procSLACPub.tex
%% slacpub-latex.tex  11/6/96
%% For LaTeX SLAC Pub 
%%
%% Created 1/96. Evelyn Eldridge-Diaz
%% Modified 11/6/96 Jamie Ray Walker
%%
%%%%%  For LaTeX SLAC Pub - Conference Proceedings Title Page
%%             Using LaTeX2e (see note below)
%%
%% Author needs to substitute:
%%   1. Your own pub number for XXX, in two places.
%%   2. Your own UC number and OSTI-assigned conference number 
%%      for XXX, in one place.
%%   3. Your own name for A. N. Author
%%   4. Title of your report
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

%%%%% LaTeX version note:
%%%
%%% The default /usr/local/bin installations of TeX and LaTeX at SLAC 
%%% are currently unsupported and unmaintained. They are old versions, 
%%% and they do not contain current or complete packages. 
%%% Therefore they will probably not work for this file.
%%%
%%% If you are having any trouble with this file, the solution for now 
%%% is to use Scott Berg's excellent installation, which is the one
%%% this file was made with. You can invoke it from the command line 
%%% by giving the full path: /nfs/mallory/u5/alhy/tex/bin/latex 
%%% See http://www.slac.stanford.edu/grp/techpubs/help/slaconly/texinst.html
%%% for more information.
%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%% NOW, on to your SLAC Pub paper:

%%%%% Set text body and margins - jw 6/96
%%
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{epsfig}
\usepackage{subfigure}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%\input sym


% Huge boldface
\def\hbabar{\mbox{{\huge\bf\sl B}\hspace{-0.1em}{\LARGE\bf\sl A}\hspace{-0.03em}{\huge\bf\sl B}\hspace{-0.1em}{\LARGE\bf\sl A\hspace{-0.03em}R}}}
% LARGE
\def\Lbabar{\mbox{{\LARGE\sl B}\hspace{-0.15em}{\Large\sl A}\hspace{-0.07em}{\LARGE\sl B}\hspace{-0.15em}{\Large\sl A\hspace{-0.02em}R}}}
% Large
\def\lbabar{\mbox{{\large\sl B}\hspace{-0.4em} {\normalsize\sl A}\hspace{-0.03em}{\large\sl B}\hspace{-0.4em} {\normalsize\sl A\hspace{-0.02em}R}}}
% normal size
%\def\babar{\mbox{\sl B\hspace{-0.4em} {\small\sl A}\hspace{-0.37em} \sl B\hspace{-0.4em} {\small\sl A\hspace{-0.02em}R}}}
% replace normalsize with scalable version       dbm 7/4/00
\usepackage{relsize}
\def\babar{\mbox{\slshape B\kern-0.1em{\smaller A}\kern-0.1em
    B\kern-0.1em{\smaller A\kern-0.2em R}}}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%  PHOTONS  %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\def\g     {\ensuremath{\gamma}}
\def\gaga  {\ensuremath{\gamma\gamma}}  %% changed from \gg, which is >>
\def\ggstar{\ensuremath{\gamma\gamma^*}}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%  LEPTONS & PHOTONS  %%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\def\ega   {\ensuremath{e\gamma}}
\def\game  {\ensuremath{\gamma e^-}}
\def\epemg  {\ensuremath{e^+e^-\gamma}}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%   QUARKS   %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\def\q   {\ensuremath{q}}
\def\qbar  {\ensuremath{\overline q}}
\def\qqbar {\ensuremath{q\overline q}}
\def\u  {\ensuremath{u}}
\def\ubar  {\ensuremath{\overline u}}
\def\uubar {\ensuremath{u\overline u}}
\def\d  {\ensuremath{d}}
\def\dbar  {\ensuremath{\overline d}}
\def\ddbar {\ensuremath{d\overline d}}
\def\s  {\ensuremath{s}}
\def\sbar  {\ensuremath{\overline s}}
\def\ssbar {\ensuremath{s\overline s}}
\def\c  {\ensuremath{c}}
\def\cbar  {\ensuremath{\overline c}}
\def\ccbar {\ensuremath{c\overline c}}
\def\b  {\ensuremath{b}}
\def\bbar  {\ensuremath{\overline b}}
\def\bbbar {\ensuremath{b\overline b}}
\def\t  {\ensuremath{t}}
\def\tbar  {\ensuremath{\overline t}}
\def\tbar  {\ensuremath{\overline t}}
\def\ttbar {\ensuremath{t\overline t}}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%   HADRONS   %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\def\piz   {\ensuremath{\pi^0}}
\def\pizs  {\ensuremath{\pi^0\mbox\,\rm{s}}}
\def\ppz   {\ensuremath{\pi^0\pi^0}}
\def\pip   {\ensuremath{\pi^+}}
\def\pim   {\ensuremath{\pi^-}}
\def\pipi  {\ensuremath{\pi^+\pi^-}}
\def\pipm   {\ensuremath{\pi^\pm}}
\def\pimp   {\ensuremath{\pi^\mp}}
\def\kaon  {\ensuremath{K}}
%%% do NOT use ensuremath here
\def\Kbar  {\kern 0.2em\overline{\kern -0.2em K}{}}
\def\Kb    {\ensuremath{\Kbar}}
\def\Kpm   {\ensuremath{K^\pm}}
\def\Kp    {\ensuremath{K^+}}
\def\Km    {\ensuremath{K^-}}
\def\KS    {\ensuremath{K^0_{\scriptscriptstyle S}}} 
\def\KL    {\ensuremath{K^0_{\scriptscriptstyle L}}} 
\def\Kstarz  {\ensuremath{K^{*0}}}
\def\Kstarzb  {\ensuremath{\Kbar^{*0}}}
\def\Kstar   {\ensuremath{K^*}}
\def\Kstarb  {\ensuremath{\Kbar^*}}
\def\Kstarp   {\ensuremath{K^{*+}}}
\def\Kstarm   {\ensuremath{K^{*-}}}
\def\Kstarpm   {\ensuremath{K^{*\pm}}}
\def\Kzb   {\ensuremath{\Kbar^0}}
\def\KzKzb {\ensuremath{K^0 \kern -0.16em \Kzb}}
\def\Dz    {\ensuremath{D^0}}
%%% do NOT use ensuremath here
\def\Dbar  {\kern 0.2em\overline{\kern -0.2em D}{}}
\def\Db    {\ensuremath{\Dbar}}
\def\Dzb   {\ensuremath{\Dbar^0}}
\def\DzDzb {\ensuremath{D^0 {\kern -0.16em \Dzb}}}
\def\Dstar   {\ensuremath{D^*}}
\def\Dstarb   {\ensuremath{\Dbar^*}}
\def\Dstarz  {\ensuremath{D^{*0}}}
\def\Dstarzb  {\ensuremath{\Dbar^{*0}}}
\def\Ds    {\ensuremath{D^+_s}}
\def\Dsb   {\ensuremath{\Dbar^+_s}}
\def\Dss   {\ensuremath{D^*_s}}
\def\Bz    {\ensuremath{B^0}}
\def\B     {\ensuremath{B}}
%%% do NOT use ensuremath here
\def\Bbar  {\kern 0.18em\overline{\kern -0.18em B}{}}
\def\Bb    {\ensuremath{\Bbar}}
\def\Bzb   {\ensuremath{\Bbar^0}}
\def\Bu    {\ensuremath{B^+}}
\def\Bub   {\ensuremath{B^-}}
\def\Bpm   {\ensuremath{B^\pm}}
\def\Bs    {\ensuremath{B_s}}
\def\Bsb   {\ensuremath{\Bbar_s}}
\def\BB    {\ensuremath{B\Bbar}} 
\def\BzBzb {\ensuremath{B^0 {\kern -0.16em \Bzb}}}

