Pain management techniques such as thermal agents and electrotherapy, as well as therapeutic exercise and behavioral therapy, alone or in tandem with interventional techniques and conventional pharmacotherapy to treat pain, usually as part of an interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary program. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation has been found to be ineffective for lower back pain, however, it might help with diabetic neuropathy. Acupuncture involves the insertion and manipulation of needles into specific points on the body to relieve pain or for therapeutic purposes. An analysis of the 13 highest quality studies of pain treatment with acupuncture, published in January 2009 in the "British Medical
Practical Management of Pain Practical Management of Pain Practical Management of Pain is a medical textbook on pain management. First published in 1986 by Year Book Medical Publishers which subsequently became part of Elsevier, the book's target audiences are medical residents, practicing anesthesiologists, and pain research fellows. Currently in its fifth edition, the book has been described by pain specialists as a "trusted reference source", and a "definitive text for the care of the pain patient". The current edition includes contributions from international authors, with new chapters covering ultrasound-guided techniques in regional anesthesiology and pain management procedures. The second edition of "Practical Management of