{
    "file_diffs": [
        {
            "old_file_content": "from __future__ import annotations\n\nfrom pathlib import Path\n\nimport pytest\n\nfrom PIL import Image, ImageSequence, PngImagePlugin\n\n\n# APNG browser support tests and fixtures via:\n# https://philip.html5.org/tests/apng/tests.html\n# (referenced from https://wiki.mozilla.org/APNG_Specification)\ndef test_apng_basic() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/single_frame.png\") as im:\n        assert not im.is_animated\n        assert im.n_frames == 1\n        assert im.get_format_mimetype() == \"image/apng\"\n        assert im.info.get(\"default_image\") is None\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/single_frame_default.png\") as im:\n        assert im.is_animated\n        assert im.n_frames == 2\n        assert im.get_format_mimetype() == \"image/apng\"\n        assert im.info.get(\"default_image\")\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (255, 0, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (255, 0, 0, 255)\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n        # test out of bounds seek\n        with pytest.raises(EOFError):\n            im.seek(2)\n\n        # test rewind support\n        im.seek(0)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (255, 0, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (255, 0, 0, 255)\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\n@pytest.mark.parametrize(\n    \"filename\",\n    (\"Tests/images/apng/split_fdat.png\", \"Tests/images/apng/split_fdat_zero_chunk.png\"),\n)\ndef test_apng_fdat(filename: str) -> None:\n    with Image.open(filename) as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_apng_dispose() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_none.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_background.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_background_final.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_previous.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_previous_final.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_previous_first.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n\ndef test_apng_dispose_region() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_none_region.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_background_before_region.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_background_region.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 255, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_previous_region.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_apng_dispose_op_previous_frame() -> None:\n    # Test that the dispose settings being used are from the previous frame\n    #\n    # Image created with:\n    # red = Image.new(\"RGBA\", (128, 64), (255, 0, 0, 255))\n    # green = red.copy()\n    # green.paste(Image.new(\"RGBA\", (64, 32), (0, 255, 0, 255)))\n    # blue = red.copy()\n    # blue.paste(Image.new(\"RGBA\", (64, 32), (0, 255, 0, 255)), (64, 32))\n    #\n    # red.save(\n    #     \"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_previous_frame.png\",\n    #     save_all=True,\n    #     append_images=[green, blue],\n    #     disposal=[\n    #         PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n    #         PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS,\n    #         PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS\n    #     ],\n    # )\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_previous_frame.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (255, 0, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_apng_dispose_op_background_p_mode() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_background_p_mode.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        im.load()\n        assert im.size == (128, 64)\n\n\ndef test_apng_blend() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/blend_op_source_solid.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/blend_op_source_transparent.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/blend_op_source_near_transparent.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 2)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 2)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/blend_op_over.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/blend_op_over_near_transparent.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 97)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_apng_blend_transparency() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/blend_transparency.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (255, 0, 0)\n\n\ndef test_apng_chunk_order() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/fctl_actl.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_apng_delay() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/delay.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n        im.seek(3)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(4)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/delay_round.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/delay_short_max.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/delay_zero_denom.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/delay_zero_numer.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 0.0\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 0.0\n        im.seek(3)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(4)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n\n\ndef test_apng_num_plays() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/num_plays.png\") as im:\n        assert im.info.get(\"loop\") == 0\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/num_plays_1.png\") as im:\n        assert im.info.get(\"loop\") == 1\n\n\ndef test_apng_mode() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/mode_16bit.png\") as im:\n        assert im.mode == \"RGBA\"\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 128, 191)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 128, 191)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/mode_grayscale.png\") as im:\n        assert im.mode == \"L\"\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == 128\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == 255\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/mode_grayscale_alpha.png\") as im:\n        assert im.mode == \"LA\"\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (128, 191)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (128, 191)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/mode_palette.png\") as im:\n        assert im.mode == \"P\"\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        im = im.convert(\"RGB\")\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/mode_palette_alpha.png\") as im:\n        assert im.mode == \"P\"\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        im = im.convert(\"RGBA\")\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (255, 0, 0, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (255, 0, 0, 0)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/mode_palette_1bit_alpha.png\") as im:\n        assert im.mode == \"P\"\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        im = im.convert(\"RGBA\")\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 255, 128)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 255, 128)\n\n\ndef test_apng_chunk_errors() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/chunk_no_actl.png\") as im:\n        assert not im.is_animated\n\n    with pytest.warns(UserWarning):\n        with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/chunk_multi_actl.png\") as im:\n            im.load()\n        assert not im.is_animated\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/chunk_actl_after_idat.png\") as im:\n        assert not im.is_animated\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/chunk_no_fctl.png\") as im:\n        with pytest.raises(SyntaxError):\n            im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/chunk_repeat_fctl.png\") as im:\n        with pytest.raises(SyntaxError):\n            im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/chunk_no_fdat.png\") as im:\n        with pytest.raises(SyntaxError):\n            im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n\n\ndef test_apng_syntax_errors() -> None:\n    with pytest.warns(UserWarning):\n        with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/syntax_num_frames_zero.png\") as im:\n            assert not im.is_animated\n            with pytest.raises(OSError):\n                im.load()\n\n    with pytest.warns(UserWarning):\n        with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/syntax_num_frames_zero_default.png\") as im:\n            assert not im.is_animated\n            im.load()\n\n    # we can handle this case gracefully\n    exception = None\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/syntax_num_frames_low.png\") as im:\n        try:\n            im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        except Exception as e:\n            exception = e\n        assert exception is None\n\n    with pytest.raises(OSError):\n        with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/syntax_num_frames_high.png\") as im:\n            im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n            im.load()\n\n    with pytest.warns(UserWarning):\n        with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/syntax_num_frames_invalid.png\") as im:\n            assert not im.is_animated\n            im.load()\n\n\n@pytest.mark.parametrize(\n    \"test_file\",\n    (\n        \"sequence_start.png\",\n        \"sequence_gap.png\",\n        \"sequence_repeat.png\",\n        \"sequence_repeat_chunk.png\",\n        \"sequence_reorder.png\",\n        \"sequence_reorder_chunk.png\",\n        \"sequence_fdat_fctl.png\",\n    ),\n)\ndef test_apng_sequence_errors(test_file: str) -> None:\n    with pytest.raises(SyntaxError):\n        with Image.open(f\"Tests/images/apng/{test_file}\") as im:\n            im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n            im.load()\n\n\ndef test_apng_save(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/single_frame.png\") as im:\n        test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n        im.save(test_file, save_all=True)\n\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.load()\n        assert not im.is_animated\n        assert im.n_frames == 1\n        assert im.get_format_mimetype() == \"image/png\"\n        assert im.info.get(\"default_image\") is None\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/single_frame_default.png\") as im:\n        frames = [frame_im.copy() for frame_im in ImageSequence.Iterator(im)]\n        frames[0].save(\n            test_file, save_all=True, default_image=True, append_images=frames[1:]\n        )\n\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.load()\n        assert im.is_animated\n        assert im.n_frames == 2\n        assert im.get_format_mimetype() == \"image/apng\"\n        assert im.info.get(\"default_image\")\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_apng_save_alpha(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n\n    im = Image.new(\"RGBA\", (1, 1), (255, 0, 0, 255))\n    im2 = Image.new(\"RGBA\", (1, 1), (255, 0, 0, 127))\n    im.save(test_file, save_all=True, append_images=[im2])\n\n    with Image.open(test_file) as reloaded:\n        assert reloaded.getpixel((0, 0)) == (255, 0, 0, 255)\n\n        reloaded.seek(1)\n        assert reloaded.getpixel((0, 0)) == (255, 0, 0, 127)\n\n\ndef test_apng_save_split_fdat(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    # test to make sure we do not generate sequence errors when writing\n    # frames with image data spanning multiple fdAT chunks (in this case\n    # both the default image and first animation frame will span multiple\n    # data chunks)\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/old-style-jpeg-compression.png\") as im:\n        frames = [im.copy(), Image.new(\"RGBA\", im.size, (255, 0, 0, 255))]\n        im.save(\n            test_file,\n            save_all=True,\n            default_image=True,\n            append_images=frames,\n        )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        exception = None\n        try:\n            im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n            im.load()\n        except Exception as e:\n            exception = e\n        assert exception is None\n\n\ndef test_apng_save_duration_loop(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/delay.png\") as im:\n        frames = []\n        durations = []\n        loop = im.info.get(\"loop\")\n        default_image = im.info.get(\"default_image\")\n        for i, frame_im in enumerate(ImageSequence.Iterator(im)):\n            frames.append(frame_im.copy())\n            if i != 0 or not default_image:\n                durations.append(frame_im.info.get(\"duration\", 0))\n        frames[0].save(\n            test_file,\n            save_all=True,\n            default_image=default_image,\n            append_images=frames[1:],\n            duration=durations,\n            loop=loop,\n        )\n\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.load()\n        assert im.info.get(\"loop\") == loop\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n        im.seek(3)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(4)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n\n    # test removal of duplicated frames\n    frame = Image.new(\"RGBA\", (128, 64), (255, 0, 0, 255))\n    frame.save(\n        test_file, save_all=True, append_images=[frame, frame], duration=[500, 100, 150]\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        assert im.n_frames == 1\n        assert \"duration\" not in im.info\n\n    different_frame = Image.new(\"RGBA\", (128, 64))\n    frame.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[frame, different_frame],\n        duration=[500, 100, 150],\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        assert im.n_frames == 2\n        assert im.info[\"duration\"] == 600\n\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.info[\"duration\"] == 150\n\n    # test info duration\n    frame.info[\"duration\"] = 300\n    frame.save(test_file, save_all=True, append_images=[frame, different_frame])\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        assert im.n_frames == 2\n        assert im.info[\"duration\"] == 600\n\n\ndef test_apng_save_disposal(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n    size = (128, 64)\n    red = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (255, 0, 0, 255))\n    green = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (0, 255, 0, 255))\n    transparent = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (0, 0, 0, 0))\n\n    # test OP_NONE\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[green, transparent],\n        disposal=PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        blend=PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    # test OP_BACKGROUND\n    disposal = [\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND,\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n    ]\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[red, transparent],\n        disposal=disposal,\n        blend=PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n    disposal = [\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND,\n    ]\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[green],\n        disposal=disposal,\n        blend=PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    # test OP_PREVIOUS\n    disposal = [\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS,\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n    ]\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[green, red, transparent],\n        default_image=True,\n        disposal=disposal,\n        blend=PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(3)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    disposal = [\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS,\n    ]\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[green],\n        disposal=disposal,\n        blend=PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    # test info disposal\n    red.info[\"disposal\"] = PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[Image.new(\"RGBA\", (10, 10), (0, 255, 0, 255))],\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n\ndef test_apng_save_disposal_previous(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n    size = (128, 64)\n    blue = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (0, 0, 255, 255))\n    red = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (255, 0, 0, 255))\n    green = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (0, 255, 0, 255))\n\n    # test OP_NONE\n    blue.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[red, green],\n        disposal=PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 255, 255)\n\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_apng_save_blend(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n    size = (128, 64)\n    red = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (255, 0, 0, 255))\n    green = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (0, 255, 0, 255))\n    transparent = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (0, 0, 0, 0))\n\n    # test OP_SOURCE on solid color\n    blend = [\n        PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n        PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_SOURCE,\n    ]\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[red, green],\n        default_image=True,\n        disposal=PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        blend=blend,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    # test OP_SOURCE on transparent color\n    blend = [\n        PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n        PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_SOURCE,\n    ]\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[red, transparent],\n        default_image=True,\n        disposal=PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        blend=blend,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n    # test OP_OVER\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[green, transparent],\n        default_image=True,\n        disposal=PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        blend=PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    # test info blend\n    red.info[\"blend\"] = PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER\n    red.save(test_file, save_all=True, append_images=[green, transparent])\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_seek_after_close() -> None:\n    im = Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/delay.png\")\n    im.seek(1)\n    im.close()\n\n    with pytest.raises(ValueError):\n        im.seek(0)\n\n\n@pytest.mark.parametrize(\"mode\", (\"RGBA\", \"RGB\", \"P\"))\n@pytest.mark.parametrize(\"default_image\", (True, False))\n@pytest.mark.parametrize(\"duplicate\", (True, False))\ndef test_different_modes_in_later_frames(\n    mode: str, default_image: bool, duplicate: bool, tmp_path: Path\n) -> None:\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n\n    im = Image.new(\"L\", (1, 1))\n    im.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        default_image=default_image,\n        append_images=[im.convert(mode) if duplicate else Image.new(mode, (1, 1), 1)],\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as reloaded:\n        assert reloaded.mode == mode\n\n\ndef test_apng_repeated_seeks_give_correct_info() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/different_durations.png\") as im:\n        for i in range(3):\n            im.seek(0)\n            assert im.info[\"duration\"] == 4000\n            im.seek(1)\n            assert im.info[\"duration\"] == 1000\n",
            "new_file_content": "from __future__ import annotations\n\nfrom pathlib import Path\n\nimport pytest\n\nfrom PIL import Image, ImageSequence, PngImagePlugin\n\n\n# APNG browser support tests and fixtures via:\n# https://philip.html5.org/tests/apng/tests.html\n# (referenced from https://wiki.mozilla.org/APNG_Specification)\ndef test_apng_basic() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/single_frame.png\") as im:\n        assert not im.is_animated\n        assert im.n_frames == 1\n        assert im.get_format_mimetype() == \"image/apng\"\n        assert im.info.get(\"default_image\") is None\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/single_frame_default.png\") as im:\n        assert im.is_animated\n        assert im.n_frames == 2\n        assert im.get_format_mimetype() == \"image/apng\"\n        assert im.info.get(\"default_image\")\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (255, 0, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (255, 0, 0, 255)\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n        # test out of bounds seek\n        with pytest.raises(EOFError):\n            im.seek(2)\n\n        # test rewind support\n        im.seek(0)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (255, 0, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (255, 0, 0, 255)\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\n@pytest.mark.parametrize(\n    \"filename\",\n    (\"Tests/images/apng/split_fdat.png\", \"Tests/images/apng/split_fdat_zero_chunk.png\"),\n)\ndef test_apng_fdat(filename: str) -> None:\n    with Image.open(filename) as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_apng_dispose() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_none.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_background.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_background_final.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_previous.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_previous_final.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_previous_first.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n\ndef test_apng_dispose_region() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_none_region.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_background_before_region.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_background_region.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 255, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_previous_region.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_apng_dispose_op_previous_frame() -> None:\n    # Test that the dispose settings being used are from the previous frame\n    #\n    # Image created with:\n    # red = Image.new(\"RGBA\", (128, 64), (255, 0, 0, 255))\n    # green = red.copy()\n    # green.paste(Image.new(\"RGBA\", (64, 32), (0, 255, 0, 255)))\n    # blue = red.copy()\n    # blue.paste(Image.new(\"RGBA\", (64, 32), (0, 255, 0, 255)), (64, 32))\n    #\n    # red.save(\n    #     \"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_previous_frame.png\",\n    #     save_all=True,\n    #     append_images=[green, blue],\n    #     disposal=[\n    #         PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n    #         PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS,\n    #         PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS\n    #     ],\n    # )\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_previous_frame.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (255, 0, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_apng_dispose_op_background_p_mode() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_background_p_mode.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        im.load()\n        assert im.size == (128, 64)\n\n\ndef test_apng_blend() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/blend_op_source_solid.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/blend_op_source_transparent.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/blend_op_source_near_transparent.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 2)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 2)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/blend_op_over.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/blend_op_over_near_transparent.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 97)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_apng_blend_transparency() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/blend_transparency.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (255, 0, 0)\n\n\ndef test_apng_chunk_order() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/fctl_actl.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_apng_delay() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/delay.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n        im.seek(3)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(4)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/delay_round.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/delay_short_max.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/delay_zero_denom.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/delay_zero_numer.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 0.0\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 0.0\n        im.seek(3)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(4)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n\n\ndef test_apng_num_plays() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/num_plays.png\") as im:\n        assert im.info.get(\"loop\") == 0\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/num_plays_1.png\") as im:\n        assert im.info.get(\"loop\") == 1\n\n\ndef test_apng_mode() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/mode_16bit.png\") as im:\n        assert im.mode == \"RGBA\"\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 128, 191)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 128, 191)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/mode_grayscale.png\") as im:\n        assert im.mode == \"L\"\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == 128\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == 255\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/mode_grayscale_alpha.png\") as im:\n        assert im.mode == \"LA\"\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (128, 191)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (128, 191)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/mode_palette.png\") as im:\n        assert im.mode == \"P\"\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        im = im.convert(\"RGB\")\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/mode_palette_alpha.png\") as im:\n        assert im.mode == \"P\"\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        im = im.convert(\"RGBA\")\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (255, 0, 0, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (255, 0, 0, 0)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/mode_palette_1bit_alpha.png\") as im:\n        assert im.mode == \"P\"\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        im = im.convert(\"RGBA\")\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 255, 128)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 255, 128)\n\n\ndef test_apng_chunk_errors() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/chunk_no_actl.png\") as im:\n        assert not im.is_animated\n\n    with pytest.warns(UserWarning):\n        with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/chunk_multi_actl.png\") as im:\n            im.load()\n        assert not im.is_animated\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/chunk_actl_after_idat.png\") as im:\n        assert not im.is_animated\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/chunk_no_fctl.png\") as im:\n        with pytest.raises(SyntaxError):\n            im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/chunk_repeat_fctl.png\") as im:\n        with pytest.raises(SyntaxError):\n            im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/chunk_no_fdat.png\") as im:\n        with pytest.raises(SyntaxError):\n            im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n\n\ndef test_apng_syntax_errors() -> None:\n    with pytest.warns(UserWarning):\n        with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/syntax_num_frames_zero.png\") as im:\n            assert not im.is_animated\n            with pytest.raises(OSError):\n                im.load()\n\n    with pytest.warns(UserWarning):\n        with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/syntax_num_frames_zero_default.png\") as im:\n            assert not im.is_animated\n            im.load()\n\n    # we can handle this case gracefully\n    exception = None\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/syntax_num_frames_low.png\") as im:\n        try:\n            im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        except Exception as e:\n            exception = e\n        assert exception is None\n\n    with pytest.raises(OSError):\n        with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/syntax_num_frames_high.png\") as im:\n            im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n            im.load()\n\n    with pytest.warns(UserWarning):\n        with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/syntax_num_frames_invalid.png\") as im:\n            assert not im.is_animated\n            im.load()\n\n\n@pytest.mark.parametrize(\n    \"test_file\",\n    (\n        \"sequence_start.png\",\n        \"sequence_gap.png\",\n        \"sequence_repeat.png\",\n        \"sequence_repeat_chunk.png\",\n        \"sequence_reorder.png\",\n        \"sequence_reorder_chunk.png\",\n        \"sequence_fdat_fctl.png\",\n    ),\n)\ndef test_apng_sequence_errors(test_file: str) -> None:\n    with pytest.raises(SyntaxError):\n        with Image.open(f\"Tests/images/apng/{test_file}\") as im:\n            im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n            im.load()\n\n\ndef test_apng_save(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/single_frame.png\") as im:\n        test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n        im.save(test_file, save_all=True)\n\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.load()\n        assert not im.is_animated\n        assert im.n_frames == 1\n        assert im.get_format_mimetype() == \"image/png\"\n        assert im.info.get(\"default_image\") is None\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/single_frame_default.png\") as im:\n        frames = [frame_im.copy() for frame_im in ImageSequence.Iterator(im)]\n        frames[0].save(\n            test_file, save_all=True, default_image=True, append_images=frames[1:]\n        )\n\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.load()\n        assert im.is_animated\n        assert im.n_frames == 2\n        assert im.get_format_mimetype() == \"image/apng\"\n        assert im.info.get(\"default_image\")\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_apng_save_alpha(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n\n    im = Image.new(\"RGBA\", (1, 1), (255, 0, 0, 255))\n    im2 = Image.new(\"RGBA\", (1, 1), (255, 0, 0, 127))\n    im.save(test_file, save_all=True, append_images=[im2])\n\n    with Image.open(test_file) as reloaded:\n        assert reloaded.getpixel((0, 0)) == (255, 0, 0, 255)\n\n        reloaded.seek(1)\n        assert reloaded.getpixel((0, 0)) == (255, 0, 0, 127)\n\n\ndef test_apng_save_split_fdat(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    # test to make sure we do not generate sequence errors when writing\n    # frames with image data spanning multiple fdAT chunks (in this case\n    # both the default image and first animation frame will span multiple\n    # data chunks)\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/old-style-jpeg-compression.png\") as im:\n        frames = [im.copy(), Image.new(\"RGBA\", im.size, (255, 0, 0, 255))]\n        im.save(\n            test_file,\n            save_all=True,\n            default_image=True,\n            append_images=frames,\n        )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        exception = None\n        try:\n            im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n            im.load()\n        except Exception as e:\n            exception = e\n        assert exception is None\n\n\ndef test_apng_save_duration_loop(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/delay.png\") as im:\n        frames = []\n        durations = []\n        loop = im.info.get(\"loop\")\n        default_image = im.info.get(\"default_image\")\n        for i, frame_im in enumerate(ImageSequence.Iterator(im)):\n            frames.append(frame_im.copy())\n            if i != 0 or not default_image:\n                durations.append(frame_im.info.get(\"duration\", 0))\n        frames[0].save(\n            test_file,\n            save_all=True,\n            default_image=default_image,\n            append_images=frames[1:],\n            duration=durations,\n            loop=loop,\n        )\n\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.load()\n        assert im.info.get(\"loop\") == loop\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n        im.seek(3)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(4)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n\n    # test removal of duplicated frames\n    frame = Image.new(\"RGBA\", (128, 64), (255, 0, 0, 255))\n    frame.save(\n        test_file, save_all=True, append_images=[frame, frame], duration=[500, 100, 150]\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        assert im.n_frames == 1\n        assert \"duration\" not in im.info\n\n    different_frame = Image.new(\"RGBA\", (128, 64))\n    frame.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[frame, different_frame],\n        duration=[500, 100, 150],\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        assert im.n_frames == 2\n        assert im.info[\"duration\"] == 600\n\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.info[\"duration\"] == 150\n\n    # test info duration\n    frame.info[\"duration\"] = 300\n    frame.save(test_file, save_all=True, append_images=[frame, different_frame])\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        assert im.n_frames == 2\n        assert im.info[\"duration\"] == 600\n\n\ndef test_apng_save_disposal(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n    size = (128, 64)\n    red = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (255, 0, 0, 255))\n    green = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (0, 255, 0, 255))\n    transparent = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (0, 0, 0, 0))\n\n    # test OP_NONE\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[green, transparent],\n        disposal=PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        blend=PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    # test OP_BACKGROUND\n    disposal = [\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND,\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n    ]\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[red, transparent],\n        disposal=disposal,\n        blend=PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n    disposal = [\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND,\n    ]\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[green],\n        disposal=disposal,\n        blend=PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    # test OP_PREVIOUS\n    disposal = [\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS,\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n    ]\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[green, red, transparent],\n        default_image=True,\n        disposal=disposal,\n        blend=PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(3)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    disposal = [\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS,\n    ]\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[green],\n        disposal=disposal,\n        blend=PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    # test info disposal\n    red.info[\"disposal\"] = PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[Image.new(\"RGBA\", (10, 10), (0, 255, 0, 255))],\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n\ndef test_apng_save_disposal_previous(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n    size = (128, 64)\n    blue = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (0, 0, 255, 255))\n    red = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (255, 0, 0, 255))\n    green = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (0, 255, 0, 255))\n\n    # test OP_NONE\n    blue.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[red, green],\n        disposal=PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 255, 255)\n\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_apng_save_blend(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n    size = (128, 64)\n    red = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (255, 0, 0, 255))\n    green = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (0, 255, 0, 255))\n    transparent = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (0, 0, 0, 0))\n\n    # test OP_SOURCE on solid color\n    blend = [\n        PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n        PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_SOURCE,\n    ]\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[red, green],\n        default_image=True,\n        disposal=PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        blend=blend,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    # test OP_SOURCE on transparent color\n    blend = [\n        PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n        PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_SOURCE,\n    ]\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[red, transparent],\n        default_image=True,\n        disposal=PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        blend=blend,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n    # test OP_OVER\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[green, transparent],\n        default_image=True,\n        disposal=PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        blend=PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    # test info blend\n    red.info[\"blend\"] = PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER\n    red.save(test_file, save_all=True, append_images=[green, transparent])\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_apng_save_size(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n\n    im = Image.new(\"L\", (100, 100))\n    im.save(test_file, save_all=True, append_images=[Image.new(\"L\", (200, 200))])\n\n    with Image.open(test_file) as reloaded:\n        assert reloaded.size == (200, 200)\n\n\ndef test_seek_after_close() -> None:\n    im = Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/delay.png\")\n    im.seek(1)\n    im.close()\n\n    with pytest.raises(ValueError):\n        im.seek(0)\n\n\n@pytest.mark.parametrize(\"mode\", (\"RGBA\", \"RGB\", \"P\"))\n@pytest.mark.parametrize(\"default_image\", (True, False))\n@pytest.mark.parametrize(\"duplicate\", (True, False))\ndef test_different_modes_in_later_frames(\n    mode: str, default_image: bool, duplicate: bool, tmp_path: Path\n) -> None:\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n\n    im = Image.new(\"L\", (1, 1))\n    im.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        default_image=default_image,\n        append_images=[im.convert(mode) if duplicate else Image.new(mode, (1, 1), 1)],\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as reloaded:\n        assert reloaded.mode == mode\n\n\ndef test_apng_repeated_seeks_give_correct_info() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/different_durations.png\") as im:\n        for i in range(3):\n            im.seek(0)\n            assert im.info[\"duration\"] == 4000\n            im.seek(1)\n            assert im.info[\"duration\"] == 1000\n",
            "header": {
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            "binary_line": null,
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                "path": "a/Tests/test_file_apng.py"
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                            "start": 668,
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                            "start": 668,
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                        "section": "def test_apng_save_blend(tmp_path: Path) -> None:"
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                                "content": "        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)",
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                                "type": "context"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "",
                                "type": "context"
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                            {
                                "content": "def test_apng_save_size(tmp_path: Path) -> None:",
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                            {
                                "content": "    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")",
                                "type": "added"
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                                "type": "added"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "    im = Image.new(\"L\", (100, 100))",
                                "type": "added"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "    im.save(test_file, save_all=True, append_images=[Image.new(\"L\", (200, 200))])",
                                "type": "added"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "",
                                "type": "added"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "    with Image.open(test_file) as reloaded:",
                                "type": "added"
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                                "content": "        assert reloaded.size == (200, 200)",
                                "type": "added"
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                                "content": "",
                                "type": "added"
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                                "content": "",
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                                "content": "def test_seek_after_close() -> None:",
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                                "content": "    im = Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/delay.png\")",
                                "type": "context"
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                                "content": "    im.seek(1)",
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                            "content": "def test_apng_save_size(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n\n    im = Image.new(\"L\", (100, 100))\n    im.save(test_file, save_all=True, append_images=[Image.new(\"L\", (200, 200))])\n\n    with Image.open(test_file) as reloaded:\n        assert reloaded.size == (200, 200)",