\def\jpsi  {\ensuremath{{J\mskip -3mu/\mskip -2mu\psi\mskip 2mu}}} 
%\def\psitwos {\ensuremath{\psi{\rm (2S)}}} % dbm: conform to PDG
\def\psitwos {\ensuremath{\psi{(2S)}}}
%\def\psip {\ensuremath{\psi^{\prime}}}
\mathchardef\Upsilon="7107
%\def\Y#1S{\ensuremath{\Upsilon{\rm(#1S)}}}% no space before {...}! dbm: conform to PDG
\def\Y#1S{\ensuremath{\Upsilon{(#1S)}}}% no space before {...}!
\def\OneS  {\Y1S}
\def\TwoS  {\Y2S}
\def\ThreeS{\Y3S}
\def\FourS {\Y4S}
\def\FiveS {\Y5S}
\def\Xpart {\ensuremath{X}}

\def\proton     {\ensuremath{p}}
\def\antiproton {\ensuremath{\overline p}}
\def\neutron    {\ensuremath{n}}
\def\antineutron  {\ensuremath{\overline n}}

\mathchardef\Deltares="7101
\mathchardef\Xi="7104
\mathchardef\Lambda="7103
\mathchardef\Sigma="7106
\mathchardef\Omega="710A
%%% do NOT use ensuremath here
\def\Deltabar   {\kern 0.25em\overline{\kern -0.25em \Deltares}{}}
\def\Lbar {\kern 0.2em\overline{\kern -0.2em\Lambda\kern 0.05em}\kern-0.05em{}}
\def\Sigbar{\kern 0.2em\overline{\kern -0.2em \Sigma}{}}
\def\Xibar{\kern 0.2em\overline{\kern -0.2em \Xi}{}}
\def\Obar{\kern 0.2em\overline{\kern -0.2em \Omega}{}}
\def\Nbar{\kern 0.2em\overline{\kern -0.2em N}{}}
\def\Xbar{\kern 0.2em\overline{\kern -0.2em X}{}}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%  BRANCHING RATIOS %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\def\BR{{\ensuremath{\cal B}}}
\def\BRtauptoe  {\ensuremath{\BR(\taup \to \ep)}}
\def\BRtaumtoe  {\ensuremath{\BR(\taum \to \en)}}
\def\BRtauptomu {\ensuremath{\BR(\taup \to \mup)}}
\def\BRtaumtomu {\ensuremath{\BR(\taum \to \mun)}}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%  REACTIONS    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\def\upsbb {\ensuremath{\Upsilon{\rm( 4S)}\to B\Bbar}} 
\def\upsbzbz {\ensuremath{\Upsilon{\rm( 4S)}\to\BzBzb}} 
\def\upsbpbm {\ensuremath{\Upsilon{\rm( 4S)}\to\Bu\Bub}} 
\def\bpsiks{\ensuremath{B^0 \to \jpsi \KS}}
\def\bpsikst{\ensuremath{B^0 \to \jpsi \Kstar}}
\def\bpsikl{\ensuremath{B^0 \to \jpsi \KL}}
\def\bpsikzeropi{\ensuremath{B^0 \to \jpsi (K^{*0} \to \KL\pi^0)}}
\def\bpsikpluspi{\ensuremath{B^+ \to \jpsi K^{*+},\ K^{*+} \to \KL\pi^+}}
\def\bpsikpluspi{\ensuremath{
{\Bz}/B^0 \to \jpsi ( \to \mu^+ \mu^-) K^{\pm} \pi^{\mp} }}
\def\bupsik{\ensuremath{B^{\pm} \to \jpsi ( \to \mu^+ \mu^-) K^{\pm} }}
\def\bpsiX{\ensuremath{B^0 \to \jpsi X}}
\def\upspsikl{\ensuremath{\FourS\to (\bpsikl) (\bzb \to X)}}
\def\Bzbtomu    {\ensuremath{\Bzb \to \mu {\rm X}}}
\def\Bzbtox     {\ensuremath{\Bzb \to {\rm X}}}
\def\Bztopipi   {\ensuremath{B^0 \to \pipi}}
\def\Bztokpi    {\ensuremath{B^0 \to K^{\pm}\pi^{\mp}}}
\def\Bztorhopi  {\ensuremath{B^0 \to \rho^+\pi^-}}
\def\Bztorhorho {\ensuremath{B^0 \to \rho\rho}}
\def\Bztokrho   {\ensuremath{B^0 \to K\rho}}
\def\Bztokstpi  {\ensuremath{B^0 \to \Kstar\pi}}
\def\Bztoapi    {\ensuremath{B^0 \to a_1\pi}}
\def\Bztodd     {\ensuremath{B^0 \to D^+D^-}}
\def\Bztodstd   {\ensuremath{B^0 \to D^{*+}D^-}}
\def\Bztodstdst {\ensuremath{B^0 \to D^{*+}D^{*-}}}
\def\BtoDK      {\ensuremath{B \to DK}}
\def\Btodstlnu  {\ensuremath{B \to D^*l\nu}}
\def\Btodstdlnu {\ensuremath{B \to D^*(D)l\nu}}
\def\Btorholnu  {\ensuremath{B \to \rho l\nu}}
\def\Btopilnu   {\ensuremath{B \to \pi l\nu}}
\def\Btoetah    {\ensuremath{B \to \eta h}}
\def\Btoetaph   {\ensuremath{B \to \eta ' h}}
\def\tauptoe    {\ensuremath{\taup \to \ep \nu \overline \nu}}
\def\taumtoe    {\ensuremath{\taum \to \en \nu \overline \nu}}
\def\tauptomu   {\ensuremath{\taup \to \mup \nu \overline \nu}}
\def\taumtomu    {\ensuremath{\taum \to \mun \nu \overline \nu}}
\def\Btoetaph   {\ensuremath{B \to \eta ' h}}
\def\tauptopi   {\ensuremath{\taup \to \pip \overline \nu}}
\def\taumtopi   {\ensuremath{\taum \to \pim \nu}}
\def\ggtopi     {\ensuremath{\gaga \to \pipi}}
\def\ggtopiz    {\ensuremath{\gaga \to \ppz}}
\def\ggstox     {\ensuremath{\ggstar \to \Xpart(1420) \to \kaon \kaon \pi}}
\def\ggstoeta   {\ensuremath{\ggstar \to \eta(550) \to \pipi \piz}}
\def\btosgam   {\ensuremath{b \to s \gamma}}
\def\btodgam   {\ensuremath{b \to d \gamma}}
\def\btosll    {\ensuremath{b \to s l^+l^-}}
\def\btosnunu   {\ensuremath{b \to s \nu\nu}}
\def\btosgaga   {\ensuremath{b \to s \gaga}}
\def\btosglue   {\ensuremath{b \to s g}}

