @see UriResolver::removeDotSegments
     */
    public static function removeDotSegments($path)
    {
        return UriResolver::removeDotSegments($path);
    }

    /**
     * Converts the relative URI into a new URI that is resolved against the base URI.
     *
     * @param UriInterface        $base Base URI
     * @param string|UriInterface $rel  Relative URI
     *
     * @return UriInterface
     *
     * @deprecated since version 1.4. Use UriResolver::resolve instead.
     * @see UriResolver::resolve
     */
    public static function resolve(UriInterface $base, $rel)
    {
        if (!($rel instanceof UriInterface)) {
            $rel = new self($rel);
        }

        return UriResolver::resolve($base, $rel);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new URI with a specific query string value removed.
     *
     * Any existing query string values that exactly match the provided key are
     * removed.
     *
     * @param UriInterface $uri URI to use as a base.
     * @param string       $key Query string key to remove.
     *
     * @return UriInterface
     */
    public static function withoutQueryValue(UriInterface $uri, $key)
    {
        $result = self::getFilteredQueryString($uri, [$key]);

        return $uri->withQuery(implode('&', $result));
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new URI with a specific query string value.
     *
     * Any existing query string values that exactly match the provided key are
     * removed and replaced with the given key value pair.
     *
     * A value of null will set the query string key without a value, e.g. "key"
     * instead of "key=value".
     *
     * @param UriInterface $uri   URI to use as a base.
     * @param string       $key   Key to set.
     * @param string|null  $value Value to set
     *
     * @return UriInterface
     */
    public static function withQueryValue(UriInterface $uri, $key, $value)
    {
        $result = self::getFilteredQueryString($uri, [$key]);

        $result[] = self::generateQueryString($key, $value);

        return $uri->withQuery(implode('&', $result));
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new URI with multiple specific query string values.
     *
     * It has the same behavior as withQueryValue() but for an associative array of key => value.
     *
     * @param UriInterface $uri           URI to use as a base.
     * @param array        $keyValueArray Associative array of key and values
     *
     * @return UriInterface
     */
    public static function withQueryValues(UriInterface $uri, array $keyValueArray)
    {
        $result = self::getFilteredQueryString($uri, array_keys($keyValueArray));

        foreach ($keyValueArray as $key => $value) {
            $result[] = self::generateQueryString($key, $value);
        }

        return $uri->withQuery(implode('&', $result));
    }

    /**
     * Creates a URI from a hash of `parse_url` components.
     *
     * @param array $parts
     *
     * @return UriInterface
     * @link http://php.net/manual/en/function.parse-url.php
     *
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException If the components do not form a valid URI.
     */
    public static function fromParts(array $parts)
    {
        $uri = new self();
        $uri->applyParts($parts);
        $uri->validateState();

        return $uri;
    }

    public function getScheme()
    {
        return $this->scheme;
    }

    public function getAuthority()
    {
        $authority = $this->host;
        if ($this->userInfo !== '') {
            $authority = $this->userInfo . '@' . $authority;
        }

        if ($this->port !== null) {
            $authority .= ':' . $this->port;
        }

        return $authority;
    }

    public function getUserInfo()
    {
        return $this->userInfo;
    }

    public function getHost()
    {
        return $this->host;
    }

    public function getPort()
    {
        return $this->port;
    }

    public function getPath()
    {
        return $this->path;
    }

    public function getQuery()
    {
        return $this->query;
    }

    public function getFragment()
    {
        return $this->fragment;
    }

    public function withScheme($scheme)
    {
        $scheme = $this->filterScheme($scheme);

        if ($this->scheme === $scheme) {
            return $this;
        }

        $new = clone $this;
        $new->scheme = $scheme;
        $new->removeDefaultPort();
        $new->validateState();

        return $new;
    }

    public function withUserInfo($user, $password = null)
    {
        $info = $this->filterUserInfoComponent($user);
        if ($password !== null) {
            $info .= ':' . $this->filterUserInfoComponent($password);
        }

        if ($this->userInfo === $info) {
            return $this;
        }

        $new = clone $this;
        $new->userInfo = $info;
        $new->validateState();

        return $new;
    }

    public function withHost($host)
    {
        $host = $this->filterHost($host);

        if ($this->host === $host) {
            return $this;
        }

        $new = clone $this;
        $new->host = $host;
        $new->validateState();

        return $new;
    }

    public function withPort($port)
    {
        $port = $this->filterPort($port);

        if ($this->port === $port) {
            return $this;
        }

        $new = clone $this;
        $new->port = $port;
        $new->removeDefaultPort();
        $new->validateState();

        return $new;
    }

    public function withPath($path)
    {
        $path = $this->filterPath($path);

        if ($this->path === $path) {
            return $this;
        }

        $new = clone $this;
        $new->path = $path;
        $new->validateState();

        return $new;
    }

    public function withQuery($query)
    {
        $query = $this->filterQueryAndFragment($query);

        if ($this->query === $query) {
            return $this;
        }

        $new = clone $this;
        $new->query = $query;

        return $new;
    }

    public function withFragment($fragment)
    {
        $fragment = $this->filterQueryAndFragment($fragment);

        if ($this->fragment === $fragment) {
            return $this;
        }

        $new = clone $this;
        $new->fragment = $fragment;

        return $new;
    }

    /**
     * Apply parse_url parts to a URI.
     *
     * @param array $parts Array of parse_url parts to apply.
     */
    private function applyParts(array $parts)
    {
        $this->scheme = isset($parts['scheme'])
            ? $this->filterScheme($parts['scheme'])
            : '';
        $this->userInfo = isset($parts['user'])
            ? $this->filterUserInfoComponent($parts['user'])
            : '';
        $this->host = isset($parts['host'])
            ? $this->filterHost($parts['host'])
            : '';
        $this->port = isset($parts['port'])
            ? $this->filterPort($parts['port'])
            : null;
        $this->path = isset($parts['path'])
            ? $this->filterPath($parts['path'])
            : '';
        $this->query = isset($parts['query'])
            ? $this->filterQueryAndFragment($parts['query'])
            : '';
        $this->fragment = isset($parts['fragment'])
            ? $this->filterQueryAndFragment($parts['fragment'])
            : '';
        if (isset($parts['pass'])) {
            $this->userInfo .= ':' . $this->filterUserInfoComponent($parts['pass']);
        }

        $this->removeDefaultPort();
    }

    /**
     * @param string $scheme
     *
     * @return string
     *
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException If the scheme is invalid.
     */
    private function filterScheme($scheme)
    {
        if (!is_string($scheme)) {
            throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Scheme must be a string');
        }

        return strtolower($scheme);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $component
     *
     * @return string
     *
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException If the user info is invalid.
     */
    private function filterUserInfoComponent($component)
    {
        if (!is_string($component)) {
            throw new \InvalidArgumentException('User info must be a string');
        }

        return preg_replace_callback(
            '/(?:[^%' . self::$charUnreserved . self::$charSubDelims . ']+|%(?![A-Fa-f0-9]{2}))/',
            [$this, 'rawurlencodeMatchZero'],
            $component
        );
    }

    /**
     * @param string $host
     *
     * @return string
     *
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException If the host is invalid.
     */
    private function filterHost($host)
    {
        if (!is_string($host)) {
            throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Host must be a string');
        }

        return strtolower($host);
    }

    /**
     * @param int|null $port
     *
     * @return int|null
     *
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException If the port is invalid.
     */
    private function filterPort($port)
    {
        if ($port === null) {
            return null;
        }

        $port = (int) $port;
        if (0 > $port || 0xffff < $port) {
            throw new \InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('Invalid port: %d. Must be between 0 and 65535', $port)
            );
        }

        return $port;
    }

    /**
     * @param UriInterface $uri
     * @param array        $keys
     *
     * @return array
     */
    private static function getFilteredQueryString(UriInterface $uri, array $keys)
    {
        $current = $uri->getQuery();

        if ($current === '') {
            return [];
        }

        $decodedKeys = array_map('rawurldecode', $keys);

        return array_filter(explode('&', $current), function ($part) use ($decodedKeys) {
            return !in_array(rawurldecode(explode('=', $part)[0]), $decodedKeys, true);
        });
    }

    /**
     * @param string      $key
     * @param string|null $value
     *
     * @return string
     */
    private static function generateQueryString($key, $value)
    {
        // Query string separators ("=", "&") within the key or value need to be encoded
        // (while preventing double-encoding) before setting the query string. All other
        // chars that need percent-encoding will be encoded by withQuery().
        $queryString = strtr($key, self::$replaceQuery);

        if ($value !== null) {
            $queryString .= '=' . strtr($value, self::$replaceQuery);
        }

        return $queryString;
    }

    private function removeDefaultPort()
    {
        if ($this->port !== null && self::isDefaultPort($this)) {
            $this->port = null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Filters the path of a URI
     *
     * @param string $path
     *
     * @return string
     *
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException If the path is invalid.
     */
    private function filterPath($path)
    {
        if (!is_string($path)) {
            throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Path must be a string');
        }

        return preg_replace_callback(
            '/(?:[^' . self::$charUnreserved . self::$charSubDelims . '%:@\/]++|%(?![A-Fa-f0-9]{2}))/',
            [$this, 'rawurlencodeMatchZero'],
            $path
        );
    }

