Appalachian-Blue Ridge forests hickories ("Carya" spp.), red maple ("Acer rubrum"), sugar maple ("Acer saccharum"), white ash ("Fraxinus americana"), tulip tree ("Liriodendron tulipifera"), American beech ("Fagus grandifolia"), black cherry ("Prunus serotina"), black birch ("Betula lenta"), black tupelo ("Nyssa sylvatica"), and American elm ("Ulmus americana"). Flowering dogwood ("Cornus florida") is a common understory tree. Central Appalachian pine-oak rocky woodlands occur on lower-elevation hilltops, outcrops, and rocky slopes and have a patchy or open aspect. Pitch pine ("Pinus rigida") and Virginia pine ("Pinus virginiana") are common within their respective ranges. These pines are often mixed with dry-site oaks such as chestnut oak ("Quercus prinus"), bear oak
Carex sylvatica York and North Carolina, and to New Zealand, where it was first recorded in 1969. In its native range, "C. sylvatica" lives in deciduous woodlands on heavy soils; it is sometimes found in unwooded areas, but usually only as a relic of ancient woodland. In North America, it is generally found in disturbed areas within deciduous woodland. "Carex sylvatica" was first described by the English botanist William Hudson in his 1762 work "Flora Anglica". Hybrids have been reported between "C. sylvatica" and "C. strigosa" (in France) and between "C. sylvatica" and "C. hirta" (in Austria). Its English common name is