% Kinematics

\def\ptot       {\mbox{$p$}}
%\def\pxy        {\mbox{$p_{\rm t}$}
\def\pxy        {\mbox{$p_T$}}
%\def\pt         {\mbox{$p_{\rm t}$}}
\def\pt         {\mbox{$p_T$}}
\def\mes        {\mbox{$m_{\rm ES}$}}
\def\mec        {\mbox{$m_{\rm EC}$}}


% Geometry
\def\mphi       {\mbox{$\phi$}}
\def\mtheta     {\mbox{$\theta$}}
\def\ctheta     {\mbox{$\cos \theta$}}

% UNITS
%
\def\ev   {\ensuremath{\rm \,e\kern -0.08em V}}
\def\kev  {\ensuremath{\rm \,ke\kern -0.08em V}} 
\def\mev  {\ensuremath{\rm \,Me\kern -0.08em V}} 
\def\gev  {\ensuremath{\rm \,Ge\kern -0.08em V}} 
%\def\gevc {\ensuremath{\rm \,Ge\kern -0.08em V\!/c}} 
\def\gevc {\ensuremath{{\rm \,Ge\kern -0.08em V\!/}c}} 
\def\tev  {\ensuremath{\rm \,Te\kern -0.08em V}}
%\def\mevc {\ensuremath{\rm \,Me\kern -0.08em V\!/c}} 
\def\mevc {\ensuremath{{\rm \,Me\kern -0.08em V\!/}c}} 
%\def\gevcc{\ensuremath{\rm \,Ge\kern -0.08em V\!/c^2}} 
%\def\mevcc{\ensuremath{\rm \,Me\kern -0.08em V\!/c^2}} 
\def\gevcc{\ensuremath{{\rm \,Ge\kern -0.08em V\!/}c^2}} 
\def\mevcc{\ensuremath{{\rm \,Me\kern -0.08em V\!/}c^2}} 
\def\syin {\ensuremath{^{\prime\prime}}}
\def\in   {\ensuremath{\rm \,in}}
\def\ft   {\ensuremath{\rm \,ft}}
\def\km   {\ensuremath{\rm \,km}}
\def\m    {\ensuremath{\rm \,m}}
\def\cm   {\ensuremath{\rm \,cm}}
\def\cma  {\ensuremath{{\rm \,cm}^2}}
\def\mm   {\ensuremath{\rm \,mm}}
\def\mma  {\ensuremath{{\rm \,mm}^2}}
%\def\mum  {\ensuremath{\rm \,\mum}}
\def\mum  {\ensuremath{\,\mu\rm m}} %% mu meter 
%\def\muma {\ensuremath{\rm \,\mum}^2}
\def\muma       {\ensuremath{\,\mu\rm m^2}}
\def\nm   {\ensuremath{\rm \,nm}}
\def\fm   {\ensuremath{\rm \,fm}}
%
\def\barn{\ensuremath{\rm \,b}}
\def\barnhyph{\ensuremath{\rm -b}}
\def\mbarn{\ensuremath{\rm \,mb}}
\def\mbarnhyph{\ensuremath{\rm -mb}}
\def\pb {\ensuremath{\rm \,pb}}
\def\invpb {\ensuremath{\mbox{\,pb}^{-1}}}
\def\fb   {\ensuremath{\mbox{\,fb}}}
\def\invfb   {\ensuremath{\mbox{\,fb}^{-1}}}
%
\def\mus  {\ensuremath{\rm \,\mus}}
\def\ns   {\ensuremath{\rm \,ns}}
\def\ps   {\ensuremath{\rm \,ps}}
\def\fs   {\ensuremath{\rm \,fs}}
\def\gm   {\ensuremath{\rm \,g}}
%
\def\Xrad {\ensuremath{X_0}}
\def\NIL{\ensuremath{\lambda_{int}}}
\let\dgr\degrees

%
% Lengths / Areas
%
%\def\m          {\ensuremath{\rm \,m}}    %% meter
%\def\ma         {\ensuremath{\rm \,m}^2}  %% meter squared
%\def\cm         {\ensuremath{\rm \,cm}}   %% centimeter
%\def\cma        {\ensuremath{\rm \,cm}^2} %% centimeter squared
\def\cms         {\ensuremath{{\rm \,cm}^{-2} {\rm s}^{-1}}}  
%\def\mm         {\ensuremath{\rm \,mm}}   %% millimeter
%\def\mma        {\ensuremath{\rm \,mm}^2} %% millimeter squared
%\def\mum        {\ensuremath{\,\mu\rm m}} %% mu meter
%\def\muma       {\ensuremath{\,\mu\rm m^2}}
%
\def\nm         {\ensuremath{\rm \,nm}}    %% nanometer
\def\nb         {\ensuremath{\rm \,nb}}
%%%%%
% Time
%%\def\s{\ensuremath{\rm {\,s}}} %% second - this displays nothing  - why?
\def\sec{\ensuremath{\rm {\,s}}}       %% second - this works - jw 4/19
\def\ms         {\ensuremath{{\rm \,ms}}}      %% millisecond
\def\mus        {\ensuremath{\,\mu{\rm s}}}    %% microsecond
\def\ns         {\ensuremath{{\rm \,ns}}}      %% nanosecond
\def\ps         {\ensuremath{{\rm \,ps}}}   %% picosecond
%
% Data processing
\def\kbytes     {\ensuremath{{\rm \,kbytes}}}
\def\kbsps      {\ensuremath{{\rm \,kbytes/s}}}
\def\kbits      {\ensuremath{{\rm \,kbits}}}
\def\kbsps      {\ensuremath{{\rm \,kbits/s}}}
\def\mbsps      {\ensuremath{{\rm \,Mbits/s}}}
\def\mbytes     {\ensuremath{{\rm \,Mbytes}}}
\def\mbps       {\ensuremath{{\rm \,Mbyte/s}}}
\def\mbsps      {\ensuremath{{\rm \,Mbytes/s}}}
\def\gbsps      {\ensuremath{{\rm \,Gbits/s}}}
\def\gbytes     {\ensuremath{{\rm \,Gbytes}}}
\def\gbsps      {\ensuremath{{\rm \,Gbytes/s}}}
\def\tbytes     {\ensuremath{{\rm \,Tbytes}}}
\def\tbpy       {\ensuremath{{\rm \,Tbytes/yr}}}
%