    /**
     * Filters the query string or fragment of a URI.
     *
     * @param string $str
     *
     * @return string
     *
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException If the query or fragment is invalid.
     */
    private function filterQueryAndFragment($str)
    {
        if (!is_string($str)) {
            throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Query and fragment must be a string');
        }

        return preg_replace_callback(
            '/(?:[^' . self::$charUnreserved . self::$charSubDelims . '%:@\/\?]++|%(?![A-Fa-f0-9]{2}))/',
            [$this, 'rawurlencodeMatchZero'],
            $str
        );
    }

    private function rawurlencodeMatchZero(array $match)
    {
        return rawurlencode($match[0]);
    }

    private function validateState()
    {
        if ($this->host === '' && ($this->scheme === 'http' || $this->scheme === 'https')) {
            $this->host = self::HTTP_DEFAULT_HOST;
        }

        if ($this->getAuthority() === '') {
            if (0 === strpos($this->path, '//')) {
                throw new \InvalidArgumentException('The path of a URI without an authority must not start with two slashes "//"');
            }
            if ($this->scheme === '' && false !== strpos(explode('/', $this->path, 2)[0], ':')) {
                throw new \InvalidArgumentException('A relative URI must not have a path beginning with a segment containing a colon');
            }
        } elseif (isset($this->path[0]) && $this->path[0] !== '/') {
            @trigger_error(
                'The path of a URI with an authority must start with a slash "/" or be empty. Automagically fixing the URI ' .
                'by adding a leading slash to the path is deprecated since version 1.4 and will throw an exception instead.',
                E_USER_DEPRECATED
            );
            $this->path = '/'. $this->path;
            //throw new \InvalidArgumentException('The path of a URI with an authority must start with a slash "/" or be empty');
        }
    }
}

license: mit


code:
<?php
namespace GuzzleHttp\Psr7;

use Psr\Http\Message\UriInterface;

/**
 * Provides methods to normalize and compare URIs.
 *
 * @author Tobias Schultze
 *
 * @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-6
 */
final class UriNormalizer
{
    /**
     * Default normalizations which only include the ones that preserve semantics.
     *
     * self::CAPITALIZE_PERCENT_ENCODING | self::DECODE_UNRESERVED_CHARACTERS | self::CONVERT_EMPTY_PATH |
     * self::REMOVE_DEFAULT_HOST | self::REMOVE_DEFAULT_PORT | self::REMOVE_DOT_SEGMENTS
     */
    const PRESERVING_NORMALIZATIONS = 63;

    /**
     * All letters within a percent-encoding triplet (e.g., "%3A") are case-insensitive, and should be capitalized.
     *
     * Example: http://example.org/a%c2%b1b → http://example.org/a%C2%B1b
     */
    const CAPITALIZE_PERCENT_ENCODING = 1;

    /**
     * Decodes percent-encoded octets of unreserved characters.
     *
     * For consistency, percent-encoded octets in the ranges of ALPHA (%41–%5A and %61–%7A), DIGIT (%30–%39),
     * hyphen (%2D), period (%2E), underscore (%5F), or tilde (%7E) should not be created by URI producers and,
     * when found in a URI, should be decoded to their corresponding unreserved characters by URI normalizers.
     *
     * Example: http://example.org/%7Eusern%61me/ → http://example.org/~username/
     */
    const DECODE_UNRESERVED_CHARACTERS = 2;

    /**
     * Converts the empty path to "/" for http and https URIs.
     *
     * Example: http://example.org → http://example.org/
     */
    const CONVERT_EMPTY_PATH = 4;

    /**
     * Removes the default host of the given URI scheme from the URI.
     *
     * Only the "file" scheme defines the default host "localhost".
     * All of `file:/myfile`, `file:///myfile`, and `file://localhost/myfile`
     * are equivalent according to RFC 3986. The first format is not accepted
     * by PHPs stream functions and thus already normalized implicitly to the
     * second format in the Uri class. See `GuzzleHttp\Psr7\Uri::composeComponents`.
     *
     * Example: file://localhost/myfile → file:///myfile
     */
    const REMOVE_DEFAULT_HOST = 8;

    /**
     * Removes the default port of the given URI scheme from the URI.
     *
     * Example: http://example.org:80/ → http://example.org/
     */
    const REMOVE_DEFAULT_PORT = 16;

    /**
     * Removes unnecessary dot-segments.
     *
     * Dot-segments in relative-path references are not removed as it would
     * change the semantics of the URI reference.
     *
     * Example: http://example.org/../a/b/../c/./d.html → http://example.org/a/c/d.html
     */
    const REMOVE_DOT_SEGMENTS = 32;

    /**
     * Paths which include two or more adjacent slashes are converted to one.
     *
     * Webservers usually ignore duplicate slashes and treat those URIs equivalent.
     * But in theory those URIs do not need to be equivalent. So this normalization
     * may change the semantics. Encoded slashes (%2F) are not removed.
     *
     * Example: http://example.org//foo///bar.html → http://example.org/foo/bar.html
     */
    const REMOVE_DUPLICATE_SLASHES = 64;

    /**
     * Sort query parameters with their values in alphabetical order.
     *
     * However, the order of parameters in a URI may be significant (this is not defined by the standard).
     * So this normalization is not safe and may change the semantics of the URI.
     *
     * Example: ?lang=en&article=fred → ?article=fred&lang=en
     *
     * Note: The sorting is neither locale nor Unicode aware (the URI query does not get decoded at all) as the
     * purpose is to be able to compare URIs in a reproducible way, not to have the params sorted perfectly.
     */
    const SORT_QUERY_PARAMETERS = 128;

    /**
     * Returns a normalized URI.
     *
     * The scheme and host component are already normalized to lowercase per PSR-7 UriInterface.
     * This methods adds additional normalizations that can be configured with the $flags parameter.
     *
     * PSR-7 UriInterface cannot distinguish between an empty component and a missing component as
     * getQuery(), getFragment() etc. always return a string. This means the URIs "/?#" and "/" are
     * treated equivalent which is not necessarily true according to RFC 3986. But that difference
     * is highly uncommon in reality. So this potential normalization is implied in PSR-7 as well.
     *
     * @param UriInterface $uri   The URI to normalize
     * @param int          $flags A bitmask of normalizations to apply, see constants
     *
     * @return UriInterface The normalized URI
     * @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-6.2
     */
    public static function normalize(UriInterface $uri, $flags = self::PRESERVING_NORMALIZATIONS)
    {
        if ($flags & self::CAPITALIZE_PERCENT_ENCODING) {
            $uri = self::capitalizePercentEncoding($uri);
        }

        if ($flags & self::DECODE_UNRESERVED_CHARACTERS) {
            $uri = self::decodeUnreservedCharacters($uri);
        }

        if ($flags & self::CONVERT_EMPTY_PATH && $uri->getPath() === '' &&
            ($uri->getScheme() === 'http' || $uri->getScheme() === 'https')
        ) {
            $uri = $uri->withPath('/');
        }

        if ($flags & self::REMOVE_DEFAULT_HOST && $uri->getScheme() === 'file' && $uri->getHost() === 'localhost') {
            $uri = $uri->withHost('');
        }

        if ($flags & self::REMOVE_DEFAULT_PORT && $uri->getPort() !== null && Uri::isDefaultPort($uri)) {
            $uri = $uri->withPort(null);
        }

        if ($flags & self::REMOVE_DOT_SEGMENTS && !Uri::isRelativePathReference($uri)) {
            $uri = $uri->withPath(UriResolver::removeDotSegments($uri->getPath()));
        }

        if ($flags & self::REMOVE_DUPLICATE_SLASHES) {
            $uri = $uri->withPath(preg_replace('#//++#', '/', $uri->getPath()));
        }

        if ($flags & self::SORT_QUERY_PARAMETERS && $uri->getQuery() !== '') {
            $queryKeyValues = explode('&', $uri->getQuery());
            sort($queryKeyValues);
            $uri = $uri->withQuery(implode('&', $queryKeyValues));
        }

        return $uri;
    }

    /**
     * Whether two URIs can be considered equivalent.
     *
     * Both URIs are normalized automatically before comparison with the given $normalizations bitmask. The method also
     * accepts relative URI references and returns true when they are equivalent. This of course assumes they will be
     * resolved against the same base URI. If this is not the case, determination of equivalence or difference of
     * relative references does not mean anything.
     *
     * @param UriInterface $uri1           An URI to compare
     * @param UriInterface $uri2           An URI to compare
     * @param int          $normalizations A bitmask of normalizations to apply, see constants
     *
     * @return bool
     * @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-6.1
     */
    public static function isEquivalent(UriInterface $uri1, UriInterface $uri2, $normalizations = self::PRESERVING_NORMALIZATIONS)
    {
        return (string) self::normalize($uri1, $normalizations) === (string) self::normalize($uri2, $normalizations);
    }

    private static function capitalizePercentEncoding(UriInterface $uri)
    {
        $regex = '/(?:%[A-Fa-f0-9]{2})++/';

