Twist bread Twist bread Twist bread, stokbrood, or campfire bread is a type of bread in which the dough has been rolled into a long sausage shape, twisted over the end of a stick, and baked over an open fire. The dough is an ordinary bread dough, usually with yeast as a leavening agent but baking powder may also be used. The ideal stick is fairly straight and made of hardwood that will not impart a disagreeable taste; for example, birch or a nut tree. The length depends on one's comfort and the fire's size. The thickness of the bread-holding end is
Substance dependence upon which a person has developed a dependence syndrome. When dependence has developed, cessation of substance use produces an unpleasant state, which promotes continued drug use through negative reinforcement; i.e., the drug is used to escape or avoid re-entering the associated withdrawal state. The withdrawal state may include physical-somatic symptoms (physical dependence), emotional-motivational symptoms (psychological dependence), or both. Chemical and hormonal imbalances may arise if the substance is not introduced. Psychological stress may also result if the substance is not re-introduced. Infants also suffer from substance withdrawal, known as Neonnatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) which has severe and life-threatening effects on