Bazaar Grand Bazaar in Istanbul is "Kapalıçarşı" (gated shopping area), while the Spice Bazaar is the "Mısır Çarşısı" (Egyptian shopping area). The Arabic term, souk (souq or suk) is a synonym for bazaar in Arab-speaking countries. Bazaars originated in the Middle East, probably in Persia. Pourjafara et al., point to historical records documenting the concept of a bazaar as early as 3000 BC. By the 4th century (CE), a network of bazaars had sprung up alongside ancient caravan trade routes. Bazaars were typically situated in close proximity to ruling palaces, citadels or mosques, not only because the city afforded traders some
Superior letter o, r, s, and t. In English, however, 'h' is also sometimes rendered as a superior letter, as in 6th. In French, certain abbreviations are written with the first letter(s) of the word they represent, followed by the final letter(s) in superscript. The superscript in this case is sometimes optional. Most commonly, this appears in the abbreviations of personal titles: "M" (or "Mgr") stands for "monseigneur" ("Your Grace"), "M" (or "Mlle") for "mademoiselle" ("Miss"), "M" for "maître" ("Mr"), etc. Other abbreviations containing superior letters are "m" for "merchandise" ("merchandise"), "éch" for "échéance" ("due date"), and "M" for "métro" ("subway"). When