        $callback = function (array $match) {
            return strtoupper($match[0]);
        };

        return
            $uri->withPath(
                preg_replace_callback($regex, $callback, $uri->getPath())
            )->withQuery(
                preg_replace_callback($regex, $callback, $uri->getQuery())
            );
    }

    private static function decodeUnreservedCharacters(UriInterface $uri)
    {
        $regex = '/%(?:2D|2E|5F|7E|3[0-9]|[46][1-9A-F]|[57][0-9A])/i';

        $callback = function (array $match) {
            return rawurldecode($match[0]);
        };

        return
            $uri->withPath(
                preg_replace_callback($regex, $callback, $uri->getPath())
            )->withQuery(
                preg_replace_callback($regex, $callback, $uri->getQuery())
            );
    }

    private function __construct()
    {
        // cannot be instantiated
    }
}


code:
<?php
namespace GuzzleHttp\Psr7;

use Psr\Http\Message\UriInterface;

/**
 * Resolves a URI reference in the context of a base URI and the opposite way.
 *
 * @author Tobias Schultze
 *
 * @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-5
 */
final class UriResolver
{
    /**
     * Removes dot segments from a path and returns the new path.
     *
     * @param string $path
     *
     * @return string
     * @link http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-5.2.4
     */
    public static function removeDotSegments($path)
    {
        if ($path === '' || $path === '/') {
            return $path;
        }

        $results = [];
        $segments = explode('/', $path);
        foreach ($segments as $segment) {
            if ($segment === '..') {
                array_pop($results);
            } elseif ($segment !== '.') {
                $results[] = $segment;
            }
        }

        $newPath = implode('/', $results);

        if ($path[0] === '/' && (!isset($newPath[0]) || $newPath[0] !== '/')) {
            // Re-add the leading slash if necessary for cases like "/.."
            $newPath = '/' . $newPath;
        } elseif ($newPath !== '' && ($segment === '.' || $segment === '..')) {
            // Add the trailing slash if necessary
            // If newPath is not empty, then $segment must be set and is the last segment from the foreach
            $newPath .= '/';
        }

        return $newPath;
    }

    /**
     * Converts the relative URI into a new URI that is resolved against the base URI.
     *
     * @param UriInterface $base Base URI
     * @param UriInterface $rel  Relative URI
     *
     * @return UriInterface
     * @link http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-5.2
     */
    public static function resolve(UriInterface $base, UriInterface $rel)
    {
        if ((string) $rel === '') {
            // we can simply return the same base URI instance for this same-document reference
            return $base;
        }

        if ($rel->getScheme() != '') {
            return $rel->withPath(self::removeDotSegments($rel->getPath()));
        }

        if ($rel->getAuthority() != '') {
            $targetAuthority = $rel->getAuthority();
            $targetPath = self::removeDotSegments($rel->getPath());
            $targetQuery = $rel->getQuery();
        } else {
            $targetAuthority = $base->getAuthority();
            if ($rel->getPath() === '') {
                $targetPath = $base->getPath();
                $targetQuery = $rel->getQuery() != '' ? $rel->getQuery() : $base->getQuery();
            } else {
                if ($rel->getPath()[0] === '/') {
                    $targetPath = $rel->getPath();
                } else {
                    if ($targetAuthority != '' && $base->getPath() === '') {
                        $targetPath = '/' . $rel->getPath();
                    } else {
                        $lastSlashPos = strrpos($base->getPath(), '/');
                        if ($lastSlashPos === false) {
                            $targetPath = $rel->getPath();
                        } else {
                            $targetPath = substr($base->getPath(), 0, $lastSlashPos + 1) . $rel->getPath();
                        }
                    }
                }
                $targetPath = self::removeDotSegments($targetPath);
                $targetQuery = $rel->getQuery();
            }
        }

        return new Uri(Uri::composeComponents(
            $base->getScheme(),
            $targetAuthority,
            $targetPath,
            $targetQuery,
            $rel->getFragment()
        ));
    }

    /**
     * Returns the target URI as a relative reference from the base URI.
     *
     * This method is the counterpart to resolve():
     *
     *    (string) $target === (string) UriResolver::resolve($base, UriResolver::relativize($base, $target))
     *
     * One use-case is to use the current request URI as base URI and then generate relative links in your documents
     * to reduce the document size or offer self-contained downloadable document archives.
     *
     *    $base = new Uri('http://example.com/a/b/');
     *    echo UriResolver::relativize($base, new Uri('http://example.com/a/b/c'));  // prints 'c'.
     *    echo UriResolver::relativize($base, new Uri('http://example.com/a/x/y'));  // prints '../x/y'.
     *    echo UriResolver::relativize($base, new Uri('http://example.com/a/b/?q')); // prints '?q'.
     *    echo UriResolver::relativize($base, new Uri('http://example.org/a/b/'));   // prints '//example.org/a/b/'.
     *
     * This method also accepts a target that is already relative and will try to relativize it further. Only a
     * relative-path reference will be returned as-is.
     *
     *    echo UriResolver::relativize($base, new Uri('/a/b/c'));  // prints 'c' as well
     *
     * @param UriInterface $base   Base URI
     * @param UriInterface $target Target URI
     *
     * @return UriInterface The relative URI reference
     */
    public static function relativize(UriInterface $base, UriInterface $target)
    {
        if ($target->getScheme() !== '' &&
            ($base->getScheme() !== $target->getScheme() || $target->getAuthority() === '' && $base->getAuthority() !== '')
        ) {
            return $target;
        }

        if (Uri::isRelativePathReference($target)) {
            // As the target is already highly relative we return it as-is. It would be possible to resolve
            // the target with `$target = self::resolve($base, $target);` and then try make it more relative
            // by removing a duplicate query. But let's not do that automatically.
            return $target;
        }

        if ($target->getAuthority() !== '' && $base->getAuthority() !== $target->getAuthority()) {
            return $target->withScheme('');
        }

        // We must remove the path before removing the authority because if the path starts with two slashes, the URI
        // would turn invalid. And we also cannot set a relative path before removing the authority, as that is also
        // invalid.
        $emptyPathUri = $target->withScheme('')->withPath('')->withUserInfo('')->withPort(null)->withHost('');

        if ($base->getPath() !== $target->getPath()) {
            return $emptyPathUri->withPath(self::getRelativePath($base, $target));
        }

        if ($base->getQuery() === $target->getQuery()) {
            // Only the target fragment is left. And it must be returned even if base and target fragment are the same.
            return $emptyPathUri->withQuery('');
        }

        // If the base URI has a query but the target has none, we cannot return an empty path reference as it would
        // inherit the base query component when resolving.
        if ($target->getQuery() === '') {
            $segments = explode('/', $target->getPath());
            $lastSegment = end($segments);

            return $emptyPathUri->withPath($lastSegment === '' ? './' : $lastSegment);
        }

        return $emptyPathUri;
    }

    private static function getRelativePath(UriInterface $base, UriInterface $target)
    {
        $sourceSegments = explode('/', $base->getPath());
        $targetSegments = explode('/', $target->getPath());
        array_pop($sourceSegments);
        $targetLastSegment = array_pop($targetSegments);
        foreach ($sourceSegments as $i => $segment) {
            if (isset($targetSegments[$i]) && $segment === $targetSegments[$i]) {
                unset($sourceSegments[$i], $targetSegments[$i]);
            } else {
                break;
            }
        }
        $targetSegments[] = $targetLastSegment;
        $relativePath = str_repeat('../', count($sourceSegments)) . implode('/', $targetSegments);

        // A reference to am empty last segment or an empty first sub-segment must be prefixed with "./".
        // This also applies to a segment with a colon character (e.g., "file:colon") that cannot be used
        // as the first segment of a relative-path reference, as it would be mistaken for a scheme name.
        if ('' === $relativePath || false !== strpos(explode('/', $relativePath, 2)[0], ':')) {
            $relativePath = "./$relativePath";
        } elseif ('/' === $relativePath[0]) {
            if ($base->getAuthority() != '' && $base->getPath() === '') {
                // In this case an extra slash is added by resolve() automatically. So we must not add one here.
                $relativePath = ".$relativePath";
            } else {
                $relativePath = "./$relativePath";
            }
        }

        return $relativePath;
    }

    private function __construct()
    {
        // cannot be instantiated
    }
}


code:
<?php
namespace GuzzleHttp\Psr7;

use Psr\Http\Message\MessageInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\RequestInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\StreamInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\UriInterface;

