Question: Why do things taste differently to how they smell?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do things taste differently to how they smell?

Good point, and great question. We don't have "sweet receptors" in our nose. Things seem to smell sweet (vanilla, raspberries, cotton candy), but we just associate those smells with the flavor and experience. We can't actually smell sweet. As a side note: this question has been asked here before. If you search the question, there is a post from January that has much more in depth comments.


Question: What about Denver’s air/altitude is different than others?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 What about Denver’s air/altitude is different than others?

As you go up in altitude, the air gets thinner and thinner until, at about 100 miles up, you're basically in space and the air pressure goes to zero. Denver isn't anywhere near that high, but it's high enough that the air is noticeably thinner, especially if you're used to sea level. (The Denver Broncos play at Mile High Stadium, and yes, that is its elevation.) So when you're playing there you get out of breath easier. The oxygen just doesn't transfer into your blood as readily. Mexico City is almost *two* miles up, and when they host soccer tournaments or UFC events, people come and train a month or two ahead of time to try and get acclimated to the thin air. Cain Velasquez, a UFC heavyweight champion, was feared for his awesome cardio but lost his title in Mexico City after getting badly gassed out. If you live (and train) at high elevation, your body compensates after a while by making extra red blood cells. That doesn't totally fix the thin-air problem but it helps. Some athletes train at high elevation on purpose because you keep that extra cardio for a week or two after you leave.


Question: why can't you divide by zero?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 why can't you divide by zero?

Okay so say you have 10 apples. You can put those apples into 10, 5, 2, or 1 group/s quite easily. You could even put them into 4 groups by splitting 2 of the apples in half. How many apples would be in those 0 groups? How do you put 10 apples into 0 groups? The answer is that you cannot physically put those 10 apples into evenly into 0 groups. So the answer is undefined.


Question: How do companies like PayPal, banks, and other non governmental entities verify your identity?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do companies like PayPal, banks, and other non governmental entities verify your identity?

There are three main ways of establishing identity. & #x200B; something you are, something you know, and something you have. & #x200B; something you are is biometrics. something you know is a password. something you have is two factor authentication. & #x200B; paypal of old used to charge $2 to your bank account then refund it. to authenticate you'd have to look on your monthly bank statement, and type in the code that appeared as part of the transaction. therefore you confirmed that you had access to that account's paperwork, because it was something that only YOU have access to. & #x200B; when you open a bank account, they will ask you for proof of identity, or proof of address. driving licence, passport or other government ID is usually all it takes. because again that's something that only YOU should have access to. & #x200B; when you apply for a passport (in the UK at least) you need to send in a standardised ID photo, have it notarized by a "professional person who knows your identity". (usually your doctor, GP, lawyer, or someone who's reputation depends on not being wrong about you being you.) & #x200B; these days it's normally "we'll confirm your identity by sending you a text", because these days people are more set on protecting their mobile phone than they are protecting against ID theft.


Question: Why isn't telemarketing illegal? Or if it is, why is it still so frequent?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why isn't telemarketing illegal? Or if it is, why is it still so frequent?

It sort of is illegal. If you put your number on the national do not call registry (US, though I'm sure other countries have something similar), then telemarketers are not allowed to call your number, with an exception that I'll get into later. It takes about a month for your number to be fully registered, but after that period you are allowed to lodge a complaint. If you are contacted by a telemarketer and your phone number is on the national do not call registry, you can call the registry and lodge a complaint. The registry will then follow up with the marketer with legal action. If you continue to get calls from the same telemarketer you can threaten legal action against them and that is usually enough to get them off your back. The exception to this is marketers from services that you currently subscribe to. So, for instance, if you are a Time Warner Cable customer, they can call you regardless of your do not call status and try to sell you on more deals, however you can request that they stop calling you, but this holds no legal precedence as you have signed a contract with them that likely allows them to call you at any time. Often times political surveys are not subject to the do not call list, so it's not uncommon to receive calls about who you will be voting for as well as demographic information during an election cycle. This is a major way political polling is performed. If you are not already on the do not call registry, google the number and call it to get registered. If you are and are still receiving unwanted calls, call the number anyway and make sure your status is current. If you don't live in the US, again google is your friend. Google your country's rules about this. I'm sure most developed nations have a similar system.


