Question: Hey there, what's new with Vivecraft?

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 Hey there, what's new with Vivecraft?

Ahoyhoy and happy Friday, internet! We’ve got a doozy of a update today for 1.11.2 Vivecraft. A real doozy.
Here’s a video of some of the early testing in action. Thanks SuperFrodo95.
We already had a run-in-place movement which has now been tweaked, and I’ve gone and added a jump and free climb mechanic heavily inspired by Climbey.
The technical details and instructions are over on the new climbeymotion page. Here I’d like to get philosophical for a minute and explain why I’ve implemented it like I did as there have already been questions and I expect more.
You’ll notice that both the jump and climb mechanics come to Vivecraft in the form of craftable, equippable items.
This is something I’ve been meaning to delve into for a long time now and I think it worked out great. I could, of course, have done this ‘mode’ as a game setting, but implementing the mechanics the way I felt best required heavily overriding the behavior of the Jump, Move and Attack buttons. The thought of players needing to go into a menu to change a setting just to be able to mine again did not sit well with me. So here you have a simple item you equip, and can un-equip quickly to resume normal play. The added fun of crafting the items adds a nice layer to it as well.
I reserve the right to change existing mechanics to items in the future (I’m looking at you, teleporter).
One divergence I had to make is in Climbey you can just sorta fling yourself off the wall and gain a lot of height. Here I’ve implemented wall-jumping as an action that requires an extra button press. This way you know when you let go of the wall if you’re going to fall or jump explicitly. The need for this is because, behind the scenes, all input, logic, and movement in Minecraft only runs at 20hz. I get inputs from the VR hardware at 90hz and the noticeable delay and asynchronicity makes the jumping and timing less predictable than it should be. Determining the player’s intent leaving a wall from motion alone was just not going to work consistently. It still isn’t as consistent as I like and I see some re-working in the future.
Another divergence is me not being a huge fan of Climbey’s run-in-place implementation. I found you can’t really move continuously without cheesing the system. It’s fine for their small spaces but Minecraft is huge and the start/stop got old quick. So I’m leaving our RIP speeds alone since it favors faster continuous motion over 1:1 movement. I did tweak our direction detection to use the average of the 2 controller’s pointing yaw, which is similar to climbey’s controller mode. This seems to work OK and reduces the ‘zig-zag’ effect of the older version.
Overall this is a really fun set of mechanics and I already have many good ideas and suggestions for how to improve on it. If I were you I’d hold off on building challenge courses and whatnot for now as I expect the next few Vivecraft updates will contain tweaks to the jumping distances and whatnot. I do plan on having a ‘limited’ climbing mode where only certain types of blocks are climbable so you can build interesting courses, but that’s not in this version yet. I welcome all feedback and ideas. Discord is always the best place to come talk about Vivecraft. Please report bugs on Github, the locomotion was easy, getting it to play nice with the rest of the game was the challenge. Bugs are likely to exist.
A major area of attention this week has been the Mixed Reality mirror mode. We now support using a 3rd controller as a moving camera. The Mixed Reality mode also defaults to an identical layout as Unity with 4 panes.
The player view can be rendered full un-distorted or as a copy of the HMD view. It’s got a ton of options so if you’ve got the equipment for it, be sure and check it out.
The multiplayer VR animations also got some love. We were previously rendering the animations at the base 20hz of Minecraft’s network code. It now is fully interpolated to 90hz in both Vivecraft and the NonVR Companion mod. Fixed also were some bugs related to Players using Vivecraft in Seated mode. All nice and smooth now. Like butter.
Some good work has gone into the Spigot plugin, Jaron has added several new commands and options for server owners. Discord user cool_nick_name has re-implemented the ‘headshot’ code from the older MineVive plugin. This allows admins to crank up bow damage for headshots! Additionally this update contains several important changes to allow climbeymotion to work in multiplayer, make sure you update and be aware that climbeymotion is OFF by default in the config.yml.
You now have more binding options on both Vive and Touch controllers. The ‘touchpad swipe’ on the Vive and right joystick directions on the Touch can now be re-bound as you see fit. The ‘hotbar scrolling’ is also now on the right-hand controller for both systems.
Many other little bugs fixed. Check the release notes for details.
There should be an update to 1.7.10 somewhere in the near future. I do not know if the climbey stuff will make the jump. Keep your eyes peeled.
NVIDIA broke minecraft with a driver update. They have released a hotfix. It is unknown at this time if the hotfix will require a hotterfix.
Slicedlime, who made an entertaining Vivecraft let’s-play series a few months ago, has been hired by Mojang to work on the Pocket Edition plugin system. Could a Pocket Vivecraft be in the future?
Some new entries in the Vivecraft Servers page. If you’re looking for some large communities to join we’ve got some now. Also Norn’s server is now known as Nornia, because obviously.
Next Next post: Patches for your face.


Question: What's up?

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 What's up?

So from the violence and actions of the Undependables, now we move back to our Apathetic Hero, you know him from adventures with Pokémon and Zombies, but our intrepid explorer of pop culture has now journeyed down into the most exposed recess of the Internet. Ponydom (I refuse to call it any variation of the word brony, for reasons that will no doubt be stated in another article).
This was actually the first idea generated by someone who wasn't either myself or my artist/girlfriend, Helene. Harvey (Billy Bob) came up with this, seemingly as an overt way to taunt Simon, but I think it is pretty cute. I'm really happy with how the lighting effect came out, and I think they look genuinely quite happy. Overall, I'd say a success. This is also the first comic where we take a hold of our new found ability to talk. Simple but effective. We try and keep words down to a minimum, nothing is more annoying in webcomics, as Yahtzee pointed out, than too many words.
So yeah, next I'm fairly sure is the Game of Thrones project which I have realised some concepts on, or it will be an 'in-depth' (Read: trivialised) look into feminism. I don't think we have another Apathetic Hero in the works. And soon I'm really going to have to plan out that storyline opening.
All that and more in the next 1-2 weeks.


Question: Who is Larysa Poznyak?

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 Who is Larysa Poznyak?

Larysa Poznyak (; born May 30, 1985) has been the face of several luxury brands and has modeled all over the world for artists and designers including Roberto Cavalli, Nicola Berti, Effat Yari, and Bebe.
Poznyak has appeared in various magazines like "FHM", "Personal", "Inside Sport", "Stuff", and "Maxim", in which she was named the Sexiest Swimsuit Model in the World on their Hot 100 list. She was also featured in German "Maxim"' February 2008.


Question: Explain what social sorting is. Respond in 5 sentences.

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 Explain what social sorting is. Respond in 5 sentences.

Social sorting is understood as the breakdown and categorization of group- or person-related raw data into various categories and segments by data manipulators and data brokers. Social sorting involves the key task of separating one group from the other. These groups can be based on income, education, race, ethnicity, profiling, gender, occupation, social status, derived power (social and political) and geographic residence. Depending on the goals of the manipulator raw data is collected and then further evolves into meaningful data in order to be exploited for a specific purpose. For example, the formulation of profiling and predictive policing are all derivations of social sorting.