/**
 * Returns the string representation of an HTTP message.
 *
 * @param MessageInterface $message Message to convert to a string.
 *
 * @return string
 */
function str(MessageInterface $message)
{
    if ($message instanceof RequestInterface) {
        $msg = trim($message->getMethod() . ' '
                . $message->getRequestTarget())
            . ' HTTP/' . $message->getProtocolVersion();
        if (!$message->hasHeader('host')) {
            $msg .= "\r\nHost: " . $message->getUri()->getHost();
        }
    } elseif ($message instanceof ResponseInterface) {
        $msg = 'HTTP/' . $message->getProtocolVersion() . ' '
            . $message->getStatusCode() . ' '
            . $message->getReasonPhrase();
    } else {
        throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Unknown message type');
    }

    foreach ($message->getHeaders() as $name => $values) {
        $msg .= "\r\n{$name}: " . implode(', ', $values);
    }

    return "{$msg}\r\n\r\n" . $message->getBody();
}

/**
 * Returns a UriInterface for the given value.
 *
 * This function accepts a string or {@see Psr\Http\Message\UriInterface} and
 * returns a UriInterface for the given value. If the value is already a
 * `UriInterface`, it is returned as-is.
 *
 * @param string|UriInterface $uri
 *
 * @return UriInterface
 * @throws \InvalidArgumentException
 */
function uri_for($uri)
{
    if ($uri instanceof UriInterface) {
        return $uri;
    } elseif (is_string($uri)) {
        return new Uri($uri);
    }

    throw new \InvalidArgumentException('URI must be a string or UriInterface');
}

/**
 * Create a new stream based on the input type.
 *
 * Options is an associative array that can contain the following keys:
 * - metadata: Array of custom metadata.
 * - size: Size of the stream.
 *
 * @param resource|string|null|int|float|bool|StreamInterface|callable|\Iterator $resource Entity body data
 * @param array                                                                  $options  Additional options
 *
 * @return StreamInterface
 * @throws \InvalidArgumentException if the $resource arg is not valid.
 */
function stream_for($resource = '', array $options = [])
{
    if (is_scalar($resource)) {
        $stream = fopen('php://temp', 'r+');
        if ($resource !== '') {
            fwrite($stream, $resource);
            fseek($stream, 0);
        }
        return new Stream($stream, $options);
    }

    switch (gettype($resource)) {
        case 'resource':
            return new Stream($resource, $options);
        case 'object':
            if ($resource instanceof StreamInterface) {
                return $resource;
            } elseif ($resource instanceof \Iterator) {
                return new PumpStream(function () use ($resource) {
                    if (!$resource->valid()) {
                        return false;
                    }
                    $result = $resource->current();
                    $resource->next();
                    return $result;
                }, $options);
            } elseif (method_exists($resource, '__toString')) {
                return stream_for((string) $resource, $options);
            }
            break;
        case 'NULL':
            return new Stream(fopen('php://temp', 'r+'), $options);
    }

    if (is_callable($resource)) {
        return new PumpStream($resource, $options);
    }

    throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Invalid resource type: ' . gettype($resource));
}

/**
 * Parse an array of header values containing ";" separated data into an
 * array of associative arrays representing the header key value pair
 * data of the header. When a parameter does not contain a value, but just
 * contains a key, this function will inject a key with a '' string value.
 *
 * @param string|array $header Header to parse into components.
 *
 * @return array Returns the parsed header values.
 */
function parse_header($header)
{
    static $trimmed = "\"'  \n\t\r";
    $params = $matches = [];

    foreach (normalize_header($header) as $val) {
        $part = [];
        foreach (preg_split('/;(?=([^"]*"[^"]*")*[^"]*$)/', $val) as $kvp) {
            if (preg_match_all('/<[^>]+>|[^=]+/', $kvp, $matches)) {
                $m = $matches[0];
                if (isset($m[1])) {
                    $part[trim($m[0], $trimmed)] = trim($m[1], $trimmed);
                } else {
                    $part[] = trim($m[0], $trimmed);
                }
            }
        }
        if ($part) {
            $params[] = $part;
        }
    }

    return $params;
}

/**
 * Converts an array of header values that may contain comma separated
 * headers into an array of headers with no comma separated values.
 *
 * @param string|array $header Header to normalize.
 *
 * @return array Returns the normalized header field values.
 */
function normalize_header($header)
{
    if (!is_array($header)) {
        return array_map('trim', explode(',', $header));
    }

    $result = [];
    foreach ($header as $value) {
        foreach ((array) $value as $v) {
            if (strpos($v, ',') === false) {
                $result[] = $v;
                continue;
            }
            foreach (preg_split('/,(?=([^"]*"[^"]*")*[^"]*$)/', $v) as $vv) {
                $result[] = trim($vv);
            }
        }
    }

    return $result;
}

/**
 * Clone and modify a request with the given changes.
 *
 * The changes can be one of:
 * - method: (string) Changes the HTTP method.
 * - set_headers: (array) Sets the given headers.
 * - remove_headers: (array) Remove the given headers.
 * - body: (mixed) Sets the given body.
 * - uri: (UriInterface) Set the URI.
 * - query: (string) Set the query string value of the URI.
 * - version: (string) Set the protocol version.
 *
 * @param RequestInterface $request Request to clone and modify.
 * @param array            $changes Changes to apply.
 *
 * @return RequestInterface
 */
function modify_request(RequestInterface $request, array $changes)
{
    if (!$changes) {
        return $request;
    }

    $headers = $request->getHeaders();

    if (!isset($changes['uri'])) {
        $uri = $request->getUri();
    } else {
        // Remove the host header if one is on the URI
        if ($host = $changes['uri']->getHost()) {
            $changes['set_headers']['Host'] = $host;

            if ($port = $changes['uri']->getPort()) {
                $standardPorts = ['http' => 80, 'https' => 443];
                $scheme = $changes['uri']->getScheme();
                if (isset($standardPorts[$scheme]) && $port != $standardPorts[$scheme]) {
                    $changes['set_headers']['Host'] .= ':'.$port;
                }
            }
        }
        $uri = $changes['uri'];
    }

    if (!empty($changes['remove_headers'])) {
        $headers = _caseless_remove($changes['remove_headers'], $headers);
    }

    if (!empty($changes['set_headers'])) {
        $headers = _caseless_remove(array_keys($changes['set_headers']), $headers);
        $headers = $changes['set_headers'] + $headers;
    }

    if (isset($changes['query'])) {
        $uri = $uri->withQuery($changes['query']);
    }

    if ($request instanceof ServerRequestInterface) {
        return (new ServerRequest(
            isset($changes['method']) ? $changes['method'] : $request->getMethod(),
            $uri,
            $headers,
            isset($changes['body']) ? $changes['body'] : $request->getBody(),
            isset($changes['version'])
                ? $changes['version']
                : $request->getProtocolVersion(),
            $request->getServerParams()
        ))
        ->withParsedBody($request->getParsedBody())
        ->withQueryParams($request->getQueryParams())
        ->withCookieParams($request->getCookieParams())
        ->withUploadedFiles($request->getUploadedFiles());
    }

    return new Request(
        isset($changes['method']) ? $changes['method'] : $request->getMethod(),
        $uri,
        $headers,
        isset($changes['body']) ? $changes['body'] : $request->getBody(),
        isset($changes['version'])
            ? $changes['version']
            : $request->getProtocolVersion()
    );
}

/**
 * Attempts to rewind a message body and throws an exception on failure.
 *
 * The body of the message will only be rewound if a call to `tell()` returns a
 * value other than `0`.
 *
 * @param MessageInterface $message Message to rewind
 *
 * @throws \RuntimeException
 */
function rewind_body(MessageInterface $message)
{
    $body = $message->getBody();

    if ($body->tell()) {
        $body->rewind();
    }
}

/**
 * Safely opens a PHP stream resource using a filename.
 *
 * When fopen fails, PHP normally raises a warning. This function adds an
 * error handler that checks for errors and throws an exception instead.
 *
 * @param string $filename File to open
 * @param string $mode     Mode used to open the file
 *
 * @return resource
 * @throws \RuntimeException if the file cannot be opened
 */
function try_fopen($filename, $mode)
{
    $ex = null;
    set_error_handler(function () use ($filename, $mode, &$ex) {
        $ex = new \RuntimeException(sprintf(
            'Unable to open %s using mode %s: %s',
            $filename,
            $mode,
            func_get_args()[1]
        ));
    });

    $handle = fopen($filename, $mode);
    restore_error_handler();

    if ($ex) {
        /** @var $ex \RuntimeException */
        throw $ex;
    }

    return $handle;
}

/**
 * Copy the contents of a stream into a string until the given number of
 * bytes have been read.
 *
 * @param StreamInterface $stream Stream to read
 * @param int             $maxLen Maximum number of bytes to read. Pass -1
 *                                to read the entire stream.
 * @return string
 * @throws \RuntimeException on error.
 */
function copy_to_string(StreamInterface $stream, $maxLen = -1)
{
    $buffer = '';

    if ($maxLen === -1) {
        while (!$stream->eof()) {
            $buf = $stream->read(1048576);
            // Using a loose equality here to match on '' and false.
            if ($buf == null) {
                break;
            }
            $buffer .= $buf;
        }
        return $buffer;
    }