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            "old_file_content": "#\n# The Python Imaging Library.\n# $Id$\n#\n# PNG support code\n#\n# See \"PNG (Portable Network Graphics) Specification, version 1.0;\n# W3C Recommendation\", 1996-10-01, Thomas Boutell (ed.).\n#\n# history:\n# 1996-05-06 fl   Created (couldn't resist it)\n# 1996-12-14 fl   Upgraded, added read and verify support (0.2)\n# 1996-12-15 fl   Separate PNG stream parser\n# 1996-12-29 fl   Added write support, added getchunks\n# 1996-12-30 fl   Eliminated circular references in decoder (0.3)\n# 1998-07-12 fl   Read/write 16-bit images as mode I (0.4)\n# 2001-02-08 fl   Added transparency support (from Zircon) (0.5)\n# 2001-04-16 fl   Don't close data source in \"open\" method (0.6)\n# 2004-02-24 fl   Don't even pretend to support interlaced files (0.7)\n# 2004-08-31 fl   Do basic sanity check on chunk identifiers (0.8)\n# 2004-09-20 fl   Added PngInfo chunk container\n# 2004-12-18 fl   Added DPI read support (based on code by Niki Spahiev)\n# 2008-08-13 fl   Added tRNS support for RGB images\n# 2009-03-06 fl   Support for preserving ICC profiles (by Florian Hoech)\n# 2009-03-08 fl   Added zTXT support (from Lowell Alleman)\n# 2009-03-29 fl   Read interlaced PNG files (from Conrado Porto Lopes Gouvua)\n#\n# Copyright (c) 1997-2009 by Secret Labs AB\n# Copyright (c) 1996 by Fredrik Lundh\n#\n# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.\n#\nfrom __future__ import annotations\n\nimport itertools\nimport logging\nimport re\nimport struct\nimport warnings\nimport zlib\nfrom enum import IntEnum\n\nfrom . import Image, ImageChops, ImageFile, ImagePalette, ImageSequence\nfrom ._binary import i16be as i16\nfrom ._binary import i32be as i32\nfrom ._binary import o8\nfrom ._binary import o16be as o16\nfrom ._binary import o32be as o32\n\nlogger = logging.getLogger(__name__)\n\nis_cid = re.compile(rb\"\\w\\w\\w\\w\").match\n\n\n_MAGIC = b\"\\211PNG\\r\\n\\032\\n\"\n\n\n_MODES = {\n    # supported bits/color combinations, and corresponding modes/rawmodes\n    # Grayscale\n    (1, 0): (\"1\", \"1\"),\n    (2, 0): (\"L\", \"L;2\"),\n    (4, 0): (\"L\", \"L;4\"),\n    (8, 0): (\"L\", \"L\"),\n    (16, 0): (\"I;16\", \"I;16B\"),\n    # Truecolour\n    (8, 2): (\"RGB\", \"RGB\"),\n    (16, 2): (\"RGB\", \"RGB;16B\"),\n    # Indexed-colour\n    (1, 3): (\"P\", \"P;1\"),\n    (2, 3): (\"P\", \"P;2\"),\n    (4, 3): (\"P\", \"P;4\"),\n    (8, 3): (\"P\", \"P\"),\n    # Grayscale with alpha\n    (8, 4): (\"LA\", \"LA\"),\n    (16, 4): (\"RGBA\", \"LA;16B\"),  # LA;16B->LA not yet available\n    # Truecolour with alpha\n    (8, 6): (\"RGBA\", \"RGBA\"),\n    (16, 6): (\"RGBA\", \"RGBA;16B\"),\n}\n\n\n_simple_palette = re.compile(b\"^\\xff*\\x00\\xff*$\")\n\nMAX_TEXT_CHUNK = ImageFile.SAFEBLOCK\n\"\"\"\nMaximum decompressed size for a iTXt or zTXt chunk.\nEliminates decompression bombs where compressed chunks can expand 1000x.\nSee :ref:`Text in PNG File Format<png-text>`.\n\"\"\"\nMAX_TEXT_MEMORY = 64 * MAX_TEXT_CHUNK\n\"\"\"\nSet the maximum total text chunk size.\nSee :ref:`Text in PNG File Format<png-text>`.\n\"\"\"\n\n\n# APNG frame disposal modes\nclass Disposal(IntEnum):\n    OP_NONE = 0\n    \"\"\"\n    No disposal is done on this frame before rendering the next frame.\n    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.\n    \"\"\"\n    OP_BACKGROUND = 1\n    \"\"\"\n    This frame’s modified region is cleared to fully transparent black before rendering\n    the next frame.\n    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.\n    \"\"\"\n    OP_PREVIOUS = 2\n    \"\"\"\n    This frame’s modified region is reverted to the previous frame’s contents before\n    rendering the next frame.\n    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.\n    \"\"\"\n\n\n# APNG frame blend modes\nclass Blend(IntEnum):\n    OP_SOURCE = 0\n    \"\"\"\n    All color components of this frame, including alpha, overwrite the previous output\n    image contents.\n    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.\n    \"\"\"\n    OP_OVER = 1\n    \"\"\"\n    This frame should be alpha composited with the previous output image contents.\n    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.\n    \"\"\"\n\n\ndef _safe_zlib_decompress(s):\n    dobj = zlib.decompressobj()\n    plaintext = dobj.decompress(s, MAX_TEXT_CHUNK)\n    if dobj.unconsumed_tail:\n        msg = \"Decompressed Data Too Large\"\n        raise ValueError(msg)\n    return plaintext\n\n\ndef _crc32(data, seed=0):\n    return zlib.crc32(data, seed) & 0xFFFFFFFF\n\n\n# --------------------------------------------------------------------\n# Support classes.  Suitable for PNG and related formats like MNG etc.\n\n\nclass ChunkStream:\n    def __init__(self, fp):\n        self.fp = fp\n        self.queue = []\n\n    def read(self):\n        \"\"\"Fetch a new chunk. Returns header information.\"\"\"\n        cid = None\n\n        if self.queue:\n            cid, pos, length = self.queue.pop()\n            self.fp.seek(pos)\n        else:\n            s = self.fp.read(8)\n            cid = s[4:]\n            pos = self.fp.tell()\n            length = i32(s)\n\n        if not is_cid(cid):\n            if not ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                msg = f\"broken PNG file (chunk {repr(cid)})\"\n                raise SyntaxError(msg)\n\n        return cid, pos, length\n\n    def __enter__(self):\n        return self\n\n    def __exit__(self, *args):\n        self.close()\n\n    def close(self):\n        self.queue = self.fp = None\n\n    def push(self, cid, pos, length):\n        self.queue.append((cid, pos, length))\n\n    def call(self, cid, pos, length):\n        \"\"\"Call the appropriate chunk handler\"\"\"\n\n        logger.debug(\"STREAM %r %s %s\", cid, pos, length)\n        return getattr(self, \"chunk_\" + cid.decode(\"ascii\"))(pos, length)\n\n    def crc(self, cid, data):\n        \"\"\"Read and verify checksum\"\"\"\n\n        # Skip CRC checks for ancillary chunks if allowed to load truncated\n        # images\n        # 5th byte of first char is 1 [specs, section 5.4]\n        if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES and (cid[0] >> 5 & 1):\n            self.crc_skip(cid, data)\n            return\n\n        try:\n            crc1 = _crc32(data, _crc32(cid))\n            crc2 = i32(self.fp.read(4))\n            if crc1 != crc2:\n                msg = f\"broken PNG file (bad header checksum in {repr(cid)})\"\n                raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        except struct.error as e:\n            msg = f\"broken PNG file (incomplete checksum in {repr(cid)})\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg) from e\n\n    def crc_skip(self, cid, data):\n        \"\"\"Read checksum\"\"\"\n\n        self.fp.read(4)\n\n    def verify(self, endchunk=b\"IEND\"):\n        # Simple approach; just calculate checksum for all remaining\n        # blocks.  Must be called directly after open.\n\n        cids = []\n\n        while True:\n            try:\n                cid, pos, length = self.read()\n            except struct.error as e:\n                msg = \"truncated PNG file\"\n                raise OSError(msg) from e\n\n            if cid == endchunk:\n                break\n            self.crc(cid, ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length))\n            cids.append(cid)\n\n        return cids\n\n\nclass iTXt(str):\n    \"\"\"\n    Subclass of string to allow iTXt chunks to look like strings while\n    keeping their extra information\n\n    \"\"\"\n\n    @staticmethod\n    def __new__(cls, text, lang=None, tkey=None):\n        \"\"\"\n        :param cls: the class to use when creating the instance\n        :param text: value for this key\n        :param lang: language code\n        :param tkey: UTF-8 version of the key name\n        \"\"\"\n\n        self = str.__new__(cls, text)\n        self.lang = lang\n        self.tkey = tkey\n        return self\n\n\nclass PngInfo:\n    \"\"\"\n    PNG chunk container (for use with save(pnginfo=))\n\n    \"\"\"\n\n    def __init__(self):\n        self.chunks = []\n\n    def add(self, cid, data, after_idat=False):\n        \"\"\"Appends an arbitrary chunk. Use with caution.\n\n        :param cid: a byte string, 4 bytes long.\n        :param data: a byte string of the encoded data\n        :param after_idat: for use with private chunks. Whether the chunk\n                           should be written after IDAT\n\n        \"\"\"\n\n        chunk = [cid, data]\n        if after_idat:\n            chunk.append(True)\n        self.chunks.append(tuple(chunk))\n\n    def add_itxt(self, key, value, lang=\"\", tkey=\"\", zip=False):\n        \"\"\"Appends an iTXt chunk.\n\n        :param key: latin-1 encodable text key name\n        :param value: value for this key\n        :param lang: language code\n        :param tkey: UTF-8 version of the key name\n        :param zip: compression flag\n\n        \"\"\"\n\n        if not isinstance(key, bytes):\n            key = key.encode(\"latin-1\", \"strict\")\n        if not isinstance(value, bytes):\n            value = value.encode(\"utf-8\", \"strict\")\n        if not isinstance(lang, bytes):\n            lang = lang.encode(\"utf-8\", \"strict\")\n        if not isinstance(tkey, bytes):\n            tkey = tkey.encode(\"utf-8\", \"strict\")\n\n        if zip:\n            self.add(\n                b\"iTXt\",\n                key + b\"\\0\\x01\\0\" + lang + b\"\\0\" + tkey + b\"\\0\" + zlib.compress(value),\n            )\n        else:\n            self.add(b\"iTXt\", key + b\"\\0\\0\\0\" + lang + b\"\\0\" + tkey + b\"\\0\" + value)\n\n    def add_text(self, key, value, zip=False):\n        \"\"\"Appends a text chunk.\n\n        :param key: latin-1 encodable text key name\n        :param value: value for this key, text or an\n           :py:class:`PIL.PngImagePlugin.iTXt` instance\n        :param zip: compression flag\n\n        \"\"\"\n        if isinstance(value, iTXt):\n            return self.add_itxt(key, value, value.lang, value.tkey, zip=zip)\n\n        # The tEXt chunk stores latin-1 text\n        if not isinstance(value, bytes):\n            try:\n                value = value.encode(\"latin-1\", \"strict\")\n            except UnicodeError:\n                return self.add_itxt(key, value, zip=zip)\n\n        if not isinstance(key, bytes):\n            key = key.encode(\"latin-1\", \"strict\")\n\n        if zip:\n            self.add(b\"zTXt\", key + b\"\\0\\0\" + zlib.compress(value))\n        else:\n            self.add(b\"tEXt\", key + b\"\\0\" + value)\n\n\n# --------------------------------------------------------------------\n# PNG image stream (IHDR/IEND)\n\n\nclass PngStream(ChunkStream):\n    def __init__(self, fp):\n        super().__init__(fp)\n\n        # local copies of Image attributes\n        self.im_info = {}\n        self.im_text = {}\n        self.im_size = (0, 0)\n        self.im_mode = None\n        self.im_tile = None\n        self.im_palette = None\n        self.im_custom_mimetype = None\n        self.im_n_frames = None\n        self._seq_num = None\n        self.rewind_state = None\n\n        self.text_memory = 0\n\n    def check_text_memory(self, chunklen):\n        self.text_memory += chunklen\n        if self.text_memory > MAX_TEXT_MEMORY:\n            msg = (\n                \"Too much memory used in text chunks: \"\n                f\"{self.text_memory}>MAX_TEXT_MEMORY\"\n            )\n            raise ValueError(msg)\n\n    def save_rewind(self):\n        self.rewind_state = {\n            \"info\": self.im_info.copy(),\n            \"tile\": self.im_tile,\n            \"seq_num\": self._seq_num,\n        }\n\n    def rewind(self):\n        self.im_info = self.rewind_state[\"info\"].copy()\n        self.im_tile = self.rewind_state[\"tile\"]\n        self._seq_num = self.rewind_state[\"seq_num\"]\n\n    def chunk_iCCP(self, pos, length):\n        # ICC profile\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        # according to PNG spec, the iCCP chunk contains:\n        # Profile name  1-79 bytes (character string)\n        # Null separator        1 byte (null character)\n        # Compression method    1 byte (0)\n        # Compressed profile    n bytes (zlib with deflate compression)\n        i = s.find(b\"\\0\")\n        logger.debug(\"iCCP profile name %r\", s[:i])\n        logger.debug(\"Compression method %s\", s[i])\n        comp_method = s[i]\n        if comp_method != 0:\n            msg = f\"Unknown compression method {comp_method} in iCCP chunk\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        try:\n            icc_profile = _safe_zlib_decompress(s[i + 2 :])\n        except ValueError:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                icc_profile = None\n            else:\n                raise\n        except zlib.error:\n            icc_profile = None  # FIXME\n        self.im_info[\"icc_profile\"] = icc_profile\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_IHDR(self, pos, length):\n        # image header\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        if length < 13:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                return s\n            msg = \"Truncated IHDR chunk\"\n            raise ValueError(msg)\n        self.im_size = i32(s, 0), i32(s, 4)\n        try:\n            self.im_mode, self.im_rawmode = _MODES[(s[8], s[9])]\n        except Exception:\n            pass\n        if s[12]:\n            self.im_info[\"interlace\"] = 1\n        if s[11]:\n            msg = \"unknown filter category\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_IDAT(self, pos, length):\n        # image data\n        if \"bbox\" in self.im_info:\n            tile = [(\"zip\", self.im_info[\"bbox\"], pos, self.im_rawmode)]\n        else:\n            if self.im_n_frames is not None:\n                self.im_info[\"default_image\"] = True\n            tile = [(\"zip\", (0, 0) + self.im_size, pos, self.im_rawmode)]\n        self.im_tile = tile\n        self.im_idat = length\n        msg = \"image data found\"\n        raise EOFError(msg)\n\n    def chunk_IEND(self, pos, length):\n        msg = \"end of PNG image\"\n        raise EOFError(msg)\n\n    def chunk_PLTE(self, pos, length):\n        # palette\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        if self.im_mode == \"P\":\n            self.im_palette = \"RGB\", s\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_tRNS(self, pos, length):\n        # transparency\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        if self.im_mode == \"P\":\n            if _simple_palette.match(s):\n                # tRNS contains only one full-transparent entry,\n                # other entries are full opaque\n                i = s.find(b\"\\0\")\n                if i >= 0:\n                    self.im_info[\"transparency\"] = i\n            else:\n                # otherwise, we have a byte string with one alpha value\n                # for each palette entry\n                self.im_info[\"transparency\"] = s\n        elif self.im_mode in (\"1\", \"L\", \"I;16\"):\n            self.im_info[\"transparency\"] = i16(s)\n        elif self.im_mode == \"RGB\":\n            self.im_info[\"transparency\"] = i16(s), i16(s, 2), i16(s, 4)\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_gAMA(self, pos, length):\n        # gamma setting\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        self.im_info[\"gamma\"] = i32(s) / 100000.0\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_cHRM(self, pos, length):\n        # chromaticity, 8 unsigned ints, actual value is scaled by 100,000\n        # WP x,y, Red x,y, Green x,y Blue x,y\n\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        raw_vals = struct.unpack(\">%dI\" % (len(s) // 4), s)\n        self.im_info[\"chromaticity\"] = tuple(elt / 100000.0 for elt in raw_vals)\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_sRGB(self, pos, length):\n        # srgb rendering intent, 1 byte\n        # 0 perceptual\n        # 1 relative colorimetric\n        # 2 saturation\n        # 3 absolute colorimetric\n\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        if length < 1:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                return s\n            msg = \"Truncated sRGB chunk\"\n            raise ValueError(msg)\n        self.im_info[\"srgb\"] = s[0]\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_pHYs(self, pos, length):\n        # pixels per unit\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        if length < 9:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                return s\n            msg = \"Truncated pHYs chunk\"\n            raise ValueError(msg)\n        px, py = i32(s, 0), i32(s, 4)\n        unit = s[8]\n        if unit == 1:  # meter\n            dpi = px * 0.0254, py * 0.0254\n            self.im_info[\"dpi\"] = dpi\n        elif unit == 0:\n            self.im_info[\"aspect\"] = px, py\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_tEXt(self, pos, length):\n        # text\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        try:\n            k, v = s.split(b\"\\0\", 1)\n        except ValueError:\n            # fallback for broken tEXt tags\n            k = s\n            v = b\"\"\n        if k:\n            k = k.decode(\"latin-1\", \"strict\")\n            v_str = v.decode(\"latin-1\", \"replace\")\n\n            self.im_info[k] = v if k == \"exif\" else v_str\n            self.im_text[k] = v_str\n            self.check_text_memory(len(v_str))\n\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_zTXt(self, pos, length):\n        # compressed text\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        try:\n            k, v = s.split(b\"\\0\", 1)\n        except ValueError:\n            k = s\n            v = b\"\"\n        if v:\n            comp_method = v[0]\n        else:\n            comp_method = 0\n        if comp_method != 0:\n            msg = f\"Unknown compression method {comp_method} in zTXt chunk\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        try:\n            v = _safe_zlib_decompress(v[1:])\n        except ValueError:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                v = b\"\"\n            else:\n                raise\n        except zlib.error:\n            v = b\"\"\n\n        if k:\n            k = k.decode(\"latin-1\", \"strict\")\n            v = v.decode(\"latin-1\", \"replace\")\n\n            self.im_info[k] = self.im_text[k] = v\n            self.check_text_memory(len(v))\n\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_iTXt(self, pos, length):\n        # international text\n        r = s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        try:\n            k, r = r.split(b\"\\0\", 1)\n        except ValueError:\n            return s\n        if len(r) < 2:\n            return s\n        cf, cm, r = r[0], r[1], r[2:]\n        try:\n            lang, tk, v = r.split(b\"\\0\", 2)\n        except ValueError:\n            return s\n        if cf != 0:\n            if cm == 0:\n                try:\n                    v = _safe_zlib_decompress(v)\n                except ValueError:\n                    if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                        return s\n                    else:\n                        raise\n                except zlib.error:\n                    return s\n            else:\n                return s\n        try:\n            k = k.decode(\"latin-1\", \"strict\")\n            lang = lang.decode(\"utf-8\", \"strict\")\n            tk = tk.decode(\"utf-8\", \"strict\")\n            v = v.decode(\"utf-8\", \"strict\")\n        except UnicodeError:\n            return s\n\n        self.im_info[k] = self.im_text[k] = iTXt(v, lang, tk)\n        self.check_text_memory(len(v))\n\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_eXIf(self, pos, length):\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        self.im_info[\"exif\"] = b\"Exif\\x00\\x00\" + s\n        return s\n\n    # APNG chunks\n    def chunk_acTL(self, pos, length):\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        if length < 8:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                return s\n            msg = \"APNG contains truncated acTL chunk\"\n            raise ValueError(msg)\n        if self.im_n_frames is not None:\n            self.im_n_frames = None\n            warnings.warn(\"Invalid APNG, will use default PNG image if possible\")\n            return s\n        n_frames = i32(s)\n        if n_frames == 0 or n_frames > 0x80000000:\n            warnings.warn(\"Invalid APNG, will use default PNG image if possible\")\n            return s\n        self.im_n_frames = n_frames\n        self.im_info[\"loop\"] = i32(s, 4)\n        self.im_custom_mimetype = \"image/apng\"\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_fcTL(self, pos, length):\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        if length < 26:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                return s\n            msg = \"APNG contains truncated fcTL chunk\"\n            raise ValueError(msg)\n        seq = i32(s)\n        if (self._seq_num is None and seq != 0) or (\n            self._seq_num is not None and self._seq_num != seq - 1\n        ):\n            msg = \"APNG contains frame sequence errors\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        self._seq_num = seq\n        width, height = i32(s, 4), i32(s, 8)\n        px, py = i32(s, 12), i32(s, 16)\n        im_w, im_h = self.im_size\n        if px + width > im_w or py + height > im_h:\n            msg = \"APNG contains invalid frames\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        self.im_info[\"bbox\"] = (px, py, px + width, py + height)\n        delay_num, delay_den = i16(s, 20), i16(s, 22)\n        if delay_den == 0:\n            delay_den = 100\n        self.im_info[\"duration\"] = float(delay_num) / float(delay_den) * 1000\n        self.im_info[\"disposal\"] = s[24]\n        self.im_info[\"blend\"] = s[25]\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_fdAT(self, pos, length):\n        if length < 4:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n                return s\n            msg = \"APNG contains truncated fDAT chunk\"\n            raise ValueError(msg)\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, 4)\n        seq = i32(s)\n        if self._seq_num != seq - 1:\n            msg = \"APNG contains frame sequence errors\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        self._seq_num = seq\n        return self.chunk_IDAT(pos + 4, length - 4)\n\n\n# --------------------------------------------------------------------\n# PNG reader\n\n\ndef _accept(prefix):\n    return prefix[:8] == _MAGIC\n\n\n##\n# Image plugin for PNG images.\n\n\nclass PngImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):\n    format = \"PNG\"\n    format_description = \"Portable network graphics\"\n\n    def _open(self):\n        if not _accept(self.fp.read(8)):\n            msg = \"not a PNG file\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        self._fp = self.fp\n        self.__frame = 0\n\n        #\n        # Parse headers up to the first IDAT or fDAT chunk\n\n        self.private_chunks = []\n        self.png = PngStream(self.fp)\n\n        while True:\n            #\n            # get next chunk\n\n            cid, pos, length = self.png.read()\n\n            try:\n                s = self.png.call(cid, pos, length)\n            except EOFError:\n                break\n            except AttributeError:\n                logger.debug(\"%r %s %s (unknown)\", cid, pos, length)\n                s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n                if cid[1:2].islower():\n                    self.private_chunks.append((cid, s))\n\n            self.png.crc(cid, s)\n\n        #\n        # Copy relevant attributes from the PngStream.  An alternative\n        # would be to let the PngStream class modify these attributes\n        # directly, but that introduces circular references which are\n        # difficult to break if things go wrong in the decoder...\n        # (believe me, I've tried ;-)\n\n        self._mode = self.png.im_mode\n        self._size = self.png.im_size\n        self.info = self.png.im_info\n        self._text = None\n        self.tile = self.png.im_tile\n        self.custom_mimetype = self.png.im_custom_mimetype\n        self.n_frames = self.png.im_n_frames or 1\n        self.default_image = self.info.get(\"default_image\", False)\n\n        if self.png.im_palette:\n            rawmode, data = self.png.im_palette\n            self.palette = ImagePalette.raw(rawmode, data)\n\n        if cid == b\"fdAT\":\n            self.__prepare_idat = length - 4\n        else:\n            self.__prepare_idat = length  # used by load_prepare()\n\n        if self.png.im_n_frames is not None:\n            self._close_exclusive_fp_after_loading = False\n            self.png.save_rewind()\n            self.__rewind_idat = self.__prepare_idat\n            self.__rewind = self._fp.tell()\n            if self.default_image:\n                # IDAT chunk contains default image and not first animation frame\n                self.n_frames += 1\n            self._seek(0)\n        self.is_animated = self.n_frames > 1\n\n    @property\n    def text(self):\n        # experimental\n        if self._text is None:\n            # iTxt, tEXt and zTXt chunks may appear at the end of the file\n            # So load the file to ensure that they are read\n            if self.is_animated:\n                frame = self.__frame\n                # for APNG, seek to the final frame before loading\n                self.seek(self.n_frames - 1)\n            self.load()\n            if self.is_animated:\n                self.seek(frame)\n        return self._text\n\n    def verify(self):\n        \"\"\"Verify PNG file\"\"\"\n\n        if self.fp is None:\n            msg = \"verify must be called directly after open\"\n            raise RuntimeError(msg)\n\n        # back up to beginning of IDAT block\n        self.fp.seek(self.tile[0][2] - 8)\n\n        self.png.verify()\n        self.png.close()\n\n        if self._exclusive_fp:\n            self.fp.close()\n        self.fp = None\n\n    def seek(self, frame):\n        if not self._seek_check(frame):\n            return\n        if frame < self.__frame:\n            self._seek(0, True)\n\n        last_frame = self.__frame\n        for f in range(self.__frame + 1, frame + 1):\n            try:\n                self._seek(f)\n            except EOFError as e:\n                self.seek(last_frame)\n                msg = \"no more images in APNG file\"\n                raise EOFError(msg) from e\n\n    def _seek(self, frame, rewind=False):\n        if frame == 0:\n            if rewind:\n                self._fp.seek(self.__rewind)\n                self.png.rewind()\n                self.__prepare_idat = self.__rewind_idat\n                self.im = None\n                if self.pyaccess:\n                    self.pyaccess = None\n                self.info = self.png.im_info\n                self.tile = self.png.im_tile\n                self.fp = self._fp\n            self._prev_im = None\n            self.dispose = None\n            self.default_image = self.info.get(\"default_image\", False)\n            self.dispose_op = self.info.get(\"disposal\")\n            self.blend_op = self.info.get(\"blend\")\n            self.dispose_extent = self.info.get(\"bbox\")\n            self.__frame = 0\n        else:\n            if frame != self.__frame + 1:\n                msg = f\"cannot seek to frame {frame}\"\n                raise ValueError(msg)\n\n            # ensure previous frame was loaded\n            self.load()\n\n            if self.dispose:\n                self.im.paste(self.dispose, self.dispose_extent)\n            self._prev_im = self.im.copy()\n\n            self.fp = self._fp\n\n            # advance to the next frame\n            if self.__prepare_idat:\n                ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, self.__prepare_idat)\n                self.__prepare_idat = 0\n            frame_start = False\n            while True:\n                self.fp.read(4)  # CRC\n\n                try:\n                    cid, pos, length = self.png.read()\n                except (struct.error, SyntaxError):\n                    break\n\n                if cid == b\"IEND\":\n                    msg = \"No more images in APNG file\"\n                    raise EOFError(msg)\n                if cid == b\"fcTL\":\n                    if frame_start:\n                        # there must be at least one fdAT chunk between fcTL chunks\n                        msg = \"APNG missing frame data\"\n                        raise SyntaxError(msg)\n                    frame_start = True\n\n                try:\n                    self.png.call(cid, pos, length)\n                except UnicodeDecodeError:\n                    break\n                except EOFError:\n                    if cid == b\"fdAT\":\n                        length -= 4\n                        if frame_start:\n                            self.__prepare_idat = length\n                            break\n                    ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n                except AttributeError:\n                    logger.debug(\"%r %s %s (unknown)\", cid, pos, length)\n                    ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n\n            self.__frame = frame\n            self.tile = self.png.im_tile\n            self.dispose_op = self.info.get(\"disposal\")\n            self.blend_op = self.info.get(\"blend\")\n            self.dispose_extent = self.info.get(\"bbox\")\n\n            if not self.tile:\n                msg = \"image not found in APNG frame\"\n                raise EOFError(msg)\n\n        # setup frame disposal (actual disposal done when needed in the next _seek())\n        if self._prev_im is None and self.dispose_op == Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS:\n            self.dispose_op = Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND\n\n        if self.dispose_op == Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS:\n            self.dispose = self._prev_im.copy()\n            self.dispose = self._crop(self.dispose, self.dispose_extent)\n        elif self.dispose_op == Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND:\n            self.dispose = Image.core.fill(self.mode, self.size)\n            self.dispose = self._crop(self.dispose, self.dispose_extent)\n        else:\n            self.dispose = None\n\n    def tell(self):\n        return self.__frame\n\n    def load_prepare(self):\n        \"\"\"internal: prepare to read PNG file\"\"\"\n\n        if self.info.get(\"interlace\"):\n            self.decoderconfig = self.decoderconfig + (1,)\n\n        self.__idat = self.__prepare_idat  # used by load_read()\n        ImageFile.ImageFile.load_prepare(self)\n\n    def load_read(self, read_bytes):\n        \"\"\"internal: read more image data\"\"\"\n\n        while self.__idat == 0:\n            # end of chunk, skip forward to next one\n\n            self.fp.read(4)  # CRC\n\n            cid, pos, length = self.png.read()\n\n            if cid not in [b\"IDAT\", b\"DDAT\", b\"fdAT\"]:\n                self.png.push(cid, pos, length)\n                return b\"\"\n\n            if cid == b\"fdAT\":\n                try:\n                    self.png.call(cid, pos, length)\n                except EOFError:\n                    pass\n                self.__idat = length - 4  # sequence_num has already been read\n            else:\n                self.__idat = length  # empty chunks are allowed\n\n        # read more data from this chunk\n        if read_bytes <= 0:\n            read_bytes = self.__idat\n        else:\n            read_bytes = min(read_bytes, self.__idat)\n\n        self.__idat = self.__idat - read_bytes\n\n        return self.fp.read(read_bytes)\n\n    def load_end(self):\n        \"\"\"internal: finished reading image data\"\"\"\n        if self.__idat != 0:\n            self.fp.read(self.__idat)\n        while True:\n            self.fp.read(4)  # CRC\n\n            try:\n                cid, pos, length = self.png.read()\n            except (struct.error, SyntaxError):\n                break\n\n            if cid == b\"IEND\":\n                break\n            elif cid == b\"fcTL\" and self.is_animated:\n                # start of the next frame, stop reading\n                self.__prepare_idat = 0\n                self.png.push(cid, pos, length)\n                break\n\n            try:\n                self.png.call(cid, pos, length)\n            except UnicodeDecodeError:\n                break\n            except EOFError:\n                if cid == b\"fdAT\":\n                    length -= 4\n                try:\n                    ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n                except OSError as e:\n                    if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                        break\n                    else:\n                        raise e\n            except AttributeError:\n                logger.debug(\"%r %s %s (unknown)\", cid, pos, length)\n                s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n                if cid[1:2].islower():\n                    self.private_chunks.append((cid, s, True))\n        self._text = self.png.im_text\n        if not self.is_animated:\n            self.png.close()\n            self.png = None\n        else:\n            if self._prev_im and self.blend_op == Blend.OP_OVER:\n                updated = self._crop(self.im, self.dispose_extent)\n                if self.im.mode == \"RGB\" and \"transparency\" in self.info:\n                    mask = updated.convert_transparent(\n                        \"RGBA\", self.info[\"transparency\"]\n                    )\n                else:\n                    mask = updated.convert(\"RGBA\")\n                self._prev_im.paste(updated, self.dispose_extent, mask)\n                self.im = self._prev_im\n                if self.pyaccess:\n                    self.pyaccess = None\n\n    def _getexif(self):\n        if \"exif\" not in self.info:\n            self.load()\n        if \"exif\" not in self.info and \"Raw profile type exif\" not in self.info:\n            return None\n        return self.getexif()._get_merged_dict()\n\n    def getexif(self):\n        if \"exif\" not in self.info:\n            self.load()\n\n        return super().getexif()\n\n    def getxmp(self):\n        \"\"\"\n        Returns a dictionary containing the XMP tags.\n        Requires defusedxml to be installed.\n\n        :returns: XMP tags in a dictionary.\n        \"\"\"\n        return (\n            self._getxmp(self.info[\"XML:com.adobe.xmp\"])\n            if \"XML:com.adobe.xmp\" in self.info\n            else {}\n        )\n\n\n# --------------------------------------------------------------------\n# PNG writer\n\n_OUTMODES = {\n    # supported PIL modes, and corresponding rawmodes/bits/color combinations\n    \"1\": (\"1\", b\"\\x01\\x00\"),\n    \"L;1\": (\"L;1\", b\"\\x01\\x00\"),\n    \"L;2\": (\"L;2\", b\"\\x02\\x00\"),\n    \"L;4\": (\"L;4\", b\"\\x04\\x00\"),\n    \"L\": (\"L\", b\"\\x08\\x00\"),\n    \"LA\": (\"LA\", b\"\\x08\\x04\"),\n    \"I\": (\"I;16B\", b\"\\x10\\x00\"),\n    \"I;16\": (\"I;16B\", b\"\\x10\\x00\"),\n    \"I;16B\": (\"I;16B\", b\"\\x10\\x00\"),\n    \"P;1\": (\"P;1\", b\"\\x01\\x03\"),\n    \"P;2\": (\"P;2\", b\"\\x02\\x03\"),\n    \"P;4\": (\"P;4\", b\"\\x04\\x03\"),\n    \"P\": (\"P\", b\"\\x08\\x03\"),\n    \"RGB\": (\"RGB\", b\"\\x08\\x02\"),\n    \"RGBA\": (\"RGBA\", b\"\\x08\\x06\"),\n}\n\n\ndef putchunk(fp, cid, *data):\n    \"\"\"Write a PNG chunk (including CRC field)\"\"\"\n\n    data = b\"\".join(data)\n\n    fp.write(o32(len(data)) + cid)\n    fp.write(data)\n    crc = _crc32(data, _crc32(cid))\n    fp.write(o32(crc))\n\n\nclass _idat:\n    # wrap output from the encoder in IDAT chunks\n\n    def __init__(self, fp, chunk):\n        self.fp = fp\n        self.chunk = chunk\n\n    def write(self, data):\n        self.chunk(self.fp, b\"IDAT\", data)\n\n\nclass _fdat:\n    # wrap encoder output in fdAT chunks\n\n    def __init__(self, fp, chunk, seq_num):\n        self.fp = fp\n        self.chunk = chunk\n        self.seq_num = seq_num\n\n    def write(self, data):\n        self.chunk(self.fp, b\"fdAT\", o32(self.seq_num), data)\n        self.seq_num += 1\n\n\ndef _write_multiple_frames(im, fp, chunk, rawmode, default_image, append_images):\n    duration = im.encoderinfo.get(\"duration\", im.info.get(\"duration\", 0))\n    loop = im.encoderinfo.get(\"loop\", im.info.get(\"loop\", 0))\n    disposal = im.encoderinfo.get(\"disposal\", im.info.get(\"disposal\", Disposal.OP_NONE))\n    blend = im.encoderinfo.get(\"blend\", im.info.get(\"blend\", Blend.OP_SOURCE))\n\n    if default_image:\n        chain = itertools.chain(append_images)\n    else:\n        chain = itertools.chain([im], append_images)\n\n    im_frames = []\n    frame_count = 0\n    for im_seq in chain:\n        for im_frame in ImageSequence.Iterator(im_seq):\n            if im_frame.mode == rawmode:\n                im_frame = im_frame.copy()\n            else:\n                im_frame = im_frame.convert(rawmode)\n            encoderinfo = im.encoderinfo.copy()\n            if isinstance(duration, (list, tuple)):\n                encoderinfo[\"duration\"] = duration[frame_count]\n            if isinstance(disposal, (list, tuple)):\n                encoderinfo[\"disposal\"] = disposal[frame_count]\n            if isinstance(blend, (list, tuple)):\n                encoderinfo[\"blend\"] = blend[frame_count]\n            frame_count += 1\n\n            if im_frames:\n                previous = im_frames[-1]\n                prev_disposal = previous[\"encoderinfo\"].get(\"disposal\")\n                prev_blend = previous[\"encoderinfo\"].get(\"blend\")\n                if prev_disposal == Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS and len(im_frames) < 2:\n                    prev_disposal = Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND\n\n                if prev_disposal == Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND:\n                    base_im = previous[\"im\"].copy()\n                    dispose = Image.core.fill(\"RGBA\", im.size, (0, 0, 0, 0))\n                    bbox = previous[\"bbox\"]\n                    if bbox:\n                        dispose = dispose.crop(bbox)\n                    else:\n                        bbox = (0, 0) + im.size\n                    base_im.paste(dispose, bbox)\n                elif prev_disposal == Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS:\n                    base_im = im_frames[-2][\"im\"]\n                else:\n                    base_im = previous[\"im\"]\n                delta = ImageChops.subtract_modulo(\n                    im_frame.convert(\"RGBA\"), base_im.convert(\"RGBA\")\n                )\n                bbox = delta.getbbox(alpha_only=False)\n                if (\n                    not bbox\n                    and prev_disposal == encoderinfo.get(\"disposal\")\n                    and prev_blend == encoderinfo.get(\"blend\")\n                ):\n                    previous[\"encoderinfo\"][\"duration\"] += encoderinfo.get(\n                        \"duration\", duration\n                    )\n                    continue\n            else:\n                bbox = None\n            if \"duration\" not in encoderinfo:\n                encoderinfo[\"duration\"] = duration\n            im_frames.append({\"im\": im_frame, \"bbox\": bbox, \"encoderinfo\": encoderinfo})\n\n    if len(im_frames) == 1 and not default_image:\n        return im_frames[0][\"im\"]\n\n    # animation control\n    chunk(\n        fp,\n        b\"acTL\",\n        o32(len(im_frames)),  # 0: num_frames\n        o32(loop),  # 4: num_plays\n    )\n\n    # default image IDAT (if it exists)\n    if default_image:\n        if im.mode != rawmode:\n            im = im.convert(rawmode)\n        ImageFile._save(im, _idat(fp, chunk), [(\"zip\", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, rawmode)])\n\n    seq_num = 0\n    for frame, frame_data in enumerate(im_frames):\n        im_frame = frame_data[\"im\"]\n        if not frame_data[\"bbox\"]:\n            bbox = (0, 0) + im_frame.size\n        else:\n            bbox = frame_data[\"bbox\"]\n            im_frame = im_frame.crop(bbox)\n        size = im_frame.size\n        encoderinfo = frame_data[\"encoderinfo\"]\n        frame_duration = int(round(encoderinfo[\"duration\"]))\n        frame_disposal = encoderinfo.get(\"disposal\", disposal)\n        frame_blend = encoderinfo.get(\"blend\", blend)\n        # frame control\n        chunk(\n            fp,\n            b\"fcTL\",\n            o32(seq_num),  # sequence_number\n            o32(size[0]),  # width\n            o32(size[1]),  # height\n            o32(bbox[0]),  # x_offset\n            o32(bbox[1]),  # y_offset\n            o16(frame_duration),  # delay_numerator\n            o16(1000),  # delay_denominator\n            o8(frame_disposal),  # dispose_op\n            o8(frame_blend),  # blend_op\n        )\n        seq_num += 1\n        # frame data\n        if frame == 0 and not default_image:\n            # first frame must be in IDAT chunks for backwards compatibility\n            ImageFile._save(\n                im_frame,\n                _idat(fp, chunk),\n                [(\"zip\", (0, 0) + im_frame.size, 0, rawmode)],\n            )\n        else:\n            fdat_chunks = _fdat(fp, chunk, seq_num)\n            ImageFile._save(\n                im_frame,\n                fdat_chunks,\n                [(\"zip\", (0, 0) + im_frame.size, 0, rawmode)],\n            )\n            seq_num = fdat_chunks.seq_num\n\n\ndef _save_all(im, fp, filename):\n    _save(im, fp, filename, save_all=True)\n\n\ndef _save(im, fp, filename, chunk=putchunk, save_all=False):\n    # save an image to disk (called by the save method)\n\n    if save_all:\n        default_image = im.encoderinfo.get(\n            \"default_image\", im.info.get(\"default_image\")\n        )\n        modes = set()\n        append_images = im.encoderinfo.get(\"append_images\", [])\n        for im_seq in itertools.chain([im], append_images):\n            for im_frame in ImageSequence.Iterator(im_seq):\n                modes.add(im_frame.mode)\n        for mode in (\"RGBA\", \"RGB\", \"P\"):\n            if mode in modes:\n                break\n        else:\n            mode = modes.pop()\n    else:\n        mode = im.mode\n\n    if mode == \"P\":\n        #\n        # attempt to minimize storage requirements for palette images\n        if \"bits\" in im.encoderinfo:\n            # number of bits specified by user\n            colors = min(1 << im.encoderinfo[\"bits\"], 256)\n        else:\n            # check palette contents\n            if im.palette:\n                colors = max(min(len(im.palette.getdata()[1]) // 3, 256), 1)\n            else:\n                colors = 256\n\n        if colors <= 16:\n            if colors <= 2:\n                bits = 1\n            elif colors <= 4:\n                bits = 2\n            else:\n                bits = 4\n            mode = f\"{mode};{bits}\"\n\n    # encoder options\n    im.encoderconfig = (\n        im.encoderinfo.get(\"optimize\", False),\n        im.encoderinfo.get(\"compress_level\", -1),\n        im.encoderinfo.get(\"compress_type\", -1),\n        im.encoderinfo.get(\"dictionary\", b\"\"),\n    )\n\n    # get the corresponding PNG mode\n    try:\n        rawmode, mode = _OUTMODES[mode]\n    except KeyError as e:\n        msg = f\"cannot write mode {mode} as PNG\"\n        raise OSError(msg) from e\n\n    #\n    # write minimal PNG file\n\n    fp.write(_MAGIC)\n\n    chunk(\n        fp,\n        b\"IHDR\",\n        o32(im.size[0]),  # 0: size\n        o32(im.size[1]),\n        mode,  # 8: depth/type\n        b\"\\0\",  # 10: compression\n        b\"\\0\",  # 11: filter category\n        b\"\\0\",  # 12: interlace flag\n    )\n\n    chunks = [b\"cHRM\", b\"gAMA\", b\"sBIT\", b\"sRGB\", b\"tIME\"]\n\n    icc = im.encoderinfo.get(\"icc_profile\", im.info.get(\"icc_profile\"))\n    if icc:\n        # ICC profile\n        # according to PNG spec, the iCCP chunk contains:\n        # Profile name  1-79 bytes (character string)\n        # Null separator        1 byte (null character)\n        # Compression method    1 byte (0)\n        # Compressed profile    n bytes (zlib with deflate compression)\n        name = b\"ICC Profile\"\n        data = name + b\"\\0\\0\" + zlib.compress(icc)\n        chunk(fp, b\"iCCP\", data)\n\n        # You must either have sRGB or iCCP.\n        # Disallow sRGB chunks when an iCCP-chunk has been emitted.\n        chunks.remove(b\"sRGB\")\n\n    info = im.encoderinfo.get(\"pnginfo\")\n    if info:\n        chunks_multiple_allowed = [b\"sPLT\", b\"iTXt\", b\"tEXt\", b\"zTXt\"]\n        for info_chunk in info.chunks:\n            cid, data = info_chunk[:2]\n            if cid in chunks:\n                chunks.remove(cid)\n                chunk(fp, cid, data)\n            elif cid in chunks_multiple_allowed:\n                chunk(fp, cid, data)\n            elif cid[1:2].islower():\n                # Private chunk\n                after_idat = info_chunk[2:3]\n                if not after_idat:\n                    chunk(fp, cid, data)\n\n    if im.mode == \"P\":\n        palette_byte_number = colors * 3\n        palette_bytes = im.im.getpalette(\"RGB\")[:palette_byte_number]\n        while len(palette_bytes) < palette_byte_number:\n            palette_bytes += b\"\\0\"\n        chunk(fp, b\"PLTE\", palette_bytes)\n\n    transparency = im.encoderinfo.get(\"transparency\", im.info.get(\"transparency\", None))\n\n    if transparency or transparency == 0:\n        if im.mode == \"P\":\n            # limit to actual palette size\n            alpha_bytes = colors\n            if isinstance(transparency, bytes):\n                chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", transparency[:alpha_bytes])\n            else:\n                transparency = max(0, min(255, transparency))\n                alpha = b\"\\xFF\" * transparency + b\"\\0\"\n                chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", alpha[:alpha_bytes])\n        elif im.mode in (\"1\", \"L\", \"I\", \"I;16\"):\n            transparency = max(0, min(65535, transparency))\n            chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", o16(transparency))\n        elif im.mode == \"RGB\":\n            red, green, blue = transparency\n            chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", o16(red) + o16(green) + o16(blue))\n        else:\n            if \"transparency\" in im.encoderinfo:\n                # don't bother with transparency if it's an RGBA\n                # and it's in the info dict. It's probably just stale.\n                msg = \"cannot use transparency for this mode\"\n                raise OSError(msg)\n    else:\n        if im.mode == \"P\" and im.im.getpalettemode() == \"RGBA\":\n            alpha = im.im.getpalette(\"RGBA\", \"A\")\n            alpha_bytes = colors\n            chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", alpha[:alpha_bytes])\n\n    dpi = im.encoderinfo.get(\"dpi\")\n    if dpi:\n        chunk(\n            fp,\n            b\"pHYs\",\n            o32(int(dpi[0] / 0.0254 + 0.5)),\n            o32(int(dpi[1] / 0.0254 + 0.5)),\n            b\"\\x01\",\n        )\n\n    if info:\n        chunks = [b\"bKGD\", b\"hIST\"]\n        for info_chunk in info.chunks:\n            cid, data = info_chunk[:2]\n            if cid in chunks:\n                chunks.remove(cid)\n                chunk(fp, cid, data)\n\n    exif = im.encoderinfo.get(\"exif\")\n    if exif:\n        if isinstance(exif, Image.Exif):\n            exif = exif.tobytes(8)\n        if exif.startswith(b\"Exif\\x00\\x00\"):\n            exif = exif[6:]\n        chunk(fp, b\"eXIf\", exif)\n\n    if save_all:\n        im = _write_multiple_frames(\n            im, fp, chunk, rawmode, default_image, append_images\n        )\n    if im:\n        ImageFile._save(im, _idat(fp, chunk), [(\"zip\", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, rawmode)])\n\n    if info:\n        for info_chunk in info.chunks:\n            cid, data = info_chunk[:2]\n            if cid[1:2].islower():\n                # Private chunk\n                after_idat = info_chunk[2:3]\n                if after_idat:\n                    chunk(fp, cid, data)\n\n    chunk(fp, b\"IEND\", b\"\")\n\n    if hasattr(fp, \"flush\"):\n        fp.flush()\n\n\n# --------------------------------------------------------------------\n# PNG chunk converter\n\n\ndef getchunks(im, **params):\n    \"\"\"Return a list of PNG chunks representing this image.\"\"\"\n\n    class collector:\n        data = []\n\n        def write(self, data):\n            pass\n\n        def append(self, chunk):\n            self.data.append(chunk)\n\n    def append(fp, cid, *data):\n        data = b\"\".join(data)\n        crc = o32(_crc32(data, _crc32(cid)))\n        fp.append((cid, data, crc))\n\n    fp = collector()\n\n    try:\n        im.encoderinfo = params\n        _save(im, fp, None, append)\n    finally:\n        del im.encoderinfo\n\n    return fp.data\n\n\n# --------------------------------------------------------------------\n# Registry\n\nImage.register_open(PngImageFile.format, PngImageFile, _accept)\nImage.register_save(PngImageFile.format, _save)\nImage.register_save_all(PngImageFile.format, _save_all)\n\nImage.register_extensions(PngImageFile.format, [\".png\", \".apng\"])\n\nImage.register_mime(PngImageFile.format, \"image/png\")\n",