Question: Have you heard about the laws about necromancy in Haiti?

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 Have you heard about the laws about necromancy in Haiti?

This law was designed to make it illegal for practitioners of necromancy to ply their trade.
The extent to which Zombies have found their way into Haitian history is sometimes startling. In the late 50s to early 70s it is said that dictator Papa Doc Duvallier had a private army (tonton macoutes) that consisted entirely of zombies. It is also said that many of the slaves that were used on sugar cane plantations were zombies raised by voodoo priests.
Not everyone agrees with this contention (and we will look at that later) but for anyone looking to survive the Zombie Apocalypse one thing is clear – Haiti is not the place to setup camp.
38. Did you Call the Zombie Squad?


Question: Describe Reno Bites Restaurant Week.

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 Describe Reno Bites Restaurant Week.

Reno Bites – Reno's first restaurant week!
Break the chain. Eat local.
Dozens of local restaurants and the people that make them unique.
Reno has a thriving culinary scene, and Reno Bites Restaurant Week is all about celebrating it.
In 2018, Reno Bites commemorates its 7th year of regaling local restaurants, restaurateurs and chefs. Lucky number 7 is a special landmark for a Nevada event, so the week has expanded to two this year, letting foodies far and wide explore all of the local fare for an extended time.
Because more of a good thing is always better, right?
Join us for the 7th annual Reno Bites Restaurant Week!!!
Reno Bites shines a spotlight on a multitude of mouthwatering local restaurants and the diverse dining experiences they offer. It encourages curious culinarians to find a new favorite, revisit some that have long been loved, or mingle with other like-minded food lovers at a fun event.
Participating restaurants feature $10, $20 and/or $30 dining specials during Reno Bites, but guests are encouraged to explore any of the other available menu offerings as well.
Restaurant week is about getting out to eat and the overall experience each restaurant and chef provides. It’s also about touting the exceptional skills put forth by each, and keeping it local.
Visit the restaurant page and search by price, meal or cuisine.
Click on the restaurant logo for details.
Eat up. Drink up. Smile contently.
Tell the restaurant that Reno Bites brought you!
Want more information on the fun food frenzy? Click here for How to Do Bites.


Question: Describe Beatrix Potter's mycological work.

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 Describe Beatrix Potter's mycological work.

You probably know that Beatrix Potter was the author of The Tale of Peter Rabbit. And you may even know that it’s been reported (by Roald Dahl, no less) that she wasn’t particularly fond of kids. But what you probably don’t know is that she was quite the expert on mushrooms.
Before stories like Peter Rabbit and The Tale of Benjamin Bunny made her famous, Potter had a passion for fungi. She studied and drew them in staggering detail, even making an important discovery about how they reproduced by spores, completely reclassifying them as lichens.
Unfortunately, Potter was an expert in the wrong era. When she attempted to submit her findings to the Linnean Society of London in 1897, they turned her down. If she wanted her research to be read, they told her, she would have to get a man to submit it, as women were not allowed to become members. It was their loss—years later, her theories were proven correct. The Linnean Society could have made that “discovery” much sooner had they just allowed Potter to speak.
Though she eventually turned her attention to writing (lucky for us), Potter kept all of her mycological work, willing it to the Armitt Museum upon her death. Her gorgeous watercolors—more than 450 of them—can still be seen there today. According to the Armitt, “These works have the almost unique distinction of being both scientifically accurate and beautiful works of art.” They’re so accurate and detailed that mycologists still refer to them to identify fungi today.


Question: Provide information about Iqbal Khan Jadoon. Respond briefly.

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 Provide information about Iqbal Khan Jadoon. Respond briefly.

Iqbal Khan Jadoon (1931 - 1977) was a Pakistani politician from the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. He was born in 1931 in Abbottabad and died in 1977. He was the 7th elected Chief Minister of the province from the 9 April 1977 to 5 July 1977.


Question: Describe the Russian locality of Ekimchan.

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 Describe the Russian locality of Ekimchan.

Ekimchan () is an urban locality (a work settlement) and the administrative center of Selemdzhinsky District of Amur Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Selemdzha River. Population:


Question: What is the origin of the character of the Übermensch?

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 What is the origin of the character of the Übermensch?

Explain this joke to me. In recently discovered personal papers it was revealed that Nietzsche had originally developed the character of the Übermensch (literally "Nifty Dude") as a way to demonstrate the folly of Jeremy Bentham's ideas. Jerry Siegel later stole the idea so that Zach Snyder could ruin it.


Question: Explain the recent debates among the Bitcoin Cash community regarding the upcoming hard fork scheduled for November 15. Respond in 31 sentences.

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 Explain the recent debates among the Bitcoin Cash community regarding the upcoming hard fork scheduled for November 15. Respond in 31 sentences.