    $len = 0;
    while (!$stream->eof() && $len < $maxLen) {
        $buf = $stream->read($maxLen - $len);
        // Using a loose equality here to match on '' and false.
        if ($buf == null) {
            break;
        }
        $buffer .= $buf;
        $len = strlen($buffer);
    }

    return $buffer;
}

/**
 * Copy the contents of a stream into another stream until the given number
 * of bytes have been read.
 *
 * @param StreamInterface $source Stream to read from
 * @param StreamInterface $dest   Stream to write to
 * @param int             $maxLen Maximum number of bytes to read. Pass -1
 *                                to read the entire stream.
 *
 * @throws \RuntimeException on error.
 */
function copy_to_stream(
    StreamInterface $source,
    StreamInterface $dest,
    $maxLen = -1
) {
    $bufferSize = 8192;

    if ($maxLen === -1) {
        while (!$source->eof()) {
            if (!$dest->write($source->read($bufferSize))) {
                break;
            }
        }
    } else {
        $remaining = $maxLen;
        while ($remaining > 0 && !$source->eof()) {
            $buf = $source->read(min($bufferSize, $remaining));
            $len = strlen($buf);
            if (!$len) {
                break;
            }
            $remaining -= $len;
            $dest->write($buf);
        }
    }
}

/**
 * Calculate a hash of a Stream
 *
 * @param StreamInterface $stream    Stream to calculate the hash for
 * @param string          $algo      Hash algorithm (e.g. md5, crc32, etc)
 * @param bool            $rawOutput Whether or not to use raw output
 *
 * @return string Returns the hash of the stream
 * @throws \RuntimeException on error.
 */
function hash(
    StreamInterface $stream,
    $algo,
    $rawOutput = false
) {
    $pos = $stream->tell();

    if ($pos > 0) {
        $stream->rewind();
    }

    $ctx = hash_init($algo);
    while (!$stream->eof()) {
        hash_update($ctx, $stream->read(1048576));
    }

    $out = hash_final($ctx, (bool) $rawOutput);
    $stream->seek($pos);

    return $out;
}

/**
 * Read a line from the stream up to the maximum allowed buffer length
 *
 * @param StreamInterface $stream    Stream to read from
 * @param int             $maxLength Maximum buffer length
 *
 * @return string
 */
function readline(StreamInterface $stream, $maxLength = null)
{
    $buffer = '';
    $size = 0;

    while (!$stream->eof()) {
        // Using a loose equality here to match on '' and false.
        if (null == ($byte = $stream->read(1))) {
            return $buffer;
        }
        $buffer .= $byte;
        // Break when a new line is found or the max length - 1 is reached
        if ($byte === "\n" || ++$size === $maxLength - 1) {
            break;
        }
    }

    return $buffer;
}

/**
 * Parses a request message string into a request object.
 *
 * @param string $message Request message string.
 *
 * @return Request
 */
function parse_request($message)
{
    $data = _parse_message($message);
    $matches = [];
    if (!preg_match('/^[\S]+\s+([a-zA-Z]+:\/\/|\/).*/', $data['start-line'], $matches)) {
        throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Invalid request string');
    }
    $parts = explode(' ', $data['start-line'], 3);
    $version = isset($parts[2]) ? explode('/', $parts[2])[1] : '1.1';

    $request = new Request(
        $parts[0],
        $matches[1] === '/' ? _parse_request_uri($parts[1], $data['headers']) : $parts[1],
        $data['headers'],
        $data['body'],
        $version
    );

    return $matches[1] === '/' ? $request : $request->withRequestTarget($parts[1]);
}

/**
 * Parses a response message string into a response object.
 *
 * @param string $message Response message string.
 *
 * @return Response
 */
function parse_response($message)
{
    $data = _parse_message($message);
    // According to https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-3.1.2 the space
    // between status-code and reason-phrase is required. But browsers accept
    // responses without space and reason as well.
    if (!preg_match('/^HTTP\/.* [0-9]{3}( .*|$)/', $data['start-line'])) {
        throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Invalid response string: ' . $data['start-line']);
    }
    $parts = explode(' ', $data['start-line'], 3);

    return new Response(
        $parts[1],
        $data['headers'],
        $data['body'],
        explode('/', $parts[0])[1],
        isset($parts[2]) ? $parts[2] : null
    );
}

/**
 * Parse a query string into an associative array.
 *
 * If multiple values are found for the same key, the value of that key
 * value pair will become an array. This function does not parse nested
 * PHP style arrays into an associative array (e.g., foo[a]=1&foo[b]=2 will
 * be parsed into ['foo[a]' => '1', 'foo[b]' => '2']).
 *
 * @param string   $str         Query string to parse
 * @param int|bool $urlEncoding How the query string is encoded
 *
 * @return array
 */
function parse_query($str, $urlEncoding = true)
{
    $result = [];

    if ($str === '') {
        return $result;
    }

    if ($urlEncoding === true) {
        $decoder = function ($value) {
            return rawurldecode(str_replace('+', ' ', $value));
        };
    } elseif ($urlEncoding === PHP_QUERY_RFC3986) {
        $decoder = 'rawurldecode';
    } elseif ($urlEncoding === PHP_QUERY_RFC1738) {
        $decoder = 'urldecode';
    } else {
        $decoder = function ($str) { return $str; };
    }

    foreach (explode('&', $str) as $kvp) {
        $parts = explode('=', $kvp, 2);
        $key = $decoder($parts[0]);
        $value = isset($parts[1]) ? $decoder($parts[1]) : null;
        if (!isset($result[$key])) {
            $result[$key] = $value;
        } else {
            if (!is_array($result[$key])) {
                $result[$key] = [$result[$key]];
            }
            $result[$key][] = $value;
        }
    }

    return $result;
}

/**
 * Build a query string from an array of key value pairs.
 *
 * This function can use the return value of parse_query() to build a query
 * string. This function does not modify the provided keys when an array is
 * encountered (like http_build_query would).
 *
 * @param array     $params   Query string parameters.
 * @param int|false $encoding Set to false to not encode, PHP_QUERY_RFC3986
 *                            to encode using RFC3986, or PHP_QUERY_RFC1738
 *                            to encode using RFC1738.
 * @return string
 */
function build_query(array $params, $encoding = PHP_QUERY_RFC3986)
{
    if (!$params) {
        return '';
    }

    if ($encoding === false) {
        $encoder = function ($str) { return $str; };
    } elseif ($encoding === PHP_QUERY_RFC3986) {
        $encoder = 'rawurlencode';
    } elseif ($encoding === PHP_QUERY_RFC1738) {
        $encoder = 'urlencode';
    } else {
        throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Invalid type');
    }

    $qs = '';
    foreach ($params as $k => $v) {
        $k = $encoder($k);
        if (!is_array($v)) {
            $qs .= $k;
            if ($v !== null) {
                $qs .= '=' . $encoder($v);
            }
            $qs .= '&';
        } else {
            foreach ($v as $vv) {
                $qs .= $k;
                if ($vv !== null) {
                    $qs .= '=' . $encoder($vv);
                }
                $qs .= '&';
            }
        }
    }

    return $qs ? (string) substr($qs, 0, -1) : '';
}

/**
 * Determines the mimetype of a file by looking at its extension.
 *
 * @param $filename
 *
 * @return null|string
 */
function mimetype_from_filename($filename)
{
    return mimetype_from_extension(pathinfo($filename, PATHINFO_EXTENSION));
}