            "new_file_content": "#\n# The Python Imaging Library.\n# $Id$\n#\n# PNG support code\n#\n# See \"PNG (Portable Network Graphics) Specification, version 1.0;\n# W3C Recommendation\", 1996-10-01, Thomas Boutell (ed.).\n#\n# history:\n# 1996-05-06 fl   Created (couldn't resist it)\n# 1996-12-14 fl   Upgraded, added read and verify support (0.2)\n# 1996-12-15 fl   Separate PNG stream parser\n# 1996-12-29 fl   Added write support, added getchunks\n# 1996-12-30 fl   Eliminated circular references in decoder (0.3)\n# 1998-07-12 fl   Read/write 16-bit images as mode I (0.4)\n# 2001-02-08 fl   Added transparency support (from Zircon) (0.5)\n# 2001-04-16 fl   Don't close data source in \"open\" method (0.6)\n# 2004-02-24 fl   Don't even pretend to support interlaced files (0.7)\n# 2004-08-31 fl   Do basic sanity check on chunk identifiers (0.8)\n# 2004-09-20 fl   Added PngInfo chunk container\n# 2004-12-18 fl   Added DPI read support (based on code by Niki Spahiev)\n# 2008-08-13 fl   Added tRNS support for RGB images\n# 2009-03-06 fl   Support for preserving ICC profiles (by Florian Hoech)\n# 2009-03-08 fl   Added zTXT support (from Lowell Alleman)\n# 2009-03-29 fl   Read interlaced PNG files (from Conrado Porto Lopes Gouvua)\n#\n# Copyright (c) 1997-2009 by Secret Labs AB\n# Copyright (c) 1996 by Fredrik Lundh\n#\n# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.\n#\nfrom __future__ import annotations\n\nimport itertools\nimport logging\nimport re\nimport struct\nimport warnings\nimport zlib\nfrom enum import IntEnum\n\nfrom . import Image, ImageChops, ImageFile, ImagePalette, ImageSequence\nfrom ._binary import i16be as i16\nfrom ._binary import i32be as i32\nfrom ._binary import o8\nfrom ._binary import o16be as o16\nfrom ._binary import o32be as o32\n\nlogger = logging.getLogger(__name__)\n\nis_cid = re.compile(rb\"\\w\\w\\w\\w\").match\n\n\n_MAGIC = b\"\\211PNG\\r\\n\\032\\n\"\n\n\n_MODES = {\n    # supported bits/color combinations, and corresponding modes/rawmodes\n    # Grayscale\n    (1, 0): (\"1\", \"1\"),\n    (2, 0): (\"L\", \"L;2\"),\n    (4, 0): (\"L\", \"L;4\"),\n    (8, 0): (\"L\", \"L\"),\n    (16, 0): (\"I;16\", \"I;16B\"),\n    # Truecolour\n    (8, 2): (\"RGB\", \"RGB\"),\n    (16, 2): (\"RGB\", \"RGB;16B\"),\n    # Indexed-colour\n    (1, 3): (\"P\", \"P;1\"),\n    (2, 3): (\"P\", \"P;2\"),\n    (4, 3): (\"P\", \"P;4\"),\n    (8, 3): (\"P\", \"P\"),\n    # Grayscale with alpha\n    (8, 4): (\"LA\", \"LA\"),\n    (16, 4): (\"RGBA\", \"LA;16B\"),  # LA;16B->LA not yet available\n    # Truecolour with alpha\n    (8, 6): (\"RGBA\", \"RGBA\"),\n    (16, 6): (\"RGBA\", \"RGBA;16B\"),\n}\n\n\n_simple_palette = re.compile(b\"^\\xff*\\x00\\xff*$\")\n\nMAX_TEXT_CHUNK = ImageFile.SAFEBLOCK\n\"\"\"\nMaximum decompressed size for a iTXt or zTXt chunk.\nEliminates decompression bombs where compressed chunks can expand 1000x.\nSee :ref:`Text in PNG File Format<png-text>`.\n\"\"\"\nMAX_TEXT_MEMORY = 64 * MAX_TEXT_CHUNK\n\"\"\"\nSet the maximum total text chunk size.\nSee :ref:`Text in PNG File Format<png-text>`.\n\"\"\"\n\n\n# APNG frame disposal modes\nclass Disposal(IntEnum):\n    OP_NONE = 0\n    \"\"\"\n    No disposal is done on this frame before rendering the next frame.\n    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.\n    \"\"\"\n    OP_BACKGROUND = 1\n    \"\"\"\n    This frame’s modified region is cleared to fully transparent black before rendering\n    the next frame.\n    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.\n    \"\"\"\n    OP_PREVIOUS = 2\n    \"\"\"\n    This frame’s modified region is reverted to the previous frame’s contents before\n    rendering the next frame.\n    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.\n    \"\"\"\n\n\n# APNG frame blend modes\nclass Blend(IntEnum):\n    OP_SOURCE = 0\n    \"\"\"\n    All color components of this frame, including alpha, overwrite the previous output\n    image contents.\n    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.\n    \"\"\"\n    OP_OVER = 1\n    \"\"\"\n    This frame should be alpha composited with the previous output image contents.\n    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.\n    \"\"\"\n\n\ndef _safe_zlib_decompress(s):\n    dobj = zlib.decompressobj()\n    plaintext = dobj.decompress(s, MAX_TEXT_CHUNK)\n    if dobj.unconsumed_tail:\n        msg = \"Decompressed Data Too Large\"\n        raise ValueError(msg)\n    return plaintext\n\n\ndef _crc32(data, seed=0):\n    return zlib.crc32(data, seed) & 0xFFFFFFFF\n\n\n# --------------------------------------------------------------------\n# Support classes.  Suitable for PNG and related formats like MNG etc.\n\n\nclass ChunkStream:\n    def __init__(self, fp):\n        self.fp = fp\n        self.queue = []\n\n    def read(self):\n        \"\"\"Fetch a new chunk. Returns header information.\"\"\"\n        cid = None\n\n        if self.queue:\n            cid, pos, length = self.queue.pop()\n            self.fp.seek(pos)\n        else:\n            s = self.fp.read(8)\n            cid = s[4:]\n            pos = self.fp.tell()\n            length = i32(s)\n\n        if not is_cid(cid):\n            if not ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                msg = f\"broken PNG file (chunk {repr(cid)})\"\n                raise SyntaxError(msg)\n\n        return cid, pos, length\n\n    def __enter__(self):\n        return self\n\n    def __exit__(self, *args):\n        self.close()\n\n    def close(self):\n        self.queue = self.fp = None\n\n    def push(self, cid, pos, length):\n        self.queue.append((cid, pos, length))\n\n    def call(self, cid, pos, length):\n        \"\"\"Call the appropriate chunk handler\"\"\"\n\n        logger.debug(\"STREAM %r %s %s\", cid, pos, length)\n        return getattr(self, \"chunk_\" + cid.decode(\"ascii\"))(pos, length)\n\n    def crc(self, cid, data):\n        \"\"\"Read and verify checksum\"\"\"\n\n        # Skip CRC checks for ancillary chunks if allowed to load truncated\n        # images\n        # 5th byte of first char is 1 [specs, section 5.4]\n        if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES and (cid[0] >> 5 & 1):\n            self.crc_skip(cid, data)\n            return\n\n        try:\n            crc1 = _crc32(data, _crc32(cid))\n            crc2 = i32(self.fp.read(4))\n            if crc1 != crc2:\n                msg = f\"broken PNG file (bad header checksum in {repr(cid)})\"\n                raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        except struct.error as e:\n            msg = f\"broken PNG file (incomplete checksum in {repr(cid)})\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg) from e\n\n    def crc_skip(self, cid, data):\n        \"\"\"Read checksum\"\"\"\n\n        self.fp.read(4)\n\n    def verify(self, endchunk=b\"IEND\"):\n        # Simple approach; just calculate checksum for all remaining\n        # blocks.  Must be called directly after open.\n\n        cids = []\n\n        while True:\n            try:\n                cid, pos, length = self.read()\n            except struct.error as e:\n                msg = \"truncated PNG file\"\n                raise OSError(msg) from e\n\n            if cid == endchunk:\n                break\n            self.crc(cid, ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length))\n            cids.append(cid)\n\n        return cids\n\n\nclass iTXt(str):\n    \"\"\"\n    Subclass of string to allow iTXt chunks to look like strings while\n    keeping their extra information\n\n    \"\"\"\n\n    @staticmethod\n    def __new__(cls, text, lang=None, tkey=None):\n        \"\"\"\n        :param cls: the class to use when creating the instance\n        :param text: value for this key\n        :param lang: language code\n        :param tkey: UTF-8 version of the key name\n        \"\"\"\n\n        self = str.__new__(cls, text)\n        self.lang = lang\n        self.tkey = tkey\n        return self\n\n\nclass PngInfo:\n    \"\"\"\n    PNG chunk container (for use with save(pnginfo=))\n\n    \"\"\"\n\n    def __init__(self):\n        self.chunks = []\n\n    def add(self, cid, data, after_idat=False):\n        \"\"\"Appends an arbitrary chunk. Use with caution.\n\n        :param cid: a byte string, 4 bytes long.\n        :param data: a byte string of the encoded data\n        :param after_idat: for use with private chunks. Whether the chunk\n                           should be written after IDAT\n\n        \"\"\"\n\n        chunk = [cid, data]\n        if after_idat:\n            chunk.append(True)\n        self.chunks.append(tuple(chunk))\n\n    def add_itxt(self, key, value, lang=\"\", tkey=\"\", zip=False):\n        \"\"\"Appends an iTXt chunk.\n\n        :param key: latin-1 encodable text key name\n        :param value: value for this key\n        :param lang: language code\n        :param tkey: UTF-8 version of the key name\n        :param zip: compression flag\n\n        \"\"\"\n\n        if not isinstance(key, bytes):\n            key = key.encode(\"latin-1\", \"strict\")\n        if not isinstance(value, bytes):\n            value = value.encode(\"utf-8\", \"strict\")\n        if not isinstance(lang, bytes):\n            lang = lang.encode(\"utf-8\", \"strict\")\n        if not isinstance(tkey, bytes):\n            tkey = tkey.encode(\"utf-8\", \"strict\")\n\n        if zip:\n            self.add(\n                b\"iTXt\",\n                key + b\"\\0\\x01\\0\" + lang + b\"\\0\" + tkey + b\"\\0\" + zlib.compress(value),\n            )\n        else:\n            self.add(b\"iTXt\", key + b\"\\0\\0\\0\" + lang + b\"\\0\" + tkey + b\"\\0\" + value)\n\n    def add_text(self, key, value, zip=False):\n        \"\"\"Appends a text chunk.\n\n        :param key: latin-1 encodable text key name\n        :param value: value for this key, text or an\n           :py:class:`PIL.PngImagePlugin.iTXt` instance\n        :param zip: compression flag\n\n        \"\"\"\n        if isinstance(value, iTXt):\n            return self.add_itxt(key, value, value.lang, value.tkey, zip=zip)\n\n        # The tEXt chunk stores latin-1 text\n        if not isinstance(value, bytes):\n            try:\n                value = value.encode(\"latin-1\", \"strict\")\n            except UnicodeError:\n                return self.add_itxt(key, value, zip=zip)\n\n        if not isinstance(key, bytes):\n            key = key.encode(\"latin-1\", \"strict\")\n\n        if zip:\n            self.add(b\"zTXt\", key + b\"\\0\\0\" + zlib.compress(value))\n        else:\n            self.add(b\"tEXt\", key + b\"\\0\" + value)\n\n\n# --------------------------------------------------------------------\n# PNG image stream (IHDR/IEND)\n\n\nclass PngStream(ChunkStream):\n    def __init__(self, fp):\n        super().__init__(fp)\n\n        # local copies of Image attributes\n        self.im_info = {}\n        self.im_text = {}\n        self.im_size = (0, 0)\n        self.im_mode = None\n        self.im_tile = None\n        self.im_palette = None\n        self.im_custom_mimetype = None\n        self.im_n_frames = None\n        self._seq_num = None\n        self.rewind_state = None\n\n        self.text_memory = 0\n\n    def check_text_memory(self, chunklen):\n        self.text_memory += chunklen\n        if self.text_memory > MAX_TEXT_MEMORY:\n            msg = (\n                \"Too much memory used in text chunks: \"\n                f\"{self.text_memory}>MAX_TEXT_MEMORY\"\n            )\n            raise ValueError(msg)\n\n    def save_rewind(self):\n        self.rewind_state = {\n            \"info\": self.im_info.copy(),\n            \"tile\": self.im_tile,\n            \"seq_num\": self._seq_num,\n        }\n\n    def rewind(self):\n        self.im_info = self.rewind_state[\"info\"].copy()\n        self.im_tile = self.rewind_state[\"tile\"]\n        self._seq_num = self.rewind_state[\"seq_num\"]\n\n    def chunk_iCCP(self, pos, length):\n        # ICC profile\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        # according to PNG spec, the iCCP chunk contains:\n        # Profile name  1-79 bytes (character string)\n        # Null separator        1 byte (null character)\n        # Compression method    1 byte (0)\n        # Compressed profile    n bytes (zlib with deflate compression)\n        i = s.find(b\"\\0\")\n        logger.debug(\"iCCP profile name %r\", s[:i])\n        logger.debug(\"Compression method %s\", s[i])\n        comp_method = s[i]\n        if comp_method != 0:\n            msg = f\"Unknown compression method {comp_method} in iCCP chunk\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        try:\n            icc_profile = _safe_zlib_decompress(s[i + 2 :])\n        except ValueError:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                icc_profile = None\n            else:\n                raise\n        except zlib.error:\n            icc_profile = None  # FIXME\n        self.im_info[\"icc_profile\"] = icc_profile\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_IHDR(self, pos, length):\n        # image header\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        if length < 13:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                return s\n            msg = \"Truncated IHDR chunk\"\n            raise ValueError(msg)\n        self.im_size = i32(s, 0), i32(s, 4)\n        try:\n            self.im_mode, self.im_rawmode = _MODES[(s[8], s[9])]\n        except Exception:\n            pass\n        if s[12]:\n            self.im_info[\"interlace\"] = 1\n        if s[11]:\n            msg = \"unknown filter category\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_IDAT(self, pos, length):\n        # image data\n        if \"bbox\" in self.im_info:\n            tile = [(\"zip\", self.im_info[\"bbox\"], pos, self.im_rawmode)]\n        else:\n            if self.im_n_frames is not None:\n                self.im_info[\"default_image\"] = True\n            tile = [(\"zip\", (0, 0) + self.im_size, pos, self.im_rawmode)]\n        self.im_tile = tile\n        self.im_idat = length\n        msg = \"image data found\"\n        raise EOFError(msg)\n\n    def chunk_IEND(self, pos, length):\n        msg = \"end of PNG image\"\n        raise EOFError(msg)\n\n    def chunk_PLTE(self, pos, length):\n        # palette\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        if self.im_mode == \"P\":\n            self.im_palette = \"RGB\", s\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_tRNS(self, pos, length):\n        # transparency\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        if self.im_mode == \"P\":\n            if _simple_palette.match(s):\n                # tRNS contains only one full-transparent entry,\n                # other entries are full opaque\n                i = s.find(b\"\\0\")\n                if i >= 0:\n                    self.im_info[\"transparency\"] = i\n            else:\n                # otherwise, we have a byte string with one alpha value\n                # for each palette entry\n                self.im_info[\"transparency\"] = s\n        elif self.im_mode in (\"1\", \"L\", \"I;16\"):\n            self.im_info[\"transparency\"] = i16(s)\n        elif self.im_mode == \"RGB\":\n            self.im_info[\"transparency\"] = i16(s), i16(s, 2), i16(s, 4)\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_gAMA(self, pos, length):\n        # gamma setting\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        self.im_info[\"gamma\"] = i32(s) / 100000.0\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_cHRM(self, pos, length):\n        # chromaticity, 8 unsigned ints, actual value is scaled by 100,000\n        # WP x,y, Red x,y, Green x,y Blue x,y\n\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        raw_vals = struct.unpack(\">%dI\" % (len(s) // 4), s)\n        self.im_info[\"chromaticity\"] = tuple(elt / 100000.0 for elt in raw_vals)\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_sRGB(self, pos, length):\n        # srgb rendering intent, 1 byte\n        # 0 perceptual\n        # 1 relative colorimetric\n        # 2 saturation\n        # 3 absolute colorimetric\n\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        if length < 1:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                return s\n            msg = \"Truncated sRGB chunk\"\n            raise ValueError(msg)\n        self.im_info[\"srgb\"] = s[0]\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_pHYs(self, pos, length):\n        # pixels per unit\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        if length < 9:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                return s\n            msg = \"Truncated pHYs chunk\"\n            raise ValueError(msg)\n        px, py = i32(s, 0), i32(s, 4)\n        unit = s[8]\n        if unit == 1:  # meter\n            dpi = px * 0.0254, py * 0.0254\n            self.im_info[\"dpi\"] = dpi\n        elif unit == 0:\n            self.im_info[\"aspect\"] = px, py\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_tEXt(self, pos, length):\n        # text\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        try:\n            k, v = s.split(b\"\\0\", 1)\n        except ValueError:\n            # fallback for broken tEXt tags\n            k = s\n            v = b\"\"\n        if k:\n            k = k.decode(\"latin-1\", \"strict\")\n            v_str = v.decode(\"latin-1\", \"replace\")\n\n            self.im_info[k] = v if k == \"exif\" else v_str\n            self.im_text[k] = v_str\n            self.check_text_memory(len(v_str))\n\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_zTXt(self, pos, length):\n        # compressed text\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        try:\n            k, v = s.split(b\"\\0\", 1)\n        except ValueError:\n            k = s\n            v = b\"\"\n        if v:\n            comp_method = v[0]\n        else:\n            comp_method = 0\n        if comp_method != 0:\n            msg = f\"Unknown compression method {comp_method} in zTXt chunk\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        try:\n            v = _safe_zlib_decompress(v[1:])\n        except ValueError:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                v = b\"\"\n            else:\n                raise\n        except zlib.error:\n            v = b\"\"\n\n        if k:\n            k = k.decode(\"latin-1\", \"strict\")\n            v = v.decode(\"latin-1\", \"replace\")\n\n            self.im_info[k] = self.im_text[k] = v\n            self.check_text_memory(len(v))\n\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_iTXt(self, pos, length):\n        # international text\n        r = s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        try:\n            k, r = r.split(b\"\\0\", 1)\n        except ValueError:\n            return s\n        if len(r) < 2:\n            return s\n        cf, cm, r = r[0], r[1], r[2:]\n        try:\n            lang, tk, v = r.split(b\"\\0\", 2)\n        except ValueError:\n            return s\n        if cf != 0:\n            if cm == 0:\n                try:\n                    v = _safe_zlib_decompress(v)\n                except ValueError:\n                    if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                        return s\n                    else:\n                        raise\n                except zlib.error:\n                    return s\n            else:\n                return s\n        try:\n            k = k.decode(\"latin-1\", \"strict\")\n            lang = lang.decode(\"utf-8\", \"strict\")\n            tk = tk.decode(\"utf-8\", \"strict\")\n            v = v.decode(\"utf-8\", \"strict\")\n        except UnicodeError:\n            return s\n\n        self.im_info[k] = self.im_text[k] = iTXt(v, lang, tk)\n        self.check_text_memory(len(v))\n\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_eXIf(self, pos, length):\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        self.im_info[\"exif\"] = b\"Exif\\x00\\x00\" + s\n        return s\n\n    # APNG chunks\n    def chunk_acTL(self, pos, length):\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        if length < 8:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                return s\n            msg = \"APNG contains truncated acTL chunk\"\n            raise ValueError(msg)\n        if self.im_n_frames is not None:\n            self.im_n_frames = None\n            warnings.warn(\"Invalid APNG, will use default PNG image if possible\")\n            return s\n        n_frames = i32(s)\n        if n_frames == 0 or n_frames > 0x80000000:\n            warnings.warn(\"Invalid APNG, will use default PNG image if possible\")\n            return s\n        self.im_n_frames = n_frames\n        self.im_info[\"loop\"] = i32(s, 4)\n        self.im_custom_mimetype = \"image/apng\"\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_fcTL(self, pos, length):\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        if length < 26:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                return s\n            msg = \"APNG contains truncated fcTL chunk\"\n            raise ValueError(msg)\n        seq = i32(s)\n        if (self._seq_num is None and seq != 0) or (\n            self._seq_num is not None and self._seq_num != seq - 1\n        ):\n            msg = \"APNG contains frame sequence errors\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        self._seq_num = seq\n        width, height = i32(s, 4), i32(s, 8)\n        px, py = i32(s, 12), i32(s, 16)\n        im_w, im_h = self.im_size\n        if px + width > im_w or py + height > im_h:\n            msg = \"APNG contains invalid frames\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        self.im_info[\"bbox\"] = (px, py, px + width, py + height)\n        delay_num, delay_den = i16(s, 20), i16(s, 22)\n        if delay_den == 0:\n            delay_den = 100\n        self.im_info[\"duration\"] = float(delay_num) / float(delay_den) * 1000\n        self.im_info[\"disposal\"] = s[24]\n        self.im_info[\"blend\"] = s[25]\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_fdAT(self, pos, length):\n        if length < 4:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n                return s\n            msg = \"APNG contains truncated fDAT chunk\"\n            raise ValueError(msg)\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, 4)\n        seq = i32(s)\n        if self._seq_num != seq - 1:\n            msg = \"APNG contains frame sequence errors\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        self._seq_num = seq\n        return self.chunk_IDAT(pos + 4, length - 4)\n\n\n# --------------------------------------------------------------------\n# PNG reader\n\n\ndef _accept(prefix):\n    return prefix[:8] == _MAGIC\n\n\n##\n# Image plugin for PNG images.\n\n\nclass PngImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):\n    format = \"PNG\"\n    format_description = \"Portable network graphics\"\n\n    def _open(self):\n        if not _accept(self.fp.read(8)):\n            msg = \"not a PNG file\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        self._fp = self.fp\n        self.__frame = 0\n\n        #\n        # Parse headers up to the first IDAT or fDAT chunk\n\n        self.private_chunks = []\n        self.png = PngStream(self.fp)\n\n        while True:\n            #\n            # get next chunk\n\n            cid, pos, length = self.png.read()\n\n            try:\n                s = self.png.call(cid, pos, length)\n            except EOFError:\n                break\n            except AttributeError:\n                logger.debug(\"%r %s %s (unknown)\", cid, pos, length)\n                s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n                if cid[1:2].islower():\n                    self.private_chunks.append((cid, s))\n\n            self.png.crc(cid, s)\n\n        #\n        # Copy relevant attributes from the PngStream.  An alternative\n        # would be to let the PngStream class modify these attributes\n        # directly, but that introduces circular references which are\n        # difficult to break if things go wrong in the decoder...\n        # (believe me, I've tried ;-)\n\n        self._mode = self.png.im_mode\n        self._size = self.png.im_size\n        self.info = self.png.im_info\n        self._text = None\n        self.tile = self.png.im_tile\n        self.custom_mimetype = self.png.im_custom_mimetype\n        self.n_frames = self.png.im_n_frames or 1\n        self.default_image = self.info.get(\"default_image\", False)\n\n        if self.png.im_palette:\n            rawmode, data = self.png.im_palette\n            self.palette = ImagePalette.raw(rawmode, data)\n\n        if cid == b\"fdAT\":\n            self.__prepare_idat = length - 4\n        else:\n            self.__prepare_idat = length  # used by load_prepare()\n\n        if self.png.im_n_frames is not None:\n            self._close_exclusive_fp_after_loading = False\n            self.png.save_rewind()\n            self.__rewind_idat = self.__prepare_idat\n            self.__rewind = self._fp.tell()\n            if self.default_image:\n                # IDAT chunk contains default image and not first animation frame\n                self.n_frames += 1\n            self._seek(0)\n        self.is_animated = self.n_frames > 1\n\n    @property\n    def text(self):\n        # experimental\n        if self._text is None:\n            # iTxt, tEXt and zTXt chunks may appear at the end of the file\n            # So load the file to ensure that they are read\n            if self.is_animated:\n                frame = self.__frame\n                # for APNG, seek to the final frame before loading\n                self.seek(self.n_frames - 1)\n            self.load()\n            if self.is_animated:\n                self.seek(frame)\n        return self._text\n\n    def verify(self):\n        \"\"\"Verify PNG file\"\"\"\n\n        if self.fp is None:\n            msg = \"verify must be called directly after open\"\n            raise RuntimeError(msg)\n\n        # back up to beginning of IDAT block\n        self.fp.seek(self.tile[0][2] - 8)\n\n        self.png.verify()\n        self.png.close()\n\n        if self._exclusive_fp:\n            self.fp.close()\n        self.fp = None\n\n    def seek(self, frame):\n        if not self._seek_check(frame):\n            return\n        if frame < self.__frame:\n            self._seek(0, True)\n\n        last_frame = self.__frame\n        for f in range(self.__frame + 1, frame + 1):\n            try:\n                self._seek(f)\n            except EOFError as e:\n                self.seek(last_frame)\n                msg = \"no more images in APNG file\"\n                raise EOFError(msg) from e\n\n    def _seek(self, frame, rewind=False):\n        if frame == 0:\n            if rewind:\n                self._fp.seek(self.__rewind)\n                self.png.rewind()\n                self.__prepare_idat = self.__rewind_idat\n                self.im = None\n                if self.pyaccess:\n                    self.pyaccess = None\n                self.info = self.png.im_info\n                self.tile = self.png.im_tile\n                self.fp = self._fp\n            self._prev_im = None\n            self.dispose = None\n            self.default_image = self.info.get(\"default_image\", False)\n            self.dispose_op = self.info.get(\"disposal\")\n            self.blend_op = self.info.get(\"blend\")\n            self.dispose_extent = self.info.get(\"bbox\")\n            self.__frame = 0\n        else:\n            if frame != self.__frame + 1:\n                msg = f\"cannot seek to frame {frame}\"\n                raise ValueError(msg)\n\n            # ensure previous frame was loaded\n            self.load()\n\n            if self.dispose:\n                self.im.paste(self.dispose, self.dispose_extent)\n            self._prev_im = self.im.copy()\n\n            self.fp = self._fp\n\n            # advance to the next frame\n            if self.__prepare_idat:\n                ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, self.__prepare_idat)\n                self.__prepare_idat = 0\n            frame_start = False\n            while True:\n                self.fp.read(4)  # CRC\n\n                try:\n                    cid, pos, length = self.png.read()\n                except (struct.error, SyntaxError):\n                    break\n\n                if cid == b\"IEND\":\n                    msg = \"No more images in APNG file\"\n                    raise EOFError(msg)\n                if cid == b\"fcTL\":\n                    if frame_start:\n                        # there must be at least one fdAT chunk between fcTL chunks\n                        msg = \"APNG missing frame data\"\n                        raise SyntaxError(msg)\n                    frame_start = True\n\n                try:\n                    self.png.call(cid, pos, length)\n                except UnicodeDecodeError:\n                    break\n                except EOFError:\n                    if cid == b\"fdAT\":\n                        length -= 4\n                        if frame_start:\n                            self.__prepare_idat = length\n                            break\n                    ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n                except AttributeError:\n                    logger.debug(\"%r %s %s (unknown)\", cid, pos, length)\n                    ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n\n            self.__frame = frame\n            self.tile = self.png.im_tile\n            self.dispose_op = self.info.get(\"disposal\")\n            self.blend_op = self.info.get(\"blend\")\n            self.dispose_extent = self.info.get(\"bbox\")\n\n            if not self.tile:\n                msg = \"image not found in APNG frame\"\n                raise EOFError(msg)\n\n        # setup frame disposal (actual disposal done when needed in the next _seek())\n        if self._prev_im is None and self.dispose_op == Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS:\n            self.dispose_op = Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND\n\n        if self.dispose_op == Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS:\n            self.dispose = self._prev_im.copy()\n            self.dispose = self._crop(self.dispose, self.dispose_extent)\n        elif self.dispose_op == Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND:\n            self.dispose = Image.core.fill(self.mode, self.size)\n            self.dispose = self._crop(self.dispose, self.dispose_extent)\n        else:\n            self.dispose = None\n\n    def tell(self):\n        return self.__frame\n\n    def load_prepare(self):\n        \"\"\"internal: prepare to read PNG file\"\"\"\n\n        if self.info.get(\"interlace\"):\n            self.decoderconfig = self.decoderconfig + (1,)\n\n        self.__idat = self.__prepare_idat  # used by load_read()\n        ImageFile.ImageFile.load_prepare(self)\n\n    def load_read(self, read_bytes):\n        \"\"\"internal: read more image data\"\"\"\n\n        while self.__idat == 0:\n            # end of chunk, skip forward to next one\n\n            self.fp.read(4)  # CRC\n\n            cid, pos, length = self.png.read()\n\n            if cid not in [b\"IDAT\", b\"DDAT\", b\"fdAT\"]:\n                self.png.push(cid, pos, length)\n                return b\"\"\n\n            if cid == b\"fdAT\":\n                try:\n                    self.png.call(cid, pos, length)\n                except EOFError:\n                    pass\n                self.__idat = length - 4  # sequence_num has already been read\n            else:\n                self.__idat = length  # empty chunks are allowed\n\n        # read more data from this chunk\n        if read_bytes <= 0:\n            read_bytes = self.__idat\n        else:\n            read_bytes = min(read_bytes, self.__idat)\n\n        self.__idat = self.__idat - read_bytes\n\n        return self.fp.read(read_bytes)\n\n    def load_end(self):\n        \"\"\"internal: finished reading image data\"\"\"\n        if self.__idat != 0:\n            self.fp.read(self.__idat)\n        while True:\n            self.fp.read(4)  # CRC\n\n            try:\n                cid, pos, length = self.png.read()\n            except (struct.error, SyntaxError):\n                break\n\n            if cid == b\"IEND\":\n                break\n            elif cid == b\"fcTL\" and self.is_animated:\n                # start of the next frame, stop reading\n                self.__prepare_idat = 0\n                self.png.push(cid, pos, length)\n                break\n\n            try:\n                self.png.call(cid, pos, length)\n            except UnicodeDecodeError:\n                break\n            except EOFError:\n                if cid == b\"fdAT\":\n                    length -= 4\n                try:\n                    ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n                except OSError as e:\n                    if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                        break\n                    else:\n                        raise e\n            except AttributeError:\n                logger.debug(\"%r %s %s (unknown)\", cid, pos, length)\n                s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n                if cid[1:2].islower():\n                    self.private_chunks.append((cid, s, True))\n        self._text = self.png.im_text\n        if not self.is_animated:\n            self.png.close()\n            self.png = None\n        else:\n            if self._prev_im and self.blend_op == Blend.OP_OVER:\n                updated = self._crop(self.im, self.dispose_extent)\n                if self.im.mode == \"RGB\" and \"transparency\" in self.info:\n                    mask = updated.convert_transparent(\n                        \"RGBA\", self.info[\"transparency\"]\n                    )\n                else:\n                    mask = updated.convert(\"RGBA\")\n                self._prev_im.paste(updated, self.dispose_extent, mask)\n                self.im = self._prev_im\n                if self.pyaccess:\n                    self.pyaccess = None\n\n    def _getexif(self):\n        if \"exif\" not in self.info:\n            self.load()\n        if \"exif\" not in self.info and \"Raw profile type exif\" not in self.info:\n            return None\n        return self.getexif()._get_merged_dict()\n\n    def getexif(self):\n        if \"exif\" not in self.info:\n            self.load()\n\n        return super().getexif()\n\n    def getxmp(self):\n        \"\"\"\n        Returns a dictionary containing the XMP tags.\n        Requires defusedxml to be installed.\n\n        :returns: XMP tags in a dictionary.\n        \"\"\"\n        return (\n            self._getxmp(self.info[\"XML:com.adobe.xmp\"])\n            if \"XML:com.adobe.xmp\" in self.info\n            else {}\n        )\n\n\n# --------------------------------------------------------------------\n# PNG writer\n\n_OUTMODES = {\n    # supported PIL modes, and corresponding rawmodes/bits/color combinations\n    \"1\": (\"1\", b\"\\x01\\x00\"),\n    \"L;1\": (\"L;1\", b\"\\x01\\x00\"),\n    \"L;2\": (\"L;2\", b\"\\x02\\x00\"),\n    \"L;4\": (\"L;4\", b\"\\x04\\x00\"),\n    \"L\": (\"L\", b\"\\x08\\x00\"),\n    \"LA\": (\"LA\", b\"\\x08\\x04\"),\n    \"I\": (\"I;16B\", b\"\\x10\\x00\"),\n    \"I;16\": (\"I;16B\", b\"\\x10\\x00\"),\n    \"I;16B\": (\"I;16B\", b\"\\x10\\x00\"),\n    \"P;1\": (\"P;1\", b\"\\x01\\x03\"),\n    \"P;2\": (\"P;2\", b\"\\x02\\x03\"),\n    \"P;4\": (\"P;4\", b\"\\x04\\x03\"),\n    \"P\": (\"P\", b\"\\x08\\x03\"),\n    \"RGB\": (\"RGB\", b\"\\x08\\x02\"),\n    \"RGBA\": (\"RGBA\", b\"\\x08\\x06\"),\n}\n\n\ndef putchunk(fp, cid, *data):\n    \"\"\"Write a PNG chunk (including CRC field)\"\"\"\n\n    data = b\"\".join(data)\n\n    fp.write(o32(len(data)) + cid)\n    fp.write(data)\n    crc = _crc32(data, _crc32(cid))\n    fp.write(o32(crc))\n\n\nclass _idat:\n    # wrap output from the encoder in IDAT chunks\n\n    def __init__(self, fp, chunk):\n        self.fp = fp\n        self.chunk = chunk\n\n    def write(self, data):\n        self.chunk(self.fp, b\"IDAT\", data)\n\n\nclass _fdat:\n    # wrap encoder output in fdAT chunks\n\n    def __init__(self, fp, chunk, seq_num):\n        self.fp = fp\n        self.chunk = chunk\n        self.seq_num = seq_num\n\n    def write(self, data):\n        self.chunk(self.fp, b\"fdAT\", o32(self.seq_num), data)\n        self.seq_num += 1\n\n\ndef _write_multiple_frames(im, fp, chunk, rawmode, default_image, append_images):\n    duration = im.encoderinfo.get(\"duration\", im.info.get(\"duration\", 0))\n    loop = im.encoderinfo.get(\"loop\", im.info.get(\"loop\", 0))\n    disposal = im.encoderinfo.get(\"disposal\", im.info.get(\"disposal\", Disposal.OP_NONE))\n    blend = im.encoderinfo.get(\"blend\", im.info.get(\"blend\", Blend.OP_SOURCE))\n\n    if default_image:\n        chain = itertools.chain(append_images)\n    else:\n        chain = itertools.chain([im], append_images)\n\n    im_frames = []\n    frame_count = 0\n    for im_seq in chain:\n        for im_frame in ImageSequence.Iterator(im_seq):\n            if im_frame.mode == rawmode:\n                im_frame = im_frame.copy()\n            else:\n                im_frame = im_frame.convert(rawmode)\n            encoderinfo = im.encoderinfo.copy()\n            if isinstance(duration, (list, tuple)):\n                encoderinfo[\"duration\"] = duration[frame_count]\n            if isinstance(disposal, (list, tuple)):\n                encoderinfo[\"disposal\"] = disposal[frame_count]\n            if isinstance(blend, (list, tuple)):\n                encoderinfo[\"blend\"] = blend[frame_count]\n            frame_count += 1\n\n            if im_frames:\n                previous = im_frames[-1]\n                prev_disposal = previous[\"encoderinfo\"].get(\"disposal\")\n                prev_blend = previous[\"encoderinfo\"].get(\"blend\")\n                if prev_disposal == Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS and len(im_frames) < 2:\n                    prev_disposal = Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND\n\n                if prev_disposal == Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND:\n                    base_im = previous[\"im\"].copy()\n                    dispose = Image.core.fill(\"RGBA\", im.size, (0, 0, 0, 0))\n                    bbox = previous[\"bbox\"]\n                    if bbox:\n                        dispose = dispose.crop(bbox)\n                    else:\n                        bbox = (0, 0) + im.size\n                    base_im.paste(dispose, bbox)\n                elif prev_disposal == Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS:\n                    base_im = im_frames[-2][\"im\"]\n                else:\n                    base_im = previous[\"im\"]\n                delta = ImageChops.subtract_modulo(\n                    im_frame.convert(\"RGBA\"), base_im.convert(\"RGBA\")\n                )\n                bbox = delta.getbbox(alpha_only=False)\n                if (\n                    not bbox\n                    and prev_disposal == encoderinfo.get(\"disposal\")\n                    and prev_blend == encoderinfo.get(\"blend\")\n                ):\n                    previous[\"encoderinfo\"][\"duration\"] += encoderinfo.get(\n                        \"duration\", duration\n                    )\n                    continue\n            else:\n                bbox = None\n            if \"duration\" not in encoderinfo:\n                encoderinfo[\"duration\"] = duration\n            im_frames.append({\"im\": im_frame, \"bbox\": bbox, \"encoderinfo\": encoderinfo})\n\n    if len(im_frames) == 1 and not default_image:\n        return im_frames[0][\"im\"]\n\n    # animation control\n    chunk(\n        fp,\n        b\"acTL\",\n        o32(len(im_frames)),  # 0: num_frames\n        o32(loop),  # 4: num_plays\n    )\n\n    # default image IDAT (if it exists)\n    if default_image:\n        if im.mode != rawmode:\n            im = im.convert(rawmode)\n        ImageFile._save(im, _idat(fp, chunk), [(\"zip\", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, rawmode)])\n\n    seq_num = 0\n    for frame, frame_data in enumerate(im_frames):\n        im_frame = frame_data[\"im\"]\n        if not frame_data[\"bbox\"]:\n            bbox = (0, 0) + im_frame.size\n        else:\n            bbox = frame_data[\"bbox\"]\n            im_frame = im_frame.crop(bbox)\n        size = im_frame.size\n        encoderinfo = frame_data[\"encoderinfo\"]\n        frame_duration = int(round(encoderinfo[\"duration\"]))\n        frame_disposal = encoderinfo.get(\"disposal\", disposal)\n        frame_blend = encoderinfo.get(\"blend\", blend)\n        # frame control\n        chunk(\n            fp,\n            b\"fcTL\",\n            o32(seq_num),  # sequence_number\n            o32(size[0]),  # width\n            o32(size[1]),  # height\n            o32(bbox[0]),  # x_offset\n            o32(bbox[1]),  # y_offset\n            o16(frame_duration),  # delay_numerator\n            o16(1000),  # delay_denominator\n            o8(frame_disposal),  # dispose_op\n            o8(frame_blend),  # blend_op\n        )\n        seq_num += 1\n        # frame data\n        if frame == 0 and not default_image:\n            # first frame must be in IDAT chunks for backwards compatibility\n            ImageFile._save(\n                im_frame,\n                _idat(fp, chunk),\n                [(\"zip\", (0, 0) + im_frame.size, 0, rawmode)],\n            )\n        else:\n            fdat_chunks = _fdat(fp, chunk, seq_num)\n            ImageFile._save(\n                im_frame,\n                fdat_chunks,\n                [(\"zip\", (0, 0) + im_frame.size, 0, rawmode)],\n            )\n            seq_num = fdat_chunks.seq_num\n\n\ndef _save_all(im, fp, filename):\n    _save(im, fp, filename, save_all=True)\n\n\ndef _save(im, fp, filename, chunk=putchunk, save_all=False):\n    # save an image to disk (called by the save method)\n\n    if save_all:\n        default_image = im.encoderinfo.get(\n            \"default_image\", im.info.get(\"default_image\")\n        )\n        modes = set()\n        sizes = set()\n        append_images = im.encoderinfo.get(\"append_images\", [])\n        for im_seq in itertools.chain([im], append_images):\n            for im_frame in ImageSequence.Iterator(im_seq):\n                modes.add(im_frame.mode)\n                sizes.add(im_frame.size)\n        for mode in (\"RGBA\", \"RGB\", \"P\"):\n            if mode in modes:\n                break\n        else:\n            mode = modes.pop()\n        size = tuple(max(frame_size[i] for frame_size in sizes) for i in range(2))\n    else:\n        size = im.size\n        mode = im.mode\n\n    if mode == \"P\":\n        #\n        # attempt to minimize storage requirements for palette images\n        if \"bits\" in im.encoderinfo:\n            # number of bits specified by user\n            colors = min(1 << im.encoderinfo[\"bits\"], 256)\n        else:\n            # check palette contents\n            if im.palette:\n                colors = max(min(len(im.palette.getdata()[1]) // 3, 256), 1)\n            else:\n                colors = 256\n\n        if colors <= 16:\n            if colors <= 2:\n                bits = 1\n            elif colors <= 4:\n                bits = 2\n            else:\n                bits = 4\n            mode = f\"{mode};{bits}\"\n\n    # encoder options\n    im.encoderconfig = (\n        im.encoderinfo.get(\"optimize\", False),\n        im.encoderinfo.get(\"compress_level\", -1),\n        im.encoderinfo.get(\"compress_type\", -1),\n        im.encoderinfo.get(\"dictionary\", b\"\"),\n    )\n\n    # get the corresponding PNG mode\n    try:\n        rawmode, mode = _OUTMODES[mode]\n    except KeyError as e:\n        msg = f\"cannot write mode {mode} as PNG\"\n        raise OSError(msg) from e\n\n    #\n    # write minimal PNG file\n\n    fp.write(_MAGIC)\n\n    chunk(\n        fp,\n        b\"IHDR\",\n        o32(size[0]),  # 0: size\n        o32(size[1]),\n        mode,  # 8: depth/type\n        b\"\\0\",  # 10: compression\n        b\"\\0\",  # 11: filter category\n        b\"\\0\",  # 12: interlace flag\n    )\n\n    chunks = [b\"cHRM\", b\"gAMA\", b\"sBIT\", b\"sRGB\", b\"tIME\"]\n\n    icc = im.encoderinfo.get(\"icc_profile\", im.info.get(\"icc_profile\"))\n    if icc:\n        # ICC profile\n        # according to PNG spec, the iCCP chunk contains:\n        # Profile name  1-79 bytes (character string)\n        # Null separator        1 byte (null character)\n        # Compression method    1 byte (0)\n        # Compressed profile    n bytes (zlib with deflate compression)\n        name = b\"ICC Profile\"\n        data = name + b\"\\0\\0\" + zlib.compress(icc)\n        chunk(fp, b\"iCCP\", data)\n\n        # You must either have sRGB or iCCP.\n        # Disallow sRGB chunks when an iCCP-chunk has been emitted.\n        chunks.remove(b\"sRGB\")\n\n    info = im.encoderinfo.get(\"pnginfo\")\n    if info:\n        chunks_multiple_allowed = [b\"sPLT\", b\"iTXt\", b\"tEXt\", b\"zTXt\"]\n        for info_chunk in info.chunks:\n            cid, data = info_chunk[:2]\n            if cid in chunks:\n                chunks.remove(cid)\n                chunk(fp, cid, data)\n            elif cid in chunks_multiple_allowed:\n                chunk(fp, cid, data)\n            elif cid[1:2].islower():\n                # Private chunk\n                after_idat = info_chunk[2:3]\n                if not after_idat:\n                    chunk(fp, cid, data)\n\n    if im.mode == \"P\":\n        palette_byte_number = colors * 3\n        palette_bytes = im.im.getpalette(\"RGB\")[:palette_byte_number]\n        while len(palette_bytes) < palette_byte_number:\n            palette_bytes += b\"\\0\"\n        chunk(fp, b\"PLTE\", palette_bytes)\n\n    transparency = im.encoderinfo.get(\"transparency\", im.info.get(\"transparency\", None))\n\n    if transparency or transparency == 0:\n        if im.mode == \"P\":\n            # limit to actual palette size\n            alpha_bytes = colors\n            if isinstance(transparency, bytes):\n                chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", transparency[:alpha_bytes])\n            else:\n                transparency = max(0, min(255, transparency))\n                alpha = b\"\\xFF\" * transparency + b\"\\0\"\n                chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", alpha[:alpha_bytes])\n        elif im.mode in (\"1\", \"L\", \"I\", \"I;16\"):\n            transparency = max(0, min(65535, transparency))\n            chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", o16(transparency))\n        elif im.mode == \"RGB\":\n            red, green, blue = transparency\n            chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", o16(red) + o16(green) + o16(blue))\n        else:\n            if \"transparency\" in im.encoderinfo:\n                # don't bother with transparency if it's an RGBA\n                # and it's in the info dict. It's probably just stale.\n                msg = \"cannot use transparency for this mode\"\n                raise OSError(msg)\n    else:\n        if im.mode == \"P\" and im.im.getpalettemode() == \"RGBA\":\n            alpha = im.im.getpalette(\"RGBA\", \"A\")\n            alpha_bytes = colors\n            chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", alpha[:alpha_bytes])\n\n    dpi = im.encoderinfo.get(\"dpi\")\n    if dpi:\n        chunk(\n            fp,\n            b\"pHYs\",\n            o32(int(dpi[0] / 0.0254 + 0.5)),\n            o32(int(dpi[1] / 0.0254 + 0.5)),\n            b\"\\x01\",\n        )\n\n    if info:\n        chunks = [b\"bKGD\", b\"hIST\"]\n        for info_chunk in info.chunks:\n            cid, data = info_chunk[:2]\n            if cid in chunks:\n                chunks.remove(cid)\n                chunk(fp, cid, data)\n\n    exif = im.encoderinfo.get(\"exif\")\n    if exif:\n        if isinstance(exif, Image.Exif):\n            exif = exif.tobytes(8)\n        if exif.startswith(b\"Exif\\x00\\x00\"):\n            exif = exif[6:]\n        chunk(fp, b\"eXIf\", exif)\n\n    if save_all:\n        im = _write_multiple_frames(\n            im, fp, chunk, rawmode, default_image, append_images\n        )\n    if im:\n        ImageFile._save(im, _idat(fp, chunk), [(\"zip\", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, rawmode)])\n\n    if info:\n        for info_chunk in info.chunks:\n            cid, data = info_chunk[:2]\n            if cid[1:2].islower():\n                # Private chunk\n                after_idat = info_chunk[2:3]\n                if after_idat:\n                    chunk(fp, cid, data)\n\n    chunk(fp, b\"IEND\", b\"\")\n\n    if hasattr(fp, \"flush\"):\n        fp.flush()\n\n\n# --------------------------------------------------------------------\n# PNG chunk converter\n\n\ndef getchunks(im, **params):\n    \"\"\"Return a list of PNG chunks representing this image.\"\"\"\n\n    class collector:\n        data = []\n\n        def write(self, data):\n            pass\n\n        def append(self, chunk):\n            self.data.append(chunk)\n\n    def append(fp, cid, *data):\n        data = b\"\".join(data)\n        crc = o32(_crc32(data, _crc32(cid)))\n        fp.append((cid, data, crc))\n\n    fp = collector()\n\n    try:\n        im.encoderinfo = params\n        _save(im, fp, None, append)\n    finally:\n        del im.encoderinfo\n\n    return fp.data\n\n\n# --------------------------------------------------------------------\n# Registry\n\nImage.register_open(PngImageFile.format, PngImageFile, _accept)\nImage.register_save(PngImageFile.format, _save)\nImage.register_save_all(PngImageFile.format, _save_all)\n\nImage.register_extensions(PngImageFile.format, [\".png\", \".apng\"])\n\nImage.register_mime(PngImageFile.format, \"image/png\")\n",
            "header": {
                "file": {
                    "path": "src/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py"
                },
                "misc_line": null
            },
            "index_line": {
                "old_commit_hash": "35f38d67c",
                "new_commit_hash": "1e5a1a464",
                "mode": "100644"
            },
            "is_binary_file": false,
            "binary_line": null,
            "minus_file": {
                "path": "a/src/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py"
