Édouard-Alfred Martel Édouard-Alfred Martel Édouard-Alfred Martel (1 July 1859, Pontoise, Val-d'Oise – 3 June 1938, Montbrison), the 'father of modern speleology', was a world pioneer of cave exploration, study, and documentation. Martel explored thousands of caves in his native France and many other countries, popularised the pursuit of cave exploration, introduced the concept of speleology as a distinct area of scientific study, maintained an extensive archive, and in 1895 founded , the first organisation devoted to cave science in the world. Édouard-Alfred Martel was born in Pontoise, Seine-et-Oise on 1 July 1859. Born into a family of lawyers, he studied at the
Exploration Earth: The Time Machine BBC Radio 4. "Exploration Earth: The Time Machine" was released on CD, paired with "Genesis of the Daleks", in 2001. It was also given away on its own as a free CD with the 28 April 2010 edition of "The Daily Telegraph" newspaper via WHSmith. It was re-released on CD in The BBC Radio Episodes but this time paired with What Happened to...Susan?, a 1994 spoof from the radio comedy series What Happened to...? Exploration Earth: The Time Machine "Exploration Earth: The Time Machine" is an episode of the BBC Schools radio drama series "Exploration Earth", a series exploring geography.