Question: Why does one unopened bottle have less than the other?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does one unopened bottle have less than the other?

It has to do with the inaccuracies of the manufacturing equipment its really hard and expensive to get equipment that measures things out exact. So most companies figure out their target say 12 fl oz. they can't guaranty that every bottle will have the exact amount but it will be in the ball park (standard deviation?). so every bottle will have ether a little bit more or a little less, and the average volume over say 1000 bottles will be roughly equivalent to 12 fl oz. My statistic professor talked a lot about it I can't remember much more than the general idea unfortunately.


Question: How can skateboarders (who land on their boards) jump down large flights of stairs without getting hurt?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 How can skateboarders (who land on their boards) jump down large flights of stairs without getting hurt?

A flight of stairs looks impressive. It is long and it drops down. In reality when you watch a skateboarder your mind is being tricked- but only a little bit. I'll explain: What really hurts the skateboarder the most is gravity, just the same as anyone else falling. If you fall 1 meter you might be hurt, or might not. You just need to land correctly. The stairway is 3 meters long, with only a one meter drop. It looks REALLY impressive to the eye; especially since there is so much lateral speed required to span the jump. But it's mostly just an illusion of speed. Most of the skate is spent on lateral energy to span the stairs, while there is actually only a 1 meter fall. Lateral speed counts for nothing in damage, but is fun to watch. Please don't misunderstand me. There is a LOT of skill involved in these types of jumps. Many people get hurt practicing the one jump that might be recorded on video. It's still not easy. If you learn how to handle a 1 meter fall on a skateboard across a 3 meter span that is something to be proud of. But it is not super-human.


Question: How was the new kilogram calculated? What is the difference new and old kilo?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 How was the new kilogram calculated? What is the difference new and old kilo?

I'm by no means a scientist, but here's how I understand it. There were multiple 1kg blocks made and 6 were houses in Paris and then a bunch more sent out to different countries any back in late 1800s. They were all brought in for a weigh in in the late 90s and they had found the weights have changed. So now instead of relying on a physical object to define the KG, they have asked to instead define a true number to the Plancks constant. By doing that, the weight of the kg will now be tied to a mathematical principal instead of a varying physical object. They have done this by putting a ~1kg block into a Kibble Balance And also making a perfectly round sphere out of strictly silicon atoms, then using science wizardry they find the amount of atoms in the sphere and use that against the other method, thus giving them the ability to define the Plancks Constant. By changing that the KG, 4 other SI units now have to be changed to compliment it, as they rely on the weight of the kilogram. That being said, us as regular people it means nothing to us. Nothing will change, as we are talking the change of micrograms. It just helps scientists. That's how I'd ELI5 because I have the knowledge on the subject of a 5 year old. Edit: Changed some wording, found name of Constant and Balance


Question: Why do Mechanics have to pay for tools when other professions dont?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do Mechanics have to pay for tools when other professions dont?

For some it does. I regularly go to the city's shop to do things here and there for them. Every single one of them has a 10k+ snap on box full of tools. Why you ask? I asked the same question myself. Well its called a tool budget. I have had long conversations with them about it. still blows my mind.


Question: How does math explain the universe and physics so "conveniently"?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 How does math explain the universe and physics so "conveniently"?

Youre thinking backwards. For the equations to make sence, theyre taught in the path they were discovered. We didn't study vehicles and time their speed and breaking distance/time, and make an equation to fit them conveniently. The math already existed. Its conveniently convenient because it fits the way it makes sense.


Question: If only 1% of DNA makes the difference between a human and a tree, then what is the other 99%?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 If only 1% of DNA makes the difference between a human and a tree, then what is the other 99%?