\def\mic  {\ensuremath{\,\mu{\rm C}}}
\def\krad {\ensuremath{\rm \,krad}}
\def\cmc  {\ensuremath{{\rm \,cm}^3}}
\def\yr   {\ensuremath{\rm \,yr}}
\def\hr   {\ensuremath{\rm \,hr}}
\def\degc {\ensuremath{^\circ}{C}}
\def\degk {\ensuremath {\rm K}}
\def\degrees{\ensuremath{^{\circ}}}
\def\mrad{\ensuremath{\rm \,mr}}                %% milliradian
\def\mradhyph{\ensuremath{\rm -mr}}
%
\def\sx    {\ensuremath{\sigma_x}}     
\def\sy    {\ensuremath{\sigma_y}}    
\def\sz    {\ensuremath{\sigma_z}}     

%\renewcommand{\bar}[1]{\overline{#1}}  

% Some more (from Helen)
%\def\O{{\ensuremath{\cal O}}}  !!! This is a predefined LaTeX symbol !!!
\def\order{{\ensuremath{\cal O}}}
\def\L{{\ensuremath{\cal L}}}
\def\calL{{\ensuremath{\cal L}}}
%\def\S{{\ensuremath{\cal S}}}  !!! This is a predefined LaTeX symbol !!!
\def\calS{{\ensuremath{\cal S}}}
\def\calA{{\ensuremath{\cal A}}}
\def\eps{\varepsilon}
\def\epsK{\varepsilon_K}
\def\epsB{\varepsilon_B}
\def\epsp{\varepsilon^\prime_K}
\def\gsim{{~\raise.15em\hbox{$>$}\kern-.85em
          \lower.35em\hbox{$\sim$}~}}
\def\lsim{{~\raise.15em\hbox{$<$}\kern-.85em
          \lower.35em\hbox{$\sim$}~}}
\def\qsq                {\ensuremath{q^2}}
\def\CP                 {\ensuremath{C\!P}}
%% Arrows:
\def\ra                 {\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}
\def\to                 {\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}
\def\epstag  {\ensuremath{\epsilon_{\rm tag}}}
\def\tagfac  {\ensuremath{\epstag(1-2w)^2}}

% Common combinations
\def\pep2{PEP-II}
\def\BF{$B$ Factory}
\def\abf {asymmetric \BF}
\def\sx    {\ensuremath{\sigma_x}}     
\def\sy    {\ensuremath{\sigma_y}}    
\def\sz    {\ensuremath{\sigma_z}}  

\def\pbcm {\ensuremath{p^*_{B^0}}}
%\def\chic1{\ensuremath{\chi_{c1}}}
%\def\chic2{\ensuremath{\chi_{c2}}}
%\def\chic3{\ensuremath{\chi_{c3}}}
\def\chic#1{\ensuremath{\chi_{c#1}}} % dbm

\newcommand{\etapr}{\ensuremath{\eta^{\prime}}}
\newcommand{\Betaprks}{\ensuremath{\bz\ra\etapr\KS}}
\newcommand{\Betaprkz}{\ensuremath{\bz\ra\etapr K^0}}
\newcommand{\etaprepp}{\ensuremath{\etapr\ra\eta\pipi}}
\newcommand{\etaprrg}{\ensuremath{\etapr\ra\rho^0\gamma}}

\newcommand{\inverse}{\ensuremath{^{-1}}}
\newcommand{\dedx}{\ensuremath{\mathrm{d}\hspace{-0.1em}E/\mathrm{d}x}}
\newcommand{\chisq}{\ensuremath{\chi^2}}
\newcommand{\delm}{\ensuremath{m_{\dstr}-m_{\dz}}}

\newcommand{\dstr}{\ensuremath{D^{*}}}
\newcommand{\dstrstr}{\ensuremath{D^{**}}}
\newcommand{\dsp}{\ensuremath{D^{*+}}}
\newcommand{\dsm}{\ensuremath{D^{*-}}}
\newcommand{\dsz}{\ensuremath{D^{*0}}}
 
\newcommand{\lum} {\ensuremath{\mathcal{L}}}

\def\rhobar {\ensuremath{\overline \rho}}
\def\etabar {\ensuremath{\overline \eta}}
%\def\paramest {\ensuremath{{\hat A}, {\hat \rho}, {\hat \eta} }}
%\def\ssparamest {\ensuremath{{\hat A}, {\hat {\sin 2 \alpha}}, 
%{\hat {\sin 2 \beta}} }}
\def\meas {\ensuremath{|V_{cb}|, |\frac{V_{ub}}{V_{cb}}|, 
|\varepsilon_K|, \Delta m_{B_d}}}

\def\sa{${\sin\! 2 \alpha  }$}
\def\sb{${\sin\! 2 \beta   }$}
\def\sg{${\sin\! 2 \gamma  }$}

% added by Gautier for tagging, tagmix, and sin2beta
\def\stwoa{\ensuremath{\sin\! 2 \alpha  }}
\def\stwob{\ensuremath{\sin\! 2 \beta   }}
\def\stwog{\ensuremath{\sin\! 2 \gamma  }}
\def\mistag{\ensuremath{w}}
\def\dilution{\ensuremath{\cal D}}
\def\deltaz{\ensuremath{{\rm \Delta}z}}
\def\deltat{\ensuremath{{\rm \Delta}t}}
\def\deltamd{\ensuremath{{\rm \Delta}m_d}}

\newcommand{\fd}{f_D}
\newcommand{\fds}{f_{D_s}}
\newcommand{\fsubb}{f_B}
\newcommand{\fbd}{f_{B_d}}
\newcommand{\fbs}{f_{B_s}}
\newcommand{\bsubb}{B_B}
\newcommand{\bbd}{B_{B_d}}
\newcommand{\bbs}{B_{B_s}}
\newcommand{\rgbb}{\hat{B}_B}
\newcommand{\rgbbd}{\hat{B}_{B_d}}
\newcommand{\rgbbs}{\hat{B}_{B_s}}
\newcommand{\rgbk}{\hat{B}_K}
\newcommand{\lqcd}{\Lambda_{\mathrm{QCD}}}