            },
            "plus_file": {
                "path": "b/src/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py"
            },
            "hunks": [
                {
                    "descriptor": {
                        "old_range": {
                            "start": 1238,
                            "length": 16
                        },
                        "new_range": {
                            "start": 1238,
                            "length": 20
                        },
                        "section": "def _save(im, fp, filename, chunk=putchunk, save_all=False):"
                    },
                    "line_group": {
                        "all_lines": [
                            {
                                "content": "            \"default_image\", im.info.get(\"default_image\")",
                                "type": "context"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "        )",
                                "type": "context"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "        modes = set()",
                                "type": "context"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "        sizes = set()",
                                "type": "added"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "        append_images = im.encoderinfo.get(\"append_images\", [])",
                                "type": "context"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "        for im_seq in itertools.chain([im], append_images):",
                                "type": "context"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "            for im_frame in ImageSequence.Iterator(im_seq):",
                                "type": "context"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "                modes.add(im_frame.mode)",
                                "type": "context"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "                sizes.add(im_frame.size)",
                                "type": "added"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "        for mode in (\"RGBA\", \"RGB\", \"P\"):",
                                "type": "context"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "            if mode in modes:",
                                "type": "context"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "                break",
                                "type": "context"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "        else:",
                                "type": "context"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "            mode = modes.pop()",
                                "type": "context"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "        size = tuple(max(frame_size[i] for frame_size in sizes) for i in range(2))",
                                "type": "added"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "    else:",
                                "type": "context"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "        size = im.size",
                                "type": "added"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "        mode = im.mode",
                                "type": "context"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "",
                                "type": "context"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "    if mode == \"P\":",
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                            }
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                    },
                    "modified_entities": [
                        {
                            "file_name": "src/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py",
                            "type": "function",
                            "name": "_save",
                            "content": "def _save(im, fp, filename, chunk=putchunk, save_all=False):\n    # save an image to disk (called by the save method)\n\n    if save_all:\n        default_image = im.encoderinfo.get(\n            \"default_image\", im.info.get(\"default_image\")\n        )\n        modes = set()\n        sizes = set()\n        append_images = im.encoderinfo.get(\"append_images\", [])\n        for im_seq in itertools.chain([im], append_images):\n            for im_frame in ImageSequence.Iterator(im_seq):\n                modes.add(im_frame.mode)\n                sizes.add(im_frame.size)\n        for mode in (\"RGBA\", \"RGB\", \"P\"):\n            if mode in modes:\n                break\n        else:\n            mode = modes.pop()\n        size = tuple(max(frame_size[i] for frame_size in sizes) for i in range(2))\n    else:\n        size = im.size\n        mode = im.mode\n\n    if mode == \"P\":\n        #\n        # attempt to minimize storage requirements for palette images\n        if \"bits\" in im.encoderinfo:\n            # number of bits specified by user\n            colors = min(1 << im.encoderinfo[\"bits\"], 256)\n        else:\n            # check palette contents\n            if im.palette:\n                colors = max(min(len(im.palette.getdata()[1]) // 3, 256), 1)\n            else:\n                colors = 256\n\n        if colors <= 16:\n            if colors <= 2:\n                bits = 1\n            elif colors <= 4:\n                bits = 2\n            else:\n                bits = 4\n            mode = f\"{mode};{bits}\"\n\n    # encoder options\n    im.encoderconfig = (\n        im.encoderinfo.get(\"optimize\", False),\n        im.encoderinfo.get(\"compress_level\", -1),\n        im.encoderinfo.get(\"compress_type\", -1),\n        im.encoderinfo.get(\"dictionary\", b\"\"),\n    )\n\n    # get the corresponding PNG mode\n    try:\n        rawmode, mode = _OUTMODES[mode]\n    except KeyError as e:\n        msg = f\"cannot write mode {mode} as PNG\"\n        raise OSError(msg) from e\n\n    #\n    # write minimal PNG file\n\n    fp.write(_MAGIC)\n\n    chunk(\n        fp,\n        b\"IHDR\",\n        o32(size[0]),  # 0: size\n        o32(size[1]),\n        mode,  # 8: depth/type\n        b\"\\0\",  # 10: compression\n        b\"\\0\",  # 11: filter category\n        b\"\\0\",  # 12: interlace flag\n    )\n\n    chunks = [b\"cHRM\", b\"gAMA\", b\"sBIT\", b\"sRGB\", b\"tIME\"]\n\n    icc = im.encoderinfo.get(\"icc_profile\", im.info.get(\"icc_profile\"))\n    if icc:\n        # ICC profile\n        # according to PNG spec, the iCCP chunk contains:\n        # Profile name  1-79 bytes (character string)\n        # Null separator        1 byte (null character)\n        # Compression method    1 byte (0)\n        # Compressed profile    n bytes (zlib with deflate compression)\n        name = b\"ICC Profile\"\n        data = name + b\"\\0\\0\" + zlib.compress(icc)\n        chunk(fp, b\"iCCP\", data)\n\n        # You must either have sRGB or iCCP.\n        # Disallow sRGB chunks when an iCCP-chunk has been emitted.\n        chunks.remove(b\"sRGB\")\n\n    info = im.encoderinfo.get(\"pnginfo\")\n    if info:\n        chunks_multiple_allowed = [b\"sPLT\", b\"iTXt\", b\"tEXt\", b\"zTXt\"]\n        for info_chunk in info.chunks:\n            cid, data = info_chunk[:2]\n            if cid in chunks:\n                chunks.remove(cid)\n                chunk(fp, cid, data)\n            elif cid in chunks_multiple_allowed:\n                chunk(fp, cid, data)\n            elif cid[1:2].islower():\n                # Private chunk\n                after_idat = info_chunk[2:3]\n                if not after_idat:\n                    chunk(fp, cid, data)\n\n    if im.mode == \"P\":\n        palette_byte_number = colors * 3\n        palette_bytes = im.im.getpalette(\"RGB\")[:palette_byte_number]\n        while len(palette_bytes) < palette_byte_number:\n            palette_bytes += b\"\\0\"\n        chunk(fp, b\"PLTE\", palette_bytes)\n\n    transparency = im.encoderinfo.get(\"transparency\", im.info.get(\"transparency\", None))\n\n    if transparency or transparency == 0:\n        if im.mode == \"P\":\n            # limit to actual palette size\n            alpha_bytes = colors\n            if isinstance(transparency, bytes):\n                chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", transparency[:alpha_bytes])\n            else:\n                transparency = max(0, min(255, transparency))\n                alpha = b\"\\xFF\" * transparency + b\"\\0\"\n                chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", alpha[:alpha_bytes])\n        elif im.mode in (\"1\", \"L\", \"I\", \"I;16\"):\n            transparency = max(0, min(65535, transparency))\n            chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", o16(transparency))\n        elif im.mode == \"RGB\":\n            red, green, blue = transparency\n            chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", o16(red) + o16(green) + o16(blue))\n        else:\n            if \"transparency\" in im.encoderinfo:\n                # don't bother with transparency if it's an RGBA\n                # and it's in the info dict. It's probably just stale.\n                msg = \"cannot use transparency for this mode\"\n                raise OSError(msg)\n    else:\n        if im.mode == \"P\" and im.im.getpalettemode() == \"RGBA\":\n            alpha = im.im.getpalette(\"RGBA\", \"A\")\n            alpha_bytes = colors\n            chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", alpha[:alpha_bytes])\n\n    dpi = im.encoderinfo.get(\"dpi\")\n    if dpi:\n        chunk(\n            fp,\n            b\"pHYs\",\n            o32(int(dpi[0] / 0.0254 + 0.5)),\n            o32(int(dpi[1] / 0.0254 + 0.5)),\n            b\"\\x01\",\n        )\n\n    if info:\n        chunks = [b\"bKGD\", b\"hIST\"]\n        for info_chunk in info.chunks:\n            cid, data = info_chunk[:2]\n            if cid in chunks:\n                chunks.remove(cid)\n                chunk(fp, cid, data)\n\n    exif = im.encoderinfo.get(\"exif\")\n    if exif:\n        if isinstance(exif, Image.Exif):\n            exif = exif.tobytes(8)\n        if exif.startswith(b\"Exif\\x00\\x00\"):\n            exif = exif[6:]\n        chunk(fp, b\"eXIf\", exif)\n\n    if save_all:\n        im = _write_multiple_frames(\n            im, fp, chunk, rawmode, default_image, append_images\n        )\n    if im:\n        ImageFile._save(im, _idat(fp, chunk), [(\"zip\", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, rawmode)])\n\n    if info:\n        for info_chunk in info.chunks:\n            cid, data = info_chunk[:2]\n            if cid[1:2].islower():\n                # Private chunk\n                after_idat = info_chunk[2:3]\n                if after_idat:\n                    chunk(fp, cid, data)\n\n    chunk(fp, b\"IEND\", b\"\")\n\n    if hasattr(fp, \"flush\"):\n        fp.flush()",
                            "ast_type_str": "FunctionDef",
                            "start_lineno": 1233,
                            "end_lineno": 1426,
                            "parent": null
                        }
                    ],
                    "added_entities": [],
                    "deleted_entities": []
                },
                {
                    "descriptor": {
                        "old_range": {
                            "start": 1295,
                            "length": 8
                        },
                        "new_range": {
                            "start": 1299,
                            "length": 8
                        },
                        "section": "def _save(im, fp, filename, chunk=putchunk, save_all=False):"
                    },
                    "line_group": {
                        "all_lines": [
                            {
                                "content": "    chunk(",
                                "type": "context"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "        fp,",
                                "type": "context"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "        b\"IHDR\",",
                                "type": "context"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "        o32(im.size[0]),  # 0: size",
                                "type": "deleted"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "        o32(im.size[1]),",
                                "type": "deleted"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "        o32(size[0]),  # 0: size",
                                "type": "added"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "        o32(size[1]),",
                                "type": "added"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "        mode,  # 8: depth/type",
                                "type": "context"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "        b\"\\0\",  # 10: compression",
                                "type": "context"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "        b\"\\0\",  # 11: filter category",
                                "type": "context"
                            },
                            {
                                "content": "",
                                "type": "context"
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    "modified_entities": [
                        {
                            "file_name": "src/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py",
                            "type": "function",
                            "name": "_save",
                            "content": "def _save(im, fp, filename, chunk=putchunk, save_all=False):\n    # save an image to disk (called by the save method)\n\n    if save_all:\n        default_image = im.encoderinfo.get(\n            \"default_image\", im.info.get(\"default_image\")\n        )\n        modes = set()\n        append_images = im.encoderinfo.get(\"append_images\", [])\n        for im_seq in itertools.chain([im], append_images):\n            for im_frame in ImageSequence.Iterator(im_seq):\n                modes.add(im_frame.mode)\n        for mode in (\"RGBA\", \"RGB\", \"P\"):\n            if mode in modes:\n                break\n        else:\n            mode = modes.pop()\n    else:\n        mode = im.mode\n\n    if mode == \"P\":\n        #\n        # attempt to minimize storage requirements for palette images\n        if \"bits\" in im.encoderinfo:\n            # number of bits specified by user\n            colors = min(1 << im.encoderinfo[\"bits\"], 256)\n        else:\n            # check palette contents\n            if im.palette:\n                colors = max(min(len(im.palette.getdata()[1]) // 3, 256), 1)\n            else:\n                colors = 256\n\n        if colors <= 16:\n            if colors <= 2:\n                bits = 1\n            elif colors <= 4:\n                bits = 2\n            else:\n                bits = 4\n            mode = f\"{mode};{bits}\"\n\n    # encoder options\n    im.encoderconfig = (\n        im.encoderinfo.get(\"optimize\", False),\n        im.encoderinfo.get(\"compress_level\", -1),\n        im.encoderinfo.get(\"compress_type\", -1),\n        im.encoderinfo.get(\"dictionary\", b\"\"),\n    )\n\n    # get the corresponding PNG mode\n    try:\n        rawmode, mode = _OUTMODES[mode]\n    except KeyError as e:\n        msg = f\"cannot write mode {mode} as PNG\"\n        raise OSError(msg) from e\n\n    #\n    # write minimal PNG file\n\n    fp.write(_MAGIC)\n\n    chunk(\n        fp,\n        b\"IHDR\",\n        o32(im.size[0]),  # 0: size\n        o32(im.size[1]),\n        mode,  # 8: depth/type\n        b\"\\0\",  # 10: compression\n        b\"\\0\",  # 11: filter category\n        b\"\\0\",  # 12: interlace flag\n    )\n\n    chunks = [b\"cHRM\", b\"gAMA\", b\"sBIT\", b\"sRGB\", b\"tIME\"]\n\n    icc = im.encoderinfo.get(\"icc_profile\", im.info.get(\"icc_profile\"))\n    if icc:\n        # ICC profile\n        # according to PNG spec, the iCCP chunk contains:\n        # Profile name  1-79 bytes (character string)\n        # Null separator        1 byte (null character)\n        # Compression method    1 byte (0)\n        # Compressed profile    n bytes (zlib with deflate compression)\n        name = b\"ICC Profile\"\n        data = name + b\"\\0\\0\" + zlib.compress(icc)\n        chunk(fp, b\"iCCP\", data)\n\n        # You must either have sRGB or iCCP.\n        # Disallow sRGB chunks when an iCCP-chunk has been emitted.\n        chunks.remove(b\"sRGB\")\n\n    info = im.encoderinfo.get(\"pnginfo\")\n    if info:\n        chunks_multiple_allowed = [b\"sPLT\", b\"iTXt\", b\"tEXt\", b\"zTXt\"]\n        for info_chunk in info.chunks:\n            cid, data = info_chunk[:2]\n            if cid in chunks:\n                chunks.remove(cid)\n                chunk(fp, cid, data)\n            elif cid in chunks_multiple_allowed:\n                chunk(fp, cid, data)\n            elif cid[1:2].islower():\n                # Private chunk\n                after_idat = info_chunk[2:3]\n                if not after_idat:\n                    chunk(fp, cid, data)\n\n    if im.mode == \"P\":\n        palette_byte_number = colors * 3\n        palette_bytes = im.im.getpalette(\"RGB\")[:palette_byte_number]\n        while len(palette_bytes) < palette_byte_number:\n            palette_bytes += b\"\\0\"\n        chunk(fp, b\"PLTE\", palette_bytes)\n\n    transparency = im.encoderinfo.get(\"transparency\", im.info.get(\"transparency\", None))\n\n    if transparency or transparency == 0:\n        if im.mode == \"P\":\n            # limit to actual palette size\n            alpha_bytes = colors\n            if isinstance(transparency, bytes):\n                chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", transparency[:alpha_bytes])\n            else:\n                transparency = max(0, min(255, transparency))\n                alpha = b\"\\xFF\" * transparency + b\"\\0\"\n                chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", alpha[:alpha_bytes])\n        elif im.mode in (\"1\", \"L\", \"I\", \"I;16\"):\n            transparency = max(0, min(65535, transparency))\n            chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", o16(transparency))\n        elif im.mode == \"RGB\":\n            red, green, blue = transparency\n            chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", o16(red) + o16(green) + o16(blue))\n        else:\n            if \"transparency\" in im.encoderinfo:\n                # don't bother with transparency if it's an RGBA\n                # and it's in the info dict. It's probably just stale.\n                msg = \"cannot use transparency for this mode\"\n                raise OSError(msg)\n    else:\n        if im.mode == \"P\" and im.im.getpalettemode() == \"RGBA\":\n            alpha = im.im.getpalette(\"RGBA\", \"A\")\n            alpha_bytes = colors\n            chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", alpha[:alpha_bytes])\n\n    dpi = im.encoderinfo.get(\"dpi\")\n    if dpi:\n        chunk(\n            fp,\n            b\"pHYs\",\n            o32(int(dpi[0] / 0.0254 + 0.5)),\n            o32(int(dpi[1] / 0.0254 + 0.5)),\n            b\"\\x01\",\n        )\n\n    if info:\n        chunks = [b\"bKGD\", b\"hIST\"]\n        for info_chunk in info.chunks:\n            cid, data = info_chunk[:2]\n            if cid in chunks:\n                chunks.remove(cid)\n                chunk(fp, cid, data)\n\n    exif = im.encoderinfo.get(\"exif\")\n    if exif:\n        if isinstance(exif, Image.Exif):\n            exif = exif.tobytes(8)\n        if exif.startswith(b\"Exif\\x00\\x00\"):\n            exif = exif[6:]\n        chunk(fp, b\"eXIf\", exif)\n\n    if save_all:\n        im = _write_multiple_frames(\n            im, fp, chunk, rawmode, default_image, append_images\n        )\n    if im:\n        ImageFile._save(im, _idat(fp, chunk), [(\"zip\", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, rawmode)])\n\n    if info:\n        for info_chunk in info.chunks:\n            cid, data = info_chunk[:2]\n            if cid[1:2].islower():\n                # Private chunk\n                after_idat = info_chunk[2:3]\n                if after_idat:\n                    chunk(fp, cid, data)\n\n    chunk(fp, b\"IEND\", b\"\")\n\n    if hasattr(fp, \"flush\"):\n        fp.flush()",
                            "ast_type_str": "FunctionDef",
                            "start_lineno": 1233,
                            "end_lineno": 1422,
                            "parent": null
                        }
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                    "added_entities": [],
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        }
    ],
    "old_commit_hash": "89d8be5b9425cae692cfa2f0c55d37202c8ae48b^",
    "new_commit_hash": "89d8be5b9425cae692cfa2f0c55d37202c8ae48b",
    "commit_message": "Merge pull request #7821 from radarhere/apng",
    "commit_date": "2024-03-11T17:38:48+02:00",
    "metadata": {}
}
{
    "repo_name": "pillow",
    "new_commit_hash": "89d8be5b9425cae692cfa2f0c55d37202c8ae48b",
    "test_file_codes": [
        "from __future__ import annotations\n\nfrom pathlib import Path\n\nimport pytest\n\nfrom PIL import Image, ImageSequence, PngImagePlugin\n\n\n# APNG browser support tests and fixtures via:\n# https://philip.html5.org/tests/apng/tests.html\n# (referenced from https://wiki.mozilla.org/APNG_Specification)\ndef test_apng_basic() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/single_frame.png\") as im:\n        assert not im.is_animated\n        assert im.n_frames == 1\n        assert im.get_format_mimetype() == \"image/apng\"\n        assert im.info.get(\"default_image\") is None\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/single_frame_default.png\") as im:\n        assert im.is_animated\n        assert im.n_frames == 2\n        assert im.get_format_mimetype() == \"image/apng\"\n        assert im.info.get(\"default_image\")\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (255, 0, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (255, 0, 0, 255)\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n        # test out of bounds seek\n        with pytest.raises(EOFError):\n            im.seek(2)\n\n        # test rewind support\n        im.seek(0)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (255, 0, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (255, 0, 0, 255)\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\n@pytest.mark.parametrize(\n    \"filename\",\n    (\"Tests/images/apng/split_fdat.png\", \"Tests/images/apng/split_fdat_zero_chunk.png\"),\n)\ndef test_apng_fdat(filename: str) -> None:\n    with Image.open(filename) as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_apng_dispose() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_none.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_background.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_background_final.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_previous.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_previous_final.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_previous_first.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n\ndef test_apng_dispose_region() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_none_region.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_background_before_region.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_background_region.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 255, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_previous_region.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_apng_dispose_op_previous_frame() -> None:\n    # Test that the dispose settings being used are from the previous frame\n    #\n    # Image created with:\n    # red = Image.new(\"RGBA\", (128, 64), (255, 0, 0, 255))\n    # green = red.copy()\n    # green.paste(Image.new(\"RGBA\", (64, 32), (0, 255, 0, 255)))\n    # blue = red.copy()\n    # blue.paste(Image.new(\"RGBA\", (64, 32), (0, 255, 0, 255)), (64, 32))\n    #\n    # red.save(\n    #     \"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_previous_frame.png\",\n    #     save_all=True,\n    #     append_images=[green, blue],\n    #     disposal=[\n    #         PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n    #         PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS,\n    #         PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS\n    #     ],\n    # )\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_previous_frame.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (255, 0, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_apng_dispose_op_background_p_mode() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/dispose_op_background_p_mode.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        im.load()\n        assert im.size == (128, 64)\n\n\ndef test_apng_blend() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/blend_op_source_solid.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/blend_op_source_transparent.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/blend_op_source_near_transparent.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 2)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 2)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/blend_op_over.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/blend_op_over_near_transparent.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 97)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_apng_blend_transparency() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/blend_transparency.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (255, 0, 0)\n\n\ndef test_apng_chunk_order() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/fctl_actl.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_apng_delay() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/delay.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n        im.seek(3)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(4)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/delay_round.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/delay_short_max.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/delay_zero_denom.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/delay_zero_numer.png\") as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 0.0\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 0.0\n        im.seek(3)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(4)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n\n\ndef test_apng_num_plays() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/num_plays.png\") as im:\n        assert im.info.get(\"loop\") == 0\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/num_plays_1.png\") as im:\n        assert im.info.get(\"loop\") == 1\n\n\ndef test_apng_mode() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/mode_16bit.png\") as im:\n        assert im.mode == \"RGBA\"\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 128, 191)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 128, 191)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/mode_grayscale.png\") as im:\n        assert im.mode == \"L\"\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == 128\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == 255\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/mode_grayscale_alpha.png\") as im:\n        assert im.mode == \"LA\"\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (128, 191)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (128, 191)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/mode_palette.png\") as im:\n        assert im.mode == \"P\"\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        im = im.convert(\"RGB\")\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/mode_palette_alpha.png\") as im:\n        assert im.mode == \"P\"\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        im = im.convert(\"RGBA\")\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (255, 0, 0, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (255, 0, 0, 0)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/mode_palette_1bit_alpha.png\") as im:\n        assert im.mode == \"P\"\n        im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        im = im.convert(\"RGBA\")\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 255, 128)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 255, 128)\n\n\ndef test_apng_chunk_errors() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/chunk_no_actl.png\") as im:\n        assert not im.is_animated\n\n    with pytest.warns(UserWarning):\n        with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/chunk_multi_actl.png\") as im:\n            im.load()\n        assert not im.is_animated\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/chunk_actl_after_idat.png\") as im:\n        assert not im.is_animated\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/chunk_no_fctl.png\") as im:\n        with pytest.raises(SyntaxError):\n            im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/chunk_repeat_fctl.png\") as im:\n        with pytest.raises(SyntaxError):\n            im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/chunk_no_fdat.png\") as im:\n        with pytest.raises(SyntaxError):\n            im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n\n\ndef test_apng_syntax_errors() -> None:\n    with pytest.warns(UserWarning):\n        with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/syntax_num_frames_zero.png\") as im:\n            assert not im.is_animated\n            with pytest.raises(OSError):\n                im.load()\n\n    with pytest.warns(UserWarning):\n        with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/syntax_num_frames_zero_default.png\") as im:\n            assert not im.is_animated\n            im.load()\n\n    # we can handle this case gracefully\n    exception = None\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/syntax_num_frames_low.png\") as im:\n        try:\n            im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n        except Exception as e:\n            exception = e\n        assert exception is None\n\n    with pytest.raises(OSError):\n        with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/syntax_num_frames_high.png\") as im:\n            im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n            im.load()\n\n    with pytest.warns(UserWarning):\n        with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/syntax_num_frames_invalid.png\") as im:\n            assert not im.is_animated\n            im.load()\n\n\n@pytest.mark.parametrize(\n    \"test_file\",\n    (\n        \"sequence_start.png\",\n        \"sequence_gap.png\",\n        \"sequence_repeat.png\",\n        \"sequence_repeat_chunk.png\",\n        \"sequence_reorder.png\",\n        \"sequence_reorder_chunk.png\",\n        \"sequence_fdat_fctl.png\",\n    ),\n)\ndef test_apng_sequence_errors(test_file: str) -> None:\n    with pytest.raises(SyntaxError):\n        with Image.open(f\"Tests/images/apng/{test_file}\") as im:\n            im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n            im.load()\n\n\ndef test_apng_save(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/single_frame.png\") as im:\n        test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n        im.save(test_file, save_all=True)\n\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.load()\n        assert not im.is_animated\n        assert im.n_frames == 1\n        assert im.get_format_mimetype() == \"image/png\"\n        assert im.info.get(\"default_image\") is None\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/single_frame_default.png\") as im:\n        frames = [frame_im.copy() for frame_im in ImageSequence.Iterator(im)]\n        frames[0].save(\n            test_file, save_all=True, default_image=True, append_images=frames[1:]\n        )\n\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.load()\n        assert im.is_animated\n        assert im.n_frames == 2\n        assert im.get_format_mimetype() == \"image/apng\"\n        assert im.info.get(\"default_image\")\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_apng_save_alpha(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n\n    im = Image.new(\"RGBA\", (1, 1), (255, 0, 0, 255))\n    im2 = Image.new(\"RGBA\", (1, 1), (255, 0, 0, 127))\n    im.save(test_file, save_all=True, append_images=[im2])\n\n    with Image.open(test_file) as reloaded:\n        assert reloaded.getpixel((0, 0)) == (255, 0, 0, 255)\n\n        reloaded.seek(1)\n        assert reloaded.getpixel((0, 0)) == (255, 0, 0, 127)\n\n\ndef test_apng_save_split_fdat(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    # test to make sure we do not generate sequence errors when writing\n    # frames with image data spanning multiple fdAT chunks (in this case\n    # both the default image and first animation frame will span multiple\n    # data chunks)\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/old-style-jpeg-compression.png\") as im:\n        frames = [im.copy(), Image.new(\"RGBA\", im.size, (255, 0, 0, 255))]\n        im.save(\n            test_file,\n            save_all=True,\n            default_image=True,\n            append_images=frames,\n        )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        exception = None\n        try:\n            im.seek(im.n_frames - 1)\n            im.load()\n        except Exception as e:\n            exception = e\n        assert exception is None\n\n\ndef test_apng_save_duration_loop(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/delay.png\") as im:\n        frames = []\n        durations = []\n        loop = im.info.get(\"loop\")\n        default_image = im.info.get(\"default_image\")\n        for i, frame_im in enumerate(ImageSequence.Iterator(im)):\n            frames.append(frame_im.copy())\n            if i != 0 or not default_image:\n                durations.append(frame_im.info.get(\"duration\", 0))\n        frames[0].save(\n            test_file,\n            save_all=True,\n            default_image=default_image,\n            append_images=frames[1:],\n            duration=durations,\n            loop=loop,\n        )\n\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.load()\n        assert im.info.get(\"loop\") == loop\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n        im.seek(3)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 500.0\n        im.seek(4)\n        assert im.info.get(\"duration\") == 1000.0\n\n    # test removal of duplicated frames\n    frame = Image.new(\"RGBA\", (128, 64), (255, 0, 0, 255))\n    frame.save(\n        test_file, save_all=True, append_images=[frame, frame], duration=[500, 100, 150]\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        assert im.n_frames == 1\n        assert \"duration\" not in im.info\n\n    different_frame = Image.new(\"RGBA\", (128, 64))\n    frame.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[frame, different_frame],\n        duration=[500, 100, 150],\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        assert im.n_frames == 2\n        assert im.info[\"duration\"] == 600\n\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.info[\"duration\"] == 150\n\n    # test info duration\n    frame.info[\"duration\"] = 300\n    frame.save(test_file, save_all=True, append_images=[frame, different_frame])\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        assert im.n_frames == 2\n        assert im.info[\"duration\"] == 600\n\n\ndef test_apng_save_disposal(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n    size = (128, 64)\n    red = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (255, 0, 0, 255))\n    green = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (0, 255, 0, 255))\n    transparent = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (0, 0, 0, 0))\n\n    # test OP_NONE\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[green, transparent],\n        disposal=PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        blend=PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    # test OP_BACKGROUND\n    disposal = [\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND,\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n    ]\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[red, transparent],\n        disposal=disposal,\n        blend=PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n    disposal = [\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND,\n    ]\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[green],\n        disposal=disposal,\n        blend=PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    # test OP_PREVIOUS\n    disposal = [\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS,\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n    ]\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[green, red, transparent],\n        default_image=True,\n        disposal=disposal,\n        blend=PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(3)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    disposal = [\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS,\n    ]\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[green],\n        disposal=disposal,\n        blend=PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    # test info disposal\n    red.info[\"disposal\"] = PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[Image.new(\"RGBA\", (10, 10), (0, 255, 0, 255))],\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n\ndef test_apng_save_disposal_previous(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n    size = (128, 64)\n    blue = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (0, 0, 255, 255))\n    red = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (255, 0, 0, 255))\n    green = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (0, 255, 0, 255))\n\n    # test OP_NONE\n    blue.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[red, green],\n        disposal=PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 255, 255)\n\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_apng_save_blend(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n    size = (128, 64)\n    red = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (255, 0, 0, 255))\n    green = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (0, 255, 0, 255))\n    transparent = Image.new(\"RGBA\", size, (0, 0, 0, 0))\n\n    # test OP_SOURCE on solid color\n    blend = [\n        PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n        PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_SOURCE,\n    ]\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[red, green],\n        default_image=True,\n        disposal=PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        blend=blend,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    # test OP_SOURCE on transparent color\n    blend = [\n        PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n        PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_SOURCE,\n    ]\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[red, transparent],\n        default_image=True,\n        disposal=PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        blend=blend,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 0, 0, 0)\n\n    # test OP_OVER\n    red.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        append_images=[green, transparent],\n        default_image=True,\n        disposal=PngImagePlugin.Disposal.OP_NONE,\n        blend=PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER,\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(1)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n        assert im.getpixel((64, 32)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n    # test info blend\n    red.info[\"blend\"] = PngImagePlugin.Blend.OP_OVER\n    red.save(test_file, save_all=True, append_images=[green, transparent])\n    with Image.open(test_file) as im:\n        im.seek(2)\n        assert im.getpixel((0, 0)) == (0, 255, 0, 255)\n\n\ndef test_apng_save_size(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n\n    im = Image.new(\"L\", (100, 100))\n    im.save(test_file, save_all=True, append_images=[Image.new(\"L\", (200, 200))])\n\n    with Image.open(test_file) as reloaded:\n        assert reloaded.size == (200, 200)\n\n\ndef test_seek_after_close() -> None:\n    im = Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/delay.png\")\n    im.seek(1)\n    im.close()\n\n    with pytest.raises(ValueError):\n        im.seek(0)\n\n\n@pytest.mark.parametrize(\"mode\", (\"RGBA\", \"RGB\", \"P\"))\n@pytest.mark.parametrize(\"default_image\", (True, False))\n@pytest.mark.parametrize(\"duplicate\", (True, False))\ndef test_different_modes_in_later_frames(\n    mode: str, default_image: bool, duplicate: bool, tmp_path: Path\n) -> None:\n    test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n\n    im = Image.new(\"L\", (1, 1))\n    im.save(\n        test_file,\n        save_all=True,\n        default_image=default_image,\n        append_images=[im.convert(mode) if duplicate else Image.new(mode, (1, 1), 1)],\n    )\n    with Image.open(test_file) as reloaded:\n        assert reloaded.mode == mode\n\n\ndef test_apng_repeated_seeks_give_correct_info() -> None:\n    with Image.open(\"Tests/images/apng/different_durations.png\") as im:\n        for i in range(3):\n            im.seek(0)\n            assert im.info[\"duration\"] == 4000\n            im.seek(1)\n            assert im.info[\"duration\"] == 1000\n"
    ],
    "test_file_names": [
        "test_1.py"
    ],
    "setup_res_code": 0,
    "setup_res_stdout": "Starting Pillow installation attempts...\nVerifying Pillow installation...\n✅ Pillow installation successful!\nSuccessfully installed Pillow\n",
    "setup_res_stderr": "warning: `VIRTUAL_ENV=/home/gcpuser/r2e-edits-internal/.venv` does not match the project environment path `.venv` and will be ignored\nUsing CPython 3.9.21\nCreating virtual environment at: .venv\nActivate with: source .venv/bin/activate\nResolved 12 packages in 14ms\nInstalled 12 packages in 371ms\n + coverage==7.6.10\n + exceptiongroup==1.2.2\n + iniconfig==2.0.0\n + packaging==24.2\n + pluggy==1.5.0\n + pyqt5==5.15.11\n + pyqt5-qt5==5.15.16\n + pyqt5-sip==12.16.1\n + pytest==8.3.4\n + pytest-cov==6.0.0\n + setuptools==75.8.0\n + tomli==2.2.1\nResolved 1 package in 1.37s\nPrepared 1 package in 34.00s\nInstalled 1 package in 0.89ms\n + pillow==10.3.0.dev0 (from file:///home/gcpuser/buckets/local_repoeval_bucket/repos/pillow_89d8be5b9425cae692cfa2f0c55d37202c8ae48b)\n",
    "new_commit_res_code": 0,
    "new_commit_res_stdout": "\u001b[1m============================= test session starts ==============================\u001b[0m\nplatform linux -- Python 3.9.21, pytest-8.3.4, pluggy-1.5.0\nrootdir: /home/gcpuser/buckets/local_repoeval_bucket/repos/pillow_89d8be5b9425cae692cfa2f0c55d37202c8ae48b\nconfigfile: pyproject.toml\nplugins: cov-6.0.0\ncollected 44 items\n\nr2e_tests/test_1.py 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    "new_commit_res_stderr": "",
    "old_commit_res_code": 1,
    "old_commit_res_stdout": "\u001b[1m============================= test session starts ==============================\u001b[0m\nplatform linux -- Python 3.9.21, pytest-8.3.4, pluggy-1.5.0\nrootdir: /home/gcpuser/buckets/local_repoeval_bucket/repos/pillow_89d8be5b9425cae692cfa2f0c55d37202c8ae48b\nconfigfile: pyproject.toml\nplugins: cov-6.0.0\ncollected 44 items\n\nr2e_tests/test_1.py 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===================================\n\u001b[31m\u001b[1m_____________________________ test_apng_save_size ______________________________\u001b[0m\n\ntmp_path = PosixPath('/tmp/pytest-of-gcpuser/pytest-411/test_apng_save_size0')\n\n    def test_apng_save_size(tmp_path: Path) -> None:\n        test_file = str(tmp_path / \"temp.png\")\n    \n        im = Image.new(\"L\", (100, 100))\n        im.save(test_file, save_all=True, append_images=[Image.new(\"L\", (200, 200))])\n    \n        with Image.open(test_file) as reloaded:\n>           assert reloaded.size == (200, 200)\n\u001b[1m\u001b[31mE           assert (100, 100) == (200, 200)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1m\u001b[31mE             \u001b[0m\n\u001b[1m\u001b[31mE             At index 0 diff: 100 != 200\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1m\u001b[31mE             Use -v to get more diff\u001b[0m\n\n\u001b[1m\u001b[31mr2e_tests/test_1.py\u001b[0m:678: AssertionError\n==================================== PASSES ====================================\n\u001b[36m\u001b[1m=========================== short test summary info ============================\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_apng_basic\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_apng_fdat[Tests/images/apng/split_fdat.png]\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_apng_fdat[Tests/images/apng/split_fdat_zero_chunk.png]\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_apng_dispose\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_apng_dispose_region\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_apng_dispose_op_previous_frame\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_apng_dispose_op_background_p_mode\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_apng_blend\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m 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r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_apng_sequence_errors[sequence_repeat_chunk.png]\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_apng_sequence_errors[sequence_reorder.png]\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_apng_sequence_errors[sequence_reorder_chunk.png]\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_apng_sequence_errors[sequence_fdat_fctl.png]\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_apng_save\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_apng_save_alpha\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_apng_save_split_fdat\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_apng_save_duration_loop\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_apng_save_disposal\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_apng_save_disposal_previous\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_apng_save_blend\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_seek_after_close\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[True-True-RGBA]\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[True-True-RGB]\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[True-True-P]\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[True-False-RGBA]\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[True-False-RGB]\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[True-False-P]\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[False-True-RGBA]\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[False-True-RGB]\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[False-True-P]\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[False-False-RGBA]\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[False-False-RGB]\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[False-False-P]\u001b[0m\n\u001b[32mPASSED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_apng_repeated_seeks_give_correct_info\u001b[0m\n\u001b[31mFAILED\u001b[0m r2e_tests/test_1.py::\u001b[1mtest_apng_save_size\u001b[0m - assert (100, 100) == (200, 200)\n\u001b[31m========================= \u001b[31m\u001b[1m1 failed\u001b[0m, \u001b[32m43 passed\u001b[0m\u001b[31m in 2.06s\u001b[0m\u001b[31m =========================\u001b[0m\n",
    "old_commit_res_stderr": ""
}
Tests/test_file_apng.py src/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py
We are currently solving the following issue within our repository. Here is the issue text:
--- BEGIN ISSUE ---
[ISSUE]