First, by most measures, we don't share anywhere near 99% of our DNA with trees. The typical figure thrown about is 60% commonality between humans and banana plants, for instance; the number would probably be somewhere in that vicinity for most species of tree. That said, there's a whole lot of shared functionality between various kinds of living organisms, so they do share a whole lot of their DNA. Things like cell respiration, DNA replication, cell nuclei structure, and protein synthesis are all things both plants and animals have to do, and they share the DNA for some number of them. You can think of it like the difference between a (wooden) bridge and a (wooden) house. They look super different and are used in different ways, and nobody would confuse one for the other, but no matter which one you're building you need timber, nails, load-bearing beams, flat sheets that things can rest on, etc.


Question: What exactly happens to flies and wasps when you spray them with bug spray?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 What exactly happens to flies and wasps when you spray them with bug spray?

Most bug sprays that kill on contact contain pyrethrin, or modified versions of it. Insects don't have noses, they breathe through their skin (Exoskeleton). Because of this, they almost instantly absorb the substances sprayed onto them. In the case of pyrethrin, it causes their nervous system to fire rapidly, paralyzing the insect and eventually causing them to die due to nervous system failure. Homemade bug sprays are usually just dish soap mixed with water. The soap helps ensure that the spray adheres to the insect, rather than wash off. It works by choking them to death. As mentioned above, they breathe through their skin, so if a substance is sticking to their skin, they won't be able to breathe. & #x200B; Pyrethrins and dish soap are not toxic to humans (In the quantities used in bug sprays), so they're both safe to use.


Question: Why isn’t water a good buffer?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why isn’t water a good buffer?

A buffer solution resists a change in pH because the acid and base are present in high enough concentrations that a reaction with any given chemical will not really throw off the balance between the two. if you have 100 moles of base and 100 moles of acid, and react with 1 mole of either, the ratio becomes 99:100. With water, the self ionization results in very small amounts of acid and base, so the opposite happens. Any acid or base, in any appreciable amount, will throw off the balance. Water is a bad buffer because there isn't enough acid and base present in any given amount of water to make a difference when another acid or base is added.


Question: How can TVs playback content with a framerate thats not dividable by the refresh rate?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 How can TVs playback content with a framerate thats not dividable by the refresh rate?

The most common is playing 24 fps movies on 30 fps TVs. It converts 24 frames per second into 29.97 frames per second. Roughly speaking, converting every 4 frames into 5 frames plus a slight slow down in speed. The first 2 output frames are original. Output frames 3 and 4 are a mix of input frames 1, 2 and 3. Output frame 5 is input frame 4. URL_0


Question: What is "counting cards," why do casinos ban you for it, and how do they know you're doing it?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 What is "counting cards," why do casinos ban you for it, and how do they know you're doing it?

Why do they ban you: so they make more money by not giving some of it to you. How do they know you're doing it? By the way you bet. Counting isn't the hard part, the hard part is making bets to take advantage of the fact you are counting, while appearing as though you're not doing that. In order to maximize your winnings you want to bet the minimum when you have a low chance of winning, and bet the maximum when you have a high one so that you reduce your losses and maximize your gains. But if you bet small, small, small, small, HUGE, HUGE, small, small, small, small, small, small, etc it makes it very obvious what you're doing. That's why professional counters these days never work alone and always work in teams where the person betting and the person counting aren't the same person.


Question: How do you explain the difference between sympathizing with someone and empathizing with someone?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do you explain the difference between sympathizing with someone and empathizing with someone?

Sympathy is the act of understanding someone else's emotions. Empathy is feeling those emotions yourself. For example, if a friend's parent recently passed away you might feel sympathy if you understand that they are sad. But, if you also had a parent pass away you can remember the same feelings you had at that time. So, you can empathize with the person because you feel (or have felt) the same way they do.


Question: Why do people with amputations experience phantom sensations in their amputated limb?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do people with amputations experience phantom sensations in their amputated limb?

For your entire life from birth until whatever accident cost you your limb, your brain was building up and monitoring nerve connections with that limb. There’s tissue in the brain specifically dedicated to interpreting signals from that limb and sending commands to it. It’s ready for pain signals, pressure signals, temperature signals, motion, position, acceleration... But it’s not ready for *no* signal. The brain hardware doesn’t turn off just because you lost the signal, it just sits there like an old TV playing static. This tissue will be repurposed over time, but while that’s happening you’ll occasionally pick up false signals in that static that feel like something is still there.