\newcommand{\eqref}[1]{Eq.~(\ref{eq:#1})}
\newcommand{\secref}[1]{Section~\ref{sec:#1}}
\newcommand{\subsecref}[1]{Section~\ref{subsec:#1}}
\newcommand{\figref}[1]{Figure~\ref{fig:#1}}
\newcommand{\tabref}[1]{Table~\ref{tab:#1}}

% Journal References
\newcommand{\ace}       [1]  {{Adv.\ Cry.\ Eng.\ {\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\arnps}     [1]  {{Ann.\ Rev.\ Nucl.\ Part.\ Sci.\ {\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\arns}      [1]  {{Ann.\ Rev.\ Nucl.\ Sci.\ {\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\appopt}    [1]  {{Appl.\ Opt.\ {\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\seis}      [1]  {{Bull.\ Seismological Soc.\ of Am.\ {\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\epjc}      [1]  {{Eur.\ Phys.\ Jour.\ C~{\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\ited}      [1]  {{IEEE Trans.\ Electron.\ Devices~{\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\itns}      [1]  {{IEEE Trans.\ Nucl.\ Sci.\ {\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\ijqe}      [1]  {{IEEE J.\ Quantum Electron.\ {\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\ijmp}      [1]  {{Int.\ Jour.\ Mod.\ Phys.\ {\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\ijmpa}     [1]  {{Int.\ J.\ Mod.\ Phys.\ {\bf A{\bf #1}}}}
\newcommand{\jl}        [1]  {{JETP Lett.\ {\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\jetp}      [1]  {{JETP~{\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\jpg}       [1]  {{J.\ Phys.\ {\bf G{\bf #1}}}}
\newcommand{\jap}       [1]  {{J.\ Appl.\ Phys.\ {\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\jmp}       [1]  {{J.\ Math.\ Phys.\ {\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\jmes}      [1]  {{J.\ Micro.\ Elec.\ Sys.\ {\bf #1}}}
%\newcommand{\josa}      [1]  {{J.\ Opt.\ Soc.\ Am.\ {\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\nim}       [1]  {{Nucl.\ Instr.\ and Methods~{\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\nima}      [1]  {{Nucl.\ Instr.\ Methods {\bf A{\bf #1}}}}
\newcommand{\np}        [1]  {{Nucl.\ Phys.\ {\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\npb}       [1]  {{Nucl.\ Phys.\ {\bf B{\bf #1}}}}
\newcommand{\npps}      [1]  {{Nucl.\ Phys.\ Proc.\ Suppl.\ {\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\npbps}     [1]  {{Nucl.\ Phys.\ B Proc.\ Suppl.\ {\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\ncim}      [1]  {{Nuo.\ Cim.\ {\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\optl}      [1]  {{Opt.\ Lett.\ {\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\optcom}    [1]  {{Opt.\ Commun.\ {\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\partacc}   [1]  {{Particle Acclerators~{\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\pflu}      [1]  {{Physics of Fluids~{\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\ptoday}    [1]  {{Physics Today~{\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\pl}        [1]  {{Phys.\ Lett.\ {\bf #1}}}      % dbm
\newcommand{\plb}       [1]  {{Phys.\ Lett.\ B~{\bf #1}}}   % dbm
\newcommand{\prep}      [1]  {{Phys.\ Rep.{\bf #1}}}
\newcommand{\prl}       [1]  {{Phys.\ Rev.\ Lett.\ {\bf #1}}} % dbm
\newcommand{\pr}        [1]  {{Phys.\ Rev.\ {\bf #1}}}
%\newcommand{\pra}       [1]  {{Phys.\ Rev.\ A~{\bf #1}}}
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\newcommand{\BABARPubYear}    {00}
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\newcommand{\BABARProcNumber} {16}
\newcommand{\SLACPubNumber} {8625}
\newcommand{\LANLNumber} {0009051}
\newcommand{\LPNHENumber} {00-05}


\providecommand{\btodstarlnu}{\mbox{$B\to D^{*}\ell\nu$}}
\providecommand{\bztodstarlnu}{\mbox{$B^0\to D^{*-}\ell^+\nu$}}
\def\epem       {\ensuremath{e^+e^-}}
\def\epemg  {\ensuremath{e^+e^-\gamma}}

\begin{document}

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\begin{flushright}
SLAC-PUB-\SLACPubNumber \\
\babar-PROC-\BABARPubYear/\BABARProcNumber \\
%\babar-PUB-\BABARPubYear/\BABARPubNumber \\
LPNHE-\LPNHENumber \\
%hep-ex/\LANLNumber \\
September, 2000 \\

\end{flushright}

\par\vskip 2.5cm

% Title of the paper
\begin{center}
\Large \bf Measurements of \Bz~and \Bpm~lifetimes and \Bz-$\bar{\Bz}$
mixing with fully reconstructed \B~decays in \babar
\end{center}
\bigskip

\begin{center}
%\large 
\normalsize
Fernando Mart\'{\i}nez-Vidal\\
LPHNE, IN2P3-CNRS/Universit\'es Paris 6 \& 7, France\\E-mail:
{\it martinef@SLAC.Stanford.EDU} \\
\large
(for the \lbabar\ Collaboration)

\end{center}
\bigskip \bigskip

% Abstract
\begin{center}
\large \bf Abstract
\end{center}

Time-dependent
\BzBzb\ flavor oscillations and \Bz\ and \Bu\ lifetimes 
are studied in a sample of fully
reconstructed \B\ mesons collected with the \babar\ detector, running
at the \pep2\ asymmetric \epem\ \BF\ with
center-of-mass energies near the \FourS\ resonance. 
This is the first time that time-dependent mixing and lifetime
measurements have been performed at \FourS\ energies.

\vfill
\begin{center}
\vskip1cm
\mbox{Contributed to the Proceedings of the 30$^{th}$ International 
Conference on High Energy Physics,} \\
7/27/2000--8/2/2000, Osaka, Japan
\end{center}

\vspace{1.0cm}
\begin{center}
{\em Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, 
Stanford, CA 94309} \\ \vspace{0.1cm}\hrule\vspace{0.1cm}
Work supported in part by Department of Energy contract DE-AC03-76SF00515.
\end{center}



\newpage
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\section{Introduction}

\mbox{Preliminary measurements of time-dependent} \BzBzb\ flavor 
oscillations and \Bz\ and \Bu\ lifetimes have been
performed with the \babar\ detector.  These analyses
exploit the copious production of \B\ meson pairs
in \FourS\ decays, produced by asymmetric \epem\ collisions
at the \pep2\ \BF\ at SLAC.
These measurements can be used to test  theoretical models of heavy
quark decay and to constrain the Unitarity Triangle (via the
sensitivity to the value of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix \cite{KM} element $V_{td}$).
The data set, collected from January to June, 2000, has an 
integrated luminosity of 8.9 \invfb\ on the \FourS\ resonance and 
0.8 \invfb\ collected 40 \mev\ below the \BB\ threshold. This 
corresponds to about $(10.1\pm 0.4) \times 10^6$ produced \BB\ pairs.
The resolution function and mistag rates determined from data
in the analyses described here are also used in \CP\ asymmetry 
measurements \cite{BabarPub0001}. 
%Novel analysis techniques designed for use at asymmetric \B\ Factories
%were developed to perform the measurements reported here.
%These techniques are the same as used in \CP\ violation asymmetry 
%measurements \cite{BabarPub0001}. 
%In this way \B\ lifetime and \B\ mixing measurements
%provide not only an important validation check but
%also a procedure to calibrate (using data) the
%detector resolution and the flavor mis-tagging rates for \CP\
%violation studies.