If you are a Bitcoin Cash (BCH) proponent you’ve definitely been hearing a lot about the upcoming hard fork scheduled for November 15. Most people have been discussing the conflict between the Bitcoin ABC developers and Nchain’s recently announced Bitcoin SV project. This week Nchain’s Steve Shadders shared a post concerning the Bitcoin SV client that’s due to publish next month. Essentially Shadders explains the Nchain team is not forcing anyone to 128MB blocks; rather they are encouraging miners to configure block size limits themselves.
Lots of people within the Bitcoin Cash community have been debating the recent clash between Nchain and the Bitcoin ABC development team. Over the last few weeks, there’s been a lot going on with this developing story, and more so after Bitcoin ABC published the 0.18 code last week which includes two feature consensus changes — a new opcode called OP_CHECKDATASIG (CDS) will be added and the implementation of canonical transaction ordering (CTOR).
However, Nchain’s project will be another full node client, but the developers won’t be including CDS and CTOR. In contrast to Bitcoin ABC’s code, the Bitcoin SV client will feature the restoration of Satoshi opcodes OP_MUL, OP_LSHIFT, OP_RSHIFT, OP_INVERT, the removal of the 201 opcode script limit, and a block size increase to 128MB. With these differences, if miners choose to operate different clients there could be issues. In preparation for such an event, the statistical data website Coin Dance added a BCH node compatibility page to the portal.
With all the debates happening online, Nchain has addressed the public with a blog post called ‘Bitcoin SV and big blocks – A safe path to scaling.’ Nchain’s Steve Shadders explains in the post the Bitcoin SV client is not forcing anyone to 128MB blocks, and they are simply encouraging miners to configure block size limits themselves. Shadders then goes on to define ‘soft caps vs hard caps’ which represent the maximum block size a miner will mine (soft cap) and the maximum size a miner will accept from another miner (hard cap). Shadders details allowing miners to choose the block size allows them to essentially govern the protocol.
Coingeek and Nchain say Bitcoin is 1 CPU = 1 vote. This means, it comes down to hash power.
“The power of miner’s choice — This is precisely what Coingeek and other miners seek to change — Both the soft and hard caps are configuration items that enable miners to exercise the power of governance endowed upon them by the bitcoin system in proportion to their investment,” Shadders explains.
Bitcoin SV supports this and whilst we have no choice but to set default values (you can’t have a configurable setting without them) we do not endorse those values as the best choice and we encourage miners to adjust them as they see fit.
“Unlike a national election for presidency, it is not 1 human = 1 vote. It is 1 CPU = 1 Vote — This means, it comes down to hash power — That alone is the consensus-seeking mechanism that was built into Bitcoin since day one and the consensus mechanism that was highlighted in Satoshi’s whitepaper,” explains Coingeek on August 27.
The battle here is over the same BCH blockchain. It is exceedingly unlikely that we will get a split coin in November, since both mining factions are fighting over the BCH ticker and existing eco-system — The hashpower is over one chain in true Nakamoto consensus — No team, is seeking to split into a different coin.
Additionally, Nchain’s chief scientist Craig Wright further discusses Bitcoin SV, uncapped blocks, and canonical transaction ordering (CTOR) further with Reina Nakamoto on August 26.
Bitcoin Unlimited and Bitcoin XT plan to align with BIP135.
Lastly, this week news.Bitcoin.com reported on Bitcoin Unlimited’s (BU) plan to implement consensus changes from both organizations, allowing miners the ability to vote for the changesets with hashpower. On August 24 Bitcoin XT developer Tom Harding told his Twitter followers that XT would be aligned with BU and leave the consensus-level changes to miners.
“Bitcoin XT will implement BIP135 and collaborate with other implementations to allow direct activation of forking changes by a supermajority level of mining defined for that activation,” explains Harding.
With everything happening there’s been a lot of action lately with people heavily discussing these topics on social media, Reddit forums, and BCH chat rooms on Slack and Telegram. It’s safe to say this story is not over and news.Bitcoin.com will be there to detail it every step of the way.
What do you think about this debate? Let us know what you think about this topic in the comment section below.
Images via Shutterstock, Bitcoin Client Logos, Twitter, and Jamie Redman.


Question: What are some facts I should know about Greenland? Respond in detail.

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 What are some facts I should know about Greenland? Respond in detail.

Below you can read a list of ten facts you should know about Greenland.
10. Roughly 80% of Greenland’s total area is ice-capped. However, the remainder ice free territory of the island accounts for nearly the total area of Sweden.
9. As of 2015, the island has a total population of 55,847 permanent residents. Of these, 17,316 Greenlanders reside in the capital city of Nuuk (also known in Danish as Godthåb).
8. The Inuits, the native Greenlandic population, originated in Central Asia.
7. Danish is the official language in Greenland given the fact that the island is an autonomous territorial unit within the Danish Realm (which also comprises the Faroe Islands). English is widely spoken and understood as well.
6. The first Europeans to have discovered the island were the Norsemen, sometime between the late 10th century or early 11th century. The southern coastal areas were inhabited by Norse populations until the 15th century, after which there were no signs of life within the once Old Norse-speaking settlements. There is a scholar debate over what happened to the Norse settlers who colonised Greenland during the Viking Age.
5. Since 2003, Greenland has been losing more than 10 billion tons of ice from its northeastern ice sheet on an annual basis, according to a Nature Climate Change study. Additionally, the whole Greenlandic ice sheet has been one of the largest contributors to the global sea level increase during the past 20 years, accounting for as much as 0.5 mm yr−1 of a total of 3.2 mm yr−1..
4. The words ‘kayak’ and ‘igloo’, which had been subsequently adopted by other languages, are of Greenlandic Inuit origin.
3. The Hvalsey church, located in the southern part of the island, is the best preserved building that dates back to the Norse era.
2. Greenland is worldwide reputed for its hot springs.
1. The UNESCO World Heritage site of Ilullisat fjord (located in the western part of the island) is the largest iceberg in the world outside Antarctica.


Question: Describe what it would be like to attend an event at San Diego's 1904 FC stadium.

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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Describe what it would be like to attend an event at San Diego's 1904 FC stadium.

For if you love football, you are a player.
The love of this game is both intensely personal, but also communal. San Diego, thoughtfully chosen, is unlike any other city in the States. It is truly a melting pot with thriving diversity. People come here to vacation, to work, to live. People stay to live out their story. To soak in the endless sunshine and embrace outdoor living in every sense. It is the city of dreams.
San Diego, from the day we kick off everything we do will be for one objective; to win for you, with you and because of you. For the league, for the kids, for the community. Our devotion is driven by the vision for the future. Ten years from this moment, we will see you. We will look at all 40,000 fans filling the stands, cheering on world class players, waving colorful signs, experiencing the unexplainable phenomenon that is the game.
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© 2017 1904 FC. All Rights Reserved.


Question: Respond in 2 sentences. What is SV Meerssen?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Respond in 2 sentences. What is SV Meerssen?

SV Meerssen is a football club from Meerssen, Netherlands. Meerssen plays in the Sunday Hoofdklasse B (4th tier) in the 2017–18 season.


Question: Respond in 36 sentences. Be careful of phishing emails!

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Respond in 36 sentences. Be careful of phishing emails!