Question: What’s the physical difference between a low end budget speaker and a high end pro one?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 What’s the physical difference between a low end budget speaker and a high end pro one?

First, high-end and professional speakers are not the same. What you hear during concert will never work well at home. Second, speakers and speaker cones are very important, but it's just part of what makes a high-quality speaker. Budget speaker cones are made basically from paper with flimsy suspensions and tiny coils. The quality drivers are heavy, with very stiff and light cones, often made from composites and exotic materials. Generally, speakers to be high quality have to be very stiff - and usually heavy. Plastic is one of the worst materials for speakers. I don't think there is a way to judge the driver visually only, there is much more to it.


Question: why is it that when a tire loses traction, it remains without traction until it slows down to gain traction again?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 why is it that when a tire loses traction, it remains without traction until it slows down to gain traction again?

Friction is a bit odd in that there are two kinds of friction. When an object isn't moving relative to the surface its on it experiences Static Friction. When an object is moving relative to the surface it experiences Kinetic Friction. The coefficient for Kinetic friction is always lower than static friction, sometimes quite a bit lower The result of this is that while it may take a force of X to break the tire free and start it spinning, you need a force of well below X to let the tire catch on the ground again and get traction back. Tires actually experience a third friction in the middle, rolling friction. Its part way between static friction and kinetic friction because portions of the tire are stationary relative to the ground while others are moving giving you a hybrid of the two.


Question: Why is a probability bell curve for the result of rolling 1 or 2 dice linear, but the probability bell curve for the result of rolling 3+ dice rounded?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is a probability bell curve for the result of rolling 1 or 2 dice linear, but the probability bell curve for the result of rolling 3+ dice rounded?

A single die is a uniform discrete distribution - it can only assume a fixed number of specific values, with an equal probability of each value. When you add two probability distributions (not just uniform discrete - any distribution), you use an operation called *convolution*. One way of thinking of this is imagine you've drawn the two distributions as functions on separate pieces of paper. You then 'slide' one function past the other, multiply the overlap and accumulate as you move onto the next bit. In some sense, you're adding every bit of the distribution to all the other bits of the other distribution. With discrete distributions, this ends up being a summation of multiplications. With continuous distributions, it ends up being an integral of multiplications. In either case, your expectation would be that if you were to start with zeroth order polynomials and submit them to such an operation, you'd probably end up with a first order polynomial of some sort. Which is precisely what you see. You take your two constant value distributions (zeroth order), apply our 'convolution' to them, and end up with a linear distribution (first order) that looks a bit like a triangle. If you continue this process, you'd go on to second order, third order... and so forth. If you repeated this an infinite number of times, you'd end up with a gaussian distribution - the base of your polynomial is decreasing at the same time the exponent is increasing and they end up counterbalancing one another. What you might find fascinating is you start with something as simple as an ordinary die and you ended up with a [function]( URL_0 ) that includes both pi (which normally implies some sort of rotation) and the natural logarithm base e (which normally implies something happening as you run away to infinity).


Question: Why does one get that "stomach-dropping" feeling when falling?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does one get that "stomach-dropping" feeling when falling?

Don't know about the scientific name but our innards aren't completely fixed in place inside our bodies. We're just used to them being where they are normally. When there are sudden changes in our body movement (for example, a rollercoaster) our innards move. The faster the change, the worse it feels. Especially when falling they get compressed towards the top of our body and this doesn't feel very nice. At least afaik this is how it goes. Tl:dr our innards aren't fixed and when they move around inside our body it doesn't feel nice


Question: Why is it bad to refill the same plastic bottle?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is it bad to refill the same plastic bottle?

