[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Obtedes incrementos de longa duración neses neurotransmisores do bo humor .

English:

[Assistant] And finally , you not only get immediate effects of mood with exercise but those last for a long time .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Mais , en realidade , o máis transformador do exercicio é o seu efecto protector do cerebro .

English:

[Assistant] So you get long-lasting increases in those good mood neurotransmitters .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Podedes pensar no cerebro coma nun músculo .

English:

[Assistant] But really , the most transformative thing that exercise will do is its protective effects on your brain .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Canto máis adestredes , máis grandes e fortes se volven o hipocampo e o córtex prefrontal .

English:

[Assistant] Here you can think about the brain like a muscle .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Por que é importante ?

English:

[Assistant] The more you ' re working out , the bigger and stronger your hippocampus and prefrontal cortex gets .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Porque o córtex prefrontal e o hipocampo son as dúas áreas máis susceptíbeis ante as enfermidades neurodexenerativas e a deterioración cognitiva normal da idade .

English:

[Assistant] Why is that important ?


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Así que con máis exercicio ao longo da vosa vida non ides curar a demencia ou o alzhéimer , mais si ides facer o hipocampo e o córtex prefrontal máis grandes e fortes polo que a estas enfermidades lles levará máis tempo facer efecto .

English:

[Assistant] Because the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus are the two areas that are most susceptible to neurodegenerative diseases and normal cognitive decline in aging .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Entón , podedes pensar no exercicio coma nun superplan de pensións para o voso cerebro .

English:

[Assistant] So with increased exercise over your lifetime , you ' re not going to cure dementia or Alzheimer ' s disease , but what you ' re going to do is you ' re going to create the strongest , biggest hippocampus and prefrontal cortex so it takes longer for these diseases to actually have an effect .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E é aínda mellor , porque é de balde .

English:

[Assistant] You can think of exercise , therefore , as a supercharged 401K for your brain , OK ?


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Este é o momento da conferencia en que todo o mundo di : " Que interesante , Wendy , mais só me importa unha cousa .

English:

[Assistant] And it ' s even better , because it ' s free .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Só quero que me digas a cantidade mínima de exercicio que preciso para obter estes cambios. "

English:

[Assistant] So this is the point in the talk where everybody says , " That sounds so interesting , Wendy , but I really will only want to know one thing .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: ( Risas ) Así que vou responder a esa pregunta .

English:

[Assistant] And that is , just tell me the minimum amount of exercise I need to get all these changes. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Boas novas : non ha que ser triatleta para obter estes efectos .

English:

[Assistant] ( Laughter ) And so I ' m going to tell you the answer to that question .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Como regra xeral , ha que adestrar tres ou catro veces á semana durante un mínimo de 30 minutos por sesión e ha que facer exercicio aeróbico .

English:

[Assistant] First , good news : you don ' t have to become a triathlete to get these effects .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: É decer , acelerar o ritmo cardíaco .

English:

[Assistant] The rule of thumb is you want to get three to four times a week exercise minimum 30 minutes an exercise session , and you want to get aerobic exercise in .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E a boa nova é que non precisades ir ao ximnasio e pagar unha cota carísima .

English:

[Assistant] That is , get your heart rate up .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Engadídelle unha volta máis á vosa camiñada .

English:

[Assistant] And the good news is , you don ' t have to go to the gym to get a very expensive gym membership .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Se vedes escaleiras , subídeas .

English:

[Assistant] Add an extra walk around the block in your power walk .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Pasar a aspiradora a bo ritmo pode ser tan bo coma a clase de aeróbic á que queriades ir no ximnasio .

English:

[Assistant] You see stairs -- take stairs .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Pasei de pioneira da memoria a exploradora do exercicio .

English:

[Assistant] And power-vacuuming can be as good as the aerobics class that you were going to take at the gym .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Pasei do funcionamento máis recóndito do cerebro a tentar entender como o exercicio pode mellorar o funcionamento do cerebro e o meu obxectivo no meu laboratorio agora mesmo é ir máis alá da regra xeral da que falei --3 ou 4 veces á semana , 30 minutos-- .

English:

[Assistant] So I ' ve gone from memory pioneer to exercise explorer .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Quero entender a cantidade óptima de exercicio para vós , á vosa idade , coa vosa condición física e cos vosos antecedentes xenéticos , para maximizar os efectos do exercicio hoxe e tamén para mellorar o cerebro e protexelo o mellor posíbel durante o resto da vosa vida .

English:

[Assistant] From going into the innermost workings of the brain , to trying to understand how exercise can improve our brain function , and my goal in my lab right now is to go beyond that rule of thumb that I just gave you -- three to four times a week , 30 minutes .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Mais unha cousa é falar de exercicio e outra é facelo .

English:

[Assistant] I want to understand the optimum exercise prescription for you , at your age , at your fitness level , for your genetic background , to maximize the effects of exercise today and also to improve your brain and protect your brain the best for the rest of your life .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Vou empregar o meu poder como instrutora de exercicio cualificada para pedirvos que vos levantedes .

English:

[Assistant] But it ' s one thing to talk about exercise , and it ' s another to do it .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: ( Risas ) Imos facer un só minuto de exercicio .

English:

[Assistant] So I ' m going to invoke my power as a certified exercise instructor , to ask you all to stand up .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Facede o que eu faga e dicide o que eu diga e tende coidado de non lle pegar ao veciño .

English:

[Assistant] ( Laughter ) We ' re going to do just one minute of exercise .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Música !

English:

[Assistant] It ' s call-and-response , just do what I do , say what I say , and make sure you don ' t punch your neighbor , OK ?


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: ( Música animada ) Cinco , seis , sete , oito , dereita , esquerda , dereita , esquerda .

English:

[Assistant] Music !


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E digo : agora son forte .

English:

[Assistant] ( Upbeat music ) Five , six , seven , eight , it ' s right , left , right , left .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Agora vós .

English:

[Assistant] And I say , I am strong now .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Público : agora son forte .

English:

[Assistant] Let ' s hear you .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Wendy Suzuki : mozas , son forte coma a Muller Marabilla .

English:

[Assistant] Audience : I am strong now .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Público : son forte coma a Muller Marabilla .

English:

[Assistant] Let ' s hear you !


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: WS : movemento novo , gancho , dereita e esquerda .

English:

[Assistant] Audience : I am Wonder Woman-strong .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Agora estoume motivando .

English:

[Assistant] WS : New move -- uppercut , right and left .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Tócavos ! Público : agora estoume motivando .

English:

[Assistant] I am inspired now. You say it !


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: WS : último movemento , cara a abaixo , dereita e esquerda , dereita e esquerda .

English:

[Assistant] Audience : I am inspired now .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Estou que me saio !

English:

[Assistant] WS : Last move -- pull it down , right and left , right and left .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Agora vós. Público : estou que me saio .

English:

[Assistant] I say , I am on fire now ! You say it .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: WS : Xa está ! Ben feito !

English:

[Assistant] Audience : I am on fire now .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Vouvos deixar cunha última idea .

English:

[Assistant] WS : And done ! OK , good job !


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Incluír o exercicio na vosa vida non só vos protexerá e vos fará máis felices hoxe senón que tamén protexerá o voso cerebro de enfermidades incurábeis .

English:

[Assistant] I want to leave you with one last thought .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E dese xeito mudará a traxectoria da vosa vida para mellor .

English:

[Assistant] And that is , bringing exercise in your life will not only give you a happier , more protective life today , but it will protect your brain from incurable diseases .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Todos os que estamos hoxe aquí comecemos admitindo que temos sorte .

English:

[Assistant] And in this way it will change the trajectory of your life for the better .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Non vivimos no mundo no que vivían as nosas nais e avoas onde as opcións de futuro para as mulleres eran moi limitadas .

English:

[Assistant] So for any of us in this room today , let ' s start out by admitting we ' re lucky .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E se estás nesta sala hoxe , a maioría de nós medramos nun mundo onde temos dereitos civís básicos e , sorprendentemente , aínda vivimos nun mundo no que algunhas mulleres non os teñen .

English:

[Assistant] We don ' t live in the world our mothers lived in , our grandmothers lived in , where career choices for women were so limited .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Mais , alén diso , aínda temos un problema , e é un problema real .

English:

[Assistant] And if you ' re in this room today , most of us grew up in a world where we have basic civil rights , and amazingly , we still live in a world where some women don ' t have them .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E o problema é que as mulleres non están acadando o cume das súas profesións en ningures .