**Title:** APNG Save Function Ignoring Larger Appended Frame Sizes

**Description:**
When saving an animated PNG (APNG) with appended images that have larger dimensions than the main image, the resulting file retains the size of the main image instead of adjusting to the largest frame.

**Example Buggy Code:**
```python
from PIL import Image

# Create main image of size (100, 100)
im = Image.new("L", (100, 100))
# Append image of size (200, 200)
im.save("temp.png", save_all=True, append_images=[Image.new("L", (200, 200))])

# Reload the saved image
with Image.open("temp.png") as reloaded:
    print(reloaded.size)  # Outputs (100, 100) instead of (200, 200)
```

**Expected Behavior:**
The reloaded image should have a size of (200, 200), accommodating the largest appended frame.

**Actual Behavior:**
The reloaded image size remains at (100, 100), ignoring the appended image's larger dimensions.

[/ISSUE]
--- END ISSUE ---

Below are some code segments, each from a relevant file. One or more of these files may contain bugs.

--- BEGIN FILE ---
```
### src/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py
#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# PNG support code
#
# See "PNG (Portable Network Graphics) Specification, version 1.0;
# W3C Recommendation", 1996-10-01, Thomas Boutell (ed.).
#
# history:
# 1996-05-06 fl   Created (couldn't resist it)
# 1996-12-14 fl   Upgraded, added read and verify support (0.2)
# 1996-12-15 fl   Separate PNG stream parser
# 1996-12-29 fl   Added write support, added getchunks
# 1996-12-30 fl   Eliminated circular references in decoder (0.3)
# 1998-07-12 fl   Read/write 16-bit images as mode I (0.4)
# 2001-02-08 fl   Added transparency support (from Zircon) (0.5)
# 2001-04-16 fl   Don't close data source in "open" method (0.6)
# 2004-02-24 fl   Don't even pretend to support interlaced files (0.7)
# 2004-08-31 fl   Do basic sanity check on chunk identifiers (0.8)
# 2004-09-20 fl   Added PngInfo chunk container
# 2004-12-18 fl   Added DPI read support (based on code by Niki Spahiev)
# 2008-08-13 fl   Added tRNS support for RGB images
# 2009-03-06 fl   Support for preserving ICC profiles (by Florian Hoech)
# 2009-03-08 fl   Added zTXT support (from Lowell Alleman)
# 2009-03-29 fl   Read interlaced PNG files (from Conrado Porto Lopes Gouvua)
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2009 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 1996 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations

import itertools
import logging
import re
import struct
import warnings
import zlib
from enum import IntEnum

from . import Image, ImageChops, ImageFile, ImagePalette, ImageSequence
from ._binary import i16be as i16
from ._binary import i32be as i32
from ._binary import o8
from ._binary import o16be as o16
from ._binary import o32be as o32

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

is_cid = re.compile(rb"\w\w\w\w").match


_MAGIC = b"\211PNG\r\n\032\n"


_MODES = {
    # supported bits/color combinations, and corresponding modes/rawmodes
    # Grayscale
    (1, 0): ("1", "1"),
    (2, 0): ("L", "L;2"),
    (4, 0): ("L", "L;4"),
    (8, 0): ("L", "L"),
    (16, 0): ("I;16", "I;16B"),
    # Truecolour
    (8, 2): ("RGB", "RGB"),
    (16, 2): ("RGB", "RGB;16B"),
    # Indexed-colour
    (1, 3): ("P", "P;1"),
    (2, 3): ("P", "P;2"),
    (4, 3): ("P", "P;4"),
    (8, 3): ("P", "P"),
    # Grayscale with alpha
    (8, 4): ("LA", "LA"),
    (16, 4): ("RGBA", "LA;16B"),  # LA;16B->LA not yet available
    # Truecolour with alpha
    (8, 6): ("RGBA", "RGBA"),
    (16, 6): ("RGBA", "RGBA;16B"),
}


_simple_palette = re.compile(b"^\xff*\x00\xff*$")

MAX_TEXT_CHUNK = ImageFile.SAFEBLOCK
"""
Maximum decompressed size for a iTXt or zTXt chunk.
Eliminates decompression bombs where compressed chunks can expand 1000x.
See :ref:`Text in PNG File Format<png-text>`.
"""
MAX_TEXT_MEMORY = 64 * MAX_TEXT_CHUNK
"""
Set the maximum total text chunk size.
See :ref:`Text in PNG File Format<png-text>`.
"""


# APNG frame disposal modes
class Disposal(IntEnum):
    OP_NONE = 0
    """
    No disposal is done on this frame before rendering the next frame.
    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.
    """
    OP_BACKGROUND = 1
    """
    This frame’s modified region is cleared to fully transparent black before rendering
    the next frame.
    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.
    """
    OP_PREVIOUS = 2
    """
    This frame’s modified region is reverted to the previous frame’s contents before
    rendering the next frame.
    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.
    """


# APNG frame blend modes
class Blend(IntEnum):
    OP_SOURCE = 0
    """
    All color components of this frame, including alpha, overwrite the previous output
    image contents.
    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.
    """
    OP_OVER = 1
    """
    This frame should be alpha composited with the previous output image contents.
    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.
    """


def _safe_zlib_decompress(s):
    dobj = zlib.decompressobj()
    plaintext = dobj.decompress(s, MAX_TEXT_CHUNK)
    if dobj.unconsumed_tail:
        msg = "Decompressed Data Too Large"
        raise ValueError(msg)
    return plaintext


def _crc32(data, seed=0):
    return zlib.crc32(data, seed) & 0xFFFFFFFF


# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Support classes.  Suitable for PNG and related formats like MNG etc.


class ChunkStream:
    def __init__(self, fp):
        self.fp = fp
        self.queue = []

    def read(self):
        """Fetch a new chunk. Returns header information."""
        cid = None

        if self.queue:
            cid, pos, length = self.queue.pop()
            self.fp.seek(pos)
        else:
            s = self.fp.read(8)
            cid = s[4:]
            pos = self.fp.tell()
            length = i32(s)

        if not is_cid(cid):
            if not ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
                msg = f"broken PNG file (chunk {repr(cid)})"
                raise SyntaxError(msg)

        return cid, pos, length

    def __enter__(self):
        return self

    def __exit__(self, *args):
        self.close()

    def close(self):
        self.queue = self.fp = None

    def push(self, cid, pos, length):
        self.queue.append((cid, pos, length))

    def call(self, cid, pos, length):
        """Call the appropriate chunk handler"""

        logger.debug("STREAM %r %s %s", cid, pos, length)
        return getattr(self, "chunk_" + cid.decode("ascii"))(pos, length)

    def crc(self, cid, data):
        """Read and verify checksum"""

        # Skip CRC checks for ancillary chunks if allowed to load truncated
        # images
        # 5th byte of first char is 1 [specs, section 5.4]
        if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES and (cid[0] >> 5 & 1):
            self.crc_skip(cid, data)
            return

        try:
            crc1 = _crc32(data, _crc32(cid))
            crc2 = i32(self.fp.read(4))
            if crc1 != crc2:
                msg = f"broken PNG file (bad header checksum in {repr(cid)})"
                raise SyntaxError(msg)
        except struct.error as e:
            msg = f"broken PNG file (incomplete checksum in {repr(cid)})"
            raise SyntaxError(msg) from e

    def crc_skip(self, cid, data):
        """Read checksum"""

        self.fp.read(4)

    def verify(self, endchunk=b"IEND"):
        # Simple approach; just calculate checksum for all remaining
        # blocks.  Must be called directly after open.

        cids = []

        while True:
            try:
                cid, pos, length = self.read()
            except struct.error as e:
                msg = "truncated PNG file"
                raise OSError(msg) from e

            if cid == endchunk:
                break
            self.crc(cid, ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length))
            cids.append(cid)

        return cids


class iTXt(str):
    """
    Subclass of string to allow iTXt chunks to look like strings while
    keeping their extra information

    """

    @staticmethod
    def __new__(cls, text, lang=None, tkey=None):
        """
        :param cls: the class to use when creating the instance
        :param text: value for this key
        :param lang: language code
        :param tkey: UTF-8 version of the key name
        """

        self = str.__new__(cls, text)
        self.lang = lang
        self.tkey = tkey
        return self


class PngInfo:
    """
    PNG chunk container (for use with save(pnginfo=))

    """

    def __init__(self):
        self.chunks = []

    def add(self, cid, data, after_idat=False):
        """Appends an arbitrary chunk. Use with caution.

        :param cid: a byte string, 4 bytes long.
        :param data: a byte string of the encoded data
        :param after_idat: for use with private chunks. Whether the chunk
                           should be written after IDAT

        """

        chunk = [cid, data]
        if after_idat:
            chunk.append(True)
        self.chunks.append(tuple(chunk))

    def add_itxt(self, key, value, lang="", tkey="", zip=False):
        """Appends an iTXt chunk.

        :param key: latin-1 encodable text key name
        :param value: value for this key
        :param lang: language code
        :param tkey: UTF-8 version of the key name
        :param zip: compression flag

        """

        if not isinstance(key, bytes):
            key = key.encode("latin-1", "strict")
        if not isinstance(value, bytes):
            value = value.encode("utf-8", "strict")
        if not isinstance(lang, bytes):
            lang = lang.encode("utf-8", "strict")
        if not isinstance(tkey, bytes):
            tkey = tkey.encode("utf-8", "strict")

        if zip:
            self.add(
                b"iTXt",
                key + b"\0\x01\0" + lang + b"\0" + tkey + b"\0" + zlib.compress(value),
            )
        else:
            self.add(b"iTXt", key + b"\0\0\0" + lang + b"\0" + tkey + b"\0" + value)

    def add_text(self, key, value, zip=False):
        """Appends a text chunk.

        :param key: latin-1 encodable text key name
        :param value: value for this key, text or an
           :py:class:`PIL.PngImagePlugin.iTXt` instance
        :param zip: compression flag

        """
        if isinstance(value, iTXt):
            return self.add_itxt(key, value, value.lang, value.tkey, zip=zip)

        # The tEXt chunk stores latin-1 text
        if not isinstance(value, bytes):
            try:
                value = value.encode("latin-1", "strict")
            except UnicodeError:
                return self.add_itxt(key, value, zip=zip)

        if not isinstance(key, bytes):
            key = key.encode("latin-1", "strict")

        if zip:
            self.add(b"zTXt", key + b"\0\0" + zlib.compress(value))
        else:
            self.add(b"tEXt", key + b"\0" + value)


# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# PNG image stream (IHDR/IEND)


class PngStream(ChunkStream):
    def __init__(self, fp):
        super().__init__(fp)

        # local copies of Image attributes
        self.im_info = {}
        self.im_text = {}
        self.im_size = (0, 0)
        self.im_mode = None
        self.im_tile = None
        self.im_palette = None
        self.im_custom_mimetype = None
        self.im_n_frames = None
        self._seq_num = None
        self.rewind_state = None

        self.text_memory = 0

    def check_text_memory(self, chunklen):
        self.text_memory += chunklen
        if self.text_memory > MAX_TEXT_MEMORY:
            msg = (
                "Too much memory used in text chunks: "
                f"{self.text_memory}>MAX_TEXT_MEMORY"
            )
            raise ValueError(msg)

    def save_rewind(self):
        self.rewind_state = {
            "info": self.im_info.copy(),
            "tile": self.im_tile,
            "seq_num": self._seq_num,
        }

    def rewind(self):
        self.im_info = self.rewind_state["info"].copy()
        self.im_tile = self.rewind_state["tile"]
        self._seq_num = self.rewind_state["seq_num"]

    def chunk_iCCP(self, pos, length):
        # ICC profile
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        # according to PNG spec, the iCCP chunk contains:
        # Profile name  1-79 bytes (character string)
        # Null separator        1 byte (null character)
        # Compression method    1 byte (0)
        # Compressed profile    n bytes (zlib with deflate compression)
        i = s.find(b"\0")
        logger.debug("iCCP profile name %r", s[:i])
        logger.debug("Compression method %s", s[i])
        comp_method = s[i]
        if comp_method != 0:
            msg = f"Unknown compression method {comp_method} in iCCP chunk"
            raise SyntaxError(msg)
        try:
            icc_profile = _safe_zlib_decompress(s[i + 2 :])
        except ValueError:
            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
                icc_profile = None
            else:
                raise
        except zlib.error:
            icc_profile = None  # FIXME
        self.im_info["icc_profile"] = icc_profile
        return s

    def chunk_IHDR(self, pos, length):
        # image header
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        if length < 13:
            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
                return s
            msg = "Truncated IHDR chunk"
            raise ValueError(msg)
        self.im_size = i32(s, 0), i32(s, 4)
        try:
            self.im_mode, self.im_rawmode = _MODES[(s[8], s[9])]
        except Exception:
            pass
        if s[12]:
            self.im_info["interlace"] = 1
        if s[11]:
            msg = "unknown filter category"
            raise SyntaxError(msg)
        return s

    def chunk_IDAT(self, pos, length):
        # image data
        if "bbox" in self.im_info:
            tile = [("zip", self.im_info["bbox"], pos, self.im_rawmode)]
        else:
            if self.im_n_frames is not None:
                self.im_info["default_image"] = True
            tile = [("zip", (0, 0) + self.im_size, pos, self.im_rawmode)]
        self.im_tile = tile
        self.im_idat = length
        msg = "image data found"
        raise EOFError(msg)

    def chunk_IEND(self, pos, length):
        msg = "end of PNG image"
        raise EOFError(msg)

    def chunk_PLTE(self, pos, length):
        # palette
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        if self.im_mode == "P":
            self.im_palette = "RGB", s
        return s

    def chunk_tRNS(self, pos, length):
        # transparency
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        if self.im_mode == "P":
            if _simple_palette.match(s):
                # tRNS contains only one full-transparent entry,
                # other entries are full opaque
                i = s.find(b"\0")
                if i >= 0:
                    self.im_info["transparency"] = i
            else:
                # otherwise, we have a byte string with one alpha value
                # for each palette entry
                self.im_info["transparency"] = s
        elif self.im_mode in ("1", "L", "I;16"):
            self.im_info["transparency"] = i16(s)
        elif self.im_mode == "RGB":
            self.im_info["transparency"] = i16(s), i16(s, 2), i16(s, 4)
        return s

    def chunk_gAMA(self, pos, length):
        # gamma setting
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        self.im_info["gamma"] = i32(s) / 100000.0
        return s

    def chunk_cHRM(self, pos, length):
        # chromaticity, 8 unsigned ints, actual value is scaled by 100,000
        # WP x,y, Red x,y, Green x,y Blue x,y

        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        raw_vals = struct.unpack(">%dI" % (len(s) // 4), s)
        self.im_info["chromaticity"] = tuple(elt / 100000.0 for elt in raw_vals)
        return s

    def chunk_sRGB(self, pos, length):
        # srgb rendering intent, 1 byte
        # 0 perceptual
        # 1 relative colorimetric
        # 2 saturation
        # 3 absolute colorimetric

        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        if length < 1:
            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
                return s
            msg = "Truncated sRGB chunk"
            raise ValueError(msg)
        self.im_info["srgb"] = s[0]
        return s

    def chunk_pHYs(self, pos, length):
        # pixels per unit
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        if length < 9:
            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
                return s
            msg = "Truncated pHYs chunk"
            raise ValueError(msg)
        px, py = i32(s, 0), i32(s, 4)
        unit = s[8]
        if unit == 1:  # meter
            dpi = px * 0.0254, py * 0.0254
            self.im_info["dpi"] = dpi
        elif unit == 0:
            self.im_info["aspect"] = px, py
        return s

    def chunk_tEXt(self, pos, length):
        # text
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        try:
            k, v = s.split(b"\0", 1)
        except ValueError:
            # fallback for broken tEXt tags
            k = s
            v = b""
        if k:
            k = k.decode("latin-1", "strict")
            v_str = v.decode("latin-1", "replace")

            self.im_info[k] = v if k == "exif" else v_str
            self.im_text[k] = v_str
            self.check_text_memory(len(v_str))

        return s

    def chunk_zTXt(self, pos, length):
        # compressed text
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        try:
            k, v = s.split(b"\0", 1)
        except ValueError:
            k = s
            v = b""
        if v:
            comp_method = v[0]
        else:
            comp_method = 0
        if comp_method != 0:
            msg = f"Unknown compression method {comp_method} in zTXt chunk"
            raise SyntaxError(msg)
        try:
            v = _safe_zlib_decompress(v[1:])
        except ValueError:
            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
                v = b""
            else:
                raise
        except zlib.error:
            v = b""

        if k:
            k = k.decode("latin-1", "strict")
            v = v.decode("latin-1", "replace")

            self.im_info[k] = self.im_text[k] = v
            self.check_text_memory(len(v))

        return s

    def chunk_iTXt(self, pos, length):
        # international text
        r = s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        try:
            k, r = r.split(b"\0", 1)
        except ValueError:
            return s
        if len(r) < 2:
            return s
        cf, cm, r = r[0], r[1], r[2:]
        try:
            lang, tk, v = r.split(b"\0", 2)
        except ValueError:
            return s
        if cf != 0:
            if cm == 0:
                try:
                    v = _safe_zlib_decompress(v)
                except ValueError:
                    if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
                        return s
                    else:
                        raise
                except zlib.error:
                    return s
            else:
                return s
        try:
            k = k.decode("latin-1", "strict")
            lang = lang.decode("utf-8", "strict")
            tk = tk.decode("utf-8", "strict")
            v = v.decode("utf-8", "strict")
        except UnicodeError:
            return s

        self.im_info[k] = self.im_text[k] = iTXt(v, lang, tk)
        self.check_text_memory(len(v))

        return s

    def chunk_eXIf(self, pos, length):
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        self.im_info["exif"] = b"Exif\x00\x00" + s
        return s

    # APNG chunks
    def chunk_acTL(self, pos, length):
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        if length < 8:
            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
                return s
            msg = "APNG contains truncated acTL chunk"
            raise ValueError(msg)
        if self.im_n_frames is not None:
            self.im_n_frames = None
            warnings.warn("Invalid APNG, will use default PNG image if possible")
            return s
        n_frames = i32(s)
        if n_frames == 0 or n_frames > 0x80000000:
            warnings.warn("Invalid APNG, will use default PNG image if possible")
            return s
        self.im_n_frames = n_frames
        self.im_info["loop"] = i32(s, 4)
        self.im_custom_mimetype = "image/apng"
        return s

    def chunk_fcTL(self, pos, length):
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        if length < 26:
            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
                return s
            msg = "APNG contains truncated fcTL chunk"
            raise ValueError(msg)
        seq = i32(s)
        if (self._seq_num is None and seq != 0) or (
            self._seq_num is not None and self._seq_num != seq - 1
        ):
            msg = "APNG contains frame sequence errors"
            raise SyntaxError(msg)
        self._seq_num = seq
        width, height = i32(s, 4), i32(s, 8)
        px, py = i32(s, 12), i32(s, 16)
        im_w, im_h = self.im_size
        if px + width > im_w or py + height > im_h:
            msg = "APNG contains invalid frames"
            raise SyntaxError(msg)
        self.im_info["bbox"] = (px, py, px + width, py + height)
        delay_num, delay_den = i16(s, 20), i16(s, 22)
        if delay_den == 0:
            delay_den = 100
        self.im_info["duration"] = float(delay_num) / float(delay_den) * 1000
        self.im_info["disposal"] = s[24]
        self.im_info["blend"] = s[25]
        return s

    def chunk_fdAT(self, pos, length):
        if length < 4:
            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
                s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
                return s
            msg = "APNG contains truncated fDAT chunk"
            raise ValueError(msg)
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, 4)
        seq = i32(s)
        if self._seq_num != seq - 1:
            msg = "APNG contains frame sequence errors"
            raise SyntaxError(msg)
        self._seq_num = seq
        return self.chunk_IDAT(pos + 4, length - 4)


# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# PNG reader


def _accept(prefix):
    return prefix[:8] == _MAGIC


##
# Image plugin for PNG images.


class PngImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
    format = "PNG"
    format_description = "Portable network graphics"

    def _open(self):
        if not _accept(self.fp.read(8)):
            msg = "not a PNG file"
            raise SyntaxError(msg)
        self._fp = self.fp
        self.__frame = 0

        #
        # Parse headers up to the first IDAT or fDAT chunk

        self.private_chunks = []
        self.png = PngStream(self.fp)

        while True:
            #
            # get next chunk

            cid, pos, length = self.png.read()

            try:
                s = self.png.call(cid, pos, length)
            except EOFError:
                break
            except AttributeError:
                logger.debug("%r %s %s (unknown)", cid, pos, length)
                s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
                if cid[1:2].islower():
                    self.private_chunks.append((cid, s))

            self.png.crc(cid, s)

        #
        # Copy relevant attributes from the PngStream.  An alternative
        # would be to let the PngStream class modify these attributes
        # directly, but that introduces circular references which are
        # difficult to break if things go wrong in the decoder...
        # (believe me, I've tried ;-)

        self._mode = self.png.im_mode
        self._size = self.png.im_size
        self.info = self.png.im_info
        self._text = None
        self.tile = self.png.im_tile
        self.custom_mimetype = self.png.im_custom_mimetype
        self.n_frames = self.png.im_n_frames or 1
        self.default_image = self.info.get("default_image", False)

        if self.png.im_palette:
            rawmode, data = self.png.im_palette
            self.palette = ImagePalette.raw(rawmode, data)

        if cid == b"fdAT":
            self.__prepare_idat = length - 4
        else:
            self.__prepare_idat = length  # used by load_prepare()

        if self.png.im_n_frames is not None:
            self._close_exclusive_fp_after_loading = False
            self.png.save_rewind()
            self.__rewind_idat = self.__prepare_idat
            self.__rewind = self._fp.tell()
            if self.default_image:
                # IDAT chunk contains default image and not first animation frame
                self.n_frames += 1
            self._seek(0)
        self.is_animated = self.n_frames > 1

    @property
    def text(self):
        # experimental
        if self._text is None:
            # iTxt, tEXt and zTXt chunks may appear at the end of the file
            # So load the file to ensure that they are read
            if self.is_animated:
                frame = self.__frame
                # for APNG, seek to the final frame before loading
                self.seek(self.n_frames - 1)
            self.load()
            if self.is_animated:
                self.seek(frame)
        return self._text

    def verify(self):
        """Verify PNG file"""

        if self.fp is None:
            msg = "verify must be called directly after open"
            raise RuntimeError(msg)

        # back up to beginning of IDAT block
        self.fp.seek(self.tile[0][2] - 8)

        self.png.verify()
        self.png.close()

        if self._exclusive_fp:
            self.fp.close()
        self.fp = None

    def seek(self, frame):
        if not self._seek_check(frame):
            return
        if frame < self.__frame:
            self._seek(0, True)

        last_frame = self.__frame
        for f in range(self.__frame + 1, frame + 1):
            try:
                self._seek(f)
            except EOFError as e:
                self.seek(last_frame)
                msg = "no more images in APNG file"
                raise EOFError(msg) from e

    def _seek(self, frame, rewind=False):
        if frame == 0:
            if rewind:
                self._fp.seek(self.__rewind)
                self.png.rewind()
                self.__prepare_idat = self.__rewind_idat
                self.im = None
                if self.pyaccess:
                    self.pyaccess = None
                self.info = self.png.im_info
                self.tile = self.png.im_tile
                self.fp = self._fp
            self._prev_im = None
            self.dispose = None
            self.default_image = self.info.get("default_image", False)
            self.dispose_op = self.info.get("disposal")
            self.blend_op = self.info.get("blend")
            self.dispose_extent = self.info.get("bbox")
            self.__frame = 0
        else:
            if frame != self.__frame + 1:
                msg = f"cannot seek to frame {frame}"
                raise ValueError(msg)

            # ensure previous frame was loaded
            self.load()

            if self.dispose:
                self.im.paste(self.dispose, self.dispose_extent)
            self._prev_im = self.im.copy()

            self.fp = self._fp

            # advance to the next frame
            if self.__prepare_idat:
                ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, self.__prepare_idat)
                self.__prepare_idat = 0
            frame_start = False
            while True:
                self.fp.read(4)  # CRC

                try:
                    cid, pos, length = self.png.read()
                except (struct.error, SyntaxError):
                    break

                if cid == b"IEND":
                    msg = "No more images in APNG file"
                    raise EOFError(msg)
                if cid == b"fcTL":
                    if frame_start:
                        # there must be at least one fdAT chunk between fcTL chunks
                        msg = "APNG missing frame data"
                        raise SyntaxError(msg)
                    frame_start = True

                try:
                    self.png.call(cid, pos, length)
                except UnicodeDecodeError:
                    break
                except EOFError:
                    if cid == b"fdAT":
                        length -= 4
                        if frame_start:
                            self.__prepare_idat = length
                            break
                    ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
                except AttributeError:
                    logger.debug("%r %s %s (unknown)", cid, pos, length)
                    ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)

            self.__frame = frame
            self.tile = self.png.im_tile
            self.dispose_op = self.info.get("disposal")
            self.blend_op = self.info.get("blend")
            self.dispose_extent = self.info.get("bbox")

            if not self.tile:
                msg = "image not found in APNG frame"
                raise EOFError(msg)

        # setup frame disposal (actual disposal done when needed in the next _seek())
        if self._prev_im is None and self.dispose_op == Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS:
            self.dispose_op = Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND

        if self.dispose_op == Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS:
            self.dispose = self._prev_im.copy()
            self.dispose = self._crop(self.dispose, self.dispose_extent)
        elif self.dispose_op == Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND:
            self.dispose = Image.core.fill(self.mode, self.size)
            self.dispose = self._crop(self.dispose, self.dispose_extent)
        else:
            self.dispose = None

    def tell(self):
        return self.__frame

    def load_prepare(self):
        """internal: prepare to read PNG file"""

        if self.info.get("interlace"):
            self.decoderconfig = self.decoderconfig + (1,)

        self.__idat = self.__prepare_idat  # used by load_read()
        ImageFile.ImageFile.load_prepare(self)

    def load_read(self, read_bytes):
        """internal: read more image data"""

        while self.__idat == 0:
            # end of chunk, skip forward to next one

            self.fp.read(4)  # CRC

            cid, pos, length = self.png.read()

            if cid not in [b"IDAT", b"DDAT", b"fdAT"]:
                self.png.push(cid, pos, length)
                return b""

            if cid == b"fdAT":
                try:
                    self.png.call(cid, pos, length)
                except EOFError:
                    pass
                self.__idat = length - 4  # sequence_num has already been read
            else:
                self.__idat = length  # empty chunks are allowed

        # read more data from this chunk
        if read_bytes <= 0:
            read_bytes = self.__idat
        else:
            read_bytes = min(read_bytes, self.__idat)

        self.__idat = self.__idat - read_bytes

        return self.fp.read(read_bytes)

    def load_end(self):
        """internal: finished reading image data"""
        if self.__idat != 0:
            self.fp.read(self.__idat)
        while True:
            self.fp.read(4)  # CRC

            try:
                cid, pos, length = self.png.read()
            except (struct.error, SyntaxError):
                break

            if cid == b"IEND":
                break
            elif cid == b"fcTL" and self.is_animated:
                # start of the next frame, stop reading
                self.__prepare_idat = 0
                self.png.push(cid, pos, length)
                break

            try:
                self.png.call(cid, pos, length)
            except UnicodeDecodeError:
                break
            except EOFError:
                if cid == b"fdAT":
                    length -= 4
                try:
                    ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
                except OSError as e:
                    if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
                        break
                    else:
                        raise e
            except AttributeError:
                logger.debug("%r %s %s (unknown)", cid, pos, length)
                s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
                if cid[1:2].islower():
                    self.private_chunks.append((cid, s, True))
        self._text = self.png.im_text
        if not self.is_animated:
            self.png.close()
            self.png = None
        else:
            if self._prev_im and self.blend_op == Blend.OP_OVER:
                updated = self._crop(self.im, self.dispose_extent)
                if self.im.mode == "RGB" and "transparency" in self.info:
                    mask = updated.convert_transparent(
                        "RGBA", self.info["transparency"]
                    )
                else:
                    mask = updated.convert("RGBA")
                self._prev_im.paste(updated, self.dispose_extent, mask)
                self.im = self._prev_im
                if self.pyaccess:
                    self.pyaccess = None

    def _getexif(self):
        if "exif" not in self.info:
            self.load()
        if "exif" not in self.info and "Raw profile type exif" not in self.info:
            return None
        return self.getexif()._get_merged_dict()

    def getexif(self):
        if "exif" not in self.info:
            self.load()

        return super().getexif()

    def getxmp(self):
        """
        Returns a dictionary containing the XMP tags.
        Requires defusedxml to be installed.

        :returns: XMP tags in a dictionary.
        """
        return (
            self._getxmp(self.info["XML:com.adobe.xmp"])
            if "XML:com.adobe.xmp" in self.info
            else {}
        )


# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# PNG writer

_OUTMODES = {
    # supported PIL modes, and corresponding rawmodes/bits/color combinations
    "1": ("1", b"\x01\x00"),
    "L;1": ("L;1", b"\x01\x00"),
    "L;2": ("L;2", b"\x02\x00"),
    "L;4": ("L;4", b"\x04\x00"),
    "L": ("L", b"\x08\x00"),
    "LA": ("LA", b"\x08\x04"),
    "I": ("I;16B", b"\x10\x00"),
    "I;16": ("I;16B", b"\x10\x00"),
    "I;16B": ("I;16B", b"\x10\x00"),
    "P;1": ("P;1", b"\x01\x03"),
    "P;2": ("P;2", b"\x02\x03"),
    "P;4": ("P;4", b"\x04\x03"),
    "P": ("P", b"\x08\x03"),
    "RGB": ("RGB", b"\x08\x02"),
    "RGBA": ("RGBA", b"\x08\x06"),
}


def putchunk(fp, cid, *data):
    """Write a PNG chunk (including CRC field)"""

    data = b"".join(data)

    fp.write(o32(len(data)) + cid)
    fp.write(data)
    crc = _crc32(data, _crc32(cid))
    fp.write(o32(crc))


class _idat:
    # wrap output from the encoder in IDAT chunks

    def __init__(self, fp, chunk):
        self.fp = fp
        self.chunk = chunk

    def write(self, data):
        self.chunk(self.fp, b"IDAT", data)


class _fdat:
    # wrap encoder output in fdAT chunks

    def __init__(self, fp, chunk, seq_num):
        self.fp = fp
        self.chunk = chunk
        self.seq_num = seq_num

    def write(self, data):
        self.chunk(self.fp, b"fdAT", o32(self.seq_num), data)
        self.seq_num += 1


def _write_multiple_frames(im, fp, chunk, rawmode, default_image, append_images):
    duration = im.encoderinfo.get("duration", im.info.get("duration", 0))
    loop = im.encoderinfo.get("loop", im.info.get("loop", 0))
    disposal = im.encoderinfo.get("disposal", im.info.get("disposal", Disposal.OP_NONE))
    blend = im.encoderinfo.get("blend", im.info.get("blend", Blend.OP_SOURCE))

    if default_image:
        chain = itertools.chain(append_images)
    else:
        chain = itertools.chain([im], append_images)

    im_frames = []
    frame_count = 0
    for im_seq in chain:
        for im_frame in ImageSequence.Iterator(im_seq):
            if im_frame.mode == rawmode:
                im_frame = im_frame.copy()
            else:
                im_frame = im_frame.convert(rawmode)
            encoderinfo = im.encoderinfo.copy()
            if isinstance(duration, (list, tuple)):
                encoderinfo["duration"] = duration[frame_count]
            if isinstance(disposal, (list, tuple)):
                encoderinfo["disposal"] = disposal[frame_count]
            if isinstance(blend, (list, tuple)):
                encoderinfo["blend"] = blend[frame_count]
            frame_count += 1

            if im_frames:
                previous = im_frames[-1]
                prev_disposal = previous["encoderinfo"].get("disposal")
                prev_blend = previous["encoderinfo"].get("blend")
                if prev_disposal == Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS and len(im_frames) < 2:
                    prev_disposal = Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND

                if prev_disposal == Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND:
                    base_im = previous["im"].copy()
                    dispose = Image.core.fill("RGBA", im.size, (0, 0, 0, 0))
                    bbox = previous["bbox"]
                    if bbox:
                        dispose = dispose.crop(bbox)
                    else:
                        bbox = (0, 0) + im.size
                    base_im.paste(dispose, bbox)
                elif prev_disposal == Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS:
                    base_im = im_frames[-2]["im"]
                else:
                    base_im = previous["im"]
                delta = ImageChops.subtract_modulo(
                    im_frame.convert("RGBA"), base_im.convert("RGBA")
                )
                bbox = delta.getbbox(alpha_only=False)
                if (
                    not bbox
                    and prev_disposal == encoderinfo.get("disposal")
                    and prev_blend == encoderinfo.get("blend")
                ):
                    previous["encoderinfo"]["duration"] += encoderinfo.get(
                        "duration", duration
                    )
                    continue
            else:
                bbox = None
            if "duration" not in encoderinfo:
                encoderinfo["duration"] = duration
            im_frames.append({"im": im_frame, "bbox": bbox, "encoderinfo": encoderinfo})

    if len(im_frames) == 1 and not default_image:
        return im_frames[0]["im"]

    # animation control
    chunk(
        fp,
        b"acTL",
        o32(len(im_frames)),  # 0: num_frames
        o32(loop),  # 4: num_plays
    )

    # default image IDAT (if it exists)
    if default_image:
        if im.mode != rawmode:
            im = im.convert(rawmode)
        ImageFile._save(im, _idat(fp, chunk), [("zip", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, rawmode)])

    seq_num = 0
    for frame, frame_data in enumerate(im_frames):
        im_frame = frame_data["im"]
        if not frame_data["bbox"]:
            bbox = (0, 0) + im_frame.size
        else:
            bbox = frame_data["bbox"]
            im_frame = im_frame.crop(bbox)
        size = im_frame.size
        encoderinfo = frame_data["encoderinfo"]
        frame_duration = int(round(encoderinfo["duration"]))
        frame_disposal = encoderinfo.get("disposal", disposal)
        frame_blend = encoderinfo.get("blend", blend)
        # frame control
        chunk(
            fp,
            b"fcTL",
            o32(seq_num),  # sequence_number
            o32(size[0]),  # width
            o32(size[1]),  # height
            o32(bbox[0]),  # x_offset
            o32(bbox[1]),  # y_offset
            o16(frame_duration),  # delay_numerator
            o16(1000),  # delay_denominator
            o8(frame_disposal),  # dispose_op
            o8(frame_blend),  # blend_op
        )
        seq_num += 1
        # frame data
        if frame == 0 and not default_image:
            # first frame must be in IDAT chunks for backwards compatibility
            ImageFile._save(
                im_frame,
                _idat(fp, chunk),
                [("zip", (0, 0) + im_frame.size, 0, rawmode)],
            )
        else:
            fdat_chunks = _fdat(fp, chunk, seq_num)
            ImageFile._save(
                im_frame,
                fdat_chunks,
                [("zip", (0, 0) + im_frame.size, 0, rawmode)],
            )
            seq_num = fdat_chunks.seq_num


def _save_all(im, fp, filename):
    _save(im, fp, filename, save_all=True)


def _save(im, fp, filename, chunk=putchunk, save_all=False):
    # save an image to disk (called by the save method)

    if save_all:
        default_image = im.encoderinfo.get(
            "default_image", im.info.get("default_image")
        )
        modes = set()
        append_images = im.encoderinfo.get("append_images", [])
        for im_seq in itertools.chain([im], append_images):
            for im_frame in ImageSequence.Iterator(im_seq):
                modes.add(im_frame.mode)
        for mode in ("RGBA", "RGB", "P"):
            if mode in modes:
                break
        else:
            mode = modes.pop()
    else:
        mode = im.mode

    if mode == "P":
        #
        # attempt to minimize storage requirements for palette images
        if "bits" in im.encoderinfo:
            # number of bits specified by user
            colors = min(1 << im.encoderinfo["bits"], 256)
        else:
            # check palette contents
            if im.palette:
                colors = max(min(len(im.palette.getdata()[1]) // 3, 256), 1)
            else:
                colors = 256

        if colors <= 16:
            if colors <= 2:
                bits = 1
            elif colors <= 4:
                bits = 2
            else:
                bits = 4
            mode = f"{mode};{bits}"

    # encoder options
    im.encoderconfig = (
        im.encoderinfo.get("optimize", False),
        im.encoderinfo.get("compress_level", -1),
        im.encoderinfo.get("compress_type", -1),
        im.encoderinfo.get("dictionary", b""),
    )

    # get the corresponding PNG mode
    try:
        rawmode, mode = _OUTMODES[mode]
    except KeyError as e:
        msg = f"cannot write mode {mode} as PNG"
        raise OSError(msg) from e

    #
    # write minimal PNG file

    fp.write(_MAGIC)

    chunk(
        fp,
        b"IHDR",
        o32(im.size[0]),  # 0: size
        o32(im.size[1]),
        mode,  # 8: depth/type
        b"\0",  # 10: compression
        b"\0",  # 11: filter category
        b"\0",  # 12: interlace flag
    )

    chunks = [b"cHRM", b"gAMA", b"sBIT", b"sRGB", b"tIME"]

    icc = im.encoderinfo.get("icc_profile", im.info.get("icc_profile"))
    if icc:
        # ICC profile
        # according to PNG spec, the iCCP chunk contains:
        # Profile name  1-79 bytes (character string)
        # Null separator        1 byte (null character)
        # Compression method    1 byte (0)
        # Compressed profile    n bytes (zlib with deflate compression)
        name = b"ICC Profile"
        data = name + b"\0\0" + zlib.compress(icc)
        chunk(fp, b"iCCP", data)

        # You must either have sRGB or iCCP.
        # Disallow sRGB chunks when an iCCP-chunk has been emitted.
        chunks.remove(b"sRGB")

    info = im.encoderinfo.get("pnginfo")
    if info:
        chunks_multiple_allowed = [b"sPLT", b"iTXt", b"tEXt", b"zTXt"]
        for info_chunk in info.chunks:
            cid, data = info_chunk[:2]
            if cid in chunks:
                chunks.remove(cid)
                chunk(fp, cid, data)
            elif cid in chunks_multiple_allowed:
                chunk(fp, cid, data)
            elif cid[1:2].islower():
                # Private chunk
                after_idat = info_chunk[2:3]
                if not after_idat:
                    chunk(fp, cid, data)

    if im.mode == "P":
        palette_byte_number = colors * 3
        palette_bytes = im.im.getpalette("RGB")[:palette_byte_number]
        while len(palette_bytes) < palette_byte_number:
            palette_bytes += b"\0"
        chunk(fp, b"PLTE", palette_bytes)

    transparency = im.encoderinfo.get("transparency", im.info.get("transparency", None))

    if transparency or transparency == 0:
        if im.mode == "P":
            # limit to actual palette size
            alpha_bytes = colors
            if isinstance(transparency, bytes):
                chunk(fp, b"tRNS", transparency[:alpha_bytes])
            else:
                transparency = max(0, min(255, transparency))
                alpha = b"\xFF" * transparency + b"\0"
                chunk(fp, b"tRNS", alpha[:alpha_bytes])
        elif im.mode in ("1", "L", "I", "I;16"):
            transparency = max(0, min(65535, transparency))
            chunk(fp, b"tRNS", o16(transparency))
        elif im.mode == "RGB":
            red, green, blue = transparency
            chunk(fp, b"tRNS", o16(red) + o16(green) + o16(blue))
        else:
            if "transparency" in im.encoderinfo:
                # don't bother with transparency if it's an RGBA
                # and it's in the info dict. It's probably just stale.
                msg = "cannot use transparency for this mode"
                raise OSError(msg)
    else:
        if im.mode == "P" and im.im.getpalettemode() == "RGBA":
            alpha = im.im.getpalette("RGBA", "A")
            alpha_bytes = colors
            chunk(fp, b"tRNS", alpha[:alpha_bytes])

    dpi = im.encoderinfo.get("dpi")
    if dpi:
        chunk(
            fp,
            b"pHYs",
            o32(int(dpi[0] / 0.0254 + 0.5)),
            o32(int(dpi[1] / 0.0254 + 0.5)),
            b"\x01",
        )

    if info:
        chunks = [b"bKGD", b"hIST"]
        for info_chunk in info.chunks:
            cid, data = info_chunk[:2]
            if cid in chunks:
                chunks.remove(cid)
                chunk(fp, cid, data)

    exif = im.encoderinfo.get("exif")
    if exif:
        if isinstance(exif, Image.Exif):
            exif = exif.tobytes(8)
        if exif.startswith(b"Exif\x00\x00"):
            exif = exif[6:]
        chunk(fp, b"eXIf", exif)

    if save_all:
        im = _write_multiple_frames(
            im, fp, chunk, rawmode, default_image, append_images
        )
    if im:
        ImageFile._save(im, _idat(fp, chunk), [("zip", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, rawmode)])

    if info:
        for info_chunk in info.chunks:
            cid, data = info_chunk[:2]
            if cid[1:2].islower():
                # Private chunk
                after_idat = info_chunk[2:3]
                if after_idat:
                    chunk(fp, cid, data)

    chunk(fp, b"IEND", b"")

    if hasattr(fp, "flush"):
        fp.flush()


# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# PNG chunk converter


def getchunks(im, **params):
    """Return a list of PNG chunks representing this image."""

    class collector:
        data = []

        def write(self, data):
            pass

        def append(self, chunk):
            self.data.append(chunk)

    def append(fp, cid, *data):
        data = b"".join(data)
        crc = o32(_crc32(data, _crc32(cid)))
        fp.append((cid, data, crc))

    fp = collector()

    try:
        im.encoderinfo = params
        _save(im, fp, None, append)
    finally:
        del im.encoderinfo

    return fp.data


# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Registry

Image.register_open(PngImageFile.format, PngImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save(PngImageFile.format, _save)
Image.register_save_all(PngImageFile.format, _save_all)

Image.register_extensions(PngImageFile.format, [".png", ".apng"])

Image.register_mime(PngImageFile.format, "image/png")