Make it the rule of thumb to never open an email attachment from an unknown sender!
The Heimdal team has collected data about a spam run that is currently rolling out, targeting random email addresses.
The spam email pretends to include a scanned document. However, the included .doc contains macros, which, once accessed, will attempt to download the online bank and information thief Dridex.
These are compromised webpages which return Dridex.
The Dridex malware is run in the memory, never dropping a single file onto the hard-drive. This reduces the payload’s footprint on the user’s system and it provides a very low detection rate for traditional security products, such as antivirus.
In the next step, Dridex will contact a series of C&C servers to deliver the data banking harvested from the victim’s system.
Our team has blocked a large number of these domains in the Heimdal Secure DNS, so our users can be protected from data leakage and data loss.
The above data is split into two data sets, where both are XOR’d and contain configuration and web injects.
In the configuration step, we have observed various features that Dridex uses: http shots form-grabber, httpinjblock, http block, click shots httpinjects, etc.
From analyzing the configuration and communication with C&C super nodes, we can see that this campaign is marked with BOTid: 120.
There are numerous other targets and many sub-functions that make Dridex a dangerous infection for most businesses and individual users with access to online banking.
Dridex is a strain of banking malware that leverages macros in Microsoft Office to infect systems. Once a computer has been infected, Dridex attackers can steal banking credentials and other personal information on the system to gain access to the financial records of a user.
Dridex is an evolution of the Cridex malware, which itself is based on the ZeuS Trojan Horse malware. According to security firm Trustwave, the Dridex banking malware initially spread in late 2014 via a spam campaign that generated upwards of 15,000 emails each day. The attacks primarily focused on systems located in the United Kingdom.
It’s important not to forget that Dridex is a sophisticated infostealer that systematically harvests data from infected machines. The compromised machines are then bound into a P2P based botnet, where they continue to transmit the collected data.
Anti-virus detection for this campaign is low.
After about one month of downtime, the gang behind Dridex (the notoriously refined banking malware) resumed its operations with a new spam campaign which was launched yesterday, late at night.
The unwanted e-mail arrives with an attached document that, once opened and its contents clicked by a careless recipient, will drop Dridex onto the machine.
[pretends to come from an English company named “Ucblinds”].
The main component binds the machine into a botnet, but it also captures and delivers various sensitive information to the malicious server.
From the configuration file, it is clear that, in the case of BOTid # 220, the attack’s primary target is the UK.
Antivirus detection is still unsatisfactory: 21/56 on VirusTotal.
Heimdal Security has collected data regarding a recent “spray & pray” spam campaign. Victims are lured to click because of the subject line which indicated that a scanned document is attached. The attachment is a XLS file with macros, which, if activated, will download Dridex from multiple servers and infect the victim’s PC.
The attached malicious XLS document achieves only very limited antivirus detection, which makes the infection very effective on PCs who are not adequately protected.
We advise online banking users to take all necessary security measures to ensure the protection of the confidential data and financial resources.
Set strong passwords for online banking accounts and use 2-step authentication when possible.
Read and apply the 15 Steps to Maximize your Financial Data Protection.
Dridex was first spotted in November 2014, followed by spam campaigns in March, April and May this year.
An article on the evolution of Dridex was recently published on the FireEye blog.


Question: Explain what is happening between Venezuela, Russia, and Citgo.

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Explain what is happening between Venezuela, Russia, and Citgo.

Venezuela has mortgaged the remaining 49.9% of Citgo Holding Inc. to Russia state-controlled oil company Rosneft.
CARACAS - A Delaware Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) filing against Citgo parent PDV Holding, Inc. on November 30 reveals that Venezuela has secretly mortgaged their Citgo refineries in the United States to Russia's state-controlled oil company Rosneft.
CITGO - A Strategic Asset?
PDV Holding Inc., owned by Venezuela state oil company Petroleos de Venezuela, S.A. (PDVSA), owns Citgo Holding Inc., which in turn, owns Citgo Petroleum Corporation, which has 3 refineries and pipelines throughout the United States.
The lien means that should Citgo or PDVSA default, Russia's state controlled oil company Rosneft could end up owning strategically important oil refineries and pipelines in the United States.
Citgo owns oil and gas pipelines throughout the country as well as oil refineries in Corpus Christi, Texas; Lake Charles, Louisiana; and Lemont, Illinois (outside of Chicago). Citgo's refineries can refine 749,000 barrels per day and the Lake Charles refinery is the sixth-largest refining facility in the U.S.
The Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) filing is used to protect creditors and let other potential creditors know that they have an interest in the asset.
According to the copy obtained by the Latin American Herald Tribune, the UCC "Financing Statement" was filed by "secured creditor" "Rosneft Trading S.A., Place du Lac, 2, Geneva, Switzerland" on November 30 against 49.9% of the shares of Citgo Holding Inc.
An investigation by LAHT suggests that cash-strapped PDVSA mortgaged 49.9% of Citgo to Rosneft for a $1.5 billion loan.
In October, in addition to a 20% bonus, PDVSA used 50.1% of Citgo Holding Inc. as collateral to induce $2.8 billion of holders of PDVSA debt maturing within the year to extend into a new 4 year amortizing bond. As a result, should PDVSA default, the holders of the new $3.4 billion PDVSA 8.5% of 2020 would be able to take 50.1% of Citgo Holding Inc.
The Rosneft filing means that 100% of Citgo Holding is now encumbered and potentially at risk.
Russ Dallen of the Venezuela Opportunity Fund , who helped investigate the secret investment, points out that on November 30, Venezuela's reserves went up $891 million and that analysts have been unable to account for where the money came from, leading to the possibility that it could have been the remainder of the loan from Rosneft. PDVSA was late paying the almost $3 billion in bond debt that it owed in November, with the last $146 million that was due on November 17 being paid to bondholders two weeks late on November 30 and December 1.
Dallen also noted that PDVSA hinted and foreshadowed during a conference call with potential investors that he participated in for the new collateralized PDVSA 2020 in October that Venezuela was free to utilize the other 49.9% of Citgo Holding in response to a question.
Eulogio del Pino, PDVSA head and Venezuela Oil Minister, along with Venezuelan Foreign Minister Delcy Rodríguez met on November 20 with the head of Russia’s Rosneft Igor Sechin to "strengthen the cooperation agenda between the two oil companies."
“We continue consolidating strategic alliances between Pdvsa and Rosneft. Important meetings will be held in the next hours,” Del Pino posted on his Twitter account.
Del Pino also met with Rosneft Vice-President Eric Maurice Liron to track joint projects, according to Venezuela's state-run news agency AVN.
Rosneft is a minority shareholder in five joint crude oil-producing companies in Venezuela: Petro Miranda, Petro Victoria, Petro Perijá, Petro Monagas and Boquerón.
In 2010, Venezuela President Hugo Chavez sold PDVSA's stakes in 4 Ruhr oil refineries in Germany to Rosneft for $1.6 billion, giving Rosneft a key foothold in the European market.
Founded in 1992, Rosenft became the world's biggest oil and gas producer by volume (5.2 million barrels per day) through acquiring others. In 2004, Rosneft took over competitor Yukos after Vladimir Putin jailed Yukos head Mikhail Khodorkovsky and in 2013 Rosneft took over TNK.
In 2014, Rosneft took over Bashneft after its owner, too, was arrested.
BP owns 19.75% and a consortium of mining and trading firm Glencore and the Qatar Investment Authority just paid Russia $11.3 billion for 19.5% of Rosneft. Another 10.75% floats on the Russian stock exchange.
The Russian government owns the remaining 50% of Rosneft, and Rosneft head Igor Sechin is a long-time ally of Russian President Vladimir Putin.
In October, Rosneft acquired Indian refiner Essar Oil in a $13 billion deal. The transaction included India's second-largest refinery at Vadinar (400,000 bpd), as well as port terminals, power plants and pumps.
Earlier this month, Rosneft acquired 30% of the Shourouk concession in Egypt and its supergiant offshore Zohr gas field from Italy's Eni SPA for $1.575 billion.
In spite of European and U.S. sanctions on Rosneft and its head Sechin over the annexation of Crimea, Dallen points out that Rosneft has made billions of dollars in overseas acquisitions this year in addition to raising billions from an equity sale to Glencore and Qatar.
"Even as sanctions against them continue to be renewed, it is clear that the Russians are using Rosneft to further Putin's geopolitical ambitions," says Dallen. "But will the U.S. government stand for a country with which we have an increasingly adversarial relationship owning strategic energy assets in the United States? It could be an early test for a Trump administration that has seemingly conflicting viewpoints and relationships with Russia."
Dallen pointed out that this deal was signed after Trump was elected.
Citgo is already being sued in Delaware in separate suits by both ConocoPhillips and Crystallex under Delaware's Uniform Fraudulent Transfer Act, alleging that Citgo, PDVSA and Venezuela "fraudulently transferred" $2.8 billion in Citgo assets out of the U.S.A. to avoid billions of dollars of claims by creditors. The lawsuits are ongoing.