\section{Experimental Method}

The \babar\ detector is described in detail elsewhere
\cite{BabarPub0017}.  The analyses described here use
all the detector capabilities, including high resolution
tracking and calorimetry, particle identification and vertexing.

At \pep2\, the \B~meson pairs produced in the decay of the
\FourS\ resonance are moving in the lab frame along the
beam axis ($z$ direction) with a Lorentz boost of $\beta_z \gamma = 0.56$.
One \B~($\B_{\rm REC}$) is fully reconstructed in an all-hadronic
(\Bz $\to D^{(*)-} \pi^+,~D^{(*)-} \rho^+,~ D^{(*)-} a_1^+$,~\jpsi 
\Kstarz\ and \Bub $\to D^{(*)0} \pim,~ \jpsi K^-,~ \psitwos K^-$) or 
semileptonic decay mode ($\bztodstarlnu$) \footnote{Throughout this paper, 
conjugate modes are implied.}. 
A total of about 2600 neutral,
and a similar number of charged, \B\ candidates is
reconstructed in hadronic decay modes, with an average purity close to $90\%$. 
The background is mainly combinatorial. About 7500 \Bz's
are reconstructed in semileptonic modes, with an average purity of $\sim
84\%$. Backgrounds to the semileptonic mode are due to combinatorics, 
fake leptons, $c\bar c$ events, and charged \B\ decays from
%\B's (decays of type $B^-\rightarrow D^{*+}(n\pi) l^- \nu$). Fig. \ref{fig:breco} shows the
$B^-\rightarrow D^{*+}(n\pi) l^- \nu$. Fig. \ref{fig:breco} shows the
beam-energy substituted \B\ 
mass (\mes) distributions for the hadronic sample (left)
and the $D^* - D^0$ mass distribution for the semileptonic sample (right)
\cite{BabarPub0007,BabarPub0008}.

\begin{figure}[htb]
\vspace{9pt}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{cc}   
%  \epsfig{file=hadronicb0.eps,height=3.8cm,width=3.5cm}   & 
%  \epsfig{file=conf0007_fig02b.eps,height=3.8cm,width=3.5cm} \\
%  \epsfig{file=alldstalnu.eps,height=3.8cm,width=3.5cm}   & 
%      \\
  \epsfig{file=hadronicb0.eps,height=7.5cm}   & 
  \epsfig{file=alldstalnu.eps,height=7.5cm}  \\
\end{tabular}
\caption{Left: Beam-energy substituted mass distribution (\mes) for all the
  hadronic \Bz\ modes. Right:  $D^*~-D^0$ mass difference distribution
  for the $\bztodstarlnu$ sample.}
\end{center}
\label{fig:breco}
%\vskip-0.4cm
\end{figure}

%Since no particles emerge from the \FourS\ decay point, the production point of
%the \B\ mesons is unknown and 'the rest' of final state particles come
%from the other \B~meson ($\B_{\rm TAG}$). 
The separation between the two \B\ vertices along the boost direction,
$\Delta z = z_{\rm REC} - z_{\rm TAG}$, is measured and used to
estimate the decay time difference, $\Delta t \approx \Delta z/\beta_z
\gamma c$.
The  $\B_{\rm TAG}$ vertex is determined via
an inclusive procedure applied to all tracks 
not associated with the $\B_{\rm REC}$ 
meson \cite{BabarPub0007}. 
The typical separation between the two vertices is
$\deltaz = \beta_z \gamma c \tau_B \approx 260$\mum, to be compared to the
experimental resolution $\sim 110$\mum.
The $\Delta t$ resolution is dominated by the precision on the
$\B_{\rm TAG}$ vertex, and has little dependence on the decay mode of
the $\B_{\rm REC}$.  An event-by-event $\Delta z$ resolution is computed
and modified to fit the data by convolution with three Gaussians,
core, tail and outlier.
Most of the events, $\sim 70\%$, are in
the core Gaussian, with $\sigma \sim 0.6$ ps.
%Most of the events ($\approx 70\%$) are in the core Gaussian ($\sigma_1 \approx
%0.6$ ps), the remaining events residing in the tail Gaussian ($\sigma_1 \approx
%1.8$ ps). Tracks from forward-going charm decays included in the
%reconstruction of the opposite vertex induce a small bias ($\approx
%-0.2$ ps) for the core Gaussian. A small fraction of events ($\approx 1\%$) have large values of $\mid \Delta
%t \mid$, due to incorrectly reconstructed vertices. This is accounted
%by a third Gaussian with width $\sigma_3 \approx 8$ ps.
%$\Delta t$ resolution function is described
%by introducing global scale factors and applying them to the
%event-by-event resolution. 






\section{Lifetime Measurements}

The \Bz\ and \Bu\ lifetimes are extracted from a simultaneous
unbinned maximum likelihood fit to the $\Delta t$ distributions of the
signal candidates, assuming a common resolution function.
Only hadronic decays from a subsample of 7.4 \invfb\ integrated
luminosity (on-resonance) have been used. 
An empirical description of the $\Delta t$ background shape is assumed, using \mes\
sidebands with independent
parameters for neutral and charged mesons. Fig. \ref{fig:lifetime}
shows the $\Delta t$ distributions with the fit result superimposed. Table \ref{tab:lifesyst}
summarizes the contributions to the total error (see \cite{BabarPub0007} for details).


\begin{figure}[htb]
\begin{center}
\vspace{9pt}
\begin{tabular}{cc}   
  \epsfig{file=conf0007_fig06.eps,height=5.9cm}   & 
  \epsfig{file=conf0007_fig07.eps,height=5.9cm}  \\
\end{tabular}
\caption{$\Delta t$ distributions for \Bz/\Bzb\ (left) and \Bu/\Bub\
  (right) candidates in the signal region (\mes$>5.27$ \gevcc). The result of the lifetime
fit is superimposed. The background is shown by the hatched area.}
\label{fig:lifetime}
%\vskip-0.4cm
\end{center}
\end{figure}



\begin{table}[htb]
\begin{center}
\caption{Summary of uncertainties for the \B\ Lifetime measurements.}\label{tab:lifesyst}
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|} 
\hline 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{Source } & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{$\sigma(\tau_\Bz)$} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{$\sigma(\tau_\Bu)$} &