```
--- END FILE ---

Please first localize the bug based on the issue statement, and then generate *SEARCH/REPLACE* edits to fix the issue.

Every *SEARCH/REPLACE* edit must use this format:
1. The file path
2. The start of search block: <<<<<<< SEARCH
3. A contiguous chunk of lines to search for in the existing source code
4. The dividing line: =======
5. The lines to replace into the source code
6. The end of the replace block: >>>>>>> REPLACE

Here is an example:

```python
### mathweb/flask/app.py
<<<<<<< SEARCH
from flask import Flask
=======
import math
from flask import Flask
>>>>>>> REPLACE
```
</solution>

Please note that the *SEARCH/REPLACE* edit REQUIRES PROPER INDENTATION. If you would like to add the line '        print(x)', you must fully write that out, with all those spaces before the code!
Wrap each *SEARCH/REPLACE* edit in a code block as shown in the example above. If you have multiple *SEARCH/REPLACE* edits, use a separate code block for each one.
[ISSUE]

**Title:** APNG Save Function Ignoring Larger Appended Frame Sizes

**Description:**
When saving an animated PNG (APNG) with appended images that have larger dimensions than the main image, the resulting file retains the size of the main image instead of adjusting to the largest frame.

**Example Buggy Code:**
```python
from PIL import Image

# Create main image of size (100, 100)
im = Image.new("L", (100, 100))
# Append image of size (200, 200)
im.save("temp.png", save_all=True, append_images=[Image.new("L", (200, 200))])

# Reload the saved image
with Image.open("temp.png") as reloaded:
    print(reloaded.size)  # Outputs (100, 100) instead of (200, 200)
```

**Expected Behavior:**
The reloaded image should have a size of (200, 200), accommodating the largest appended frame.

**Actual Behavior:**
The reloaded image size remains at (100, 100), ignoring the appended image's larger dimensions.

[/ISSUE]
{
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_basic\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_fdat[Tests/images/apng/split_fdat.png]\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_fdat[Tests/images/apng/split_fdat_zero_chunk.png]\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_dispose\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_dispose_region\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_dispose_op_previous_frame\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_dispose_op_background_p_mode\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_blend\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_blend_transparency\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_chunk_order\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_delay\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_num_plays\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_mode\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_chunk_errors\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_syntax_errors\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_sequence_errors[sequence_start.png]\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_sequence_errors[sequence_gap.png]\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_sequence_errors[sequence_repeat.png]\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_sequence_errors[sequence_repeat_chunk.png]\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_sequence_errors[sequence_reorder.png]\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_sequence_errors[sequence_reorder_chunk.png]\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_sequence_errors[sequence_fdat_fctl.png]\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_save\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_save_alpha\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_save_split_fdat\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_save_duration_loop\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_save_disposal\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_save_disposal_previous\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_save_blend\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_save_size\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_seek_after_close\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[True-True-RGBA]\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[True-True-RGB]\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[True-True-P]\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[True-False-RGBA]\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[True-False-RGB]\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[True-False-P]\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[False-True-RGBA]\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[False-True-RGB]\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[False-True-P]\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[False-False-RGBA]\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[False-False-RGB]\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_different_modes_in_later_frames[False-False-P]\u001b[0m": "PASSED",
    "\u001b[1mtest_apng_repeated_seeks_give_correct_info\u001b[0m": "PASSED"
}
diff --git a/src/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py b/src/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py
index 35f38d67c..1e5a1a464 100644
--- a/src/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py
+++ b/src/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py
@@ -1238,16 +1238,20 @@ def _save(im, fp, filename, chunk=putchunk, save_all=False):
             "default_image", im.info.get("default_image")
         )
         modes = set()
+        sizes = set()
         append_images = im.encoderinfo.get("append_images", [])
         for im_seq in itertools.chain([im], append_images):
             for im_frame in ImageSequence.Iterator(im_seq):
                 modes.add(im_frame.mode)
+                sizes.add(im_frame.size)
         for mode in ("RGBA", "RGB", "P"):
             if mode in modes:
                 break
         else:
             mode = modes.pop()
+        size = tuple(max(frame_size[i] for frame_size in sizes) for i in range(2))
     else:
+        size = im.size
         mode = im.mode
 
     if mode == "P":
@@ -1295,8 +1299,8 @@ def _save(im, fp, filename, chunk=putchunk, save_all=False):
     chunk(
         fp,
         b"IHDR",
-        o32(im.size[0]),  # 0: size
-        o32(im.size[1]),
+        o32(size[0]),  # 0: size
+        o32(size[1]),
         mode,  # 8: depth/type
         b"\0",  # 10: compression
         b"\0",  # 11: filter category
 