English:

[Assistant] But all that aside , we still have a problem , and it ' s a real problem .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Os números dino claramente

English:

[Assistant] And the problem is this : Women are not making it to the top of any profession anywhere in the world .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: 190 xefes de estado nove son mulleres .

English:

[Assistant] The numbers tell the story quite clearly .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Dos membros do parlamento en todo o mundo , un 13% son mulleres .

English:

[Assistant] 190 heads of state -- nine are women .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: No mundo da empresa , as mulleres no cume : executivas , consellos de administración ... representan o 15 , 16 ao sumo .

English:

[Assistant] Of all the people in parliament in the world , 13 percent are women .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Isto non mudou desde 2002 e van na dirección errada .

English:

[Assistant] In the corporate sector , women at the top , C-level jobs , board seats -- tops out at 15 , 16 percent .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E , mesmo en institucións sen ánimo de lucro , un mundo que ás veces pensamos está dirixido por mulleres , as mulleres en altas posicións son o 20% .

English:

[Assistant] The numbers have not moved since 2002 and are going in the wrong direction .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Mais temos tamén outro problema é que as mulleres encaran eleccións máis difíciles entre o éxito profesional e a realización persoal .

English:

[Assistant] And even in the non-profit world , a world we sometimes think of as being led by more women , women at the top : 20 percent .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Un estudo recente nos Estados Unidos amosou que dos altos directivos casados , dous terzos dos homes casados teñen fillos e só un terzo das mulleres casadas teñen fillos .

English:

[Assistant] We also have another problem , which is that women face harder choices between professional success and personal fulfillment .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Ha un par de anos , estaba en Nova Iorque para presentar un acordo , e estaba nunha desas típicas oficinas de empresa elegantes , xa sabedes. E na reunión , --unha xuntanza de preto de tres horas --

English:

[Assistant] A recent study in the U.S. showed that , of married senior managers , two-thirds of the married men had children and only one-third of the married women had children .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: logo de Dúas horas , precisabamos unha pausa para ir ao baño , entón ergueuse todo o mundo , e o anfitrión da reunión asemella estar moi incómodo .

English:

[Assistant] A couple of years ago , I was in New York , and I was pitching a deal , and I was in one of those fancy New York private equity offices you can picture .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E decateime de que non sabía onde estaba o baño das mulleres na oficina .

English:

[Assistant] And I ' m in the meeting -- it ' s about a three-hour meeting -- and two hours in , there needs to be that bio break , and everyone stands up , and the partner running the meeting starts looking really embarrassed .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Entón comecei a ollar arredor por caixas , pensando que se mudaran recentemente , mais non vin ningunha .

English:

[Assistant] And I realized he doesn ' t know where the women ' s room is in his office .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E preguntei : " Mudástesvos ha pouco ? "

English:

[Assistant] So I start looking around for moving boxes , figuring they just moved in , but I don ' t see any .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E dixo : " Non , levamos case un ano aquí. "

English:

[Assistant] And so I said , " Did you just move into this office ? "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E eu lle dixen : " Estás a decer que eu son a única muller que veu a pechar un acordo nesta oficina nun ano ? "

English:

[Assistant] And he said , " No , we ' ve been here about a year. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Mirou para min e dixo : " Si. Ou se callar es a única que quería ir ao baño. "

English:

[Assistant] And I said , " Are you telling me that I am the only woman to have pitched a deal in this office in a year ? "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: ( Risos ) Entón a cuestión é : como podemos solucionar isto ?

English:

[Assistant] And he looked at me , and he said , " Yeah. Or maybe you ' re the only one who had to go to the bathroom. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Como podemos cambiar estes números ?

English:

[Assistant] ( Laughter ) So the question is , how are we going to fix this ?


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Como podemos mudar isto ?

English:

[Assistant] How do we change these numbers at the top ?


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Quero comezar por decer que eu falo sobre isto , de manter as mulleres no mercado de traballo , porque realmente creo que esa é a resposta .

English:

[Assistant] How do we make this different ?


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Na parte alta da renda no mundo laboral , entre as persoas que acadan os mellores traballos : director xeral nas empresas do Fortune 500 ou o equivalente noutras áreas. O problema , estou convencida , é que as mulleres están abandonando .

English:

[Assistant] I want to start out by saying , I talk about this -- about keeping women in the workforce -- because I really think that ' s the answer .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: A xente fala moito sobre isto , e fálase de cousas coma o horario flexíbel e de asesoramento , e programas que as empresas deberían ter para formar as mulleres .

English:

[Assistant] In the high-income part of our workforce , in the people who end up at the top -- Fortune 500 CEO jobs , or the equivalent in other industries -- the problem , I am convinced , is that women are dropping out .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Non quero falar de nada diso hoxe , aínda que é realmente importante .

English:

[Assistant] Now people talk about this a lot , and they talk about things like flextime and mentoring and programs companies should have to train women .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Hoxe quero centrar a atención no que podemos facer como individuos .

English:

[Assistant] I want to talk about none of that today , even though that ' s all really important .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Cal é a mensaxes que precisamos transmitirnos ?

English:

[Assistant] Today I want to focus on what we can do as individuals .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Que mensaxe temos que dar ás mulleres que traballan con e para nós ?

English:

[Assistant] What are the messages we need to tell ourselves ?


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Que mensaxe lle damos ás nosas fillas ?

English:

[Assistant] What are the messages we tell the women that work with and for us ?


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Quero ser certa desde o principio eu non vou facer xuízos de valor nesta conferencia .

English:

[Assistant] What are the messages we tell our daughters ?


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Eu non teño a resposta correcta ,

English:

[Assistant] Now , at the outset , I want to be very clear that this speech comes with no judgments .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: nin sequera para mi mesma .

English:

[Assistant] I don ' t have the right answer .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Saín de San Francisco , onde eu vivo , o segunda feira para coller o avión para vir a esta conferencia

English:

[Assistant] I don ' t even have it for myself .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: e a miña filla de 3 anos de idade , cando a deixei na escola cinxiuse á miña perna , chorado : " Mamá , non collas o avión. "

English:

[Assistant] I left San Francisco , where I live , on Monday , and I was getting on the plane for this conference .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: É difícil. Ás veces síntome culpábel .

English:

[Assistant] And my daughter , who ' s three , when I dropped her off at preschool , did that whole hugging-the-leg , crying , " Mommy , don ' t get on the plane " thing .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Non coñezo ningunha muller amas de casa , ou que traballen fóra , que non sintan iso ás veces .

English:

[Assistant] This is hard. I feel guilty sometimes .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Entón non estou dicindo que traballar fóra sexa adecuado para todos .

English:

[Assistant] I know no women , whether they ' re at home or whether they ' re in the workforce , who don ' t feel that sometimes .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: A miña conferencia hoxe é sobre as mensaxes clave se se quere permanecer no mercado de traballo e penso que ha tres .

English:

[Assistant] So I ' m not saying that staying in the workforce is the right thing for everyone .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Primeiro , toma asento na mesa .

English:

[Assistant] My talk today is about what the messages are if you do want to stay in the workforce , and I think there are three .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Segundo , fai do teu compañeiro un verdadeiro compañeiro .

English:

[Assistant] One , sit at the table .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E terceiro , non abandones antes de tempo .

English:

[Assistant] Two , make your partner a real partner .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Número un : toma asento na mesa. ha un par de semanas en Facebook ,

English:

[Assistant] And three , don ' t leave before you leave .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: recibimos un alto representante do goberno , que viña a encontrarse con altos executivos de Silicon Valley .

English:

[Assistant] Number one : sit at the table .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E todos sentaron á mesa .

English:

[Assistant] Just a couple weeks ago at Facebook , we hosted a very senior government official , and he came in to meet with senior execs from around Silicon Valley .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E había dúas mulleres que viaxaban con eles que tiñan posicións importantes nos seus departamentos. E díxenlles : " Senten á mesa. Veña , senten á mesa. " E sentaron nun lado da sala .

English:

[Assistant] And everyone kind of sat at the table .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Cando estaba no último ano da universidade fixen un curso chamado Historia Intelectual Europea .

English:

[Assistant] He had these two women who were traveling with him pretty senior in his department , and I kind of said to them , " Sit at the table. Come on , sit at the table , " and they sat on the side of the room .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Non vos encantan estas cousas da universidade ?

English:

[Assistant] When I was in college , my senior year , I took a course called European Intellectual History .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Querería poder facelo agora .

