Motifs in the James Bond film series in the films: the laboratory of Hugo Drax is opened by touchtones that play the tune of "Close Encounters of the Third Kind", whilst when Bond and Anya are seen walking across the desert in "The Spy Who Loved Me", the theme from "Lawrence of Arabia" is heard. In most of the films, the main villain often captures Bond and, rather than kill him quickly, attempts a slow and protracted death, from which Bond will always escape. This will often also come with a scene of the villain explaining his master plan to Bond. Goldfinger chained Bond to a nuclear
James Bond: The Authorized Biography of 007 reprinting of the book was released in 2008. The reprint shortens the book's title to "James Bond: The Authorised Biography". The novel's canonical status as biography is debatable. Some fans consider it canon with Ian Fleming's James Bond novel series, while other aficionados consider it apocryphal. Elements of the biography are contradicted by "official" Bond fiction, notably Charlie Higson's Young Bond series, which suggests that James Bond was born in Switzerland, as opposed to Pearson's suggestion that Bond was born in Wattenscheid, Germany. Unlike the later Bond novels by John Gardner and Raymond Benson, which are not of (although still