Dutch colonisation of the Guianas control of the three colonies (Demerara, Berbice, and Essequibo) west of the Courantyne River. These three colonies became British Guiana. After 1815, there were five Guianas, referred to by their dominant languages: Spanish Guayana (Venezuela), British Guiana, Dutch Guiana, French Guiana, and Portuguese Guiana (Brazil). The colony that remained was part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands until 1975, when it became independent as the Republic of Suriname. Dutch Guiana covered the majority of the Guiana Shield, with its borders ranging from the Orinoco Delta in the northwest, the eastern banks of the Caroní River in the southwest, to the
Dutch-Paris which run via Toulouse through the guides led Pyrenees mountains. There is an anecdote how the name Dutch-Paris was known: One day, an allied pilot in Paris asked Herman Laatsman what the name was of the organization that helped him. Because the organization had no name at that time, Laatsman just replied: "Dutch in Paris", most likely due to the presence of Dutch helpers in Paris. Back in England, the pilot told everyone that he was helped by "Dutch-Paris", and that name has stuck since. Jean later said that his upbringing in the Seventh-day Adventist Church and its altruistic nature