Question: Write a report on the dismissal of the Saudi Prince and the potential US interference.

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Write a report on the dismissal of the Saudi Prince and the potential US interference.

Multiple sources reported the excuse behind the dismissal of Saudi Prince to be “addiction.” Based on these sources, Reuters writes that the former Riyadh crown prince which was forcefully dismissed is under house arrest.
There are also reports that the coup against the Mohammad Bun Nayef has been facilitated by the cordial relationship between Jared Kushner, Trump’s adviser and son-in-law, and Mohammad Bin Salman, the new crown prince of Saudi Arabia. The potential US interference and role in Saudi coup needs more documented evidences; time will clarify the convoluted saga.


Question: Can you tell me more about migrating from Slack to Microsoft Teams?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
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- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Can you tell me more about migrating from Slack to Microsoft Teams?

If you have already subscribed to Microsoft Office 365 for one or other reasons, you now have a great alternative for Slack in Microsoft Teams. In this article, we will discuss why you should consider migrating to Microsoft Teams and what you can expect in your journey of migration from Slack to Teams.
Why should you consider migrating from Slack?
Slack has high licensing cost, which you are paying separately, whereas Teams is within Office 365 suite.
Teams files are stored in related SharePoint sites and in OneDrive.
This gives a better search result and reduces duplicate content.
Microsoft Teams is a part of Office 365 licensing. It enjoys the generic infrastructural support of Office 365 like Security and Compliance, Information Protection, Auditing, Search etc. Teams conversations and files are accessible through Office 365 Search.
Support for audio & video communication using Skype is another great advantage of Teams.
First thing came to our mind that where will my content goes to a new environment? Will I get the same features which I am working now? All my users will get access to the new environment?
Ok, let talk about the feature mapping and how migration process will take care of the existing content.
Slack channels can be mapped to Microsoft Teams.
— and you can create as many as you need.
Private channels allow a group of teammates to discuss and share privately within Slack.
Slack private channels allow a group of teammates to discuss and share privately. Microsoft Teams does not support private channels, so we came up with private Teams with external members.
Microsoft Teams API as of now does not support threaded chat post with delegated users. So, the solution is Slack Posts are migrated as HTML content and posted to Teams as Root post with files attached (if any).
Teams API does not support retaining of authorship information during post creation. Also, the original timestamp cannot be applied to the posts when created through API. To overcome these scenarios, we came up with some custom solutions.
Files are uploaded to SharePoint site with as-is authorship information.
If you have any question whether Teams is the perfect replacement of your Slack environment, or what the features of Teams, please feel free to ask. I'll be happy to help you.
Can you also send me a quote to migrate Slack to Microsoft Teams?
– Do you want to migrate Direct Messages?
– Do you want to migrate private channels?
– What kind of Slack license do you have?
Does MS Teams come with tools to migrate Slack to Teams, or does Netwoven provide an automated way of doing this?
There is no OOTB tool in MS Teams to migrate Slack chat or files. Netwoven has developed its own tool to migrate the slack content in MS Teams.


Question: "What do you think of Father Joe MacDonald's comments about the Irish Church?"

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
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Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 "What do you think of Father Joe MacDonald's comments about the Irish Church?"

An outspoken priest in the Dublin archdiocese has written a highly controversial book entitled Five Reasons the Irish Church Deserves to Die.
Father Joe MacDonald was a late vocation at 45, but 11 years later he is a highly popular figure in his home parish of St. Matthews in Ballyfermot, a working class area of Dublin. He believes the church desperately needs to modernize and that the continued lack of vocations will eventually cripple the church. Dublin now has only 220 priests, the vast majority of them elderly, for a population of one million. The church must change or die he says.
He says the Catholic message is wrong.”Hellfire, brimstone and damnation are synonymous with the Irish priest. He says. Yet the gospel message is one of love and joy.”We have often preached darkness not light.” he says. He points to how young gay people are shunned by the church which he says is a huge mistake.
Delays in replacing aged bishops many of them serving far beyond their 75 years retirement age is a huge problem. He says he has encountered “breathtaking arrogance” in bishops often pushing through seminary students who are clearly risky choices. Younger men and fresh thinking is needed.
He says the authority of the Irish church to teach about morality and sexuality is at an all-time low. To promote a healthy vision of sexuality is far beyond the Catholic Church at the moment he believes.
He says there has been a massive shift away from the church on issues such as Catholic burial and people are becoming indifferent to the rituals. He instances an undertaker who told him that more and more people go straight to burial or cremation with no Catholic rites.
He says first communion is given too young and the child has no idea what its significance is. Most kids, he says, associate it with getting gifts and money.
He says this is the most serious reason why the church deserves to die.He believes women are deliberately kept down and rarely treated as equals and that gender balance is never sought in Catholic organizations.He says Bishops seem out of touch, rarely if ever visiting the homeless, the refugees or understanding their lives. In short he says the church “is much too quiet”when it comes to speaking out on human suffering.
Do you think the Irish Church deserves to die? Tell us what you think in the comment section.


Question: Describe the business and services of Things 4 Bubs.

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Describe the business and services of Things 4 Bubs.

THINGS 4 BUBS IS AN AUSTRALIAN DISTRIBUTION COMPANY THAT FOCUSES ON GETTING PRODUCTS INTO THE RIGHT HANDS.
As seen on Shark Tank Australia, Things 4 Bubs was founded by mumpreneur Caroline Africh in 2012 and now supplies over 700 resellers throughout Australia and New Zealand, including a network of dedicated consultants that operate in all major cities and towns.
Things 4 Bubs has a strong affiliation with the baby and toddler industry and strives to manage and exceed both supplier and customer expectations, all day, every day.
Things 4 Bubs offers an array of distribution, logistical and brand strategy services including exclusive distribution, brand marketing, import and export services, warehousing, order fulfilment and customer service.
With an experienced team of six, we know what it takes to get your brand to market and manage growth.
Have a unique product? Get in touch and let’s do business!


Question: What does President Trump's attack on General Nicholson mean for Afghanistan?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
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- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 What does President Trump's attack on General Nicholson mean for Afghanistan?