/**
 * Maps a file extensions to a mimetype.
 *
 * @param $extension string The file extension.
 *
 * @return string|null
 * @link http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/httpd/httpd/branches/1.3.x/conf/mime.types
 */
function mimetype_from_extension($extension)
{
    static $mimetypes = [
        '3gp' => 'video/3gpp',
        '7z' => 'application/x-7z-compressed',
        'aac' => 'audio/x-aac',
        'ai' => 'application/postscript',
        'aif' => 'audio/x-aiff',
        'asc' => 'text/plain',
        'asf' => 'video/x-ms-asf',
        'atom' => 'application/atom+xml',
        'avi' => 'video/x-msvideo',
        'bmp' => 'image/bmp',
        'bz2' => 'application/x-bzip2',
        'cer' => 'application/pkix-cert',
        'crl' => 'application/pkix-crl',
        'crt' => 'application/x-x509-ca-cert',
        'css' => 'text/css',
        'csv' => 'text/csv',
        'cu' => 'application/cu-seeme',
        'deb' => 'application/x-debian-package',
        'doc' => 'application/msword',
        'docx' => 'application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document',
        'dvi' => 'application/x-dvi',
        'eot' => 'application/vnd.ms-fontobject',
        'eps' => 'application/postscript',
        'epub' => 'application/epub+zip',
        'etx' => 'text/x-setext',
        'flac' => 'audio/flac',
        'flv' => 'video/x-flv',
        'gif' => 'image/gif',
        'gz' => 'application/gzip',
        'htm' => 'text/html',
        'html' => 'text/html',
        'ico' => 'image/x-icon',
        'ics' => 'text/calendar',
        'ini' => 'text/plain',
        'iso' => 'application/x-iso9660-image',
        'jar' => 'application/java-archive',
        'jpe' => 'image/jpeg',
        'jpeg' => 'image/jpeg',
        'jpg' => 'image/jpeg',
        'js' => 'text/javascript',
        'json' => 'application/json',
        'latex' => 'application/x-latex',
        'log' => 'text/plain',
        'm4a' => 'audio/mp4',
        'm4v' => 'video/mp4',
        'mid' => 'audio/midi',
        'midi' => 'audio/midi',
        'mov' => 'video/quicktime',
        'mkv' => 'video/x-matroska',
        'mp3' => 'audio/mpeg',
        'mp4' => 'video/mp4',
        'mp4a' => 'audio/mp4',
        'mp4v' => 'video/mp4',
        'mpe' => 'video/mpeg',
        'mpeg' => 'video/mpeg',
        'mpg' => 'video/mpeg',
        'mpg4' => 'video/mp4',
        'oga' => 'audio/ogg',
        'ogg' => 'audio/ogg',
        'ogv' => 'video/ogg',
        'ogx' => 'application/ogg',
        'pbm' => 'image/x-portable-bitmap',
        'pdf' => 'application/pdf',
        'pgm' => 'image/x-portable-graymap',
        'png' => 'image/png',
        'pnm' => 'image/x-portable-anymap',
        'ppm' => 'image/x-portable-pixmap',
        'ppt' => 'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint',
        'pptx' => 'application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation',
        'ps' => 'application/postscript',
        'qt' => 'video/quicktime',
        'rar' => 'application/x-rar-compressed',
        'ras' => 'image/x-cmu-raster',
        'rss' => 'application/rss+xml',
        'rtf' => 'application/rtf',
        'sgm' => 'text/sgml',
        'sgml' => 'text/sgml',
        'svg' => 'image/svg+xml',
        'swf' => 'application/x-shockwave-flash',
        'tar' => 'application/x-tar',
        'tif' => 'image/tiff',
        'tiff' => 'image/tiff',
        'torrent' => 'application/x-bittorrent',
        'ttf' => 'application/x-font-ttf',
        'txt' => 'text/plain',
        'wav' => 'audio/x-wav',
        'webm' => 'video/webm',
        'webp' => 'image/webp',
        'wma' => 'audio/x-ms-wma',
        'wmv' => 'video/x-ms-wmv',
        'woff' => 'application/x-font-woff',
        'wsdl' => 'application/wsdl+xml',
        'xbm' => 'image/x-xbitmap',
        'xls' => 'application/vnd.ms-excel',
        'xlsx' => 'application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet',
        'xml' => 'application/xml',
        'xpm' => 'image/x-xpixmap',
        'xwd' => 'image/x-xwindowdump',
        'yaml' => 'text/yaml',
        'yml' => 'text/yaml',
        'zip' => 'application/zip',
    ];

    $extension = strtolower($extension);

    return isset($mimetypes[$extension])
        ? $mimetypes[$extension]
        : null;
}

/**
 * Parses an HTTP message into an associative array.
 *
 * The array contains the "start-line" key containing the start line of
 * the message, "headers" key containing an associative array of header
 * array values, and a "body" key containing the body of the message.
 *
 * @param string $message HTTP request or response to parse.
 *
 * @return array
 * @internal
 */
function _parse_message($message)
{
    if (!$message) {
        throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Invalid message');
    }

    $message = ltrim($message, "\r\n");

    $messageParts = preg_split("/\r?\n\r?\n/", $message, 2);

    if ($messageParts === false || count($messageParts) !== 2) {
        throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Invalid message: Missing header delimiter');
    }

    list($rawHeaders, $body) = $messageParts;
    $rawHeaders .= "\r\n"; // Put back the delimiter we split previously
    $headerParts = preg_split("/\r?\n/", $rawHeaders, 2);

    if ($headerParts === false || count($headerParts) !== 2) {
        throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Invalid message: Missing status line');
    }

    list($startLine, $rawHeaders) = $headerParts;

    if (preg_match("/(?:^HTTP\/|^[A-Z]+ \S+ HTTP\/)(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)/i", $startLine, $matches) && $matches[1] === '1.0') {
        // Header folding is deprecated for HTTP/1.1, but allowed in HTTP/1.0
        $rawHeaders = preg_replace(Rfc7230::HEADER_FOLD_REGEX, ' ', $rawHeaders);
    }

    /** @var array[] $headerLines */
    $count = preg_match_all(Rfc7230::HEADER_REGEX, $rawHeaders, $headerLines, PREG_SET_ORDER);

    // If these aren't the same, then one line didn't match and there's an invalid header.
    if ($count !== substr_count($rawHeaders, "\n")) {
        // Folding is deprecated, see https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-3.2.4
        if (preg_match(Rfc7230::HEADER_FOLD_REGEX, $rawHeaders)) {
            throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Invalid header syntax: Obsolete line folding');
        }

        throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Invalid header syntax');
    }

    $headers = [];

    foreach ($headerLines as $headerLine) {
        $headers[$headerLine[1]][] = $headerLine[2];
    }

    return [
        'start-line' => $startLine,
        'headers' => $headers,
        'body' => $body,
    ];
}

/**
 * Constructs a URI for an HTTP request message.
 *
 * @param string $path    Path from the start-line
 * @param array  $headers Array of headers (each value an array).
 *
 * @return string
 * @internal
 */
function _parse_request_uri($path, array $headers)
{
    $hostKey = array_filter(array_keys($headers), function ($k) {
        return strtolower($k) === 'host';
    });

    // If no host is found, then a full URI cannot be constructed.
    if (!$hostKey) {
        return $path;
    }

    $host = $headers[reset($hostKey)][0];
    $scheme = substr($host, -4) === ':443' ? 'https' : 'http';

    return $scheme . '://' . $host . '/' . ltrim($path, '/');
}

/**
 * Get a short summary of the message body
 *
 * Will return `null` if the response is not printable.
 *
 * @param MessageInterface $message    The message to get the body summary
 * @param int              $truncateAt The maximum allowed size of the summary
 *
 * @return null|string
 */
function get_message_body_summary(MessageInterface $message, $truncateAt = 120)
{
    $body = $message->getBody();

    if (!$body->isSeekable() || !$body->isReadable()) {
        return null;
    }

    $size = $body->getSize();

    if ($size === 0) {
        return null;
    }

    $summary = $body->read($truncateAt);
    $body->rewind();

    if ($size > $truncateAt) {
        $summary .= ' (truncated...)';
    }

    // Matches any printable character, including unicode characters:
    // letters, marks, numbers, punctuation, spacing, and separators.
    if (preg_match('/[^\pL\pM\pN\pP\pS\pZ\n\r\t]/', $summary)) {
        return null;
    }

    return $summary;
}

/** @internal */
function _caseless_remove($keys, array $data)
{
    $result = [];

    foreach ($keys as &$key) {
        $key = strtolower($key);
    }

    foreach ($data as $k => $v) {
        if (!in_array(strtolower($k), $keys)) {
            $result[$k] = $v;
        }
    }

    return $result;
}


code:
<?php

// Don't redefine the functions if included multiple times.
if (!function_exists('GuzzleHttp\Psr7\str')) {
    require __DIR__ . '/functions.php';
}


code:
language: php

matrix:
  include:
    - php: 5.5
    - php: 5.6
    - php: 7.0
    - php: 7.1
      env:
        - ENABLE_XDEBUG=true
    - php: 7.1
      env:
        - ENABLE_DEVTOOLS=true
    - php: nightly
    - php: hhvm-3.12
      sudo: required
      dist: trusty
      group: edge
    - php: hhvm
      sudo: required
      dist: trusty
      group: edge
  allow_failures:
    - php: nightly
    - php: hhvm-3.12
    - php: hhvm
  fast_finish: true

os:
  - linux

notifications:
  irc: "chat.freenode.net#hoaproject"

sudo: false

env:
  global:
    - secure: "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"

cache:
  directories:
    - vendor/

before_script:
  - export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/.composer/vendor/bin"
  - if [[ ! $ENABLE_XDEBUG ]]; then
      phpenv config-rm xdebug.ini || echo "ext-xdebug is not available, cannot remove it.";
    fi

script:
  - composer install
  - vendor/bin/hoa test:run
  - if [[ $ENABLE_DEVTOOLS ]]; then
      composer global require friendsofphp/php-cs-fixer;
      vendor/bin/hoa devtools:cs --diff --dry-run .;
    fi


code:
<?php

/**
 * Hoa
 *
 *
 * @license
 *
 * New BSD License
 *
 * Copyright © 2007-2017, Hoa community. All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *     * Neither the name of the Hoa nor the names of its contributors may be
 *       used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
 *       specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
 * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS BE
 * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

namespace Hoa\Consistency;

