Phytophthora kernoviae spread via the air to the bark of tree species, with the European beech tree ("Fagus sylvatica)" being especially susceptible. As of 2005, it was confined to a relatively small area of Cornwall but has also been found in Wales and Cheshire suggesting that the pathogen may be being spread by the horticultural trade. Due to the national and international demand of these plant products, "Phytophthora kernoviae" has initiated recent concern after being found "Vaccinium myrtillus", commonly called Bilberry. This pathogen causes significant necrosis on leaves, bleeding stem lesions, and stem dieback as the primary symptoms, which occur at an
Cepaea sylvatica these snails is smaller than that of grove snails; the brown area is continuous; and the spire of the shell is blunt. Cepaea sylvatica " Cepaea sylvatica" is a medium-sized species of air-breathing dextral land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Helicidae. It is a close relative of the grove snail ("Cepaea nemoralis"). This species lives in many of the same habitats as "Cepaea nemoralis", such as woods, dunes and grassland, however "C. sylvatica" tolerates wetter and colder areas than the grove snail can tolerate. "Cepaea sylvatica" is generally similar in appearance to "C. nemoralis", although the