Phytophthora pseudosyringae composed only of cellulose and glucans. Its name derives from Greek "Phytophthora" (), “plant” and (), “destruction”; “the plant-destroyer” and "plurivora" and from Latin ( = many, - = feeding). Phytophthora pseudosyringae Phytophthora pseudosyringae is a semi-papillate homothallic soil-borne plant pathogen causing root and collar rot of deciduous tree species in Europe. It is associated with necrotic fine roots and stem necroses of "Fagus sylvatica" and "Alnus glutinosa", and isolates are moderately aggressive to fine roots of oaks and beech ("Nothofagus"), highly aggressive to holly leaves and apple fruits, and slightly pathogenic to alder bark. It belongs to the class
Stigmella hemargyrella Stigmella hemargyrella Stigmella hemargyrella is a moth of the Nepticulidae family. It is found in most of Europe, except Iceland, Norway, Finland, Portugal and most of the Baltic region. The moths (imago) are bivoltine flying from April to May and again from July to August and can be found resting on trunks. The wingspan is 5–6 mm. The egg can be laid on either side of the leaf and the pale yellowish-white larva feed, within a mine on "Fagus sylvatica" and "Fagus sylvatica orientalis". The mine is a sinuous gallery and at the early state is relatively narrow with a