English:

[Assistant] Don ' t you love that kind of thing from college ?


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E fíxeno coa miña compañeira de cuarto , Carrie , que era unha alumna brillante de literatura e máis tarde converteuse nunha excelente académica en literatura e co meu irmán , un rapaz astuto , mais xogador de waterpolo , que era estudante de medicina de segundo ano .

English:

[Assistant] I wish I could do that now .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Os tres fixemos este curso xuntos .

English:

[Assistant] And I took it with my roommate , Carrie , who was then a brilliant literary student -- and went on to be a brilliant literary scholar -- and my brother -- smart guy , but a water-polo-playing pre-med , who was a sophomore .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Carrie leu todos os libros , nas versións orixinais en grego e latín , foi a todas as clases .

English:

[Assistant] The three of us take this class together .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Eu lin todos os libros en inglés e fun á maioría das clases .

English:

[Assistant] And then Carrie reads all the books in the original Greek and Latin , goes to all the lectures .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: O meu irmán estaba medio ocupado ,

English:

[Assistant] I read all the books in English and go to most of the lectures .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: leu un dos doce libros e foi a un par de clases , veu ao noso cuarto un par de días antes da proba para que o axudásemos .

English:

[Assistant] My brother is kind of busy .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Os tres fomos ao exame xuntos .

English:

[Assistant] He reads one book of 12 and goes to a couple of lectures , marches himself up to our room a couple days before the exam to get himself tutored .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E estivemos alí durante 3 horas ... coas nosas libretas azuis ... si , así de vella son .

English:

[Assistant] The three of us go to the exam together , and we sit down .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E saímos da aula , ollámonos e preguntámonos : " Como foi ? "

English:

[Assistant] And we sit there for three hours -- and our little blue notebooks -- yes , I ' m that old .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E Carrie dixo : " Bon , penso que non tratei a fondo o punto fundamental da dialéctica hegeliana " .

English:

[Assistant] We walk out , we look at each other , and we say , " How did you do ? "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E eu dixen : " Deus , querería ter conectado a teoría da propiedade de John Locke con filósofos sucesivos. "

English:

[Assistant] And Carrie says , " Boy , I feel like I didn ' t really draw out the main point on the Hegelian dialectic. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E meu irmán dixo : " Teño a mellor nota da clase. "

English:

[Assistant] And I say , " God , I really wish I had really connected John Locke ' s theory of property with the philosophers that follow. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: " Tes a mellor nota da clase ?

English:

[Assistant] And my brother says , " I got the top grade in the class. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Mais se non sabes nada ! "

English:

[Assistant] ( Laughter ) " You got the top grade in the class ?


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: O problema con estas historias é que coinciden co que os datos amosan : as mulleres regularmente subestiman as súas habilidades .

English:

[Assistant] You don ' t know anything. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Se fas un test a homes e mulleres e lles preguntas sobre algo totalmente obxectivo coma as notas medias , os homes erran ao valorarse de máis as mulleres erran ao valorarse de menos .

English:

[Assistant] ( Laughter ) The problem with these stories is that they show what the data shows : women systematically underestimate their own abilities .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: As mulleres non negocian por si mesmas no mundo do traballo .

English:

[Assistant] If you test men and women , and you ask them questions on totally objective criteria like GPAs , men get it wrong slightly high , and women get it wrong slightly low .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Un estudo nos últimos dous anos sobre as persoas que entran no mercado de traballo desde a universidade mostra que o 57% dos nenos ao comezar , ou homes , direi.. negocian o seu primer salario , e só 7% das mulleres .

English:

[Assistant] Women do not negotiate for themselves in the workforce .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E aínda máis importante , os homes auto-atribúense o éxito e as mulleres a factores externos .

English:

[Assistant] A study in the last two years of people entering the workforce out of college showed that 57 percent of boys entering , or men , I guess , are negotiating their first salary , and only seven percent of women .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Se lle preguntas a un home por que fixo un bo traballo , dirá , " Por que son incríbel .

English:

[Assistant] And most importantly , men attribute their success to themselves , and women attribute it to other external factors .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Obviamente. Dubidábalo ?

English:

[Assistant] If you ask men why they did a good job , they ' ll say , " I ' m awesome .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Se lle preguntas o mesmo a unha muller dirá que alguén a axudou , tiveron sorte , traballaron moito .

English:

[Assistant] Obviously. Why are you even asking ? "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Pois importa moito ,

English:

[Assistant] If you ask women why they did a good job , what they ' ll say is someone helped them , they got lucky , they worked really hard .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: porque ninguén chega aos postos importantes sentando a un lado e non na mesa de negociación. E ninguén recibe un ascenso , se non pensa que merece o éxito , ou non entenden o porqué do seu propio éxito .

English:

[Assistant] Boy , it matters a lot .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Querería que a resposta fose doada .

English:

[Assistant] Because no one gets to the corner office by sitting on the side , not at the table , and no one gets the promotion if they don ' t think they deserve their success , or they don ' t even understand their own success .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Se puidera dicirlle a todas esas mulleres novas coas que traballo , todas esas mulleres incribeis , " Crede e negociade por vós mesmas .

English:

[Assistant] I wish the answer were easy .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: sede donas do voso propio éxito "

English:

[Assistant] I wish I could go tell all the young women I work for , these fabulous women , " Believe in yourself and negotiate for yourself .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Querería poder dicirllo á miña filla .

English:

[Assistant] Own your own success. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: mais non é tan sinxelo .

English:

[Assistant] I wish I could tell that to my daughter .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: porque os datos amosan unha cousa , por riba de todo que é que o éxito e a simpatía teñen unha correlación positiva para os homes e negativa para as mulleres .

English:

[Assistant] But it ' s not that simple .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E todos vós asentides coa cabeza porque sabemos que é certo .

English:

[Assistant] Because what the data shows , above all else , is one thing , which is that success and likeability are positively correlated for men and negatively correlated for women .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Ha un estudo moi bo que o mostra moi ben .

English:

[Assistant] And everyone ' s nodding , because we all know this to be true .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: É un importante estudo da Harvard Business School , sobre unha muller chamada Heidi Roizen .

English:

[Assistant] There ' s a really good study that shows this really well .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Ela traballa nunha empresa de Silicon Valley e usou os seus contactos para converterse nunha inversora de éxito en capital risco .

English:

[Assistant] There ' s a famous Harvard Business School study on a woman named Heidi Roizen .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: No 2002 , non ha moito tempo , un profesor que estaba entón na Universidade de Columbia colleu o caso e cambiou o nome por Howard Roizen

English:

[Assistant] And she ' s an operator in a company in Silicon Valley , and she uses her contacts to become a very successful venture capitalist .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: e deu os dous casos a dous grupos de alumnos .

English:

[Assistant] In 2002 -- not so long ago -- a professor who was then at Columbia University took that case and made it [ Howard ] Roizen .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Cambiou só unha palabra : Heidi por Howard .

English:

[Assistant] And he gave the case out , both of them , to two groups of students .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Mais esa palabra supuxo unha gran diferenza .

English:

[Assistant] He changed exactly one word : " Heidi " to " Howard. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E logo fixo unha enquisa aos alumnos. As boas novas é que os estudantes punto homes coma mulleres , pensaron que ambos , Heidi e Howard , eran os dous competentes e iso é bo .

English:

[Assistant] But that one word made a really big difference .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: As malas novas son que a todos lles gustou Howard .

English:

[Assistant] He then surveyed the students , and the good news was the students , both men and women , thought Heidi and Howard were equally competent , and that ' s good .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: É un tipo excelente , queren traballar con el ,

English:

[Assistant] The bad news was that everyone liked Howard .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: queren pasar o día pescando con el .

English:

[Assistant] He ' s a great guy. You want to work for him .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E Heidi ? Non están seguros .

English:

[Assistant] You want to spend the day fishing with him .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: É un pouco egocéntrica e ten un sesgo político .

English:

[Assistant] But Heidi ? Not so sure .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Non estás seguro de se ce hache gustaría traballar con ela .

English:

[Assistant] She ' s a little out for herself. She ' s a little political .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Esta é a complicación .

English:

[Assistant] You ' re not sure you ' d want to work for her .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Temos que lles decer ás nosas fillas , aos nosos compañeiros de traballo , e a nós mesmas que temos que crer que somos os mellores , para conseguir o ascenso , para sentar á mesa. E témolo que facer nun mundo no que para acadalo , terán que sacrificarse , sacrificios que os seus irmáns homes non terán que facer .

