Dutch Empire lost a number of its colonial possessions and trade monopolies to the British Empire. Nevertheless, major portions of the empire survived until the advent of global decolonisation following World War II (1939–1945), namely the East Indies (Indonesia) and Dutch Guiana (Surinam). Three former colonial territories in the West Indies islands around the Caribbean Sea—Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten—remain as constituent countries represented within the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The territories that would later form the Dutch Republic began as a loose federation known as the Seventeen Provinces, which Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and (as "Carlos I") King of Spain,
Dutch-Paris which run via Toulouse through the guides led Pyrenees mountains. There is an anecdote how the name Dutch-Paris was known: One day, an allied pilot in Paris asked Herman Laatsman what the name was of the organization that helped him. Because the organization had no name at that time, Laatsman just replied: "Dutch in Paris", most likely due to the presence of Dutch helpers in Paris. Back in England, the pilot told everyone that he was helped by "Dutch-Paris", and that name has stuck since. Jean later said that his upbringing in the Seventh-day Adventist Church and its altruistic nature