Author Response Please see the attachment Author Response File: Author Response.pdf
Finally, I found it disturbing that medical school faculty tolerate student smoking at all. This is contrary to accepted public health policy internationally. Healthcare providers who smoke provide a bad example to their patients - giving the impression that smoking is not dangerous. The link between smoking and reduced life expectancy has been shown to be causal. This result calls into question the university's curriculum addressing the very many diseases associated with tobacco smoking - most of which reduce life expectancy. This is the opposite of health promotion one expects from all healthcare providers - especially physicians.