Tottenham Hotspur F.C. shield featuring a number of local landmarks and associations. The lions flanking the shield came from the Northumberland family (of which Harry Hotspur was a member). The castle is Bruce Castle, 400 yards from the ground and the trees are the Seven Sisters. The arms featured the Latin motto "Audere Est Facere" (to dare is to do). In 1983, to overcome unauthorised "pirate" merchandising, the club's badge was altered by adding the two red heraldic lions and the motto scroll. This device appeared on most Spurs' playing kits for the next 23 years. In 2006, in order to rebrand and
Non est factum Non est factum Non est factum (Latin for "it is not [my] deed") is a defence in contract law that allows a signing party to escape performance of an agreement "which is fundamentally different from what he or she intended to execute or sign." A claim of "non est factum" means that the signature on the contract was signed by mistake, without knowledge of its meaning. A successful plea would make the contract void "ab initio". According to "Saunders v Anglia Building Society" [1971], applied in "Petelin v Cullen" [1975], the strict requirements necessary for a successful plea can are