English:

[Assistant] This is the complication .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: A parte máis triste de todo isto é que é moi difícil de lembrar .

English:

[Assistant] We have to tell our daughters and our colleagues , we have to tell ourselves to believe we got the A , to reach for the promotion , to sit at the table , and we have to do it in a world where , for them , there are sacrifices they will make for that , even though for their brothers , there are not .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Vou contar unha historia , realmente embarazosa para min , mais eu creo que é importante .

English:

[Assistant] The saddest thing about all of this is that it ' s really hard to remember this .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Dei unha conferencia en Facebook non ha moito tempo a uns 100 empregados. Un par de horas máis tarde , había unha rapaza que traballa alí sentada fóra da miña oficina que quería falar comigo .

English:

[Assistant] And I ' m about to tell a story which is truly embarrassing for me , but I think important .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Díxenlle que estaba ben , que sentara e falariamos .

English:

[Assistant] I gave this talk at Facebook not so long ago to about 100 employees , and a couple hours later , there was a young woman who works there sitting outside my little desk , and she wanted to talk to me .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Díxome : " Hoxe aprendín algo .

English:

[Assistant] I said , okay , and she sat down , and we talked .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Aprendín que teño que manter a man erguida " E díxenlle : " que queres decer ? "

English:

[Assistant] And she said , " I learned something today .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: e dixo : " Ben , estabas dando a conferencia e dixeches que ías atender dúas cuestións máis ,

English:

[Assistant] I learned that I need to keep my hand up. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: e eu , ao igual que moitos outros , tiña a miña man erguida , e contestaches dúas preguntas máis. E entón baixei a man e vin que todas as mulleres fixeron o mesmo ,

English:

[Assistant] She said , " You ' re giving this talk , and you said you would take two more questions .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: e entón respondiches a máis preguntas só dos homes. " E pensei ,

English:

[Assistant] I had my hand up with many other people , and you took two more questions .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: vaia , se isto me acontece a min , algo que me preocupa , cando dou esta conferencia , e en canto a daba nin sequera me dei conta de que as mans dos homes estaban aínda erguidas , e as mans das mulleres estaban aínda erguidas , a que nivel somos bos coma xestores das nosas empresas e organizacións para ver que os homes buscan máis oportunidades que as mulleres ?

English:

[Assistant] I put my hand down , and I noticed all the women did the same , and then you took more questions , only from the men. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Cómpre facer que as mulleres senten á mesa .

English:

[Assistant] And I thought to myself , " Wow , if it ' s me -- who cares about this , obviously -- giving this talk -- and during this talk , I can ' t even notice that the men ' s hands are still raised , and the women ' s hands are still raised , how good are we as managers of our companies and our organizations at seeing that the men are reaching for opportunities more than women ? "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: ( Aplausos ) Mensaxe número dous : fai do teu compañeiro un verdadeiro compañeiro .

English:

[Assistant] We ' ve got to get women to sit at the table .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Estou convencida de que fixemos máis progreso no traballo coa nas nosas casas .

English:

[Assistant] ( Cheers ) ( Applause ) Message number two : Make your partner a real partner .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Os datos amósano con claridade .

English:

[Assistant] I ' ve become convinced that we ' ve made more progress in the workforce than we have in the home .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Se unha muller e un home traballan a tempo completo e teñen un fillo a muller fai o dobre do traballo na casa có home e as mulleres dedican tres veces máis tempo para coidar dos nenos cós homes .

English:

[Assistant] The data shows this very clearly .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Entón ela ten tres ou dous traballos , e el ten un .

English:

[Assistant] If a woman and a man work full-time and have a child , the woman does twice the amount of housework the man does , and the woman does three times the amount of childcare the man does .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Quen pensades que deixará o traballo cando alguén teña que estar na casa ?

English:

[Assistant] So she ' s got three jobs or two jobs , and he ' s got one .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: As razóns disto son moi complicadas , e non teño tempo de entrar en detalles .

English:

[Assistant] Who do you think drops out when someone needs to be home more ?


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Mais non creo que o fútbol o domingo ou a preguiza en xeral son a causa .

English:

[Assistant] The causes of this are really complicated , and I don ' t have time to go into them .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Coido que a causa é máis complicada .

English:

[Assistant] And I don ' t think Sunday football-watching and general laziness is the cause .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Coido que , como sociedade , pomos máis presión sobre os nosos fillos para ter éxito coa sobre as nosas fillas .

English:

[Assistant] I think the cause is more complicated .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Coñezo homes que quedan na casa e traballan na casa para apoiar a carreira das súas mulleres e é difícil. Cando vou a reunións de nais

English:

[Assistant] I think , as a society , we put more pressure on our boys to succeed than we do on our girls .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: e vexo alí ao pai , doume conta que as outras nais non interactúan con el .

English:

[Assistant] I know men that stay home and work in the home to support wives with careers , and it ' s hard .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E iso é un problema , porque temos que dignificar o traballo porque é a cousa máis difícil do mundo , traballar na casa para persoas de ambos sexos se queremos igualar a cousa e que mulleres traballen fóra .

English:

[Assistant] When I go to the Mommy-and-Me stuff and I see the father there , I notice that the other mommies don ' t play with him .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: ( Aplausos ) Os estudos amosan que familias con salarios e responsabilidades similares tamén padecen a metade de divorcios .

English:

[Assistant] And that ' s a problem , because we have to make it as important a job , because it ' s the hardest job in the world to work inside the home , for people of both genders , if we ' re going to even things out and let women stay in the workforce .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E se isto non é motivación suficiente para todo o mundo , eles tamén teñen ... ... como dicilo neste escenario ?

English:

[Assistant] ( Applause ) Studies show that households with equal earning and equal responsibility also have half the divorce rate .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Estas parellas coñecense mellor , no sentido bíblico tamén .

English:

[Assistant] And if that wasn ' t good enough motivation for everyone out there , they also have more -- how shall I say this on this stage ?


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: ( Risos ) Mensaxe número tres : non abandones antes de tempo .

English:

[Assistant] They know each other more in the biblical sense as well .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Creo que é unha grande ironía que as mulleres tomen medidas , e véxoo todo o tempo , co fin de seguir traballando , e que en realidade as leva a deixar o traballo .

English:

[Assistant] ( Cheers ) Message number three : Don ' t leave before you leave .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Isto é o que acontece : todos estamos moi ocupados , todo o mundo , as mulleres están ocupadas .

English:

[Assistant] I think there ' s a really deep irony to the fact that actions women are taking -- and I see this all the time -- with the objective of staying in the workforce actually lead to their eventually leaving .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E a muller comeza a pensar en ter un fillo. E desde o momento que comeza a pensar en ter un fillo comeza a pensar en encontrar o tempo para o seu fillo .

English:

[Assistant] Here ' s what happens : We ' re all busy. Everyone ' s busy. A woman ' s busy .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: " Como podo combinar iso con todo o que fago ? "

English:

[Assistant] And she starts thinking about having a child , and from the moment she starts thinking about having a child , she starts thinking about making room for that child .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E , literalmente , a partir daquel momento , deixa de erguer a man , xa non procura un ascenso , xa non inicia un novo proxecto , xa non di , " Eu quero facelo " .

English:

[Assistant] " How am I going to fit this into everything else I ' m doing ? "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Comeza a botarse para atrás .

English:

[Assistant] And literally from that moment , she doesn ' t raise her hand anymore , she doesn ' t look for a promotion , she doesn ' t take on the new project , she doesn ' t say , " Me. I want to do that. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: O problema é que ... digamos que fica en cinta , ese Día nove meses de xestación , tres meses de licenza de maternidade seis meses para recuperar o alento , e pasan dous anos , con moita frecuencia ... coma teño visto , as mulleres comezan a pensar sobre iso moito antes , cando se comprometen , cando casan , cando comezan a pensar en tentar ter un fillo , algo que pode levar moito tempo. Unha vez unha muller viu a verme para falar diso

English:

[Assistant] She starts leaning back .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: e mirei para ela pareceume una rapaciña .