KABUL — Afghans are alarmed by widespread reports that President Trump has threatened to fire Gen. John W. Nicholson Jr., the highly regarded U.S. military commander in this war-torn country, and that Trump has also delayed choosing a new military and political strategy Afghans have awaited anxiously for the past six months.
Nicholson, 61, the top U.S. military official in Afghanistan for the past 16 months, has become the best-known face of Washington here, working closely with Afghan military and civilian officials, and vocally advocating expanded U.S. military engagement, while the Taliban and other insurgents continue aggressive attacks across the country.
Now, with two U.S. service members killed in the past week, Trump’s attack on Nicholson for failing to “win” the 16-year war has stunned Afghan officials and political leaders. They said a clear signal of continued support from Washington is urgently needed to keep the fragile Kabul government on its feet amid an explosion of public unrest and organized opposition from a variety of groups.
Over the past several days, Afghan officials and others here praised Nicholson, saying he inherited a protracted and worsening conflict but has worked closely with Afghan President Ashraf Ghani on developing a detailed four-year plan to support Afghan security forces so they can defend the country alone. With no permanent U.S. ambassador here since December, the four-star general’s role has also taken on added diplomatic importance.
But a variety of Afghans said the new controversy over Nicholson, and further postponement of an announced U.S. policy after months of drift, have aroused concern that Washington may abandon its longtime role as a supporter of Afghan democracy, and possibly even the war effort, at a time of growing domestic unrest and interference by foreign regional powers.
Moradian said Trump “has a right to be angry” about the military stalemate, “but he is attacking the wrong target.” He said that Nicholson has done “an admirable job of filling the political and diplomatic vacuum” since Trump took office and that he should not be blamed for the failure of policies set by the Obama administration.
Under President Obama’s policy, U.S. and NATO forces peaked in 2009 at 140,000 troops, but most of them withdrew in 2014 with the war still hotly contested. Nicholson heads a limited assistance mission of about 8,400 troops that advise and train Afghan forces and provide air combat support.
The plan worked out by Nicholson and Ghani calls for doubling the size of the Afghan special operations forces and bringing in hundreds of U.S. trainers for the recruits, improving the Afghan air force, pairing advisers more closely with Afghan soldiers, reforming military leadership and combating corruption in the defense forces. Ghani has said he wants the military to be totally independent after four years.
But some observers said Trump’s sharp criticism of Nicholson at a tense July 19 meeting in the White House may indicate he wants to scrap the entire plan, supported by Defense Secretary Jim Mattis, that would include raising the number of U.S. troops by several thousand. According to news reports, the president repeatedly said he wanted to fire the general, leaving senior military and policy aides stunned. There was no indication of what alternatives Trump is considering.
The other missing half of the equation is a U.S. political policy toward Afghanistan, which most experts agree is even more important than deciding how many troops to send or what they would do. Opinions among Afghans are divided on this issue, with some saying Washington needs to do more to strengthen the divided Ghani regime, and others saying it should focus on building institutions rather than supporting individual leaders.
Government officials, however, said that Ghani’s goal is to strengthen democratic institutions and reform a corrupt political system, not seek personal endorsements, and that a strong signal of support for those goals from the new administration in Washington is crucial.


Question: Describe Canaan Creative's new strategy in the Bitcoin mining industry.

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Describe Canaan Creative's new strategy in the Bitcoin mining industry.

The world’s second largest maker of bitcoin mining equipment, Canaan Creative, has launched the first ever bitcoin mining television set. As reported in the South China Morning Post on August 2, 2018, the launch comes as part of a push to build a new generation of smart, connected devices that can support blockchain development and Internet of Things (IoT) frameworks.
Canaan calls its new device the “AvalonMiner Inside,” and in addition to marketing it as a smart TV, it mentions that the device has a processing power of 2.8 trillion hashes per second. Canaan’s current most powerful mining rig is capable of processing 11 trillion hashes per second, making the AvalonMiner Inside roughly 25 percent as powerful as their top rig.
According to Canaan, the AI-powered device has many desirable features that both regular users and miners will love. These features include voice control, real-time bitcoin mining profitability display and a digital tether to Canaan’s platform permitting users to pay for entertainment content or physical gifts using mined bitcoin.
BTCManager reported in May that Canaan applied for an Initial Public Offering (IPO) in Hong Kong, expecting to raise up to $1 billion. The company is usually known for making the graphics chips that power ASIC mining rigs, which are used to mine bitcoin quickly and efficiently. Canaan is currently locked in a battle of survival with its much bigger rival, Bitmain, which controls up to 70 percent of the global bitcoin mining device market.
Marketing Stunt or Smart Business Strategy?
The launch of AvalonMiner Inside may represent more than just a marketing stunt when Canaan’s broader strategy is taken into account. The company has stated that it wants to do more than make ASIC mining chips and depend on that single product line for its survival.
To this end, Canaan is seeking to expand its offerings to compete more effectively against Bitmain. According to the company, AvalonMiner Inside is the first of many expected device releases that are intended to build a user base in preparation for the next generation of blockchain and AI.
Instead of merely producing chips that account for about 19.5 percent of the ASIC mining chip market, Canaan wants to build an entirely new layer of physical infrastructure to support an expanded blockchain by removing power from mining farms and their inherent centralization risk and networking a whole range of devices to create a much bigger blockchain.
In other words, rather than having 10,000 ASIC miners operating at 12 trillion hashes per second, Canaan wants to create 1,000,000 “ordinary” devices that have the power to mine. Even if, like the AvalonMiner Inside, they only operate at 25 percent of the ASICs’ capacity, that still creates a much bigger and more powerful network. In so doing, the company can compete with Bitmain without getting into a damaging price war on Bitmain’s firm ASIC mining turf.
According to the SMCP story, Canaan intends to start on this strategy by distributing its products to business, who will then sell to customers.


Question: Tell me about Peter Schmeichel.

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 Tell me about Peter Schmeichel.

In the first of a five-part series on players who shaped the Premier League, adapted from his book, "The Mixer", Michael Cox looks at the impact made by Manchester United goalkeeper Peter Schmeichel.
The advent of the Premier League in 1992 coincided with the most seismic rule change football had witnessed for decades – the introduction of the backpass law.
Previously, teams had been able to waste time infuriatingly by knocking the ball around in defence, playing it back to the goalkeeper, who would pick it up, then restart the process.
Indeed, one of the biggest culprits was Schmeichel, who had helped Denmark to a shock Euro '92 success thanks, in part, to this tactic.
"How can you win football matches like that?" Schmeichel sheepishly admitted years later.
The backpass law meant that approach was no longer possible and therefore goalkeepers were the centre of attention in the opening weeks of 1992/93, with plenty of kicking errors.
At this point, Schmeichel was the Premier League's dominant goalkeeper, arguably the best in the world, and with backpass change on the horizon, he requested that he take part with the outfielders' passing drills in training, effectively becoming an 11th outfielder rather than an outsider.
Schmeichel wasn't necessarily the most reliable goalkeeper with his feet, but he truly took the goalkeeping role in a different direction.
His long-range overarm throws launched counter-attacks quickly - just as his son Kasper would do for Leicester City many years later - effectively turning him into a playmaker.
He was also the first goalkeeper to routinely charge down the pitch to challenge for corners in the dying minutes when Manchester United were losing, scoring in the UEFA Cup against Rotor Volgograd, and having a spectacular bicycle kick disallowed against Wimbledon in an FA Cup tie, too.
Schmeichel was also, of course, a brilliant 'keeper in a traditional sense - his star-jump saves were another innovation.
But he helped the goalkeeper to become more than a mere goalkeeper, and therefore ranks as the Premier League's first great innovator.