\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{$\sigma(\tau_\Bu / \tau_\Bz)$} \\


\hline
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{Data statistics} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.052} & 

\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.049} & 
  
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.044} \\

\hline

\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{MC statistics} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.016} & 

\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.014} & 
  
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.014} \\


 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{$\Delta t$ resolution} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.007} & 

\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.007} & 
  
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.008} \\


 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{$\Delta z$ outliers} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.016} & 

\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.020} & 
  
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.005} \\

 
%\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{Beam spot, $\vec{p}_{\rm REC}$} & 
 
%\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{-} & 

%\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{-} & 
  
%\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{-} \\



 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{alignment} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{-} & 

\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{-} & 
  
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{-} \\


 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{$z$ scale} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.015} & 

\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.016} & 
  
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{-} \\


 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{boost} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.006} & 

\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.006} & 
  
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{-} \\



 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{signal probability} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.003} & 

\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.002} & 
  
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.005} \\



 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{background} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.005} & 

\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.017} & 
  
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.011} \\

\hline

\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{Total systematics} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.029} & 

\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.035} & 
  
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.021} \\

\hline


\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\end{table}







\section{Time-dependent \BzBzb\ mixing}


A time-dependent \BzBzb\ mixing measurement 
requires the determination of the flavor of both \B's.
The $B_{\rm REC}$ flavor is known if it has been correctly reconstructed, 
and the flavor of the $B_{\rm TAG}$
is determined by 
exploiting the correlation between the flavor of the $\B_{\rm TAG}$
meson and the charge of its decay products \cite{BabarPub0008}. 
If there is an identified lepton its charge
is used; otherwise the summed charge of identified kaons provides the tag.
An event with no tagging leptons or kaons can still be tagged by
use of a neural net that exploits the flavor information carried by
other decay products, such as soft leptons from charm semileptonic decays and soft pions
from \Dstar\ decays.  

The effective flavor tagging efficiency is given by
$Q=\sum_i \epsilon_i (1-2\mistag_i)^2$ where 
the sum is over tagging categories, each characterized by 
a tagging efficiency $\epsilon_i$ and a probability to mis-identify 
the \B\ flavor, $\mistag_i$.  $Q$ is related to
the statistical significance of the measurement ($1/\sigma_{stat}^2
\sim N_{\B_{\rm TAG}} Q$).


From the time-dependent rate of mixed ($N_{mix}$) and unmixed
($N_{unmix}$) events, the mixing asymmetry 
$a(\Delta t) = (N_{unmix}-N_{mix})/(N_{unmix}+N_{mix})$ is
calculated as a function of $\Delta t$ and fit to the expected
cosine distribution, 
$$a(\Delta t) \propto (1-2\mistag) \cos \deltamd
\deltat \otimes {\cal {R}}( \Delta t | \hat{a} ) ,$$ 
where $\hat a$ are the parameters of the resolution function \cite{BabarPub0008}.
%This observable should show the expected cosine shape. 
A simultaneous unbinned likelihood fit to all the tagging categories,
assuming a common resolution function,
%to the mixing asymmetry frequency and its amplitude 
allows the determination of both \deltamd\
and the mistag rates, $\mistag_i$.
An empirical description of the backgrounds is determined
by fitting to background control samples taken from data, allowing for
the following components: i) zero lifetime, ii) non-zero lifetime with no
mixing, iii) non-zero lifetime with mixing (only for semileptonic decays).
Fig. \ref{fig:mixing}
shows the $a(\Delta t)$ distributions with the fit result superimposed. Table \ref{tab:mixingsyst}
summarizes all the contributions to the total error (see
\cite{BabarPub0008} for details).



\begin{figure}[htb]
\vspace{9pt}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{cc}   
%  \epsfig{file=Mixing1.eps,height=3.8cm,width=3.5cm}   & 
%  \epsfig{file=Mixing3.eps,height=3.8cm,width=3.5cm}  \\
%  \epsfig{file=Mixing4.eps,height=3.8cm,width=3.5cm}   & 
%  \epsfig{file=Mixing5.eps,height=3.8cm,width=3.5cm}  \\
  \epsfig{file=Mixing3.eps,height=8.0cm}  &
  \epsfig{file=Mixing5.eps,height=8.0cm}  \\
\end{tabular}
\caption{Time-dependent asymmetry $a(\Delta t)$ between unmixed and
      mixed events for (left) hadronic $B$ candidates with $\mes >
      5.27$\gevcc and (right) for \btodstarlnu\ candidates.}
\label{fig:mixing}
%\vskip-0.8cm
\end{center}
\end{figure}


\begin{table}[htb]
\begin{center}
\caption{Break-down of uncertainties for the \B\ Mixing measurements.}\label{tab:mixingsyst}
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|} 
\hline 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{Source } & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{$\sigma(\deltamd)$} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{$\sigma(\deltamd)$} \\

\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{ } & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{hadronic} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{semileptonic} \\


\hline
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{Data statistics} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.031} & 

\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.020} \\

\hline
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{MC statistics} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.011} & 

\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.009} \\


\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{$\Delta t$ resolution} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.011} & 
  
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.012} \\


\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{background $\Delta t$} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.002} & 
  
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.002} \\


\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{background dilutions} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{-} & 
  
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.006} \\


\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{background fractions} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.004} & 
  
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.006} \\


\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{\Bu\ background} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{-} & 
  
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.010} \\


\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{\Bz\ Lifetime} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.005} & 
  
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.006} \\


\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{$z$ scale} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.005} & 
  
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.005} \\


 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{boost} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.003} & 
  
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.003} \\

\hline


\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{Total systematics} & 
 
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.018} & 
  
\raisebox{0pt}[6pt][2pt]{0.022} \\

\hline


\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\end{table}




\section{Results}

The preliminary results for the \B\ meson lifetimes are
\begin{eqnarray*}
\tau_{\Bz} &=& 1.506 \pm 0.052\ {\rm (stat)} \pm 0.029\ {\rm (syst)}\ \ps, \\ 
\tau_{\Bu} &=& 1.602 \pm 0.049\ {\rm (stat)} \pm 0.035\ {\rm (syst)}\ \ps
\end{eqnarray*}
and for their ratio is
$$\tau_{\Bu}/\tau_{\Bz} = 1.065 \pm 0.044\ {\rm (stat)}\ \pm 0.021\ {\rm (syst)}.$$

From the hadronic \Bz\ sample we measure the \BzBzb\ oscillation frequency:
\begin{eqnarray*}
  \Delta m_d  &=&  0.516 \pm 0.031\ ({\rm stat})  \pm 0.018  ({\rm
  syst})\  \hbar {\rm ps}^{-1}
\end{eqnarray*}