English:

[Assistant] The problem is that -- let ' s say she got pregnant that day , that day -- nine months of pregnancy , three months of maternity leave , six months to catch your breath -- Fast-forward two years , more often -- and as I ' ve seen it -- women start thinking about this way earlier -- when they get engaged , or married , when they start thinking about having a child , which can take a long time .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E díxenlle : " Entón ti e o teu marido estades a pensar en ter un fillo ? "

English:

[Assistant] She looked a little young .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E dixo : " Non , non estou casada. "

English:

[Assistant] And I said , " So are you and your husband thinking about having a baby ? "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Nin sequera tiña un mozo .

English:

[Assistant] And she said , " Oh no , I ' m not married. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E dixen : " Estás a pensar sobre isto moi cedo " .

English:

[Assistant] She didn ' t even have a boyfriend .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Mais o argumento é , que ocorre cando un comeza a retirarse lentamente ?

English:

[Assistant] ( Laughter ) I said , " You ' re thinking about this just way too early. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Todos os que pasaron por isto ... e estou aquí para dicirvos , que cando ha un neno na casa máis vale que o teu traballo sexa bo porque é moi difícil deixar o neno na casa , o teu traballo ten que ser un desafío .

English:

[Assistant] But the point is that what happens once you start kind of quietly leaning back ?


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Ten que darte satisfacción .

English:

[Assistant] Everyone who ' s been through this -- and I ' m here to tell you , once you have a child at home , your job better be really good to go back , because it ' s hard to leave that kid at home .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Tes que sentir que estás marcando a diferenza .

English:

[Assistant] Your job needs to be challenging .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E se ha dous anos non acadaches o ascenso e algún home no traballo o conseguiu , se ha tres anos deixaches de procurar novas oportunidades vas estar aborrecida porque deberías ter deixado o pé no acelerador .

English:

[Assistant] You need to feel like you ' re making a difference .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Non abandones antes de tempo .

English:

[Assistant] And if two years ago you didn ' t take a promotion and some guy next to you did , if three years ago you stopped looking for new opportunities , you ' re going to be bored because you should have kept your foot on the gas pedal .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Fica .

English:

[Assistant] Don ' t leave before you leave .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Mantén o pé no acelerador até que de verdade teñas que marchar para ocuparte do teu fillo e só entón toma as túas decisións .

English:

[Assistant] Stay in .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Non tomes decisións demasiado cedo , especialmente daquelas que nin sequera sabes que as estás tomando .

English:

[Assistant] Keep your foot on the gas pedal , until the very day you need to leave to take a break for a child -- and then make your decisions .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: A miña xeración realmente , e por desgraza , non vai cambiar os números que ha no cume .

English:

[Assistant] Don ' t make decisions too far in advance , particularly ones you ' re not even conscious you ' re making .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Non están a cambiar .

English:

[Assistant] My generation really , sadly , is not going to change the numbers at the top .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Non imos chegar a ese 50% da poboación ... ... na miña xeración , non haberá un 50% de mulleres en postos superiores de calquera sector .

English:

[Assistant] They ' re just not moving .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Mais agardo que sexa así en xeracións futuras .

English:

[Assistant] We are not going to get to where 50 percent of the population -- in my generation , there will not be 50 percent of [ women ] at the top of any industry .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Coido que un mundo onde a metade dos países e metade das empresas fosen gobernados por mulleres , sería un mundo mellor .

English:

[Assistant] But I ' m hopeful that future generations can .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E non só porque a xente sabería onde están os baños para as mulleres , o que sería moi útil .

English:

[Assistant] I think a world where half of our countries and our companies were run by women , would be a better world .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Coido que sería un mundo mellor. Teño dous fillos .

English:

[Assistant] It ' s not just because people would know where the women ' s bathrooms are , even though that would be very helpful .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Teño un fillo de cinco anos e unha filla de dous anos .

English:

[Assistant] I think it would be a better world .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Quero que o meu fillo teña a oportunidade de contribuír plenamente no lugar de traballo ou na casa e quero que miña filla teña a oportunidade de escoller non só para ter exito , mais para ser amada polos seus logros .

English:

[Assistant] I have two children .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Gustaríame dicirvos a todos que sodes uns ciborgs mais non do tipo que imaxinades .

English:

[Assistant] I want my son to have a choice to contribute fully in the workforce or at home , and I want my daughter to have the choice to not just succeed , but to be liked for her accomplishments .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Non sodes nin Robocop nin Terminator , mais sodes ciborgs cada vez que mirades un monitor ou usades algún dispositivo móbil .

English:

[Assistant] I would like to tell you all that you are all actually cyborgs , but not the cyborgs that you think .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Cal sería unha boa definición de ciborg ?

English:

[Assistant] You ' re not RoboCop , and you ' re not Terminator , but you ' re cyborgs every time you look at a computer screen or use one of your cell phone devices .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: A definición tradicional di que é un organismo " ao que se lle engadiron elementos esóxenos co fin de adaptarse a novos medios " .

English:

[Assistant] So what ' s a good definition for cyborg ?


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: O termo xurdiu nun artigo sobre viaxes espaciais en 1966. Porque , se vos parades a pensar , o espazo é bastante incómodo ;

English:

[Assistant] Well , traditional definition is " an organism to which exogenous components have been added for the purpose of adapting to new environments. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: suponse que a xente non debe estar alí .

English:

[Assistant] That came from a 1960 paper on space travel , because , if you think about it , space is pretty awkward .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Mais os humanos son curiosos e gústalles engadir cousas ao corpo para poder ir aos Alpes un día e ser como un peixe no mar ao seguinte .

English:

[Assistant] People aren ' t supposed to be there .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Consideremos o concepto da antropoloxía tradicional .

English:

[Assistant] But humans are curious , and they like to add things to their bodies so they can go to the Alps one day and then become a fish in the sea the next .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Alguén vai a outro país e di : " Que fascinante é esta xente , que interesantes son as súas ferramentas , que curiosa é a súa cultura " .

English:

[Assistant] So let ' s look at the concept of traditional anthropology .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E logo escriben un artigo , que Se callar lerán un par de antropólogos , e cremos que é algo moi exótico .

English:

[Assistant] Somebody goes to another country , says , " How fascinating these people are , how interesting their tools are , how curious their culture is. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Ben , o que ocorre é que de repente atopamos unha nova especie .

English:

[Assistant] And then they write a paper , and maybe a few other anthropologists read it , and we think it ' s very exotic .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Eu , como antropóloga ciborg , díxenme de pronto : " Vaia ! Somos unha nova forma de homo sapiens. Mirade estas culturas fascinantes. Mirade estes rituais curiosos de toda esta xente arredor desta tecnoloxía .

English:

[Assistant] Well , what ' s happening is that we ' ve suddenly found a new species .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Clican nunhas cousas e logo miran fixamente as pantallas " .

English:

[Assistant] I , as a cyborg anthropologist , have suddenly said , " Oh , wow. Now suddenly we ' re a new form of Homo sapiens , and look at these fascinating cultures , and look at these curious rituals that everybody ' s doing around this technology .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Mais ha unha razón pola que estudo isto en lugar da antropoloxía tradicional .

English:

[Assistant] They ' re clicking on things and staring at screens. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E a razón é que o uso de ferramentas nos principios , durante miles e miles de anos , implicou unha modificación física do ser .

English:

[Assistant] Now there ' s a reason why I study this , versus traditional anthropology .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Axudounos a estende-lo noso eu físico , a ir máis rápido , a golpear cousas máis forte , e iso tivo un límite .

English:

[Assistant] And the reason is that tool use , in the beginning -- for thousands and thousands of years , everything has been a physical modification of self .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Mais agora o que observamos non é unha estensión física do eu , senón unha estensión do eu mental. E por iso podemos viaxar máis rápido e comunicarnos de maneira diferente .

English:

[Assistant] It has helped us to extend our physical selves , go faster , hit things harder , and there ' s been a limit on that .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E a outra cousa que ocorre é que todos levamos ás costas tecnoloxía do tipo Mary Poppins .

English:

[Assistant] But now what we ' re looking at is not an extension of the physical self , but an extension of the mental self , and because of that , we ' re able to travel faster , communicate differently .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Podemos engadirlle o que queiramos e non por iso pesará máis e logo podemos quitarlle o que sexa .

English:

[Assistant] And the other thing that happens is that we ' re all carrying around little Mary Poppins technology .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Como é o interior dunha computadora ?

English:

[Assistant] We can put anything we want into it , and it doesn ' t get heavier , and then we can take anything out .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Ben , se se imprimise veríase como uns 450 quilos de material que van convosco todo o tempo .

English:

[Assistant] What does the inside of your computer actually look like ?