Question: Describe Akademy. Respond in 6 sentences.

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 Describe Akademy. Respond in 6 sentences.

Akademy is the annual world summit of KDE, one of the largest Free Software communities in the world. It is a free, non-commercial event organized by the KDE Community.
Akademy 2014 took place in Brno, Czech Republic from the 6th to 12th of September.
Akademy features a 2-day conference with presentations on the latest KDE developments, followed by 5 days of workshops, Birds of a Feather (BoF) and coding sessions. It is an opportunity to meet key KDE contributors, learn about the latest features and enjoy the great atmosphere. You will meet developers, artists, translators, upstream and downstream maintainers, users, and free and open software industry leaders from all over the world.


Question: Describe Barack Obama.

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 Describe Barack Obama.

Barack Obama (born 1961) is an American attorney and politician who served as the 44th President of the United States from 2009 to 2017.


Question: Explain how a simple blood test could help diagnose thousands of patients with hepatitis B in need of treatment in Africa.

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 Explain how a simple blood test could help diagnose thousands of patients with hepatitis B in need of treatment in Africa.

A simple $20 blood test could help diagnose thousands of patients with hepatitis B in need of treatment in some of Africa’s poorest regions.
Researchers have developed an accurate diagnostic score that consists of inexpensive blood tests to identify patients who require immediate treatment against the deadly hepatitis B virus – which can lead to liver damage or cancer.
The score consists of two simple blood tests: one measuring presence of antigens, proteins produced by the virus, and another for enzymes produced by the liver in response, to accurately assess patients for treatment.
Researchers from Imperial College London and Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, collaborating with the Pasteur Institute in Paris and other African and European institutions, used data from hundreds of hepatitis B patients in The Gambia who were part of the PROLIFICA (Prevention of Liver Fibrosis and Cancer in Africa) study.
Clinical data from more than 800 hepatitis B patients, who had been tested through the PROLIFICA programme, were used to develop this new score.
The scientists say that further research is needed but if the test is successful in larger studies it could be used widely to identify patients in need of hepatitis B treatment and refer thousands of people for life-saving treatment.
The test could also be developed further to be implemented as a finger-prick test, similar to those used to detect HIV, to get quicker results.
Dr Maud Lemoine, from the Department of Surgery & Cancer and co-author of the study, said: “These results show that this simple and inexpensive test could be an accurate way to diagnoses patients in need of hepatitis B treatment in countries with limited resources.
“There is great potential to diagnose more people and improve access to treatment.
The hepatitis B virus infects around 250 million people worldwide, and is transmitted through blood and bodily fluids. In Africa, it is commonly transferred from mother to baby during birth or between children.
However the virus causes no immediate symptoms, and can remain undetected in the body for decades until triggering severe complications such as liver damage (cirrhosis) and cancer.


Question: Describe the founding of and spread of Quakerism.

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 Describe the founding of and spread of Quakerism.

The Quaker religion arose in the midst of demands to address disparities in society — economic, religious, political. What pressing issues today energize our spiritual movements?
George Fox left the church of his youth at age 19 because he was looking for a spiritual experience that “spoke to his condition” and didn’t find it in church — not in the ritual, not in the clergy, not in the church authorities. He realized that what he was seeking outside himself could be found within, in a direct experience with what he called “the Christ within,” what Quakers sometimes also call “the Inner Light.” Have you experienced a connection “within” that made your heart “leap with joy” like Fox?
Spiritual and religious messages used to spread by word of mouth, one by one, two by two, or occasionally when a charismatic speaker could gather a curious crowd. How can spiritual messages spread today?
Quakerism started as part of the English Civil war period, 1640s. There were a variety of movements during the civil war period that were seeking address some of the disparities in English Societies: ecclesiastical, political, economic. Some of those groups were Diggers, Levellers, Muggletonians, 5th Monarchists, Seekers groups. Some that were trying to seek reform within the church (the Puritans), some who had given up on the Church as a dead corpse and left and started their own chapels or conventicles, and Quakerism emerged out of that chaotic social, political, religious time.
George Fox was one of the leaders of that movement but he wasn’t alone in that. He has become a major figure in understanding the origins of Quakerism. He became tired of what he saw as hypocrisy in the church of his youth and about the age of 19 he left the church and started wandering about seeking a direct spiritual experience that spoke to his condition and he didn’t find it in any of the outward forms, didn’t find it in any of the the clergy of the time, didn’t find it in other authorities.
Which, in contemporary expressions would probably be: what he was seeking outside of himself as authority, he found available to himself within.
He then started sharing that message: that what you’re seeking outside of yourself is available inside of yourself, and you can turn to that inward teacher, that prophet, priest, redeemer, lord within and be led into salvation and truth.
Quakerism spread from the initial insights of Fox and others who came out of this gumbo of seeking reform in the church of England in the 1640s and 50s initially by word of mouth. They would share their experience. Fox, for example, would go about the countryside sharing his understanding of the fact that Christ had come to teach the people directly, to direct them inwardly to God, to Christ their teacher and priest.
Sometimes he would speak to larger gatherings, but it wasn’t until about 1652 that there were larger numbers of people who came to hear his message. Those folk then shared the message with others. Pretty soon they started going out two by two, sharing the gospel message and people came into convincement.
By the time Fox died in 1691 there were some 50,000 Quakers so in 40 or 50 years it spread, much of that coming out of that social milieu of protest and the seeking of reform and it really was one by one by one.
I am looking forward to this lecture series.
A fine, and fitting, first video in this venture from Max, I look forward to more and wish the project great success!
The faith of George was joyously simple—a personal relationship with Christ Jesus. This relationship not only led to the Holy Spirit’s transformation of Fox’s life (found recorded in his Journal), but also became a shared experience in a gathered meeting (Matthew 18:20, depicted in the painting “The Presence in the Midst.” It was primitive Christianity revived which the political church had forgotten.
This is great idea. These will be short selected bits that allow folks to pick up easily, and welcome the next input..later. Not feeling that they can ‘t take a block of time, so get nothing! Allows you, and us, to think of what are the important Quaker history events, ideas, to share.
The guy behind that beard looks vaguely familiar, but then at my age the eyes are not what they used to be. Always good to see Max!
I love that this series in now available to help us “explain” to others the ideas that sparked and continue to enrich our spiritual experiences. The use of the questions and the transcripts are also very welcome.