{"src/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py": "#\n# The Python Imaging Library.\n# $Id$\n#\n# PNG support code\n#\n# See \"PNG (Portable Network Graphics) Specification, version 1.0;\n# W3C Recommendation\", 1996-10-01, Thomas Boutell (ed.).\n#\n# history:\n# 1996-05-06 fl   Created (couldn't resist it)\n# 1996-12-14 fl   Upgraded, added read and verify support (0.2)\n# 1996-12-15 fl   Separate PNG stream parser\n# 1996-12-29 fl   Added write support, added getchunks\n# 1996-12-30 fl   Eliminated circular references in decoder (0.3)\n# 1998-07-12 fl   Read/write 16-bit images as mode I (0.4)\n# 2001-02-08 fl   Added transparency support (from Zircon) (0.5)\n# 2001-04-16 fl   Don't close data source in \"open\" method (0.6)\n# 2004-02-24 fl   Don't even pretend to support interlaced files (0.7)\n# 2004-08-31 fl   Do basic sanity check on chunk identifiers (0.8)\n# 2004-09-20 fl   Added PngInfo chunk container\n# 2004-12-18 fl   Added DPI read support (based on code by Niki Spahiev)\n# 2008-08-13 fl   Added tRNS support for RGB images\n# 2009-03-06 fl   Support for preserving ICC profiles (by Florian Hoech)\n# 2009-03-08 fl   Added zTXT support (from Lowell Alleman)\n# 2009-03-29 fl   Read interlaced PNG files (from Conrado Porto Lopes Gouvua)\n#\n# Copyright (c) 1997-2009 by Secret Labs AB\n# Copyright (c) 1996 by Fredrik Lundh\n#\n# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.\n#\nfrom __future__ import annotations\n\nimport itertools\nimport logging\nimport re\nimport struct\nimport warnings\nimport zlib\nfrom enum import IntEnum\n\nfrom . import Image, ImageChops, ImageFile, ImagePalette, ImageSequence\nfrom ._binary import i16be as i16\nfrom ._binary import i32be as i32\nfrom ._binary import o8\nfrom ._binary import o16be as o16\nfrom ._binary import o32be as o32\n\nlogger = logging.getLogger(__name__)\n\nis_cid = re.compile(rb\"\\w\\w\\w\\w\").match\n\n\n_MAGIC = b\"\\211PNG\\r\\n\\032\\n\"\n\n\n_MODES = {\n    # supported bits/color combinations, and corresponding modes/rawmodes\n    # Grayscale\n    (1, 0): (\"1\", \"1\"),\n    (2, 0): (\"L\", \"L;2\"),\n    (4, 0): (\"L\", \"L;4\"),\n    (8, 0): (\"L\", \"L\"),\n    (16, 0): (\"I;16\", \"I;16B\"),\n    # Truecolour\n    (8, 2): (\"RGB\", \"RGB\"),\n    (16, 2): (\"RGB\", \"RGB;16B\"),\n    # Indexed-colour\n    (1, 3): (\"P\", \"P;1\"),\n    (2, 3): (\"P\", \"P;2\"),\n    (4, 3): (\"P\", \"P;4\"),\n    (8, 3): (\"P\", \"P\"),\n    # Grayscale with alpha\n    (8, 4): (\"LA\", \"LA\"),\n    (16, 4): (\"RGBA\", \"LA;16B\"),  # LA;16B->LA not yet available\n    # Truecolour with alpha\n    (8, 6): (\"RGBA\", \"RGBA\"),\n    (16, 6): (\"RGBA\", \"RGBA;16B\"),\n}\n\n\n_simple_palette = re.compile(b\"^\\xff*\\x00\\xff*$\")\n\nMAX_TEXT_CHUNK = ImageFile.SAFEBLOCK\n\"\"\"\nMaximum decompressed size for a iTXt or zTXt chunk.\nEliminates decompression bombs where compressed chunks can expand 1000x.\nSee :ref:`Text in PNG File Format<png-text>`.\n\"\"\"\nMAX_TEXT_MEMORY = 64 * MAX_TEXT_CHUNK\n\"\"\"\nSet the maximum total text chunk size.\nSee :ref:`Text in PNG File Format<png-text>`.\n\"\"\"\n\n\n# APNG frame disposal modes\nclass Disposal(IntEnum):\n    OP_NONE = 0\n    \"\"\"\n    No disposal is done on this frame before rendering the next frame.\n    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.\n    \"\"\"\n    OP_BACKGROUND = 1\n    \"\"\"\n    This frame\u2019s modified region is cleared to fully transparent black before rendering\n    the next frame.\n    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.\n    \"\"\"\n    OP_PREVIOUS = 2\n    \"\"\"\n    This frame\u2019s modified region is reverted to the previous frame\u2019s contents before\n    rendering the next frame.\n    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.\n    \"\"\"\n\n\n# APNG frame blend modes\nclass Blend(IntEnum):\n    OP_SOURCE = 0\n    \"\"\"\n    All color components of this frame, including alpha, overwrite the previous output\n    image contents.\n    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.\n    \"\"\"\n    OP_OVER = 1\n    \"\"\"\n    This frame should be alpha composited with the previous output image contents.\n    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.\n    \"\"\"\n\n\ndef _safe_zlib_decompress(s):\n    dobj = zlib.decompressobj()\n    plaintext = dobj.decompress(s, MAX_TEXT_CHUNK)\n    if dobj.unconsumed_tail:\n        msg = \"Decompressed Data Too Large\"\n        raise ValueError(msg)\n    return plaintext\n\n\ndef _crc32(data, seed=0):\n    return zlib.crc32(data, seed) & 0xFFFFFFFF\n\n\n# --------------------------------------------------------------------\n# Support classes.  Suitable for PNG and related formats like MNG etc.\n\n\nclass ChunkStream:\n    def __init__(self, fp):\n        self.fp = fp\n        self.queue = []\n\n    def read(self):\n        \"\"\"Fetch a new chunk. Returns header information.\"\"\"\n        cid = None\n\n        if self.queue:\n            cid, pos, length = self.queue.pop()\n            self.fp.seek(pos)\n        else:\n            s = self.fp.read(8)\n            cid = s[4:]\n            pos = self.fp.tell()\n            length = i32(s)\n\n        if not is_cid(cid):\n            if not ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                msg = f\"broken PNG file (chunk {repr(cid)})\"\n                raise SyntaxError(msg)\n\n        return cid, pos, length\n\n    def __enter__(self):\n        return self\n\n    def __exit__(self, *args):\n        self.close()\n\n    def close(self):\n        self.queue = self.fp = None\n\n    def push(self, cid, pos, length):\n        self.queue.append((cid, pos, length))\n\n    def call(self, cid, pos, length):\n        \"\"\"Call the appropriate chunk handler\"\"\"\n\n        logger.debug(\"STREAM %r %s %s\", cid, pos, length)\n        return getattr(self, \"chunk_\" + cid.decode(\"ascii\"))(pos, length)\n\n    def crc(self, cid, data):\n        \"\"\"Read and verify checksum\"\"\"\n\n        # Skip CRC checks for ancillary chunks if allowed to load truncated\n        # images\n        # 5th byte of first char is 1 [specs, section 5.4]\n        if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES and (cid[0] >> 5 & 1):\n            self.crc_skip(cid, data)\n            return\n\n        try:\n            crc1 = _crc32(data, _crc32(cid))\n            crc2 = i32(self.fp.read(4))\n            if crc1 != crc2:\n                msg = f\"broken PNG file (bad header checksum in {repr(cid)})\"\n                raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        except struct.error as e:\n            msg = f\"broken PNG file (incomplete checksum in {repr(cid)})\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg) from e\n\n    def crc_skip(self, cid, data):\n        \"\"\"Read checksum\"\"\"\n\n        self.fp.read(4)\n\n    def verify(self, endchunk=b\"IEND\"):\n        # Simple approach; just calculate checksum for all remaining\n        # blocks.  Must be called directly after open.\n\n        cids = []\n\n        while True:\n            try:\n                cid, pos, length = self.read()\n            except struct.error as e:\n                msg = \"truncated PNG file\"\n                raise OSError(msg) from e\n\n            if cid == endchunk:\n                break\n            self.crc(cid, ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length))\n            cids.append(cid)\n\n        return cids\n\n\nclass iTXt(str):\n    \"\"\"\n    Subclass of string to allow iTXt chunks to look like strings while\n    keeping their extra information\n\n    \"\"\"\n\n    @staticmethod\n    def __new__(cls, text, lang=None, tkey=None):\n        \"\"\"\n        :param cls: the class to use when creating the instance\n        :param text: value for this key\n        :param lang: language code\n        :param tkey: UTF-8 version of the key name\n        \"\"\"\n\n        self = str.__new__(cls, text)\n        self.lang = lang\n        self.tkey = tkey\n        return self\n\n\nclass PngInfo:\n    \"\"\"\n    PNG chunk container (for use with save(pnginfo=))\n\n    \"\"\"\n\n    def __init__(self):\n        self.chunks = []\n\n    def add(self, cid, data, after_idat=False):\n        \"\"\"Appends an arbitrary chunk. Use with caution.\n\n        :param cid: a byte string, 4 bytes long.\n        :param data: a byte string of the encoded data\n        :param after_idat: for use with private chunks. Whether the chunk\n                           should be written after IDAT\n\n        \"\"\"\n\n        chunk = [cid, data]\n        if after_idat:\n            chunk.append(True)\n        self.chunks.append(tuple(chunk))\n\n    def add_itxt(self, key, value, lang=\"\", tkey=\"\", zip=False):\n        \"\"\"Appends an iTXt chunk.\n\n        :param key: latin-1 encodable text key name\n        :param value: value for this key\n        :param lang: language code\n        :param tkey: UTF-8 version of the key name\n        :param zip: compression flag\n\n        \"\"\"\n\n        if not isinstance(key, bytes):\n            key = key.encode(\"latin-1\", \"strict\")\n        if not isinstance(value, bytes):\n            value = value.encode(\"utf-8\", \"strict\")\n        if not isinstance(lang, bytes):\n            lang = lang.encode(\"utf-8\", \"strict\")\n        if not isinstance(tkey, bytes):\n            tkey = tkey.encode(\"utf-8\", \"strict\")\n\n        if zip:\n            self.add(\n                b\"iTXt\",\n                key + b\"\\0\\x01\\0\" + lang + b\"\\0\" + tkey + b\"\\0\" + zlib.compress(value),\n            )\n        else:\n            self.add(b\"iTXt\", key + b\"\\0\\0\\0\" + lang + b\"\\0\" + tkey + b\"\\0\" + value)\n\n    def add_text(self, key, value, zip=False):\n        \"\"\"Appends a text chunk.\n\n        :param key: latin-1 encodable text key name\n        :param value: value for this key, text or an\n           :py:class:`PIL.PngImagePlugin.iTXt` instance\n        :param zip: compression flag\n\n        \"\"\"\n        if isinstance(value, iTXt):\n            return self.add_itxt(key, value, value.lang, value.tkey, zip=zip)\n\n        # The tEXt chunk stores latin-1 text\n        if not isinstance(value, bytes):\n            try:\n                value = value.encode(\"latin-1\", \"strict\")\n            except UnicodeError:\n                return self.add_itxt(key, value, zip=zip)\n\n        if not isinstance(key, bytes):\n            key = key.encode(\"latin-1\", \"strict\")\n\n        if zip:\n            self.add(b\"zTXt\", key + b\"\\0\\0\" + zlib.compress(value))\n        else:\n            self.add(b\"tEXt\", key + b\"\\0\" + value)\n\n\n# --------------------------------------------------------------------\n# PNG image stream (IHDR/IEND)\n\n\nclass PngStream(ChunkStream):\n    def __init__(self, fp):\n        super().__init__(fp)\n\n        # local copies of Image attributes\n        self.im_info = {}\n        self.im_text = {}\n        self.im_size = (0, 0)\n        self.im_mode = None\n        self.im_tile = None\n        self.im_palette = None\n        self.im_custom_mimetype = None\n        self.im_n_frames = None\n        self._seq_num = None\n        self.rewind_state = None\n\n        self.text_memory = 0\n\n    def check_text_memory(self, chunklen):\n        self.text_memory += chunklen\n        if self.text_memory > MAX_TEXT_MEMORY:\n            msg = (\n                \"Too much memory used in text chunks: \"\n                f\"{self.text_memory}>MAX_TEXT_MEMORY\"\n            )\n            raise ValueError(msg)\n\n    def save_rewind(self):\n        self.rewind_state = {\n            \"info\": self.im_info.copy(),\n            \"tile\": self.im_tile,\n            \"seq_num\": self._seq_num,\n        }\n\n    def rewind(self):\n        self.im_info = self.rewind_state[\"info\"].copy()\n        self.im_tile = self.rewind_state[\"tile\"]\n        self._seq_num = self.rewind_state[\"seq_num\"]\n\n    def chunk_iCCP(self, pos, length):\n        # ICC profile\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        # according to PNG spec, the iCCP chunk contains:\n        # Profile name  1-79 bytes (character string)\n        # Null separator        1 byte (null character)\n        # Compression method    1 byte (0)\n        # Compressed profile    n bytes (zlib with deflate compression)\n        i = s.find(b\"\\0\")\n        logger.debug(\"iCCP profile name %r\", s[:i])\n        logger.debug(\"Compression method %s\", s[i])\n        comp_method = s[i]\n        if comp_method != 0:\n            msg = f\"Unknown compression method {comp_method} in iCCP chunk\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        try:\n            icc_profile = _safe_zlib_decompress(s[i + 2 :])\n        except ValueError:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                icc_profile = None\n            else:\n                raise\n        except zlib.error:\n            icc_profile = None  # FIXME\n        self.im_info[\"icc_profile\"] = icc_profile\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_IHDR(self, pos, length):\n        # image header\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        if length < 13:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                return s\n            msg = \"Truncated IHDR chunk\"\n            raise ValueError(msg)\n        self.im_size = i32(s, 0), i32(s, 4)\n        try:\n            self.im_mode, self.im_rawmode = _MODES[(s[8], s[9])]\n        except Exception:\n            pass\n        if s[12]:\n            self.im_info[\"interlace\"] = 1\n        if s[11]:\n            msg = \"unknown filter category\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_IDAT(self, pos, length):\n        # image data\n        if \"bbox\" in self.im_info:\n            tile = [(\"zip\", self.im_info[\"bbox\"], pos, self.im_rawmode)]\n        else:\n            if self.im_n_frames is not None:\n                self.im_info[\"default_image\"] = True\n            tile = [(\"zip\", (0, 0) + self.im_size, pos, self.im_rawmode)]\n        self.im_tile = tile\n        self.im_idat = length\n        msg = \"image data found\"\n        raise EOFError(msg)\n\n    def chunk_IEND(self, pos, length):\n        msg = \"end of PNG image\"\n        raise EOFError(msg)\n\n    def chunk_PLTE(self, pos, length):\n        # palette\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        if self.im_mode == \"P\":\n            self.im_palette = \"RGB\", s\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_tRNS(self, pos, length):\n        # transparency\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        if self.im_mode == \"P\":\n            if _simple_palette.match(s):\n                # tRNS contains only one full-transparent entry,\n                # other entries are full opaque\n                i = s.find(b\"\\0\")\n                if i >= 0:\n                    self.im_info[\"transparency\"] = i\n            else:\n                # otherwise, we have a byte string with one alpha value\n                # for each palette entry\n                self.im_info[\"transparency\"] = s\n        elif self.im_mode in (\"1\", \"L\", \"I;16\"):\n            self.im_info[\"transparency\"] = i16(s)\n        elif self.im_mode == \"RGB\":\n            self.im_info[\"transparency\"] = i16(s), i16(s, 2), i16(s, 4)\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_gAMA(self, pos, length):\n        # gamma setting\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        self.im_info[\"gamma\"] = i32(s) / 100000.0\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_cHRM(self, pos, length):\n        # chromaticity, 8 unsigned ints, actual value is scaled by 100,000\n        # WP x,y, Red x,y, Green x,y Blue x,y\n\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        raw_vals = struct.unpack(\">%dI\" % (len(s) // 4), s)\n        self.im_info[\"chromaticity\"] = tuple(elt / 100000.0 for elt in raw_vals)\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_sRGB(self, pos, length):\n        # srgb rendering intent, 1 byte\n        # 0 perceptual\n        # 1 relative colorimetric\n        # 2 saturation\n        # 3 absolute colorimetric\n\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        if length < 1:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                return s\n            msg = \"Truncated sRGB chunk\"\n            raise ValueError(msg)\n        self.im_info[\"srgb\"] = s[0]\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_pHYs(self, pos, length):\n        # pixels per unit\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        if length < 9:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                return s\n            msg = \"Truncated pHYs chunk\"\n            raise ValueError(msg)\n        px, py = i32(s, 0), i32(s, 4)\n        unit = s[8]\n        if unit == 1:  # meter\n            dpi = px * 0.0254, py * 0.0254\n            self.im_info[\"dpi\"] = dpi\n        elif unit == 0:\n            self.im_info[\"aspect\"] = px, py\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_tEXt(self, pos, length):\n        # text\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        try:\n            k, v = s.split(b\"\\0\", 1)\n        except ValueError:\n            # fallback for broken tEXt tags\n            k = s\n            v = b\"\"\n        if k:\n            k = k.decode(\"latin-1\", \"strict\")\n            v_str = v.decode(\"latin-1\", \"replace\")\n\n            self.im_info[k] = v if k == \"exif\" else v_str\n            self.im_text[k] = v_str\n            self.check_text_memory(len(v_str))\n\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_zTXt(self, pos, length):\n        # compressed text\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        try:\n            k, v = s.split(b\"\\0\", 1)\n        except ValueError:\n            k = s\n            v = b\"\"\n        if v:\n            comp_method = v[0]\n        else:\n            comp_method = 0\n        if comp_method != 0:\n            msg = f\"Unknown compression method {comp_method} in zTXt chunk\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        try:\n            v = _safe_zlib_decompress(v[1:])\n        except ValueError:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                v = b\"\"\n            else:\n                raise\n        except zlib.error:\n            v = b\"\"\n\n        if k:\n            k = k.decode(\"latin-1\", \"strict\")\n            v = v.decode(\"latin-1\", \"replace\")\n\n            self.im_info[k] = self.im_text[k] = v\n            self.check_text_memory(len(v))\n\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_iTXt(self, pos, length):\n        # international text\n        r = s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        try:\n            k, r = r.split(b\"\\0\", 1)\n        except ValueError:\n            return s\n        if len(r) < 2:\n            return s\n        cf, cm, r = r[0], r[1], r[2:]\n        try:\n            lang, tk, v = r.split(b\"\\0\", 2)\n        except ValueError:\n            return s\n        if cf != 0:\n            if cm == 0:\n                try:\n                    v = _safe_zlib_decompress(v)\n                except ValueError:\n                    if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                        return s\n                    else:\n                        raise\n                except zlib.error:\n                    return s\n            else:\n                return s\n        try:\n            k = k.decode(\"latin-1\", \"strict\")\n            lang = lang.decode(\"utf-8\", \"strict\")\n            tk = tk.decode(\"utf-8\", \"strict\")\n            v = v.decode(\"utf-8\", \"strict\")\n        except UnicodeError:\n            return s\n\n        self.im_info[k] = self.im_text[k] = iTXt(v, lang, tk)\n        self.check_text_memory(len(v))\n\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_eXIf(self, pos, length):\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        self.im_info[\"exif\"] = b\"Exif\\x00\\x00\" + s\n        return s\n\n    # APNG chunks\n    def chunk_acTL(self, pos, length):\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        if length < 8:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                return s\n            msg = \"APNG contains truncated acTL chunk\"\n            raise ValueError(msg)\n        if self.im_n_frames is not None:\n            self.im_n_frames = None\n            warnings.warn(\"Invalid APNG, will use default PNG image if possible\")\n            return s\n        n_frames = i32(s)\n        if n_frames == 0 or n_frames > 0x80000000:\n            warnings.warn(\"Invalid APNG, will use default PNG image if possible\")\n            return s\n        self.im_n_frames = n_frames\n        self.im_info[\"loop\"] = i32(s, 4)\n        self.im_custom_mimetype = \"image/apng\"\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_fcTL(self, pos, length):\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n        if length < 26:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                return s\n            msg = \"APNG contains truncated fcTL chunk\"\n            raise ValueError(msg)\n        seq = i32(s)\n        if (self._seq_num is None and seq != 0) or (\n            self._seq_num is not None and self._seq_num != seq - 1\n        ):\n            msg = \"APNG contains frame sequence errors\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        self._seq_num = seq\n        width, height = i32(s, 4), i32(s, 8)\n        px, py = i32(s, 12), i32(s, 16)\n        im_w, im_h = self.im_size\n        if px + width > im_w or py + height > im_h:\n            msg = \"APNG contains invalid frames\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        self.im_info[\"bbox\"] = (px, py, px + width, py + height)\n        delay_num, delay_den = i16(s, 20), i16(s, 22)\n        if delay_den == 0:\n            delay_den = 100\n        self.im_info[\"duration\"] = float(delay_num) / float(delay_den) * 1000\n        self.im_info[\"disposal\"] = s[24]\n        self.im_info[\"blend\"] = s[25]\n        return s\n\n    def chunk_fdAT(self, pos, length):\n        if length < 4:\n            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n                return s\n            msg = \"APNG contains truncated fDAT chunk\"\n            raise ValueError(msg)\n        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, 4)\n        seq = i32(s)\n        if self._seq_num != seq - 1:\n            msg = \"APNG contains frame sequence errors\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        self._seq_num = seq\n        return self.chunk_IDAT(pos + 4, length - 4)\n\n\n# --------------------------------------------------------------------\n# PNG reader\n\n\ndef _accept(prefix):\n    return prefix[:8] == _MAGIC\n\n\n##\n# Image plugin for PNG images.\n\n\nclass PngImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):\n    format = \"PNG\"\n    format_description = \"Portable network graphics\"\n\n    def _open(self):\n        if not _accept(self.fp.read(8)):\n            msg = \"not a PNG file\"\n            raise SyntaxError(msg)\n        self._fp = self.fp\n        self.__frame = 0\n\n        #\n        # Parse headers up to the first IDAT or fDAT chunk\n\n        self.private_chunks = []\n        self.png = PngStream(self.fp)\n\n        while True:\n            #\n            # get next chunk\n\n            cid, pos, length = self.png.read()\n\n            try:\n                s = self.png.call(cid, pos, length)\n            except EOFError:\n                break\n            except AttributeError:\n                logger.debug(\"%r %s %s (unknown)\", cid, pos, length)\n                s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n                if cid[1:2].islower():\n                    self.private_chunks.append((cid, s))\n\n            self.png.crc(cid, s)\n\n        #\n        # Copy relevant attributes from the PngStream.  An alternative\n        # would be to let the PngStream class modify these attributes\n        # directly, but that introduces circular references which are\n        # difficult to break if things go wrong in the decoder...\n        # (believe me, I've tried ;-)\n\n        self._mode = self.png.im_mode\n        self._size = self.png.im_size\n        self.info = self.png.im_info\n        self._text = None\n        self.tile = self.png.im_tile\n        self.custom_mimetype = self.png.im_custom_mimetype\n        self.n_frames = self.png.im_n_frames or 1\n        self.default_image = self.info.get(\"default_image\", False)\n\n        if self.png.im_palette:\n            rawmode, data = self.png.im_palette\n            self.palette = ImagePalette.raw(rawmode, data)\n\n        if cid == b\"fdAT\":\n            self.__prepare_idat = length - 4\n        else:\n            self.__prepare_idat = length  # used by load_prepare()\n\n        if self.png.im_n_frames is not None:\n            self._close_exclusive_fp_after_loading = False\n            self.png.save_rewind()\n            self.__rewind_idat = self.__prepare_idat\n            self.__rewind = self._fp.tell()\n            if self.default_image:\n                # IDAT chunk contains default image and not first animation frame\n                self.n_frames += 1\n            self._seek(0)\n        self.is_animated = self.n_frames > 1\n\n    @property\n    def text(self):\n        # experimental\n        if self._text is None:\n            # iTxt, tEXt and zTXt chunks may appear at the end of the file\n            # So load the file to ensure that they are read\n            if self.is_animated:\n                frame = self.__frame\n                # for APNG, seek to the final frame before loading\n                self.seek(self.n_frames - 1)\n            self.load()\n            if self.is_animated:\n                self.seek(frame)\n        return self._text\n\n    def verify(self):\n        \"\"\"Verify PNG file\"\"\"\n\n        if self.fp is None:\n            msg = \"verify must be called directly after open\"\n            raise RuntimeError(msg)\n\n        # back up to beginning of IDAT block\n        self.fp.seek(self.tile[0][2] - 8)\n\n        self.png.verify()\n        self.png.close()\n\n        if self._exclusive_fp:\n            self.fp.close()\n        self.fp = None\n\n    def seek(self, frame):\n        if not self._seek_check(frame):\n            return\n        if frame < self.__frame:\n            self._seek(0, True)\n\n        last_frame = self.__frame\n        for f in range(self.__frame + 1, frame + 1):\n            try:\n                self._seek(f)\n            except EOFError as e:\n                self.seek(last_frame)\n                msg = \"no more images in APNG file\"\n                raise EOFError(msg) from e\n\n    def _seek(self, frame, rewind=False):\n        if frame == 0:\n            if rewind:\n                self._fp.seek(self.__rewind)\n                self.png.rewind()\n                self.__prepare_idat = self.__rewind_idat\n                self.im = None\n                if self.pyaccess:\n                    self.pyaccess = None\n                self.info = self.png.im_info\n                self.tile = self.png.im_tile\n                self.fp = self._fp\n            self._prev_im = None\n            self.dispose = None\n            self.default_image = self.info.get(\"default_image\", False)\n            self.dispose_op = self.info.get(\"disposal\")\n            self.blend_op = self.info.get(\"blend\")\n            self.dispose_extent = self.info.get(\"bbox\")\n            self.__frame = 0\n        else:\n            if frame != self.__frame + 1:\n                msg = f\"cannot seek to frame {frame}\"\n                raise ValueError(msg)\n\n            # ensure previous frame was loaded\n            self.load()\n\n            if self.dispose:\n                self.im.paste(self.dispose, self.dispose_extent)\n            self._prev_im = self.im.copy()\n\n            self.fp = self._fp\n\n            # advance to the next frame\n            if self.__prepare_idat:\n                ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, self.__prepare_idat)\n                self.__prepare_idat = 0\n            frame_start = False\n            while True:\n                self.fp.read(4)  # CRC\n\n                try:\n                    cid, pos, length = self.png.read()\n                except (struct.error, SyntaxError):\n                    break\n\n                if cid == b\"IEND\":\n                    msg = \"No more images in APNG file\"\n                    raise EOFError(msg)\n                if cid == b\"fcTL\":\n                    if frame_start:\n                        # there must be at least one fdAT chunk between fcTL chunks\n                        msg = \"APNG missing frame data\"\n                        raise SyntaxError(msg)\n                    frame_start = True\n\n                try:\n                    self.png.call(cid, pos, length)\n                except UnicodeDecodeError:\n                    break\n                except EOFError:\n                    if cid == b\"fdAT\":\n                        length -= 4\n                        if frame_start:\n                            self.__prepare_idat = length\n                            break\n                    ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n                except AttributeError:\n                    logger.debug(\"%r %s %s (unknown)\", cid, pos, length)\n                    ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n\n            self.__frame = frame\n            self.tile = self.png.im_tile\n            self.dispose_op = self.info.get(\"disposal\")\n            self.blend_op = self.info.get(\"blend\")\n            self.dispose_extent = self.info.get(\"bbox\")\n\n            if not self.tile:\n                msg = \"image not found in APNG frame\"\n                raise EOFError(msg)\n\n        # setup frame disposal (actual disposal done when needed in the next _seek())\n        if self._prev_im is None and self.dispose_op == Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS:\n            self.dispose_op = Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND\n\n        if self.dispose_op == Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS:\n            self.dispose = self._prev_im.copy()\n            self.dispose = self._crop(self.dispose, self.dispose_extent)\n        elif self.dispose_op == Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND:\n            self.dispose = Image.core.fill(self.mode, self.size)\n            self.dispose = self._crop(self.dispose, self.dispose_extent)\n        else:\n            self.dispose = None\n\n    def tell(self):\n        return self.__frame\n\n    def load_prepare(self):\n        \"\"\"internal: prepare to read PNG file\"\"\"\n\n        if self.info.get(\"interlace\"):\n            self.decoderconfig = self.decoderconfig + (1,)\n\n        self.__idat = self.__prepare_idat  # used by load_read()\n        ImageFile.ImageFile.load_prepare(self)\n\n    def load_read(self, read_bytes):\n        \"\"\"internal: read more image data\"\"\"\n\n        while self.__idat == 0:\n            # end of chunk, skip forward to next one\n\n            self.fp.read(4)  # CRC\n\n            cid, pos, length = self.png.read()\n\n            if cid not in [b\"IDAT\", b\"DDAT\", b\"fdAT\"]:\n                self.png.push(cid, pos, length)\n                return b\"\"\n\n            if cid == b\"fdAT\":\n                try:\n                    self.png.call(cid, pos, length)\n                except EOFError:\n                    pass\n                self.__idat = length - 4  # sequence_num has already been read\n            else:\n                self.__idat = length  # empty chunks are allowed\n\n        # read more data from this chunk\n        if read_bytes <= 0:\n            read_bytes = self.__idat\n        else:\n            read_bytes = min(read_bytes, self.__idat)\n\n        self.__idat = self.__idat - read_bytes\n\n        return self.fp.read(read_bytes)\n\n    def load_end(self):\n        \"\"\"internal: finished reading image data\"\"\"\n        if self.__idat != 0:\n            self.fp.read(self.__idat)\n        while True:\n            self.fp.read(4)  # CRC\n\n            try:\n                cid, pos, length = self.png.read()\n            except (struct.error, SyntaxError):\n                break\n\n            if cid == b\"IEND\":\n                break\n            elif cid == b\"fcTL\" and self.is_animated:\n                # start of the next frame, stop reading\n                self.__prepare_idat = 0\n                self.png.push(cid, pos, length)\n                break\n\n            try:\n                self.png.call(cid, pos, length)\n            except UnicodeDecodeError:\n                break\n            except EOFError:\n                if cid == b\"fdAT\":\n                    length -= 4\n                try:\n                    ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n                except OSError as e:\n                    if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:\n                        break\n                    else:\n                        raise e\n            except AttributeError:\n                logger.debug(\"%r %s %s (unknown)\", cid, pos, length)\n                s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)\n                if cid[1:2].islower():\n                    self.private_chunks.append((cid, s, True))\n        self._text = self.png.im_text\n        if not self.is_animated:\n            self.png.close()\n            self.png = None\n        else:\n            if self._prev_im and self.blend_op == Blend.OP_OVER:\n                updated = self._crop(self.im, self.dispose_extent)\n                if self.im.mode == \"RGB\" and \"transparency\" in self.info:\n                    mask = updated.convert_transparent(\n                        \"RGBA\", self.info[\"transparency\"]\n                    )\n                else:\n                    mask = updated.convert(\"RGBA\")\n                self._prev_im.paste(updated, self.dispose_extent, mask)\n                self.im = self._prev_im\n                if self.pyaccess:\n                    self.pyaccess = None\n\n    def _getexif(self):\n        if \"exif\" not in self.info:\n            self.load()\n        if \"exif\" not in self.info and \"Raw profile type exif\" not in self.info:\n            return None\n        return self.getexif()._get_merged_dict()\n\n    def getexif(self):\n        if \"exif\" not in self.info:\n            self.load()\n\n        return super().getexif()\n\n    def getxmp(self):\n        \"\"\"\n        Returns a dictionary containing the XMP tags.\n        Requires defusedxml to be installed.\n\n        :returns: XMP tags in a dictionary.\n        \"\"\"\n        return (\n            self._getxmp(self.info[\"XML:com.adobe.xmp\"])\n            if \"XML:com.adobe.xmp\" in self.info\n            else {}\n        )\n\n\n# --------------------------------------------------------------------\n# PNG writer\n\n_OUTMODES = {\n    # supported PIL modes, and corresponding rawmodes/bits/color combinations\n    \"1\": (\"1\", b\"\\x01\\x00\"),\n    \"L;1\": (\"L;1\", b\"\\x01\\x00\"),\n    \"L;2\": (\"L;2\", b\"\\x02\\x00\"),\n    \"L;4\": (\"L;4\", b\"\\x04\\x00\"),\n    \"L\": (\"L\", b\"\\x08\\x00\"),\n    \"LA\": (\"LA\", b\"\\x08\\x04\"),\n    \"I\": (\"I;16B\", b\"\\x10\\x00\"),\n    \"I;16\": (\"I;16B\", b\"\\x10\\x00\"),\n    \"I;16B\": (\"I;16B\", b\"\\x10\\x00\"),\n    \"P;1\": (\"P;1\", b\"\\x01\\x03\"),\n    \"P;2\": (\"P;2\", b\"\\x02\\x03\"),\n    \"P;4\": (\"P;4\", b\"\\x04\\x03\"),\n    \"P\": (\"P\", b\"\\x08\\x03\"),\n    \"RGB\": (\"RGB\", b\"\\x08\\x02\"),\n    \"RGBA\": (\"RGBA\", b\"\\x08\\x06\"),\n}\n\n\ndef putchunk(fp, cid, *data):\n    \"\"\"Write a PNG chunk (including CRC field)\"\"\"\n\n    data = b\"\".join(data)\n\n    fp.write(o32(len(data)) + cid)\n    fp.write(data)\n    crc = _crc32(data, _crc32(cid))\n    fp.write(o32(crc))\n\n\nclass _idat:\n    # wrap output from the encoder in IDAT chunks\n\n    def __init__(self, fp, chunk):\n        self.fp = fp\n        self.chunk = chunk\n\n    def write(self, data):\n        self.chunk(self.fp, b\"IDAT\", data)\n\n\nclass _fdat:\n    # wrap encoder output in fdAT chunks\n\n    def __init__(self, fp, chunk, seq_num):\n        self.fp = fp\n        self.chunk = chunk\n        self.seq_num = seq_num\n\n    def write(self, data):\n        self.chunk(self.fp, b\"fdAT\", o32(self.seq_num), data)\n        self.seq_num += 1\n\n\ndef _write_multiple_frames(im, fp, chunk, rawmode, default_image, append_images):\n    duration = im.encoderinfo.get(\"duration\", im.info.get(\"duration\", 0))\n    loop = im.encoderinfo.get(\"loop\", im.info.get(\"loop\", 0))\n    disposal = im.encoderinfo.get(\"disposal\", im.info.get(\"disposal\", Disposal.OP_NONE))\n    blend = im.encoderinfo.get(\"blend\", im.info.get(\"blend\", Blend.OP_SOURCE))\n\n    if default_image:\n        chain = itertools.chain(append_images)\n    else:\n        chain = itertools.chain([im], append_images)\n\n    im_frames = []\n    frame_count = 0\n    for im_seq in chain:\n        for im_frame in ImageSequence.Iterator(im_seq):\n            if im_frame.mode == rawmode:\n                im_frame = im_frame.copy()\n            else:\n                im_frame = im_frame.convert(rawmode)\n            encoderinfo = im.encoderinfo.copy()\n            if isinstance(duration, (list, tuple)):\n                encoderinfo[\"duration\"] = duration[frame_count]\n            if isinstance(disposal, (list, tuple)):\n                encoderinfo[\"disposal\"] = disposal[frame_count]\n            if isinstance(blend, (list, tuple)):\n                encoderinfo[\"blend\"] = blend[frame_count]\n            frame_count += 1\n\n            if im_frames:\n                previous = im_frames[-1]\n                prev_disposal = previous[\"encoderinfo\"].get(\"disposal\")\n                prev_blend = previous[\"encoderinfo\"].get(\"blend\")\n                if prev_disposal == Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS and len(im_frames) < 2:\n                    prev_disposal = Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND\n\n                if prev_disposal == Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND:\n                    base_im = previous[\"im\"].copy()\n                    dispose = Image.core.fill(\"RGBA\", im.size, (0, 0, 0, 0))\n                    bbox = previous[\"bbox\"]\n                    if bbox:\n                        dispose = dispose.crop(bbox)\n                    else:\n                        bbox = (0, 0) + im.size\n                    base_im.paste(dispose, bbox)\n                elif prev_disposal == Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS:\n                    base_im = im_frames[-2][\"im\"]\n                else:\n                    base_im = previous[\"im\"]\n                delta = ImageChops.subtract_modulo(\n                    im_frame.convert(\"RGBA\"), base_im.convert(\"RGBA\")\n                )\n                bbox = delta.getbbox(alpha_only=False)\n                if (\n                    not bbox\n                    and prev_disposal == encoderinfo.get(\"disposal\")\n                    and prev_blend == encoderinfo.get(\"blend\")\n                ):\n                    previous[\"encoderinfo\"][\"duration\"] += encoderinfo.get(\n                        \"duration\", duration\n                    )\n                    continue\n            else:\n                bbox = None\n            if \"duration\" not in encoderinfo:\n                encoderinfo[\"duration\"] = duration\n            im_frames.append({\"im\": im_frame, \"bbox\": bbox, \"encoderinfo\": encoderinfo})\n\n    if len(im_frames) == 1 and not default_image:\n        return im_frames[0][\"im\"]\n\n    # animation control\n    chunk(\n        fp,\n        b\"acTL\",\n        o32(len(im_frames)),  # 0: num_frames\n        o32(loop),  # 4: num_plays\n    )\n\n    # default image IDAT (if it exists)\n    if default_image:\n        if im.mode != rawmode:\n            im = im.convert(rawmode)\n        ImageFile._save(im, _idat(fp, chunk), [(\"zip\", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, rawmode)])\n\n    seq_num = 0\n    for frame, frame_data in enumerate(im_frames):\n        im_frame = frame_data[\"im\"]\n        if not frame_data[\"bbox\"]:\n            bbox = (0, 0) + im_frame.size\n        else:\n            bbox = frame_data[\"bbox\"]\n            im_frame = im_frame.crop(bbox)\n        size = im_frame.size\n        encoderinfo = frame_data[\"encoderinfo\"]\n        frame_duration = int(round(encoderinfo[\"duration\"]))\n        frame_disposal = encoderinfo.get(\"disposal\", disposal)\n        frame_blend = encoderinfo.get(\"blend\", blend)\n        # frame control\n        chunk(\n            fp,\n            b\"fcTL\",\n            o32(seq_num),  # sequence_number\n            o32(size[0]),  # width\n            o32(size[1]),  # height\n            o32(bbox[0]),  # x_offset\n            o32(bbox[1]),  # y_offset\n            o16(frame_duration),  # delay_numerator\n            o16(1000),  # delay_denominator\n            o8(frame_disposal),  # dispose_op\n            o8(frame_blend),  # blend_op\n        )\n        seq_num += 1\n        # frame data\n        if frame == 0 and not default_image:\n            # first frame must be in IDAT chunks for backwards compatibility\n            ImageFile._save(\n                im_frame,\n                _idat(fp, chunk),\n                [(\"zip\", (0, 0) + im_frame.size, 0, rawmode)],\n            )\n        else:\n            fdat_chunks = _fdat(fp, chunk, seq_num)\n            ImageFile._save(\n                im_frame,\n                fdat_chunks,\n                [(\"zip\", (0, 0) + im_frame.size, 0, rawmode)],\n            )\n            seq_num = fdat_chunks.seq_num\n\n\ndef _save_all(im, fp, filename):\n    _save(im, fp, filename, save_all=True)\n\n\ndef _save(im, fp, filename, chunk=putchunk, save_all=False):\n    # save an image to disk (called by the save method)\n\n    if save_all:\n        default_image = im.encoderinfo.get(\n            \"default_image\", im.info.get(\"default_image\")\n        )\n        modes = set()\n        append_images = im.encoderinfo.get(\"append_images\", [])\n        for im_seq in itertools.chain([im], append_images):\n            for im_frame in ImageSequence.Iterator(im_seq):\n                modes.add(im_frame.mode)\n        for mode in (\"RGBA\", \"RGB\", \"P\"):\n            if mode in modes:\n                break\n        else:\n            mode = modes.pop()\n    else:\n        mode = im.mode\n\n    if mode == \"P\":\n        #\n        # attempt to minimize storage requirements for palette images\n        if \"bits\" in im.encoderinfo:\n            # number of bits specified by user\n            colors = min(1 << im.encoderinfo[\"bits\"], 256)\n        else:\n            # check palette contents\n            if im.palette:\n                colors = max(min(len(im.palette.getdata()[1]) // 3, 256), 1)\n            else:\n                colors = 256\n\n        if colors <= 16:\n            if colors <= 2:\n                bits = 1\n            elif colors <= 4:\n                bits = 2\n            else:\n                bits = 4\n            mode = f\"{mode};{bits}\"\n\n    # encoder options\n    im.encoderconfig = (\n        im.encoderinfo.get(\"optimize\", False),\n        im.encoderinfo.get(\"compress_level\", -1),\n        im.encoderinfo.get(\"compress_type\", -1),\n        im.encoderinfo.get(\"dictionary\", b\"\"),\n    )\n\n    # get the corresponding PNG mode\n    try:\n        rawmode, mode = _OUTMODES[mode]\n    except KeyError as e:\n        msg = f\"cannot write mode {mode} as PNG\"\n        raise OSError(msg) from e\n\n    #\n    # write minimal PNG file\n\n    fp.write(_MAGIC)\n\n    chunk(\n        fp,\n        b\"IHDR\",\n        o32(im.size[0]),  # 0: size\n        o32(im.size[1]),\n        mode,  # 8: depth/type\n        b\"\\0\",  # 10: compression\n        b\"\\0\",  # 11: filter category\n        b\"\\0\",  # 12: interlace flag\n    )\n\n    chunks = [b\"cHRM\", b\"gAMA\", b\"sBIT\", b\"sRGB\", b\"tIME\"]\n\n    icc = im.encoderinfo.get(\"icc_profile\", im.info.get(\"icc_profile\"))\n    if icc:\n        # ICC profile\n        # according to PNG spec, the iCCP chunk contains:\n        # Profile name  1-79 bytes (character string)\n        # Null separator        1 byte (null character)\n        # Compression method    1 byte (0)\n        # Compressed profile    n bytes (zlib with deflate compression)\n        name = b\"ICC Profile\"\n        data = name + b\"\\0\\0\" + zlib.compress(icc)\n        chunk(fp, b\"iCCP\", data)\n\n        # You must either have sRGB or iCCP.\n        # Disallow sRGB chunks when an iCCP-chunk has been emitted.\n        chunks.remove(b\"sRGB\")\n\n    info = im.encoderinfo.get(\"pnginfo\")\n    if info:\n        chunks_multiple_allowed = [b\"sPLT\", b\"iTXt\", b\"tEXt\", b\"zTXt\"]\n        for info_chunk in info.chunks:\n            cid, data = info_chunk[:2]\n            if cid in chunks:\n                chunks.remove(cid)\n                chunk(fp, cid, data)\n            elif cid in chunks_multiple_allowed:\n                chunk(fp, cid, data)\n            elif cid[1:2].islower():\n                # Private chunk\n                after_idat = info_chunk[2:3]\n                if not after_idat:\n                    chunk(fp, cid, data)\n\n    if im.mode == \"P\":\n        palette_byte_number = colors * 3\n        palette_bytes = im.im.getpalette(\"RGB\")[:palette_byte_number]\n        while len(palette_bytes) < palette_byte_number:\n            palette_bytes += b\"\\0\"\n        chunk(fp, b\"PLTE\", palette_bytes)\n\n    transparency = im.encoderinfo.get(\"transparency\", im.info.get(\"transparency\", None))\n\n    if transparency or transparency == 0:\n        if im.mode == \"P\":\n            # limit to actual palette size\n            alpha_bytes = colors\n            if isinstance(transparency, bytes):\n                chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", transparency[:alpha_bytes])\n            else:\n                transparency = max(0, min(255, transparency))\n                alpha = b\"\\xFF\" * transparency + b\"\\0\"\n                chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", alpha[:alpha_bytes])\n        elif im.mode in (\"1\", \"L\", \"I\", \"I;16\"):\n            transparency = max(0, min(65535, transparency))\n            chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", o16(transparency))\n        elif im.mode == \"RGB\":\n            red, green, blue = transparency\n            chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", o16(red) + o16(green) + o16(blue))\n        else:\n            if \"transparency\" in im.encoderinfo:\n                # don't bother with transparency if it's an RGBA\n                # and it's in the info dict. It's probably just stale.\n                msg = \"cannot use transparency for this mode\"\n                raise OSError(msg)\n    else:\n        if im.mode == \"P\" and im.im.getpalettemode() == \"RGBA\":\n            alpha = im.im.getpalette(\"RGBA\", \"A\")\n            alpha_bytes = colors\n            chunk(fp, b\"tRNS\", alpha[:alpha_bytes])\n\n    dpi = im.encoderinfo.get(\"dpi\")\n    if dpi:\n        chunk(\n            fp,\n            b\"pHYs\",\n            o32(int(dpi[0] / 0.0254 + 0.5)),\n            o32(int(dpi[1] / 0.0254 + 0.5)),\n            b\"\\x01\",\n        )\n\n    if info:\n        chunks = [b\"bKGD\", b\"hIST\"]\n        for info_chunk in info.chunks:\n            cid, data = info_chunk[:2]\n            if cid in chunks:\n                chunks.remove(cid)\n                chunk(fp, cid, data)\n\n    exif = im.encoderinfo.get(\"exif\")\n    if exif:\n        if isinstance(exif, Image.Exif):\n            exif = exif.tobytes(8)\n        if exif.startswith(b\"Exif\\x00\\x00\"):\n            exif = exif[6:]\n        chunk(fp, b\"eXIf\", exif)\n\n    if save_all:\n        im = _write_multiple_frames(\n            im, fp, chunk, rawmode, default_image, append_images\n        )\n    if im:\n        ImageFile._save(im, _idat(fp, chunk), [(\"zip\", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, rawmode)])\n\n    if info:\n        for info_chunk in info.chunks:\n            cid, data = info_chunk[:2]\n            if cid[1:2].islower():\n                # Private chunk\n                after_idat = info_chunk[2:3]\n                if after_idat:\n                    chunk(fp, cid, data)\n\n    chunk(fp, b\"IEND\", b\"\")\n\n    if hasattr(fp, \"flush\"):\n        fp.flush()\n\n\n# --------------------------------------------------------------------\n# PNG chunk converter\n\n\ndef getchunks(im, **params):\n    \"\"\"Return a list of PNG chunks representing this image.\"\"\"\n\n    class collector:\n        data = []\n\n        def write(self, data):\n            pass\n\n        def append(self, chunk):\n            self.data.append(chunk)\n\n    def append(fp, cid, *data):\n        data = b\"\".join(data)\n        crc = o32(_crc32(data, _crc32(cid)))\n        fp.append((cid, data, crc))\n\n    fp = collector()\n\n    try:\n        im.encoderinfo = params\n        _save(im, fp, None, append)\n    finally:\n        del im.encoderinfo\n\n    return fp.data\n\n\n# --------------------------------------------------------------------\n# Registry\n\nImage.register_open(PngImageFile.format, PngImageFile, _accept)\nImage.register_save(PngImageFile.format, _save)\nImage.register_save_all(PngImageFile.format, _save_all)\n\nImage.register_extensions(PngImageFile.format, [\".png\", \".apng\"])\n\nImage.register_mime(PngImageFile.format, \"image/png\")\n"}
A user will ask you to solve a task. You should first draft your thinking process (inner monologue). Then, generate the solution.

Your response format must follow the template below:
<think>
Your thoughts or/and draft, like working through an exercise on scratch paper. Be as casual and as long as you want until you are confident to generate a correct solution.
</think>
<solution>
Final solution presented to the user.
</solution>
system
We are currently solving the following issue within our repository. Here is the issue text:
--- BEGIN ISSUE ---
[ISSUE]

**Title:** APNG Save Function Ignoring Larger Appended Frame Sizes

**Description:**
When saving an animated PNG (APNG) with appended images that have larger dimensions than the main image, the resulting file retains the size of the main image instead of adjusting to the largest frame.

**Example Buggy Code:**
```python
from PIL import Image

# Create main image of size (100, 100)
im = Image.new("L", (100, 100))
# Append image of size (200, 200)
im.save("temp.png", save_all=True, append_images=[Image.new("L", (200, 200))])

# Reload the saved image
with Image.open("temp.png") as reloaded:
    print(reloaded.size)  # Outputs (100, 100) instead of (200, 200)
```

**Expected Behavior:**
The reloaded image should have a size of (200, 200), accommodating the largest appended frame.

**Actual Behavior:**
The reloaded image size remains at (100, 100), ignoring the appended image's larger dimensions.

[/ISSUE]
--- END ISSUE ---

Below are some code segments, each from a relevant file. One or more of these files may contain bugs.