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E se perdedes esa información créase de súpeto un baleiro mental e sentides como que vos falta algo , mais non o podedes ver e entón tedes unha sensación estraña .

English:

[Assistant] Well , if you print it out , it looks like a thousand pounds of material that you ' re carrying around all the time .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: A outra cousa que ocorre é que un tedes un segundo eu .

English:

[Assistant] And if you actually lose that information , it means that you suddenly have this loss in your mind , that you suddenly feel like something ' s missing , except you aren ' t able to see it , so it feels like a very strange emotion .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Gústevos ou non , estades comezando a aparecer en liña , e a xente está interactuando co voso segundo eu cando non estades alí .

English:

[Assistant] The other thing that happens is that you have a second self .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Por iso tedes que ser coidadosos ao expor o voso xardín dianteiro que é , basicamente , o muro de Facebook para que as persoas non escriban alí no medio da noite porque o efecto é máis ou menos o mesmo .

English:

[Assistant] Whether you like it or not , you ' re starting to show up online , and people are interacting with your second self when you ' re not there .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E , de súpeto , temos que comezar a manter o noso segundo eu .

English:

[Assistant] And so you have to be careful about leaving your front lawn open , which is basically your Facebook wall , so that people don ' t write on it in the middle of the night -- because it ' s very much the equivalent .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Un ten que presentarse na vida dixital de maneira similar a como o faría na vida analóxica .

English:

[Assistant] And suddenly we have to start to maintain our second self .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Así que da mesma forma que cada día un se levanta , se ducha e se viste , tedes que aprender a facer iso para o voso eu dixital .

English:

[Assistant] You have to present yourself in digital life in a similar way that you would in your analog life .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E o problema é que moita xente hoxe en día , sobre todo os adolescentes , teñen que atravesar dúas adolescencias .

English:

[Assistant] So , in the same way that you wake up , take a shower and get dressed , you have to learn to do that for your digital self .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Teñen que pasar pola primeira , e iso xa é algo incómodo , e despois teñen que pasar pola adolescencia do seu segundo eu. E iso é aínda máis incómodo porque ha unha historia real da súa actividade dixital .

English:

[Assistant] And the problem is that a lot of people now , especially adolescents , have to go through two adolescences .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Calquera que entra nunha nova tecnoloxía é un adolescente dixitais hoxe en día. Por iso é moi incómodo e lle resulta moi difícil facer esas cousas .

English:

[Assistant] They have to go through their primary one , that ' s already awkward , and then they go through their second self ' s adolescence , and that ' s even more awkward because there ' s an actual history of what they ' ve gone through online .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Cando era nena , meu pai adoitaba dicirme pola noite : " Vouche ensinar cousas sobre o tempo e o espazo no futuro " .

English:

[Assistant] And anybody coming in new to technology is an adolescent online right now , and so it ' s very awkward , and it ' s very difficult for them to do those things .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Eu dicíalle : " Xenial ! "

English:

[Assistant] So when I was little , my dad would sit me down at night and he would say , " I ' m going to teach you about time and space in the future. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E un día dixo : " Cal é a distancia máis curta entre dous puntos ? "

English:

[Assistant] And I said , " Great. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Eu respondinlle : " É a liña recta .

English:

[Assistant] And he said one day , " What ' s the shortest distance between two points ? "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Dixéchesmo onte " . Eu pensaba que era moi intelixente .

English:

[Assistant] And I said , " Well , that ' s a straight line. You told me that yesterday. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: El díxome : " Non , non , non. ha unha maneira mellor " .

English:

[Assistant] I thought I was very clever .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Colleu un anaco de papel , debuxou un A e un B a cada lado , e dobrouno de maneira que A e B se tocasen .

English:

[Assistant] He said , " No , no , no. Here ' s a better way. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E dixo : " Esa é a distancia máis curta entre dous puntos " .

English:

[Assistant] He took a piece of paper , drew A and B on one side and the other and folded them together so where A and B touched .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Díxenlle : " Papi , papi , papi , como se fai ? "

English:

[Assistant] And he said , " That is the shortest distance between two points. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Díxome : " Ben , só ha que doblar o tempo e o espazo , iso precisa dunha gran cantidade de enerxía , e así é como se fai " .

English:

[Assistant] And I said , " Dad , dad , dad , how do you do that ? "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E díxenlle : " Quero facer iso " .

English:

[Assistant] He said , " Well , you just bend time and space , it takes an awful lot of energy , and that ' s just how you do it. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Respondeume : " Está ben " .

English:

[Assistant] And I said , " I want to do that. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E así , cada noite durante os seguientes 10 ou 20 anos pensaba ao me deitar : " Quero se-la primeira persoa en crear un buraco de verme , para facer que as cousas aceleren máis rápido .

English:

[Assistant] And he said , " Well , okay. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E quero facer unha máquina do tempo " .

English:

[Assistant] And so , when I went to sleep for the next 10 or 20 years , I was thinking at night , " I want to be the first person to create a wormhole , to make things accelerate faster .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Sempre estaba a mandar mensaxes ao meu eu futuro usando grabadoras .

English:

[Assistant] And I want to make a time machine. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Mais logo decateime na universidade que a tecnoloxía non se adopta só porque funciona ;

English:

[Assistant] I was always sending messages to my future self using tape recorders .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: adóptase porque a xente a usa e porque está feita para humanos .

English:

[Assistant] But then what I realized when I went to college is that technology doesn ' t just get adopted because it works .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Así que empecei a estudar antropoloxía .

English:

[Assistant] It gets adopted because people use it and it ' s made for humans .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E cando estaba escribindo a miña tese sobre teléfonos móbiles decateime de que todo o mundo levaba buracos de verme nos seus petos .

English:

[Assistant] So I started studying anthropology .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Non os transportaban físicamente mais si que os transportaban mentalmente .

English:

[Assistant] And when I was writing my thesis on cell phones , I realized that everyone was carrying around wormholes in their pockets .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Eles cun clic nun motón conectábanse nun instante coma A e B .

English:

[Assistant] They weren ' t physically transporting themselves ; they were mentally transporting themselves .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E pensei : " Guau , atopeino , isto é xenial ! "

English:

[Assistant] They would click on a button , and they would be connected as A to B immediately .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Co tempo , o tempo e o espazo comprimíronse Grazas a isto .

English:

[Assistant] And I thought , " Oh , wow. I found it. This is great. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Un pode estar nunha punta do mundo murmurar algo e ser escoitado na outra punta .

English:

[Assistant] So over time , time and space have compressed because of this .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Outra das ideas que andan dando voltas é que un ten distintos tipos de tempo en cada un dos dispositivos que usa .

English:

[Assistant] You can stand on one side of the world , whisper something and be heard on the other .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Cada pestana do navegador danos un tipo de tempo diferente .

English:

[Assistant] One of the other ideas that comes around is that you have a different type of time on every single device that you use .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E debido a isto un comeza a escarvar buscando as memorias externas ... onde as deixaches ?

English:

[Assistant] Every single browser tab gives you a different type of time .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Así que agora todos somos paleontólogos escarvando en busca de cousas perdidas nos nosos cerebros externos que levamos no bolso .

English:

[Assistant] And because of that , you start to dig around for your external memories -- where did you leave them ?


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E isto provoca unha especie de arquitectura do pánico. Ai Deus ! Onde o puxen ?

English:

[Assistant] So now we ' re all these paleontologists that are digging for things that we ' ve lost on our external brains that we ' re carrying around in our pockets .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Somos todos como " Eu amo a Lucy " nunha gran liña de producción de información e non podemos mante-lo ritmo .

English:

[Assistant] And that incites a sort of panic architecture -- " Oh no , where ' s this thing ? "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E o que termina pasando cando levamos todo iso ao espazo social é que miramos o teléfono todo o tempo .

English:

[Assistant] We ' re all " I Love Lucy " on a great assembly line of information , and we can ' t keep up .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Temos algo chamado " intimidade ambiente " .

English:

[Assistant] And so what happens is , when we bring all that into the social space , we end up checking our phones all the time .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Non se trata de estar sempre conectado con todos senón que en calquera momento podemos conectarnos con calquera .

English:

[Assistant] So we have this thing called ambient intimacy .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E se puidesemos imprimir tódolos contactos do teléfono a sala estaría abarrotada de xente .