Question: Please provide a brief description of the song “Dreamworld” by Midnight Oil.

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 Please provide a brief description of the song “Dreamworld” by Midnight Oil.

"Dreamworld" is a song by Australian rock band Midnight Oil released in 1988 as the fourth and final single from their sixth studio album, "Diesel and Dust". In the United States, the song reached No. 16 on the Modern Rock chart and No. 37 on the Mainstream Rock chart.


Question: How to root a Samsung Galaxy S8/S8+?

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 How to root a Samsung Galaxy S8/S8+?

Samsung galaxy s8 root – Samsung has released the another flagship devices dubbed as Galaxy S8 and S8+. These are the most beautiful phones I have ever seen. Came with the curved display as like the Galaxy S7 Edge and perfectly fitted on your palm. Samsung needs to restore the buyers with these phone after the Note7 Battery disaster. Today I am going to show you How to Install TWRP and how to Root Samsung Galaxy S8 and S8+.
Equipped with Qualcomm MSM8998 Snapdragon 835 for US and remaining rest of the countries get Samsung Exynos 8895 Octa – EMEA. Most of the Samsung’s S8 and S8+ Users waiting for the guide to root their devices. Because they might want to install custom mods, Kernels, Roms. So, Guys here is the full guide to root your device safely, but keep in mind that voids your warranty.
Unfortunately, this guide is not valid for S8 and S8+ users who are from US country or Snapdragon CPUs users. You can confirm the what CPU you have by installing the CPUz Android app from PlayStore. We will update the post when the Snapdragon Models get a custom recovery. Xda Developer jesec has developed the custom TWRP recovery for both Galaxy S8 and S8+ Exynos chipset variants. Please note carefully, we have mentioned below the supported models which will be rooted through this guide.
To find out your device model, go to Settings > About Device. This method will only work with Samsung Galaxy S8 Models which are given below, running with latest Android nougat (7.0) operating system.
List of the Samsung Galaxy s8+ Exynos variants which will work with this method. Running with latest Android version nougat (7.0) O.S.
Root your device will allow you to run some Android applications, installing custom ROMs, customization of Android, custom kernels and overclocking and underclocking the device. It might look good but complicated when comes to running. If you any complaint about device hardware you won’t get support from the company that means rooting voids warranty. You may brick or get into boot loop your device while installing flashable zips. We are not responsible for it.
Make sure you have 60%+ battery charge.
After downloaded all the Requirements from the above section then you can proceed to Samsung Galaxy S8 root with the help of TWRP.
Install Samsung USB drivers to your computer which is downloaded from the downloads section.
Download the TWRP Recovery .tar image file and dm-varity and force encryption disabler.zip to your Android device.
Enable the USB debugging option and OEM Unlock on your device. Head over to Settings > About device > Software Info and Tap on the build number until developer options enabled.
Then go back to settings. You can see the developer options. Tap on it and find the USB debugging and OEM Unlock then enable them both.
Extract the Odin.zip file on your computer and Double-click on it to launch the Odin. Switch OFF your device. Now, boot your phone into downloading mode by pressing and Holding the Bixby + Volume + Power Button for about 10-15 sec.
Read the warning message carefully and want to proceed, click on Volume Up button to agree and get into Download Mode.
Now, connect your phone to the computer with the USB cable. It will detect your phone if you installed Samsung drivers correctly.
On the Odin software, the ID: COM port will be highlighted in blue color.
Click on the AP button in the Odin then choose the TWRP recovery.tar that where you have downloaded.
Click on the Options tab and deselect the Auto Reboot.
Now, Click on the start button in the Odin to Install TWRP. Wait until the process completes.
If TWRP installation was successful then ID: COM port will become Green and gives Pass message.
You have successfully installed TWRP Recovery on your device. Now, Boot your device into TWRP Recovery Mode by pressing and holding the Volume Up + Bixby + Power buttons until you see the Galaxy S8 logo then release them.
Now you are at TWRP Recovery and need to swipe right to allow modification. Tap on Wipe Menu on the TWRP home and do the Format data by typing, yes to continue.
Now, Go back to TWRP home and select Reboot menu then choose Reboot into Recovery option and tap Do not Install. It will automatically be rebooted your device into TWRP Recovery Mode.
Now you have to install no-verity-opt-encrypt-5.1.zip file via TWRP. TWRP home > Install Menu > Select no-verity-opt-encrypt-5.1.zip.
Install Magisk.zip file to root your device via TWRP. TWRP home > Install Menu > Magisk.zip.
I hope that you will Install TWRP and Root Samsung Galaxy S8 and S8+ without any hassle. A complete guide to galaxy s8 users who want to root their S8 and S8 plus devices (Samsung galaxy s8 root). A video tutorial helps you to solve your doubt while following the procedure. If you still have any doubts regarding this tutorial, please let us know in the comments section.


Question: Describe the Essential Phone Camera

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 Describe the Essential Phone Camera

The Essential Phone comes with a dual-camera system on the back, both 13MP f/1.9 sensors. One is a color sensor, and the other is monochrome. This is something that’s becoming pretty common in the industry, and some OEMs like Huawei have nailed its implementation.
Unfortunately, Essential’s results so far haven’t been as impressive as I’d hoped. Daylight photos are pretty good with solid sharpness and respectable colors, but it’s not impressive by any means at all. That’s especially obvious compared to phones like the Pixel. Colors can feel washed out and there’s no “wow” in any pictures.
Slightly below average daylight performance is something you can look past, though. However, when combined with poor low-light performance, things do get a bit worse.
Even though Essential has already pushed an update to improve low-light and HDR, it’s performance is still pretty poor. I’ve yet to get a shot out of this camera in even somewhat low-light that I can describe as good. They aren’t the worst low-light pictures I’ve seen on a phone, but for the Essential’s price point, it should be much better.
Update: The pictures below compare the low-light on the Pixel XL (right) and Essential Phone (left).
The only other poor aspect of this device comes from the camera app. I understand simplicity, and 99% of the time it’s appreciated. However, I think Essential takes it too far with its camera app.
Somehow, though, that ends up making the Essential Phone’s camera one of the slowest I’ve ever used. I can forgive a somewhat slow camera app as long as the results are decent, but with Essential, there’s no excuse. That’s especially true when this is literally the only app the company had to work on to get this phone ready for launch. Hopefully, this will all improve with time.
In all reality, it feels as though most of the issues here come down to the software, not the hardware. If Essential can take the time to fix the speed and reliability of its camera app, as well as tuning the low-light performance, I think we’ll have a much more respectable camera here. In the meantime, though, I can easily see why this camera would turn buyers away.