--- BEGIN FILE ---
```
### src/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py
#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# PNG support code
#
# See "PNG (Portable Network Graphics) Specification, version 1.0;
# W3C Recommendation", 1996-10-01, Thomas Boutell (ed.).
#
# history:
# 1996-05-06 fl   Created (couldn't resist it)
# 1996-12-14 fl   Upgraded, added read and verify support (0.2)
# 1996-12-15 fl   Separate PNG stream parser
# 1996-12-29 fl   Added write support, added getchunks
# 1996-12-30 fl   Eliminated circular references in decoder (0.3)
# 1998-07-12 fl   Read/write 16-bit images as mode I (0.4)
# 2001-02-08 fl   Added transparency support (from Zircon) (0.5)
# 2001-04-16 fl   Don't close data source in "open" method (0.6)
# 2004-02-24 fl   Don't even pretend to support interlaced files (0.7)
# 2004-08-31 fl   Do basic sanity check on chunk identifiers (0.8)
# 2004-09-20 fl   Added PngInfo chunk container
# 2004-12-18 fl   Added DPI read support (based on code by Niki Spahiev)
# 2008-08-13 fl   Added tRNS support for RGB images
# 2009-03-06 fl   Support for preserving ICC profiles (by Florian Hoech)
# 2009-03-08 fl   Added zTXT support (from Lowell Alleman)
# 2009-03-29 fl   Read interlaced PNG files (from Conrado Porto Lopes Gouvua)
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2009 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 1996 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations

import itertools
import logging
import re
import struct
import warnings
import zlib
from enum import IntEnum

from . import Image, ImageChops, ImageFile, ImagePalette, ImageSequence
from ._binary import i16be as i16
from ._binary import i32be as i32
from ._binary import o8
from ._binary import o16be as o16
from ._binary import o32be as o32

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

is_cid = re.compile(rb"\w\w\w\w").match


_MAGIC = b"\211PNG\r\n\032\n"


_MODES = {
    # supported bits/color combinations, and corresponding modes/rawmodes
    # Grayscale
    (1, 0): ("1", "1"),
    (2, 0): ("L", "L;2"),
    (4, 0): ("L", "L;4"),
    (8, 0): ("L", "L"),
    (16, 0): ("I;16", "I;16B"),
    # Truecolour
    (8, 2): ("RGB", "RGB"),
    (16, 2): ("RGB", "RGB;16B"),
    # Indexed-colour
    (1, 3): ("P", "P;1"),
    (2, 3): ("P", "P;2"),
    (4, 3): ("P", "P;4"),
    (8, 3): ("P", "P"),
    # Grayscale with alpha
    (8, 4): ("LA", "LA"),
    (16, 4): ("RGBA", "LA;16B"),  # LA;16B->LA not yet available
    # Truecolour with alpha
    (8, 6): ("RGBA", "RGBA"),
    (16, 6): ("RGBA", "RGBA;16B"),
}


_simple_palette = re.compile(b"^\xff*\x00\xff*$")

MAX_TEXT_CHUNK = ImageFile.SAFEBLOCK
"""
Maximum decompressed size for a iTXt or zTXt chunk.
Eliminates decompression bombs where compressed chunks can expand 1000x.
See :ref:`Text in PNG File Format<png-text>`.
"""
MAX_TEXT_MEMORY = 64 * MAX_TEXT_CHUNK
"""
Set the maximum total text chunk size.
See :ref:`Text in PNG File Format<png-text>`.
"""


# APNG frame disposal modes
class Disposal(IntEnum):
    OP_NONE = 0
    """
    No disposal is done on this frame before rendering the next frame.
    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.
    """
    OP_BACKGROUND = 1
    """
    This frame’s modified region is cleared to fully transparent black before rendering
    the next frame.
    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.
    """
    OP_PREVIOUS = 2
    """
    This frame’s modified region is reverted to the previous frame’s contents before
    rendering the next frame.
    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.
    """


# APNG frame blend modes
class Blend(IntEnum):
    OP_SOURCE = 0
    """
    All color components of this frame, including alpha, overwrite the previous output
    image contents.
    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.
    """
    OP_OVER = 1
    """
    This frame should be alpha composited with the previous output image contents.
    See :ref:`Saving APNG sequences<apng-saving>`.
    """


def _safe_zlib_decompress(s):
    dobj = zlib.decompressobj()
    plaintext = dobj.decompress(s, MAX_TEXT_CHUNK)
    if dobj.unconsumed_tail:
        msg = "Decompressed Data Too Large"
        raise ValueError(msg)
    return plaintext


def _crc32(data, seed=0):
    return zlib.crc32(data, seed) & 0xFFFFFFFF


# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Support classes.  Suitable for PNG and related formats like MNG etc.


class ChunkStream:
    def __init__(self, fp):
        self.fp = fp
        self.queue = []

    def read(self):
        """Fetch a new chunk. Returns header information."""
        cid = None

        if self.queue:
            cid, pos, length = self.queue.pop()
            self.fp.seek(pos)
        else:
            s = self.fp.read(8)
            cid = s[4:]
            pos = self.fp.tell()
            length = i32(s)

        if not is_cid(cid):
            if not ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
                msg = f"broken PNG file (chunk {repr(cid)})"
                raise SyntaxError(msg)

        return cid, pos, length

    def __enter__(self):
        return self

    def __exit__(self, *args):
        self.close()

    def close(self):
        self.queue = self.fp = None

    def push(self, cid, pos, length):
        self.queue.append((cid, pos, length))

    def call(self, cid, pos, length):
        """Call the appropriate chunk handler"""

        logger.debug("STREAM %r %s %s", cid, pos, length)
        return getattr(self, "chunk_" + cid.decode("ascii"))(pos, length)

    def crc(self, cid, data):
        """Read and verify checksum"""

        # Skip CRC checks for ancillary chunks if allowed to load truncated
        # images
        # 5th byte of first char is 1 [specs, section 5.4]
        if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES and (cid[0] >> 5 & 1):
            self.crc_skip(cid, data)
            return

        try:
            crc1 = _crc32(data, _crc32(cid))
            crc2 = i32(self.fp.read(4))
            if crc1 != crc2:
                msg = f"broken PNG file (bad header checksum in {repr(cid)})"
                raise SyntaxError(msg)
        except struct.error as e:
            msg = f"broken PNG file (incomplete checksum in {repr(cid)})"
            raise SyntaxError(msg) from e

    def crc_skip(self, cid, data):
        """Read checksum"""

        self.fp.read(4)

    def verify(self, endchunk=b"IEND"):
        # Simple approach; just calculate checksum for all remaining
        # blocks.  Must be called directly after open.

        cids = []

        while True:
            try:
                cid, pos, length = self.read()
            except struct.error as e:
                msg = "truncated PNG file"
                raise OSError(msg) from e

            if cid == endchunk:
                break
            self.crc(cid, ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length))
            cids.append(cid)

        return cids


class iTXt(str):
    """
    Subclass of string to allow iTXt chunks to look like strings while
    keeping their extra information

    """

    @staticmethod
    def __new__(cls, text, lang=None, tkey=None):
        """
        :param cls: the class to use when creating the instance
        :param text: value for this key
        :param lang: language code
        :param tkey: UTF-8 version of the key name
        """

        self = str.__new__(cls, text)
        self.lang = lang
        self.tkey = tkey
        return self


class PngInfo:
    """
    PNG chunk container (for use with save(pnginfo=))

    """

    def __init__(self):
        self.chunks = []

    def add(self, cid, data, after_idat=False):
        """Appends an arbitrary chunk. Use with caution.

        :param cid: a byte string, 4 bytes long.
        :param data: a byte string of the encoded data
        :param after_idat: for use with private chunks. Whether the chunk
                           should be written after IDAT

        """

        chunk = [cid, data]
        if after_idat:
            chunk.append(True)
        self.chunks.append(tuple(chunk))

    def add_itxt(self, key, value, lang="", tkey="", zip=False):
        """Appends an iTXt chunk.

        :param key: latin-1 encodable text key name
        :param value: value for this key
        :param lang: language code
        :param tkey: UTF-8 version of the key name
        :param zip: compression flag

        """

        if not isinstance(key, bytes):
            key = key.encode("latin-1", "strict")
        if not isinstance(value, bytes):
            value = value.encode("utf-8", "strict")
        if not isinstance(lang, bytes):
            lang = lang.encode("utf-8", "strict")
        if not isinstance(tkey, bytes):
            tkey = tkey.encode("utf-8", "strict")

        if zip:
            self.add(
                b"iTXt",
                key + b"\0\x01\0" + lang + b"\0" + tkey + b"\0" + zlib.compress(value),
            )
        else:
            self.add(b"iTXt", key + b"\0\0\0" + lang + b"\0" + tkey + b"\0" + value)

    def add_text(self, key, value, zip=False):
        """Appends a text chunk.

        :param key: latin-1 encodable text key name
        :param value: value for this key, text or an
           :py:class:`PIL.PngImagePlugin.iTXt` instance
        :param zip: compression flag

        """
        if isinstance(value, iTXt):
            return self.add_itxt(key, value, value.lang, value.tkey, zip=zip)

        # The tEXt chunk stores latin-1 text
        if not isinstance(value, bytes):
            try:
                value = value.encode("latin-1", "strict")
            except UnicodeError:
                return self.add_itxt(key, value, zip=zip)

        if not isinstance(key, bytes):
            key = key.encode("latin-1", "strict")

        if zip:
            self.add(b"zTXt", key + b"\0\0" + zlib.compress(value))
        else:
            self.add(b"tEXt", key + b"\0" + value)


# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# PNG image stream (IHDR/IEND)


class PngStream(ChunkStream):
    def __init__(self, fp):
        super().__init__(fp)

        # local copies of Image attributes
        self.im_info = {}
        self.im_text = {}
        self.im_size = (0, 0)
        self.im_mode = None
        self.im_tile = None
        self.im_palette = None
        self.im_custom_mimetype = None
        self.im_n_frames = None
        self._seq_num = None
        self.rewind_state = None

        self.text_memory = 0

    def check_text_memory(self, chunklen):
        self.text_memory += chunklen
        if self.text_memory > MAX_TEXT_MEMORY:
            msg = (
                "Too much memory used in text chunks: "
                f"{self.text_memory}>MAX_TEXT_MEMORY"
            )
            raise ValueError(msg)

    def save_rewind(self):
        self.rewind_state = {
            "info": self.im_info.copy(),
            "tile": self.im_tile,
            "seq_num": self._seq_num,
        }

    def rewind(self):
        self.im_info = self.rewind_state["info"].copy()
        self.im_tile = self.rewind_state["tile"]
        self._seq_num = self.rewind_state["seq_num"]

    def chunk_iCCP(self, pos, length):
        # ICC profile
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        # according to PNG spec, the iCCP chunk contains:
        # Profile name  1-79 bytes (character string)
        # Null separator        1 byte (null character)
        # Compression method    1 byte (0)
        # Compressed profile    n bytes (zlib with deflate compression)
        i = s.find(b"\0")
        logger.debug("iCCP profile name %r", s[:i])
        logger.debug("Compression method %s", s[i])
        comp_method = s[i]
        if comp_method != 0:
            msg = f"Unknown compression method {comp_method} in iCCP chunk"
            raise SyntaxError(msg)
        try:
            icc_profile = _safe_zlib_decompress(s[i + 2 :])
        except ValueError:
            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
                icc_profile = None
            else:
                raise
        except zlib.error:
            icc_profile = None  # FIXME
        self.im_info["icc_profile"] = icc_profile
        return s

    def chunk_IHDR(self, pos, length):
        # image header
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        if length < 13:
            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
                return s
            msg = "Truncated IHDR chunk"
            raise ValueError(msg)
        self.im_size = i32(s, 0), i32(s, 4)
        try:
            self.im_mode, self.im_rawmode = _MODES[(s[8], s[9])]
        except Exception:
            pass
        if s[12]:
            self.im_info["interlace"] = 1
        if s[11]:
            msg = "unknown filter category"
            raise SyntaxError(msg)
        return s

    def chunk_IDAT(self, pos, length):
        # image data
        if "bbox" in self.im_info:
            tile = [("zip", self.im_info["bbox"], pos, self.im_rawmode)]
        else:
            if self.im_n_frames is not None:
                self.im_info["default_image"] = True
            tile = [("zip", (0, 0) + self.im_size, pos, self.im_rawmode)]
        self.im_tile = tile
        self.im_idat = length
        msg = "image data found"
        raise EOFError(msg)

    def chunk_IEND(self, pos, length):
        msg = "end of PNG image"
        raise EOFError(msg)

    def chunk_PLTE(self, pos, length):
        # palette
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        if self.im_mode == "P":
            self.im_palette = "RGB", s
        return s

    def chunk_tRNS(self, pos, length):
        # transparency
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        if self.im_mode == "P":
            if _simple_palette.match(s):
                # tRNS contains only one full-transparent entry,
                # other entries are full opaque
                i = s.find(b"\0")
                if i >= 0:
                    self.im_info["transparency"] = i
            else:
                # otherwise, we have a byte string with one alpha value
                # for each palette entry
                self.im_info["transparency"] = s
        elif self.im_mode in ("1", "L", "I;16"):
            self.im_info["transparency"] = i16(s)
        elif self.im_mode == "RGB":
            self.im_info["transparency"] = i16(s), i16(s, 2), i16(s, 4)
        return s

    def chunk_gAMA(self, pos, length):
        # gamma setting
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        self.im_info["gamma"] = i32(s) / 100000.0
        return s

    def chunk_cHRM(self, pos, length):
        # chromaticity, 8 unsigned ints, actual value is scaled by 100,000
        # WP x,y, Red x,y, Green x,y Blue x,y

        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        raw_vals = struct.unpack(">%dI" % (len(s) // 4), s)
        self.im_info["chromaticity"] = tuple(elt / 100000.0 for elt in raw_vals)
        return s

    def chunk_sRGB(self, pos, length):
        # srgb rendering intent, 1 byte
        # 0 perceptual
        # 1 relative colorimetric
        # 2 saturation
        # 3 absolute colorimetric

        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        if length < 1:
            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
                return s
            msg = "Truncated sRGB chunk"
            raise ValueError(msg)
        self.im_info["srgb"] = s[0]
        return s

    def chunk_pHYs(self, pos, length):
        # pixels per unit
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        if length < 9:
            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
                return s
            msg = "Truncated pHYs chunk"
            raise ValueError(msg)
        px, py = i32(s, 0), i32(s, 4)
        unit = s[8]
        if unit == 1:  # meter
            dpi = px * 0.0254, py * 0.0254
            self.im_info["dpi"] = dpi
        elif unit == 0:
            self.im_info["aspect"] = px, py
        return s

    def chunk_tEXt(self, pos, length):
        # text
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        try:
            k, v = s.split(b"\0", 1)
        except ValueError:
            # fallback for broken tEXt tags
            k = s
            v = b""
        if k:
            k = k.decode("latin-1", "strict")
            v_str = v.decode("latin-1", "replace")

            self.im_info[k] = v if k == "exif" else v_str
            self.im_text[k] = v_str
            self.check_text_memory(len(v_str))

        return s

    def chunk_zTXt(self, pos, length):
        # compressed text
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        try:
            k, v = s.split(b"\0", 1)
        except ValueError:
            k = s
            v = b""
        if v:
            comp_method = v[0]
        else:
            comp_method = 0
        if comp_method != 0:
            msg = f"Unknown compression method {comp_method} in zTXt chunk"
            raise SyntaxError(msg)
        try:
            v = _safe_zlib_decompress(v[1:])
        except ValueError:
            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
                v = b""
            else:
                raise
        except zlib.error:
            v = b""

        if k:
            k = k.decode("latin-1", "strict")
            v = v.decode("latin-1", "replace")

            self.im_info[k] = self.im_text[k] = v
            self.check_text_memory(len(v))

        return s

    def chunk_iTXt(self, pos, length):
        # international text
        r = s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        try:
            k, r = r.split(b"\0", 1)
        except ValueError:
            return s
        if len(r) < 2:
            return s
        cf, cm, r = r[0], r[1], r[2:]
        try:
            lang, tk, v = r.split(b"\0", 2)
        except ValueError:
            return s
        if cf != 0:
            if cm == 0:
                try:
                    v = _safe_zlib_decompress(v)
                except ValueError:
                    if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
                        return s
                    else:
                        raise
                except zlib.error:
                    return s
            else:
                return s
        try:
            k = k.decode("latin-1", "strict")
            lang = lang.decode("utf-8", "strict")
            tk = tk.decode("utf-8", "strict")
            v = v.decode("utf-8", "strict")
        except UnicodeError:
            return s

        self.im_info[k] = self.im_text[k] = iTXt(v, lang, tk)
        self.check_text_memory(len(v))

        return s

    def chunk_eXIf(self, pos, length):
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        self.im_info["exif"] = b"Exif\x00\x00" + s
        return s

    # APNG chunks
    def chunk_acTL(self, pos, length):
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        if length < 8:
            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
                return s
            msg = "APNG contains truncated acTL chunk"
            raise ValueError(msg)
        if self.im_n_frames is not None:
            self.im_n_frames = None
            warnings.warn("Invalid APNG, will use default PNG image if possible")
            return s
        n_frames = i32(s)
        if n_frames == 0 or n_frames > 0x80000000:
            warnings.warn("Invalid APNG, will use default PNG image if possible")
            return s
        self.im_n_frames = n_frames
        self.im_info["loop"] = i32(s, 4)
        self.im_custom_mimetype = "image/apng"
        return s

    def chunk_fcTL(self, pos, length):
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
        if length < 26:
            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
                return s
            msg = "APNG contains truncated fcTL chunk"
            raise ValueError(msg)
        seq = i32(s)
        if (self._seq_num is None and seq != 0) or (
            self._seq_num is not None and self._seq_num != seq - 1
        ):
            msg = "APNG contains frame sequence errors"
            raise SyntaxError(msg)
        self._seq_num = seq
        width, height = i32(s, 4), i32(s, 8)
        px, py = i32(s, 12), i32(s, 16)
        im_w, im_h = self.im_size
        if px + width > im_w or py + height > im_h:
            msg = "APNG contains invalid frames"
            raise SyntaxError(msg)
        self.im_info["bbox"] = (px, py, px + width, py + height)
        delay_num, delay_den = i16(s, 20), i16(s, 22)
        if delay_den == 0:
            delay_den = 100
        self.im_info["duration"] = float(delay_num) / float(delay_den) * 1000
        self.im_info["disposal"] = s[24]
        self.im_info["blend"] = s[25]
        return s

    def chunk_fdAT(self, pos, length):
        if length < 4:
            if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
                s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
                return s
            msg = "APNG contains truncated fDAT chunk"
            raise ValueError(msg)
        s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, 4)
        seq = i32(s)
        if self._seq_num != seq - 1:
            msg = "APNG contains frame sequence errors"
            raise SyntaxError(msg)
        self._seq_num = seq
        return self.chunk_IDAT(pos + 4, length - 4)


# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# PNG reader


def _accept(prefix):
    return prefix[:8] == _MAGIC


##
# Image plugin for PNG images.


class PngImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
    format = "PNG"
    format_description = "Portable network graphics"

    def _open(self):
        if not _accept(self.fp.read(8)):
            msg = "not a PNG file"
            raise SyntaxError(msg)
        self._fp = self.fp
        self.__frame = 0

        #
        # Parse headers up to the first IDAT or fDAT chunk

        self.private_chunks = []
        self.png = PngStream(self.fp)

        while True:
            #
            # get next chunk

            cid, pos, length = self.png.read()

            try:
                s = self.png.call(cid, pos, length)
            except EOFError:
                break
            except AttributeError:
                logger.debug("%r %s %s (unknown)", cid, pos, length)
                s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
                if cid[1:2].islower():
                    self.private_chunks.append((cid, s))

            self.png.crc(cid, s)

        #
        # Copy relevant attributes from the PngStream.  An alternative
        # would be to let the PngStream class modify these attributes
        # directly, but that introduces circular references which are
        # difficult to break if things go wrong in the decoder...
        # (believe me, I've tried ;-)

        self._mode = self.png.im_mode
        self._size = self.png.im_size
        self.info = self.png.im_info
        self._text = None
        self.tile = self.png.im_tile
        self.custom_mimetype = self.png.im_custom_mimetype
        self.n_frames = self.png.im_n_frames or 1
        self.default_image = self.info.get("default_image", False)

        if self.png.im_palette:
            rawmode, data = self.png.im_palette
            self.palette = ImagePalette.raw(rawmode, data)

        if cid == b"fdAT":
            self.__prepare_idat = length - 4
        else:
            self.__prepare_idat = length  # used by load_prepare()

        if self.png.im_n_frames is not None:
            self._close_exclusive_fp_after_loading = False
            self.png.save_rewind()
            self.__rewind_idat = self.__prepare_idat
            self.__rewind = self._fp.tell()
            if self.default_image:
                # IDAT chunk contains default image and not first animation frame
                self.n_frames += 1
            self._seek(0)
        self.is_animated = self.n_frames > 1

    @property
    def text(self):
        # experimental
        if self._text is None:
            # iTxt, tEXt and zTXt chunks may appear at the end of the file
            # So load the file to ensure that they are read
            if self.is_animated:
                frame = self.__frame
                # for APNG, seek to the final frame before loading
                self.seek(self.n_frames - 1)
            self.load()
            if self.is_animated:
                self.seek(frame)
        return self._text

    def verify(self):
        """Verify PNG file"""

        if self.fp is None:
            msg = "verify must be called directly after open"
            raise RuntimeError(msg)

        # back up to beginning of IDAT block
        self.fp.seek(self.tile[0][2] - 8)

        self.png.verify()
        self.png.close()

        if self._exclusive_fp:
            self.fp.close()
        self.fp = None

    def seek(self, frame):
        if not self._seek_check(frame):
            return
        if frame < self.__frame:
            self._seek(0, True)

        last_frame = self.__frame
        for f in range(self.__frame + 1, frame + 1):
            try:
                self._seek(f)
            except EOFError as e:
                self.seek(last_frame)
                msg = "no more images in APNG file"
                raise EOFError(msg) from e

    def _seek(self, frame, rewind=False):
        if frame == 0:
            if rewind:
                self._fp.seek(self.__rewind)
                self.png.rewind()
                self.__prepare_idat = self.__rewind_idat
                self.im = None
                if self.pyaccess:
                    self.pyaccess = None
                self.info = self.png.im_info
                self.tile = self.png.im_tile
                self.fp = self._fp
            self._prev_im = None
            self.dispose = None
            self.default_image = self.info.get("default_image", False)
            self.dispose_op = self.info.get("disposal")
            self.blend_op = self.info.get("blend")
            self.dispose_extent = self.info.get("bbox")
            self.__frame = 0
        else:
            if frame != self.__frame + 1:
                msg = f"cannot seek to frame {frame}"
                raise ValueError(msg)

            # ensure previous frame was loaded
            self.load()

            if self.dispose:
                self.im.paste(self.dispose, self.dispose_extent)
            self._prev_im = self.im.copy()

            self.fp = self._fp

            # advance to the next frame
            if self.__prepare_idat:
                ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, self.__prepare_idat)
                self.__prepare_idat = 0
            frame_start = False
            while True:
                self.fp.read(4)  # CRC

                try:
                    cid, pos, length = self.png.read()
                except (struct.error, SyntaxError):
                    break

                if cid == b"IEND":
                    msg = "No more images in APNG file"
                    raise EOFError(msg)
                if cid == b"fcTL":
                    if frame_start:
                        # there must be at least one fdAT chunk between fcTL chunks
                        msg = "APNG missing frame data"
                        raise SyntaxError(msg)
                    frame_start = True

                try:
                    self.png.call(cid, pos, length)
                except UnicodeDecodeError:
                    break
                except EOFError:
                    if cid == b"fdAT":
                        length -= 4
                        if frame_start:
                            self.__prepare_idat = length
                            break
                    ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
                except AttributeError:
                    logger.debug("%r %s %s (unknown)", cid, pos, length)
                    ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)

            self.__frame = frame
            self.tile = self.png.im_tile
            self.dispose_op = self.info.get("disposal")
            self.blend_op = self.info.get("blend")
            self.dispose_extent = self.info.get("bbox")

            if not self.tile:
                msg = "image not found in APNG frame"
                raise EOFError(msg)

        # setup frame disposal (actual disposal done when needed in the next _seek())
        if self._prev_im is None and self.dispose_op == Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS:
            self.dispose_op = Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND

        if self.dispose_op == Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS:
            self.dispose = self._prev_im.copy()
            self.dispose = self._crop(self.dispose, self.dispose_extent)
        elif self.dispose_op == Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND:
            self.dispose = Image.core.fill(self.mode, self.size)
            self.dispose = self._crop(self.dispose, self.dispose_extent)
        else:
            self.dispose = None

    def tell(self):
        return self.__frame

    def load_prepare(self):
        """internal: prepare to read PNG file"""

        if self.info.get("interlace"):
            self.decoderconfig = self.decoderconfig + (1,)

        self.__idat = self.__prepare_idat  # used by load_read()
        ImageFile.ImageFile.load_prepare(self)

    def load_read(self, read_bytes):
        """internal: read more image data"""

        while self.__idat == 0:
            # end of chunk, skip forward to next one

            self.fp.read(4)  # CRC

            cid, pos, length = self.png.read()

            if cid not in [b"IDAT", b"DDAT", b"fdAT"]:
                self.png.push(cid, pos, length)
                return b""

            if cid == b"fdAT":
                try:
                    self.png.call(cid, pos, length)
                except EOFError:
                    pass
                self.__idat = length - 4  # sequence_num has already been read
            else:
                self.__idat = length  # empty chunks are allowed

        # read more data from this chunk
        if read_bytes <= 0:
            read_bytes = self.__idat
        else:
            read_bytes = min(read_bytes, self.__idat)

        self.__idat = self.__idat - read_bytes

        return self.fp.read(read_bytes)

    def load_end(self):
        """internal: finished reading image data"""
        if self.__idat != 0:
            self.fp.read(self.__idat)
        while True:
            self.fp.read(4)  # CRC

            try:
                cid, pos, length = self.png.read()
            except (struct.error, SyntaxError):
                break

            if cid == b"IEND":
                break
            elif cid == b"fcTL" and self.is_animated:
                # start of the next frame, stop reading
                self.__prepare_idat = 0
                self.png.push(cid, pos, length)
                break

            try:
                self.png.call(cid, pos, length)
            except UnicodeDecodeError:
                break
            except EOFError:
                if cid == b"fdAT":
                    length -= 4
                try:
                    ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
                except OSError as e:
                    if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
                        break
                    else:
                        raise e
            except AttributeError:
                logger.debug("%r %s %s (unknown)", cid, pos, length)
                s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
                if cid[1:2].islower():
                    self.private_chunks.append((cid, s, True))
        self._text = self.png.im_text
        if not self.is_animated:
            self.png.close()
            self.png = None
        else:
            if self._prev_im and self.blend_op == Blend.OP_OVER:
                updated = self._crop(self.im, self.dispose_extent)
                if self.im.mode == "RGB" and "transparency" in self.info:
                    mask = updated.convert_transparent(
                        "RGBA", self.info["transparency"]
                    )
                else:
                    mask = updated.convert("RGBA")
                self._prev_im.paste(updated, self.dispose_extent, mask)
                self.im = self._prev_im
                if self.pyaccess:
                    self.pyaccess = None

    def _getexif(self):
        if "exif" not in self.info:
            self.load()
        if "exif" not in self.info and "Raw profile type exif" not in self.info:
            return None
        return self.getexif()._get_merged_dict()

    def getexif(self):
        if "exif" not in self.info:
            self.load()

        return super().getexif()

    def getxmp(self):
        """
        Returns a dictionary containing the XMP tags.
        Requires defusedxml to be installed.

        :returns: XMP tags in a dictionary.
        """
        return (
            self._getxmp(self.info["XML:com.adobe.xmp"])
            if "XML:com.adobe.xmp" in self.info
            else {}
        )


# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# PNG writer

_OUTMODES = {
    # supported PIL modes, and corresponding rawmodes/bits/color combinations
    "1": ("1", b"\x01\x00"),
    "L;1": ("L;1", b"\x01\x00"),
    "L;2": ("L;2", b"\x02\x00"),
    "L;4": ("L;4", b"\x04\x00"),
    "L": ("L", b"\x08\x00"),
    "LA": ("LA", b"\x08\x04"),
    "I": ("I;16B", b"\x10\x00"),
    "I;16": ("I;16B", b"\x10\x00"),
    "I;16B": ("I;16B", b"\x10\x00"),
    "P;1": ("P;1", b"\x01\x03"),
    "P;2": ("P;2", b"\x02\x03"),
    "P;4": ("P;4", b"\x04\x03"),
    "P": ("P", b"\x08\x03"),
    "RGB": ("RGB", b"\x08\x02"),
    "RGBA": ("RGBA", b"\x08\x06"),
}


def putchunk(fp, cid, *data):
    """Write a PNG chunk (including CRC field)"""

    data = b"".join(data)

    fp.write(o32(len(data)) + cid)
    fp.write(data)
    crc = _crc32(data, _crc32(cid))
    fp.write(o32(crc))


class _idat:
    # wrap output from the encoder in IDAT chunks

    def __init__(self, fp, chunk):
        self.fp = fp
        self.chunk = chunk

    def write(self, data):
        self.chunk(self.fp, b"IDAT", data)


class _fdat:
    # wrap encoder output in fdAT chunks

    def __init__(self, fp, chunk, seq_num):
        self.fp = fp
        self.chunk = chunk
        self.seq_num = seq_num

    def write(self, data):
        self.chunk(self.fp, b"fdAT", o32(self.seq_num), data)
        self.seq_num += 1


def _write_multiple_frames(im, fp, chunk, rawmode, default_image, append_images):
    duration = im.encoderinfo.get("duration", im.info.get("duration", 0))
    loop = im.encoderinfo.get("loop", im.info.get("loop", 0))
    disposal = im.encoderinfo.get("disposal", im.info.get("disposal", Disposal.OP_NONE))
    blend = im.encoderinfo.get("blend", im.info.get("blend", Blend.OP_SOURCE))

    if default_image:
        chain = itertools.chain(append_images)
    else:
        chain = itertools.chain([im], append_images)

    im_frames = []
    frame_count = 0
    for im_seq in chain:
        for im_frame in ImageSequence.Iterator(im_seq):
            if im_frame.mode == rawmode:
                im_frame = im_frame.copy()
            else:
                im_frame = im_frame.convert(rawmode)
            encoderinfo = im.encoderinfo.copy()
            if isinstance(duration, (list, tuple)):
                encoderinfo["duration"] = duration[frame_count]
            if isinstance(disposal, (list, tuple)):
                encoderinfo["disposal"] = disposal[frame_count]
            if isinstance(blend, (list, tuple)):
                encoderinfo["blend"] = blend[frame_count]
            frame_count += 1

            if im_frames:
                previous = im_frames[-1]
                prev_disposal = previous["encoderinfo"].get("disposal")
                prev_blend = previous["encoderinfo"].get("blend")
                if prev_disposal == Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS and len(im_frames) < 2:
                    prev_disposal = Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND

                if prev_disposal == Disposal.OP_BACKGROUND:
                    base_im = previous["im"].copy()
                    dispose = Image.core.fill("RGBA", im.size, (0, 0, 0, 0))
                    bbox = previous["bbox"]
                    if bbox:
                        dispose = dispose.crop(bbox)
                    else:
                        bbox = (0, 0) + im.size
                    base_im.paste(dispose, bbox)
                elif prev_disposal == Disposal.OP_PREVIOUS:
                    base_im = im_frames[-2]["im"]
                else:
                    base_im = previous["im"]
                delta = ImageChops.subtract_modulo(
                    im_frame.convert("RGBA"), base_im.convert("RGBA")
                )
                bbox = delta.getbbox(alpha_only=False)
                if (
                    not bbox
                    and prev_disposal == encoderinfo.get("disposal")
                    and prev_blend == encoderinfo.get("blend")
                ):
                    previous["encoderinfo"]["duration"] += encoderinfo.get(
                        "duration", duration
                    )
                    continue
            else:
                bbox = None
            if "duration" not in encoderinfo:
                encoderinfo["duration"] = duration
            im_frames.append({"im": im_frame, "bbox": bbox, "encoderinfo": encoderinfo})

    if len(im_frames) == 1 and not default_image:
        return im_frames[0]["im"]

    # animation control
    chunk(
        fp,
        b"acTL",
        o32(len(im_frames)),  # 0: num_frames
        o32(loop),  # 4: num_plays
    )

    # default image IDAT (if it exists)
    if default_image:
        if im.mode != rawmode:
            im = im.convert(rawmode)
        ImageFile._save(im, _idat(fp, chunk), [("zip", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, rawmode)])

    seq_num = 0
    for frame, frame_data in enumerate(im_frames):
        im_frame = frame_data["im"]
        if not frame_data["bbox"]:
            bbox = (0, 0) + im_frame.size
        else:
            bbox = frame_data["bbox"]
            im_frame = im_frame.crop(bbox)
        size = im_frame.size
        encoderinfo = frame_data["encoderinfo"]
        frame_duration = int(round(encoderinfo["duration"]))
        frame_disposal = encoderinfo.get("disposal", disposal)
        frame_blend = encoderinfo.get("blend", blend)
        # frame control
        chunk(
            fp,
            b"fcTL",
            o32(seq_num),  # sequence_number
            o32(size[0]),  # width
            o32(size[1]),  # height
            o32(bbox[0]),  # x_offset
            o32(bbox[1]),  # y_offset
            o16(frame_duration),  # delay_numerator
            o16(1000),  # delay_denominator
            o8(frame_disposal),  # dispose_op
            o8(frame_blend),  # blend_op
        )
        seq_num += 1
        # frame data
        if frame == 0 and not default_image:
            # first frame must be in IDAT chunks for backwards compatibility
            ImageFile._save(
                im_frame,
                _idat(fp, chunk),
                [("zip", (0, 0) + im_frame.size, 0, rawmode)],
            )
        else:
            fdat_chunks = _fdat(fp, chunk, seq_num)
            ImageFile._save(
                im_frame,
                fdat_chunks,
                [("zip", (0, 0) + im_frame.size, 0, rawmode)],
            )
            seq_num = fdat_chunks.seq_num


def _save_all(im, fp, filename):
    _save(im, fp, filename, save_all=True)


def _save(im, fp, filename, chunk=putchunk, save_all=False):
    # save an image to disk (called by the save method)

    if save_all:
        default_image = im.encoderinfo.get(
            "default_image", im.info.get("default_image")
        )
        modes = set()
        append_images = im.encoderinfo.get("append_images", [])
        for im_seq in itertools.chain([im], append_images):
            for im_frame in ImageSequence.Iterator(im_seq):
                modes.add(im_frame.mode)
        for mode in ("RGBA", "RGB", "P"):
            if mode in modes:
                break
        else:
            mode = modes.pop()
    else:
        mode = im.mode

    if mode == "P":
        #
        # attempt to minimize storage requirements for palette images
        if "bits" in im.encoderinfo:
            # number of bits specified by user
            colors = min(1 << im.encoderinfo["bits"], 256)
        else:
            # check palette contents
            if im.palette:
                colors = max(min(len(im.palette.getdata()[1]) // 3, 256), 1)
            else:
                colors = 256

        if colors <= 16:
            if colors <= 2:
                bits = 1
            elif colors <= 4:
                bits = 2
            else:
                bits = 4
            mode = f"{mode};{bits}"

    # encoder options
    im.encoderconfig = (
        im.encoderinfo.get("optimize", False),
        im.encoderinfo.get("compress_level", -1),
        im.encoderinfo.get("compress_type", -1),
        im.encoderinfo.get("dictionary", b""),
    )

    # get the corresponding PNG mode
    try:
        rawmode, mode = _OUTMODES[mode]
    except KeyError as e:
        msg = f"cannot write mode {mode} as PNG"
        raise OSError(msg) from e

    #
    # write minimal PNG file

    fp.write(_MAGIC)

    chunk(
        fp,
        b"IHDR",
        o32(im.size[0]),  # 0: size
        o32(im.size[1]),
        mode,  # 8: depth/type
        b"\0",  # 10: compression
        b"\0",  # 11: filter category
        b"\0",  # 12: interlace flag
    )

    chunks = [b"cHRM", b"gAMA", b"sBIT", b"sRGB", b"tIME"]

    icc = im.encoderinfo.get("icc_profile", im.info.get("icc_profile"))
    if icc:
        # ICC profile
        # according to PNG spec, the iCCP chunk contains:
        # Profile name  1-79 bytes (character string)
        # Null separator        1 byte (null character)
        # Compression method    1 byte (0)
        # Compressed profile    n bytes (zlib with deflate compression)
        name = b"ICC Profile"
        data = name + b"\0\0" + zlib.compress(icc)
        chunk(fp, b"iCCP", data)

        # You must either have sRGB or iCCP.
        # Disallow sRGB chunks when an iCCP-chunk has been emitted.
        chunks.remove(b"sRGB")

    info = im.encoderinfo.get("pnginfo")
    if info:
        chunks_multiple_allowed = [b"sPLT", b"iTXt", b"tEXt", b"zTXt"]
        for info_chunk in info.chunks:
            cid, data = info_chunk[:2]
            if cid in chunks:
                chunks.remove(cid)
                chunk(fp, cid, data)
            elif cid in chunks_multiple_allowed:
                chunk(fp, cid, data)
            elif cid[1:2].islower():
                # Private chunk
                after_idat = info_chunk[2:3]
                if not after_idat:
                    chunk(fp, cid, data)

    if im.mode == "P":
        palette_byte_number = colors * 3
        palette_bytes = im.im.getpalette("RGB")[:palette_byte_number]
        while len(palette_bytes) < palette_byte_number:
            palette_bytes += b"\0"
        chunk(fp, b"PLTE", palette_bytes)

    transparency = im.encoderinfo.get("transparency", im.info.get("transparency", None))

    if transparency or transparency == 0:
        if im.mode == "P":
            # limit to actual palette size
            alpha_bytes = colors
            if isinstance(transparency, bytes):
                chunk(fp, b"tRNS", transparency[:alpha_bytes])
            else:
                transparency = max(0, min(255, transparency))
                alpha = b"\xFF" * transparency + b"\0"
                chunk(fp, b"tRNS", alpha[:alpha_bytes])
        elif im.mode in ("1", "L", "I", "I;16"):
            transparency = max(0, min(65535, transparency))
            chunk(fp, b"tRNS", o16(transparency))
        elif im.mode == "RGB":
            red, green, blue = transparency
            chunk(fp, b"tRNS", o16(red) + o16(green) + o16(blue))
        else:
            if "transparency" in im.encoderinfo:
                # don't bother with transparency if it's an RGBA
                # and it's in the info dict. It's probably just stale.
                msg = "cannot use transparency for this mode"
                raise OSError(msg)
    else:
        if im.mode == "P" and im.im.getpalettemode() == "RGBA":
            alpha = im.im.getpalette("RGBA", "A")
            alpha_bytes = colors
            chunk(fp, b"tRNS", alpha[:alpha_bytes])

    dpi = im.encoderinfo.get("dpi")
    if dpi:
        chunk(
            fp,
            b"pHYs",
            o32(int(dpi[0] / 0.0254 + 0.5)),
            o32(int(dpi[1] / 0.0254 + 0.5)),
            b"\x01",
        )

    if info:
        chunks = [b"bKGD", b"hIST"]
        for info_chunk in info.chunks:
            cid, data = info_chunk[:2]
            if cid in chunks:
                chunks.remove(cid)
                chunk(fp, cid, data)

    exif = im.encoderinfo.get("exif")
    if exif:
        if isinstance(exif, Image.Exif):
            exif = exif.tobytes(8)
        if exif.startswith(b"Exif\x00\x00"):
            exif = exif[6:]
        chunk(fp, b"eXIf", exif)

    if save_all:
        im = _write_multiple_frames(
            im, fp, chunk, rawmode, default_image, append_images
        )
    if im:
        ImageFile._save(im, _idat(fp, chunk), [("zip", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, rawmode)])

    if info:
        for info_chunk in info.chunks:
            cid, data = info_chunk[:2]
            if cid[1:2].islower():
                # Private chunk
                after_idat = info_chunk[2:3]
                if after_idat:
                    chunk(fp, cid, data)

    chunk(fp, b"IEND", b"")

    if hasattr(fp, "flush"):
        fp.flush()


# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# PNG chunk converter


def getchunks(im, **params):
    """Return a list of PNG chunks representing this image."""

    class collector:
        data = []

        def write(self, data):
            pass

        def append(self, chunk):
            self.data.append(chunk)

    def append(fp, cid, *data):
        data = b"".join(data)
        crc = o32(_crc32(data, _crc32(cid)))
        fp.append((cid, data, crc))

    fp = collector()

    try:
        im.encoderinfo = params
        _save(im, fp, None, append)
    finally:
        del im.encoderinfo

    return fp.data


# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Registry

Image.register_open(PngImageFile.format, PngImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save(PngImageFile.format, _save)
Image.register_save_all(PngImageFile.format, _save_all)

Image.register_extensions(PngImageFile.format, [".png", ".apng"])

Image.register_mime(PngImageFile.format, "image/png")

```
--- END FILE ---

Please first localize the bug based on the issue statement, and then generate *SEARCH/REPLACE* edits to fix the issue.

Every *SEARCH/REPLACE* edit must use this format:
1. The file path
2. The start of search block: <<<<<<< SEARCH
3. A contiguous chunk of lines to search for in the existing source code
4. The dividing line: =======
5. The lines to replace into the source code
6. The end of the replace block: >>>>>>> REPLACE

Here is an example:

```python
### mathweb/flask/app.py
<<<<<<< SEARCH
from flask import Flask
=======
import math
from flask import Flask
>>>>>>> REPLACE
```
</solution>

Please note that the *SEARCH/REPLACE* edit REQUIRES PROPER INDENTATION. If you would like to add the line '        print(x)', you must fully write that out, with all those spaces before the code!
Wrap each *SEARCH/REPLACE* edit in a code block as shown in the example above. If you have multiple *SEARCH/REPLACE* edits, use a separate code block for each one.
user