Beech fauna, and is a sharp line along the Swedish western coast, which gets broader toward the south. In Denmark and Scania, at the southernmost peak of the Scandinavian peninsula, south-west of the natural spruce boundary, it is the most common forest tree. In Norway, the beech migration was very recent, and the species has not reached its distribution potential. Thus, the occurrence of oak in Norway is used as an indicator of the border between the temperate deciduous forest and the boreal spruce – pine forest. "Fagus sylvatica" is one of the most common hardwood trees in north central Europe,
Stigmella hemargyrella Stigmella hemargyrella Stigmella hemargyrella is a moth of the Nepticulidae family. It is found in most of Europe, except Iceland, Norway, Finland, Portugal and most of the Baltic region. The moths (imago) are bivoltine flying from April to May and again from July to August and can be found resting on trunks. The wingspan is 5–6 mm. The egg can be laid on either side of the leaf and the pale yellowish-white larva feed, within a mine on "Fagus sylvatica" and "Fagus sylvatica orientalis". The mine is a sinuous gallery and at the early state is relatively narrow with a