/**
 * Class Hoa\Consistency\Autoloader.
 *
 * This class is a PSR-4 compliant autoloader.
 *
 * @copyright  Copyright © 2007-2017 Hoa community
 * @license    New BSD License
 */
class Autoloader
{
    /**
     * Namespace prefixes to base directories.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $_namespacePrefixesToBaseDirectories = [];

    /**
     * Add a base directory for a namespace prefix.
     *
     * @param   string  $prefix           Namespace prefix.
     * @param   string  $baseDirectory    Base directory for this prefix.
     * @param   bool    $prepend          Whether the prefix is prepended or
     *                                    appended to the prefix' stack.
     * @return  void
     */
    public function addNamespace($prefix, $baseDirectory, $prepend = false)
    {
        $prefix        = trim($prefix, '\\') . '\\';
        $baseDirectory = rtrim($baseDirectory, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR) . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR;

        if (false === isset($this->_namespacePrefixesToBaseDirectories[$prefix])) {
            $this->_namespacePrefixesToBaseDirectories[$prefix] = [];
        }

        if (true === $prepend) {
            array_unshift(
                $this->_namespacePrefixesToBaseDirectories[$prefix],
                $baseDirectory
            );
        } else {
            array_push(
                $this->_namespacePrefixesToBaseDirectories[$prefix],
                $baseDirectory
            );
        }

        return;
    }

    /**
     * Try to load the entity file for a given entity name.
     *
     * @param   string  $entity    Entity name to load.
     * @return  bool
     */
    public function load($entity)
    {
        $entityPrefix     = $entity;
        $hasBaseDirectory = false;

        while (false !== $pos = strrpos($entityPrefix, '\\')) {
            $currentEntityPrefix = substr($entity, 0, $pos + 1);
            $entityPrefix        = rtrim($currentEntityPrefix, '\\');
            $entitySuffix        = substr($entity, $pos + 1);
            $entitySuffixAsPath  = str_replace('\\', '/', $entitySuffix);

            if (false === $this->hasBaseDirectory($currentEntityPrefix)) {
                continue;
            }

            $hasBaseDirectory = true;

            foreach ($this->getBaseDirectories($currentEntityPrefix) as $baseDirectory) {
                $file = $baseDirectory . $entitySuffixAsPath . '.php';

                if (false !== $this->requireFile($file)) {
                    return $file;
                }
            }
        }

        if (true    === $hasBaseDirectory &&
            $entity === Consistency::getEntityShortestName($entity) &&
            false   !== $pos = strrpos($entity, '\\')) {
            return $this->runAutoloaderStack(
                $entity . '\\' . substr($entity, $pos + 1)
            );
        }

        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Require a file if exists.
     *
     * @param   string  $filename    File name.
     * @return  bool
     */
    public function requireFile($filename)
    {
        if (false === file_exists($filename)) {
            return false;
        }

        require $filename;

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Check whether at least one base directory exists for a namespace prefix.
     *
     * @param   string  $namespacePrefix    Namespace prefix.
     * @return  bool
     */
    public function hasBaseDirectory($namespacePrefix)
    {
        return isset($this->_namespacePrefixesToBaseDirectories[$namespacePrefix]);
    }

    /**
     * Get declared base directories for a namespace prefix.
     *
     * @param   string  $namespacePrefix    Namespace prefix.
     * @return  array
     */
    public function getBaseDirectories($namespacePrefix)
    {
        if (false === $this->hasBaseDirectory($namespacePrefix)) {
            return [];
        }

        return $this->_namespacePrefixesToBaseDirectories[$namespacePrefix];
    }

    /**
     * Get loaded classes.
     *
     * @return  array
     */
    public static function getLoadedClasses()
    {
        return get_declared_classes();
    }

    /**
     * Run the entire autoloader stack with a specific entity.
     *
     * @param   string  $entity    Entity name to load.
     * @return  void
     */
    public function runAutoloaderStack($entity)
    {
        return spl_autoload_call($entity);
    }

    /**
     * Register the autoloader.
     *
     * @param   bool  $prepend    Prepend this autoloader to the stack or not.
     * @return  bool
     */
    public function register($prepend = false)
    {
        return spl_autoload_register([$this, 'load'], true, $prepend);
    }

    /**
     * Unregister the autoloader.
     *
     * @return  bool
     */
    public function unregister()
    {
        return spl_autoload_unregister([$this, 'load']);
    }

    /**
     * Get all registered autoloaders (not only from this library).
     *
     * @return  array
     */
    public function getRegisteredAutoloaders()
    {
        return spl_autoload_functions();
    }

    /**
     * Dynamic new, a simple factory.
     * It loads and constructs a class, with provided arguments.
     *
     * @param   bool     $classname    Classname.
     * @param   array    $arguments    Arguments for the constructor.
     * @return  object
     */
    public static function dnew($classname, array $arguments = [])
    {
        $classname = ltrim($classname, '\\');

        if (false === Consistency::entityExists($classname, false)) {
            spl_autoload_call($classname);
        }

        $class = new \ReflectionClass($classname);

        if (empty($arguments) || false === $class->hasMethod('__construct')) {
            return $class->newInstance();
        }

        return $class->newInstanceArgs($arguments);
    }
}

/**
 * Autoloader.
 */
$autoloader = new Autoloader();
$autoloader->addNamespace('Hoa', dirname(__DIR__));
$autoloader->register();


code:
# 1.17.05.02

  * CI: Set up Travis. (Ivan Enderlin, 2017-03-08T09:52:17+01:00)
  * Prelude: Remove the `(unset)` cast. (Ivan Enderlin, 2017-03-07T16:55:13+01:00)

# 1.17.01.10

  * Quality: Happy new year! (Alexis von Glasow, 2017-01-09T21:38:10+01:00)
  * Documentation: New `README.md` file. (Ivan Enderlin, 2016-10-19T16:27:31+02:00)
  * Documentation: Fix `docs` and `source` links. (Ivan Enderlin, 2016-10-05T20:26:20+02:00)
  * Documentation: Update `support` properties. (Ivan Enderlin, 2016-10-05T15:56:01+02:00)
  * Consistency: `void` is a reserved keyword now. (Ivan Enderlin, 2016-09-02T11:06:18+02:00)
  * Consistency: Remove `trait_exists` polyfill. (Ivan Enderlin, 2016-08-23T17:26:07+02:00)

# 1.16.03.03

  * Add `STREAM_CRYPTO_METHOD_*` constants on PHP 5.5. (Metalaka, 2016-02-29T21:10:14+01:00)
  * Composer: Fix `hoa/stream` dependency. (Ivan Enderlin, 2016-03-03T10:13:50+01:00)

# 1.16.01.14

  * Test: Write cases for flex entity in autoloader. (Ivan Enderlin, 2016-01-14T10:45:08+01:00)
  * Autoloader: Restrict loads to mapped entities. (Ivan Enderlin, 2016-01-14T10:38:21+01:00)

# 1.16.01.11

  * Quality: Drop PHP5.4. (Ivan Enderlin, 2016-01-11T09:15:26+01:00)
  * Quality: Run devtools:cs. (Ivan Enderlin, 2016-01-09T08:58:31+01:00)
  * Core: Remove `Hoa\Core`. (Ivan Enderlin, 2016-01-09T08:03:33+01:00)

# 0.16.01.06

  * Prelude: Introduce the prelude/preamble! (Ivan Enderlin, 2015-12-09T08:34:16+01:00)
  * Consistency: Import last methods from `Hoa\Core`. (Ivan Enderlin, 2015-12-09T08:24:02+01:00)
  * Quality: Fix CS. (Ivan Enderlin, 2015-12-09T06:43:22+01:00)
  * Add a `.gitignore` file. (Metalaka, 2015-12-03T13:21:11+01:00)
  * Autoloader: Propagate unknown entity on the stack. (Ivan Enderlin, 2015-12-03T11:04:57+01:00)
  * Autoloader: Auto-register to support flex entity. (Ivan Enderlin, 2015-12-03T10:01:23+01:00)
  * Composer: Force some files to load. (Ivan Enderlin, 2015-12-03T08:15:55+01:00)
  * Test: Simplify `case_register`. (Ivan Enderlin, 2015-12-03T08:15:19+01:00)
  * Consistency: Use a strict equality check on trait. (Ivan Enderlin, 2015-12-02T17:11:50+01:00)
  * README: First draft. (Ivan Enderlin, 2015-12-02T08:40:34+01:00)
  * Documentation: Update API documentation. (Ivan Enderlin, 2015-12-02T08:37:58+01:00)
  * Autoloader: Support flex entities. (Ivan Enderlin, 2015-12-02T08:18:39+01:00)
  * Test: Write test suite of `…nsistency\Autoloader`. (Ivan Enderlin, 2015-12-01T08:42:30+01:00)
  * Test: Write test suite of `…sistency\Consistency`. (Ivan Enderlin, 2015-11-25T22:10:30+01:00)
  * Test: Write test suite of `…onsistency\Xcallable`. (Ivan Enderlin, 2015-11-25T08:45:59+01:00)
  * Test: Write test suite of `…onsistency\Exception`. (Ivan Enderlin, 2015-11-24T16:59:18+01:00)
  * Split from `Hoa\Core`. (Ivan Enderlin, 2015-11-23T23:08:19+01:00)