\noindent
and from the $D^{*-}\ell^+\nu$ sample the result is
\begin{eqnarray*}
  \Delta m_d    &=&   0.508 \pm 0.020\ ({\rm stat}) {}\pm 0.022 ({\rm
  syst})\ \hbar  {\rm ps}^{-1}.
\end{eqnarray*}

\noindent
Combining the two \deltamd\ results,
%the \deltamd\ results from the hadronic and semileptonic
%\Bz\ samples,
%(taking into account correlated systematic erros), 
we obtain the preliminary result: 
\begin{eqnarray*}
\Delta m_d &=& 0.512 \pm  0.017 ({\rm stat})  \pm 0.022 ({\rm syst})\ \hbar {\rm ps}^{-1}.
\end{eqnarray*}
The mistag rates and $\Delta t$ resolution
function extracted from these fits are used 
in the \babar\ \CP\ violation asymmetry analysis \cite{BabarPub0001}.
The effective flavor tagging efficiency is found to be
$Q \approx 28\%$.

The above results are consistent with previous
measurements~\cite{PDG} and  are of
similar precision. They are also compatible with 
other \babar\ measurements \cite{christophe1,christophe2}. Significant
improvements are expected in the near future with the accumulation of
more data and further systematic studies.




%%%%% Acknowledgments
%%
%\subsection*{Acknowledgments}

%Notice that the Acknowledgments section is unnumbered.
%We thank A. Physicist and B. Physicist for discussions.


%%%%% Bibliography
%%
\begin{thebibliography}{9}


\bibitem{KM} M. Kobayashi and T. Maskawa, Prog. Theor. Phys. {\bf 49} (1973) 652.


\bibitem{BabarPub0001} 
\babar\ Collaboration, 
B.\ Aubert {\em et al.},
``A study of time-dependent \CP\ violating asymmetries in
$B^0\rightarrow J/\Psi K_S^0$ and $B^0\rightarrow \Psi(2S) K_S^0$  decays'', 
SLAC-PUB-8540, BABAR-CONF-00/01, July 2000, contributed paper to this Conference.
Preprint hep-ex/0008048.


\bibitem{BabarPub0017}
\babar\ Collaboration, 
B.\ Aubert {\em et al.},
``The first year of the \babar\ experiment at \pep2'', 
SLAC-PUB-8539, BABAR-CONF-00/17, July 2000, contributed paper to this Conference.

\bibitem{BabarPub0007}
\babar\ Collaboration, 
B.\ Aubert {\em et al.},
``A measurement of the charged and neutral \B\ meson lifetimes using
fully reconstructed decays'',
SLAC-PUB-8529, BABAR-CONF-00/07, July 2000, contributed paper to this Conference.
Preprint hep-ex/0008060.

\bibitem{BabarPub0008}
\babar\ Collaboration, 
B.\ Aubert {\em et al.},
``A measurement of the \Bz\Bzb\ oscillation frequency and determination
of flavor-tagging efficiency using semileptonic and hadronic \B\ decays'',
SLAC-PUB-8530, BABAR-CONF-00/08, July 2000, contributed paper to this Conference.
Preprint hep-ex/0008052.


\bibitem{PDG} D.E. Groom, {\em et al.}, \epjc{15}(2000) 1.

\bibitem{christophe1} B.\ Aubert {\em et al.},
``Measurement of the \Bz\ meson properties using partially
reconstructed \Bz\ to $D^{*-}\pi^+$ and \Bz\ to $D^{*-}\ell^+ \nu$
decays with the \babar\ detector'',
SLAC-PUB-8531, BABAR-CONF-00/09, July 2000, contributed paper to this Conference.
Preprint hep-ex/0008053.


\bibitem{christophe2} B.\ Aubert {\em et al.},
``Measurement of the time dependence of \Bz\Bzb\ oscillations using
inclusive dilepton events'',
SLAC-PUB-8532, BABAR-CONF-00/10, July 2000, contributed paper to this Conference.
Preprint hep-ex/0008054.










\end{thebibliography} 
%%
%%%%% End Bibliography

\end{document}
%%
%%%%% End slacpub-latex.tex
%%%%% EOF

hep-ex0009051.extracted_bib
\begin{thebibliography}{9}


\bibitem{KM} M. Kobayashi and T. Maskawa, Prog. Theor. Phys. {\bf 49} (1973) 652.


\bibitem{BabarPub0001} 
\babar\ Collaboration, 
B.\ Aubert {\em et al.},
``A study of time-dependent \CP\ violating asymmetries in
$B^0\rightarrow J/\Psi K_S^0$ and $B^0\rightarrow \Psi(2S) K_S^0$  decays'', 
SLAC-PUB-8540, BABAR-CONF-00/01, July 2000, contributed paper to this Conference.
Preprint hep-ex/0008048.


\bibitem{BabarPub0017}
\babar\ Collaboration, 
B.\ Aubert {\em et al.},
``The first year of the \babar\ experiment at \pep2'', 
SLAC-PUB-8539, BABAR-CONF-00/17, July 2000, contributed paper to this Conference.

\bibitem{BabarPub0007}
\babar\ Collaboration, 
B.\ Aubert {\em et al.},
``A measurement of the charged and neutral \B\ meson lifetimes using
fully reconstructed decays'',
SLAC-PUB-8529, BABAR-CONF-00/07, July 2000, contributed paper to this Conference.
Preprint hep-ex/0008060.

\bibitem{BabarPub0008}
\babar\ Collaboration, 
B.\ Aubert {\em et al.},
``A measurement of the \Bz\Bzb\ oscillation frequency and determination
of flavor-tagging efficiency using semileptonic and hadronic \B\ decays'',
SLAC-PUB-8530, BABAR-CONF-00/08, July 2000, contributed paper to this Conference.
Preprint hep-ex/0008052.


\bibitem{PDG} D.E. Groom, {\em et al.}, \epjc{15}(2000) 1.

\bibitem{christophe1} B.\ Aubert {\em et al.},
``Measurement of the \Bz\ meson properties using partially
reconstructed \Bz\ to $D^{*-}\pi^+$ and \Bz\ to $D^{*-}\ell^+ \nu$
decays with the \babar\ detector'',
SLAC-PUB-8531, BABAR-CONF-00/09, July 2000, contributed paper to this Conference.
Preprint hep-ex/0008053.


\bibitem{christophe2} B.\ Aubert {\em et al.},
``Measurement of the time dependence of \Bz\Bzb\ oscillations using
inclusive dilepton events'',
SLAC-PUB-8532, BABAR-CONF-00/10, July 2000, contributed paper to this Conference.
Preprint hep-ex/0008054.










\end{thebibliography}