States of Austria states of Upper Austria and Lower Austria are essentially equivalent to what were since 1783/84 the two autonomous halves of the Archduchy of Austria, a principality which formed the empire's historic heartland. Salzburg is coterminous with the former Austro-Hungarian Duchy of Salzburg (the former Archbishopric). Similarly, the state of Carinthia descends from the Duchy of Carinthia, the state of Styria descends from the Duchy of Styria, and the state of Tyrol descends from the Princely County of Tyrol; these states had to cede territories to Italy and Yugoslavia when Austria emerged in its present form. Also, the state of Vorarlberg
Burgenland Croats the Croatian language was introduced as an official in 6 out of 7 districts of Burgenland. Newspapers of the Burgenland Croats are: "Crikveni glasnik" (Church Gazett), 1946; "Naše selo" (Our village), 1947; "Naš tjednik" (Our weekly), 1947; "Naša domovina" (Our homeland), 1952; "Glas" (Voice), 1957; "Novi glas" (New Voice), 1969; "Put" (Way), 1981). The beginnings of literacy are linked to: Klimpuški misal (Klimpuški Missal) (1501), S. Consul Histrianus and Anton Dalmatin's Postila (Fasting) (1568), Duševne pesne (Spiritual songs) (1609), and Grgur Mekinić Pythiraeus's Druge knjige duševnih pesan (Other books of the Spiritual songs) (1611). By the mid-19th century, Burgenland Croatian