English:

[Assistant] It ' s not that we ' re always connected to everybody , but at anytime we can connect to anyone we want .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Estas son as persoas ás que tedes acceso agora mesmo , en xeral , todas estas persoas , tódolos amigos e familiares cos que podedes contactar .

English:

[Assistant] And if you were able to print out everybody in your cell phone , the room would be very crowded .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Ha algúns efectos psicolóxicos derivados disto .

English:

[Assistant] These are the people that you have access to right now , in general -- all of these people , all of your friends and family that you can connect to .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Un que me preocupa moito é que as persoas xa non dedican tempo ningún a reflexionar e que non desaceleran nin paran , ao estar preto de todas esas persoas da sala todo o tempo que tratan de competir pola súa atención nas distintas interfaces concurrentes ; paleontoloxía e arquitectura do pánico .

English:

[Assistant] And so there are some psychological effects that happen with this .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Non só están sentados alí .

English:

[Assistant] One I ' m really worried about is that people aren ' t taking time for mental reflection anymore , and that they aren ' t slowing down and stopping , being around all those people in the room all the time that are trying to compete for their attention on the simultaneous time interfaces , paleontology and panic architecture .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E , realmente , cando un non ten impulsos externos ; nese momento é cando se produce a creación do eu , cando podedes facer plans a longo prazo , cando podedes tratar de descubrir quen sodes en realidade .

English:

[Assistant] They ' re not just sitting there .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E logo , unha vez que o facedes , podedes pensar como presentar o segundo eu de maneira lexítima , no canto de enfrontarse a todo tal e como vén e estar : " oh , teño que facer isto , e isto , e isto outro " .

English:

[Assistant] And really , when you have no external input , that is a time when there is a creation of self , when you can do long-term planning , when you can try and figure out who you really are .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Por iso isto é moi importante .

English:

[Assistant] And then , once you do that , you can figure out how to present your second self in a legitimate way , instead of just dealing with everything as it comes in -- and oh , I have to do this , and I have to do this , and I have to do this .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Preocúpame moito que , sobre todo os nenos de hoxe , non van experimentar este tempo de inactividade xa que teñen unha cultura do clic instantáneo e que todo vén a eles ; iso entusiásmalles moito e xéralles dependencia .

English:

[Assistant] And so this is very important .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Así que , se o pensan ben , o mundo tampouco se detivo .

English:

[Assistant] I ' m really worried that , especially kids today , they ' re not going to be dealing with this down-time , that they have an instantaneous button-clicking culture , and that everything comes to them , and that they become very excited about it and very addicted to it .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Ten as súas propias próteses externas e estes dispositivos axúdannos a todos a comunicarnos e interactuar uns con outros .

English:

[Assistant] So if you think about it , the world hasn ' t stopped either .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Mais cando o visualizamos realmente , tódalas conexións que temos agora mesmo - esta é unha imaxe da interconxión de Internet - non parece moi tecnolóxico ;

English:

[Assistant] It has its own external prosthetic devices , and these devices are helping us all to communicate and interact with each other .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: parece máis ben algo orgánico .

English:

[Assistant] But when you actually visualize it , all the connections that we ' re doing right now -- this is an image of the mapping of the Internet -- it doesn ' t look technological .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Esta é a primeira vez en toda a historia da Humanidade que nos conectamos desta forma .

English:

[Assistant] It actually looks very organic .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E non é que as máquinas estean a toma-lo control ;

English:

[Assistant] This is the first time in the entire history of humanity that we ' ve connected in this way .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: senón que nos están axudando a ser máis humanos , nos están axudando a conectarnos mutuamente .

English:

[Assistant] And it ' s not that machines are taking over .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: A tecnoloxía máis exitosa faise á un lado e axúdanos a vivi-las nosas vidas .

English:

[Assistant] It ' s that they ' re helping us to be more human , helping us to connect with each other .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E , en realidade , acaba sendo algo máis humano que tecnolóxico porque estamos co-creándonos uns aos outros todo o tempo .

English:

[Assistant] The most successful technology gets out of the way and helps us live our lives .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E este é o punto importante que me gustaría estudar : que as cousas son hermosas , que todavía existe unha conexión humana ; só que se realiza dun modo diferente .

English:

[Assistant] And really , it ends up being more human than technology , because we ' re co-creating each other all the time .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Estamos aumentando a nosa humanidade e a nosa capacidade de conectarnos uns cos outros a pesar a xeografía .

English:

[Assistant] And so this is the important point that I like to study : that things are beautiful , that it ' s still a human connection -- it ' s just done in a different way .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: É por iso que estudo antropoloxía ciborg .

English:

[Assistant] We ' re just increasing our humanness and our ability to connect with each other , regardless of geography .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Quero que ollen para este bebé .

English:

[Assistant] So that ' s why I study cyborg anthropology .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Séntense atraídos polos seus ollos e pola pel que lles gustaría tocar .

English:

[Assistant] I want you to take a look at this baby .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Mais hoxe vou falar de algo que non poden ver ,

English:

[Assistant] What you ' re drawn to are her eyes and the skin you love to touch .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: algo que ocorre no seu pequeno cerebro .

English:

[Assistant] But today I ' m going to talk to you about something you can ' t see .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: As ferramentas modernas da neurociencia están a amosarnos que o que ocorre no seu cerebro é un proceso moi complexo .

English:

[Assistant] What ' s going on up in that little brain of hers .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: O que estamos aprendendo vai esclarecer en parte o que os poetas e escritores románticos describían como " apertura celestial " da mente infantil .

English:

[Assistant] The modern tools of neuroscience are demonstrating to us that what ' s going on up there is nothing short of rocket science .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: O que vemos aquí é unha mai da India que está a falar koro , unha lingua descuberta ha pouco .

English:

[Assistant] And what we ' re learning is going to shed some light on what the romantic writers and poets described as the " celestial openness " of the child ' s mind .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Está a falarlle ao seu bebé. O que esta mai sabe ,

English:

[Assistant] What we see here is a mother in India , and she ' s speaking Koro , which is a newly discovered language .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: así como os 800 falantes de koro do mundo , é que se quere conservar esa lingua ten que falárllela aos seus bebés .

English:

[Assistant] And she ' s talking to her baby .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E aquí xorde unha incógnita crucial :

English:

[Assistant] What this mother -- and the 800 people who speak Koro in the world -- understands is that , to preserve this language , they need to speak it to the babies .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Por que non se pode conservar unha lingua falando con vostedes e comigo , cos adultos ?

English:

[Assistant] And therein lies a critical puzzle .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: A resposta está no cerebro .

English:

[Assistant] Why is it that you can ' t preserve a language by speaking to you and I , to the adults ?


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: O que vemos aquí é que ha un período crítico para a aprendizaxe dunha lingua .

English:

[Assistant] Well , it ' s got to do with your brain .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Nesta diapositiva , teñen que buscar a súa idade no eixo horizontal .

English:

[Assistant] What we see here is that language has a critical period for learning .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: ( Risos ) E no eixo vertical verán a súa capacidade de adquirir unha segunda lingua .

English:

[Assistant] The way to read this slide is to look at your age on the horizontal axis .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Os bebés e os nenos son xenios até os sete anos , cando comeza un descenso sistemático .

English:

[Assistant] ( Laughter ) And you ' ll see on the vertical your skill at acquiring a second language .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Despois da puberdade , saímonos do mapa .

English:

[Assistant] The babies and children are geniuses until they turn seven , and then there ' s a systematic decline .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Ningún científico cuestiona esta gráfica , mais os laboratorios de todo o mundo intentan descubrir por que funciona deste xeito .

English:

[Assistant] After puberty , we fall off the map .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: No meu laboratorio , o traballo céntrase no primeiro período crítico no desenvolvemento , que é o período no que os bebés intentan discernir que sons se usan na súa lingua .

English:

[Assistant] No scientists dispute this curve , but laboratories all over the world are trying to figure out why it works this way .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Cremos que , estudando como se aprenden os sons , teremos un modelo para o resto da lingua , e se callar para outros períodos críticos que poida haber na infancia para o desenvolvemento social , emocional e cognitivo .

English:

[Assistant] Work in my lab is focused on the first critical period in development , and that is the period in which babies try to master which sounds are used in their language .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Estamos estudando os bebés mediante unha técnica que estamos a usar en todo o mundo e cos sons de tódalas linguaxes .