(first snapshot)


code:
<?php

/**
 * Hoa
 *
 *
 * @license
 *
 * New BSD License
 *
 * Copyright © 2007-2017, Hoa community. All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *     * Neither the name of the Hoa nor the names of its contributors may be
 *       used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
 *       specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
 * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS BE
 * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

namespace Hoa\Consistency
{

/**
 * Class Hoa\Consistency\Consistency.
 *
 * This class is a collection of tools to ensure foreward and backward
 * compatibility.
 *
 * @copyright  Copyright © 2007-2017 Hoa community
 * @license    New BSD License
 */
class Consistency
{
    /**
     * Check if an entity exists (class, interface, trait…).
     *
     * @param   string  $entityName    Entity name.
     * @param   bool    $autoloader    Run autoloader if necessary.
     * @return  bool
     */
    public static function entityExists($entityName, $autoloader = false)
    {
        return
            class_exists($entityName, $autoloader) ||
            interface_exists($entityName, false)   ||
            trait_exists($entityName, false);
    }

    /**
     * Get the shortest name for an entity.
     *
     * @param   string  $entityName    Entity name.
     * @return  string
     */
    public static function getEntityShortestName($entityName)
    {
        $parts = explode('\\', $entityName);
        $count = count($parts);

        if (1 >= $count) {
            return $entityName;
        }

        if ($parts[$count - 2] === $parts[$count - 1]) {
            return implode('\\', array_slice($parts, 0, -1));
        }

        return $entityName;
    }

    /**
     * Declare a flex entity (for nested library).
     *
     * @param   string  $entityName    Entity name.
     * @return  bool
     */
    public static function flexEntity($entityName)
    {
        return class_alias(
            $entityName,
            static::getEntityShortestName($entityName),
            false
        );
    }

    /**
     * Whether a word is reserved or not.
     *
     * @param   string  $word    Word.
     * @return  bool
     */
    public static function isKeyword($word)
    {
        static $_list = [
            // PHP keywords.
            '__halt_compiler',
            'abstract',
            'and',
            'array',
            'as',
            'bool',
            'break',
            'callable',
            'case',
            'catch',
            'class',
            'clone',
            'const',
            'continue',
            'declare',
            'default',
            'die',
            'do',
            'echo',
            'else',
            'elseif',
            'empty',
            'enddeclare',
            'endfor',
            'endforeach',
            'endif',
            'endswitch',
            'endwhile',
            'eval',
            'exit',
            'extends',
            'false',
            'final',
            'float',
            'for',
            'foreach',
            'function',
            'global',
            'goto',
            'if',
            'implements',
            'include',
            'include_once',
            'instanceof',
            'insteadof',
            'int',
            'interface',
            'isset',
            'list',
            'mixed',
            'namespace',
            'new',
            'null',
            'numeric',
            'object',
            'or',
            'print',
            'private',
            'protected',
            'public',
            'require',
            'require_once',
            'resource',
            'return',
            'static',
            'string',
            'switch',
            'throw',
            'trait',
            'true',
            'try',
            'unset',
            'use',
            'var',
            'void',
            'while',
            'xor',
            'yield',

            // Compile-time constants.
            '__class__',
            '__dir__',
            '__file__',
            '__function__',
            '__line__',
            '__method__',
            '__namespace__',
            '__trait__'
        ];

        return in_array(strtolower($word), $_list);
    }

    /**
     * Whether an ID is a valid PHP identifier.
     *
     * @param   string  $id    ID.
     * @return  bool
     */
    public static function isIdentifier($id)
    {
        return 0 !== preg_match(
            '#^[a-zA-Z_\x7f-\xff][a-zA-Z0-9_\x80-\xff]*$#',
            $id
        );
    }

    /**
     * Register a register shutdown function.
     * It may be analogous to a super static destructor.
     *
     * @param   callable  $callable    Callable.
     * @return  bool
     */
    public static function registerShutdownFunction($callable)
    {
        return register_shutdown_function($callable);
    }

    /**
     * Get PHP executable.
     *
     * @return  string
     */
    public static function getPHPBinary()
    {
        if (defined('PHP_BINARY')) {
            return PHP_BINARY;
        }

        if (isset($_SERVER['_'])) {
            return $_SERVER['_'];
        }

        foreach (['', '.exe'] as $extension) {
            if (file_exists($_ = PHP_BINDIR . DS . 'php' . $extension)) {
                return realpath($_);
            }
        }

        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Generate an Universal Unique Identifier (UUID).
     *
     * @return  string
     */
    public static function uuid()
    {
        return sprintf(
            '%04x%04x-%04x-%04x-%04x-%04x%04x%04x',
            mt_rand(0, 0xffff),
            mt_rand(0, 0xffff),
            mt_rand(0, 0xffff),
            mt_rand(0, 0x0fff) | 0x4000,
            mt_rand(0, 0x3fff) | 0x8000,
            mt_rand(0, 0xffff),
            mt_rand(0, 0xffff),
            mt_rand(0, 0xffff)
        );
    }
}

}

namespace
{

if (70000 > PHP_VERSION_ID && false === interface_exists('Throwable', false)) {
    /**
     * Implement a fake Throwable class, introduced in PHP7.0.
     */
    interface Throwable
    {
        public function getMessage();
        public function getCode();
        public function getFile();
        public function getLine();
        public function getTrace();
        public function getPrevious();
        public function getTraceAsString();
        public function __toString();
    }
}

/**
 * Define TLSv* constants, introduced in PHP 5.5.
 */
if (50600 > PHP_VERSION_ID) {
    $define = function ($constantName, $constantValue, $case = false) {
        if (!defined($constantName)) {
            return define($constantName, $constantValue, $case);
        }

        return false;
    };

    $define('STREAM_CRYPTO_METHOD_TLSv1_0_SERVER', 8);
    $define('STREAM_CRYPTO_METHOD_TLSv1_1_SERVER', 16);
    $define('STREAM_CRYPTO_METHOD_TLSv1_2_SERVER', 32);
    $define('STREAM_CRYPTO_METHOD_ANY_SERVER', 62);

    $define('STREAM_CRYPTO_METHOD_TLSv1_0_CLIENT', 9);
    $define('STREAM_CRYPTO_METHOD_TLSv1_1_CLIENT', 17);
    $define('STREAM_CRYPTO_METHOD_TLSv1_2_CLIENT', 33);
    $define('STREAM_CRYPTO_METHOD_ANY_CLIENT', 63);
}

if (!function_exists('curry')) {
    /**
     * Curry.
     * Example:
     *     $c = curry('str_replace', …, …, 'foobar');
     *     var_dump($c('foo', 'baz')); // bazbar
     *     $c = curry('str_replace', 'foo', 'baz', …);
     *     var_dump($c('foobarbaz')); // bazbarbaz
     * Nested curries also work:
     *     $c1 = curry('str_replace', …, …, 'foobar');
     *     $c2 = curry($c1, 'foo', …);
     *     var_dump($c2('baz')); // bazbar
     * Obviously, as the first argument is a callable, we can combine this with
     * \Hoa\Consistency\Xcallable ;-).
     * The “…” character is the HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS Unicode character (Unicode:
     * 2026, UTF-8: E2 80 A6).
     *
     * @param   mixed  $callable    Callable (two parts).
     * @param   ...    ...          Arguments.
     * @return  \Closure
     */
    function curry($callable)
    {
        $arguments = func_get_args();
        array_shift($arguments);
        $ii        = array_keys($arguments, …, true);

        return function () use ($callable, $arguments, $ii) {
            return call_user_func_array(
                $callable,
                array_replace($arguments, array_combine($ii, func_get_args()))
            );
        };
    }
}

/**
 * Flex entity.
 */
Hoa\Consistency\Consistency::flexEntity('Hoa\Consistency\Consistency');

}


code:
<?php

/**
 * Hoa
 *
 *
 * @license
 *
 * New BSD License
 *
 * Copyright © 2007-2017, Hoa community. All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *     * Neither the name of the Hoa nor the names of its contributors may be
 *       used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
 *       specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
 * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS BE
 * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

namespace Hoa\Consistency;

use Hoa\Exception as HoaException;

/**
 * Class \Hoa\Consistency\Exception.
 *
 * Extending the \Hoa\Exception\Exception class.
 *
 * @copyright  Copyright © 2007-2017 Hoa community
 * @license    New BSD License
 */
class Exception extends HoaException
{
}