Biscogniauxia nummularia decline of European beech ("Fagus sylvatica") in Sicily and Calabria (Italy) has been linked to "B. nummularia" and experiments have suggested that this ascomycete plays a primary pathogenic role under certain environmental conditions. It typically causes strip‐cankering and general wood decay. Biscogniauxia nummularia Biscogniauxia nummularia is a plant pathogen in the family Xylariaceae, known as the beech tarcrust. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin "nummus" meaning a coin, referring to the often rounded and coin-like encrustations. The fruit body forms a thick and shiny black crust, on beech ("Fagus") bark and is found at all times of the
Luzula sylvatica fruit is a 3-valved capsule containing three oblong seeds. Each seed is indistinctly reticulate, often with a caruncle (a basal or apical appendage); seeds tend to germinate close to their parent plant. "Luzula sylvatica" has a wide distribution, and is native to Europe (the European temperate element of flora ) and southwest Asia - including the British Isles where "L. sylvatica" populations are widespread stable, apart from a decline in central and south east England. There is one record of "L. sylvatica" from Washington State, United States of America. Usually growing in partial to full shade, "Luzula sylvatica" tends to