English:

[Assistant] We think , by studying how the sounds are learned , we ' ll have a model for the rest of language , and perhaps for critical periods that may exist in childhood for social , emotional and cognitive development .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: O bebé senta no colo dos seus pais e ensinámoslle a xirar a cabeza cando un son cambia , como de " a " a " i " . Se o fan no momento adecuado ,

English:

[Assistant] So we ' ve been studying the babies using a technique that we ' re using all over the world and the sounds of all languages .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: a caixa negra ilumínase e un panda touca un tambor .

English:

[Assistant] The baby sits on a parent ' s lap , and we train them to turn their heads when a sound changes -- like from " ah " to " ee. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: A un bebé de seis meses encántalle esta actividade .

English:

[Assistant] If they do so at the appropriate time , the black box lights up and a panda bear pounds a drum .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E que aprendemos ?

English:

[Assistant] A six-monther adores the task .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Que os bebés de todo o mundo son o que me gosta denominar cidadáns do mundo .

English:

[Assistant] What have we learned ?


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Poden diferenciar tódolos sons de tódolas linguas , sen importar con que país ou con que lingua fagamos os experimentos. E isto é salientábel porque nin vostedes nin eu podemos facer isto .

English:

[Assistant] Well , babies all over the world are what I like to describe as " citizens of the world. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Nós estamos limitados pola nosa cultura. Podemos diferenciar os sonidos da nosa propia lingua ,

English:

[Assistant] They can discriminate all the sounds of all languages , no matter what country we ' re testing and what language we ' re using , and that ' s remarkable because you and I can ' t do that .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: mais non os de linguas estranxeiras. De modo que a pregunta que xorde

English:

[Assistant] We ' re culture-bound listeners .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: é cándo pasan estes cidadáns do mundo a ser oíntes limitados pola cultura , coma nós ?

English:

[Assistant] We can discriminate the sounds of our own language , but not those of foreign languages .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: A resposta : antes do seu primer aniversario .

English:

[Assistant] So the question arises : When do those citizens of the world turn into the language-bound listeners that we are ?


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: O que ven aquí é o rendemento na actividade de xirar a cabeza con bebés de Tokio e dos Estados Unidos , aquí , en Seatlle , en canto que escoitaban " ra " and " la " , que son sons importantes no inglés , mais non no xaponés .

English:

[Assistant] And the answer : before their first birthdays .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Dos seis aos oito meses , os resultados son idénticos .

English:

[Assistant] What you see here is performance on that head-turn task for babies tested in Tokyo and the United States , here in Seattle , as they listened to " ra " and " la " -- sounds important to English , but not to Japanese .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Dous meses mais tarde , ocorre algo asombroso .

English:

[Assistant] So at six to eight months , the babies are totally equivalent .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Os bebés estadounidenses melloran moitísimo , e os bebés xaponeses empeoran moito tamén , porque os dous grupos de bebés prepáranse exactamente para a lingua que van ter que aprender. Así que a pregunta é : que sucede

English:

[Assistant] Two months later , something incredible occurs .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: neste período crítico de dous meses ?

English:

[Assistant] The babies in the United States are getting a lot better , babies in Japan are getting a lot worse , but both of those groups of babies are preparing for exactly the language that they are going to learn .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Este é o período crítico para o desenvolvemento dos sons , mais que sucede no cerebro ?

English:

[Assistant] So the question is : What ' s happening during this critical two-month period ?


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Pois suceden dúas cousas .

English:

[Assistant] This is the critical period for sound development , but what ' s going on up there ?


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: A primeira é que os bebés escoitan atentamente e calculan estatísticas en canto nos oen falar. Sí , calculan estatísticas. Escoitemos a dúas nais falar en " maternalés " ,

English:

[Assistant] So there are two things going on .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: que é a lingua universal que usamos para falarlles aos nenos , primeiro en inglés e despois en xaponés .

English:

[Assistant] The first is that the babies are listening intently to us , and they ' re taking statistics as they listen to us talk -- they ' re taking statistics .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: ( Vídeo ) mai inglesa : Ah , I love your big blue eyes - so pretty and nice .

English:

[Assistant] So listen to two mothers speaking motherese -- the universal language we use when we talk to kids -- first in English and then in Japanese .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Mai xaponesa : [ waa okina chairoi o me-me soshite kireina kuroi kami ] . Patricia Kuhl : Durante a produción da fala , en canto os bebés escoitan , calculan estatísticas da lingua que escoitan .

English:

[Assistant] ( Video ) Ah , I love your big blue eyes -- so pretty and nice .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E esas distribucións crecen .

English:

[Assistant] ( Japanese ) Patricia Kuhl : During the production of speech , when babies listen , what they ' re doing is taking statistics on the language that they hear .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: O que aprendemos é que os bebés son sensíbeis ás estatísticas , e as estatísticas do inglés e o xaponés son moi diferentes .

English:

[Assistant] And those distributions grow .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: O inglés ten moitas R e L ,

English:

[Assistant] And what we ' ve learned is that babies are sensitive to the statistics , and the statistics of Japanese and English are very , very different .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: como mostra a distribución .

English:

[Assistant] English has a lot of Rs and Ls .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E a distribución do xaponés é totalmente diferente onde vemos un grupo de sons intermedios que se coñece como a R xaponesa .

English:

[Assistant] The distribution shows .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Os bebés absorben estas estatísticas da lingua , e estas moldean o seu cerebro e fan que pasen de ser cidadáns do mundo a ser os oíntes limitados pola cultura súa cultura .

English:

[Assistant] And the distribution of Japanese is totally different , where we see a group of intermediate sounds , which is known as the Japanese " R. "


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Nós , os adultos , xa non absorbemos esas estatísticas .

English:

[Assistant] So babies absorb the statistics of the language and it changes their brains ; it changes them from the citizens of the world to the culture-bound listeners that we are .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Estamos gobernados polas representacións mentais que se formaron na etapa de desenvolvemento .

English:

[Assistant] But we as adults are no longer absorbing those statistics .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: De modo que o que vemos aquí cambia os nosos modelos de funcionamento do período crítico .

English:

[Assistant] We are governed by the representations in memory that were formed early in development .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Afirmamos , cunha base matemática , que a aprendizaxe dunha lingua pode ralentizarse cando se asentan as nosas distribucións .

English:

[Assistant] So what we ' re seeing here is changing our models of what the critical period is about .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Isto fai que xurdan moitas preguntas sobre as persoas bilingües .

English:

[Assistant] We ' re arguing from a mathematical standpoint that the learning of language material may slow down when our distributions stabilize .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: As persoas bilingües deben ter en conta dous estatísticas a un tempo e pasar de unha a outra , dependendo de con quen falen .

English:

[Assistant] It ' s raising lots of questions about bilingual people .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Por iso nos preguntamos a nós mesmos : os bebés poden calcular estatísticas dunha lingua allea ?

English:

[Assistant] Bilinguals must keep two sets of statistics in mind at once and flip between them , one after the other , depending on who they ' re speaking to .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: E fixemos un experimento que bebés estadounidenses que nunca tiveran contacto cunha segunda lingua escoitasen mandarín por primeira vez durante o período crítico .

English:

[Assistant] So we asked ourselves , can the babies take statistics on a brand new language ?


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Sabiamos que , cando se facía que bebés monolingües de Taipei e Seatlle escoitaran mandarín , amosaban o mesmo patrón .

English:

[Assistant] And we tested this by exposing American babies who ' d never heard a second language to Mandarin for the first time during the critical period .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: De 6 a 8 meses , resultados idénticos .

English:

[Assistant] We knew that , when monolinguals were tested in Taipei and Seattle on the Mandarin sounds , they showed the same pattern .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Dous meses máis tarde , ocorre algo asombroso .

English:

[Assistant] Six to eight months , they ' re totally equivalent .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Os bebés taiwaneses melloraban moito , os estadounidenses non .

English:

[Assistant] Two months later , something incredible happens .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: O que fixemos foi expoñer a bebés estadounideneses neste período ao mandarín .

English:

[Assistant] But the Taiwanese babies are getting better , not the American babies .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Era como ter familiares que veñen a visitarte durante un mes , que se trasladan á túa casa e que falan mandarín cos bebés durante 12 sesións .

English:

[Assistant] What we did was expose American babies , during this period , to Mandarin .


[User]
Translate the following text from Galician into English.
Galician: Así foi como o vimos no laboratorio. ( Vídeo ) : Falante de mandarín : [ Mandarín ]

English:

[Assistant] It was like having Mandarin relatives come and visit for a month and move into your house and talk to the babies for 12 sessions .