It is not. It is a psychological marketing trick to increase the sale of bottles. Plastics can leech into the contents (e.g. water) of the bottle if it gets damaged either physically or chemically. But a standard polyethylene bottle will last a very long time when if treated well. Companies have been/tried to have been sued for people using incorrect types of plastic bottles to store thing that they were not originally intended for. Like paint or solvents in old drinks bottles, and this can cause some bottles to degrade faster. So for liability reasons companies also say it's bad, but it's just the standard idiot label. Similar to how a bag of peanuts has a warning that the bag contains nuts. Long story short, it's a marketing trick masquerading as a liability trick, in turn masquerading as a health issue. Be smart, refill your bottles, help stem the plastic tide!


Question: In California, why is there a palm tree planted at the end of every fourth row in a grove of orange trees?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 In California, why is there a palm tree planted at the end of every fourth row in a grove of orange trees?

In Redlands, California there are many orange groves and there is a powerful wind that blows in the winter time (Santa Ana winds). These winds cause a lot of damage to limbs and can knock fruit off the trees and causing them to rot in the direct sunlight. There are two forms of protection from the winds that are common in southern California: a wall of eucalyptus trees that circle the grove, or palm trees that are in the groves. Both of these protections cause turbulent air flow across the groves lowering the wind speed.


Question: Why does looking into bright light sources damage your eyes?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does looking into bright light sources damage your eyes?

The lens in your eye focuses the light entering your pupil onto your retina. The intensity of the focused light hitting your retina is therefore much higher than the intensity of the light when it first enters your eye. This concentrated light can therefore burn and damage your retina. & #x200B; It's sort of like if you have ever used a magnifying glass to focus sunlight on a sunny day to burn leaves. Only it's your retina instead of a leaf.


Question: why does your tongue rest at the roof of your mouth instead of the bottom?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 why does your tongue rest at the roof of your mouth instead of the bottom?

Glottal blocking so that nose breathing is easier. If your tongue rested without touching the roof of your mouth it would not seal your mouth and it could allow air to be pulled in between your lips, or saliva to be inhaled. Try this little experiment. Open your mouth and don't allow your tongue to touch the roof of your mouth or close your throat. What I mean is with our mouth open if we make a "guh" shape with our tongue like saying the letter G (which seals our glotis) most people (some say they can. Who am I to argue lol) will be unable to breath in through their nose at all. This is because there is less resistance inhaling through the mouth. If you start closing your mouth or allow your lips to come together a little to create more restriction, then it will start to come in through the nose more. But wide open mouth and wide open tongue/throat you cannot breath in through your nose. The usual resting position of the tongue is low in the back and curving slightly at the tip lightly touching the back of the hard palate in the roof of your mouth just behind the front teeth (usually not touching the front teeth at all) Although people of different native languages sometimes have slightly different resting positions for the tongue depending on the sounds they use with the tongue more forward or more back in the mouth. This may affect a comfortable resting position that is not always the same in different people.


Question: Why do people keep stealing radioactive material (Iridium-192) used in medical equipment in Mexico?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do people keep stealing radioactive material (Iridium-192) used in medical equipment in Mexico?

Since 2013 this has happened at least seven times, and apparently all of the previous incidents led to the radioactive material being returned. This makes me think that the medical equipment is being stolen because it looks expensive (meaning thieves think they can resell it and make a lot of money) and not necessarily for the radioactive material. Edit: Correcting my autocorrect


Question: is there a difference, in terms of cooking, between the shiny and dull sides of foil?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 is there a difference, in terms of cooking, between the shiny and dull sides of foil?

Contrary to common belief, the difference in texture of both sides of foil is not a functional one, but a technical one. When we manufacture foil with the current tools and processes, one side is dull and one side is shiny, but it has absolutely no impact on its use, and is not designed that way or another, its just an artifact. Shiny up or shiny down, you're using it right


Question: Is there a reason why all or most IP addresses begin with 192.168..?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Is there a reason why all or most IP addresses begin with 192.168..?

192.168.x.x is part of the 'private' range of addresses set aside by the Internet masters (APNIC). Whilst these are valid addresses, they are specificically designed not to be transmitted across the wider Internet. There are actually 3 such sets, (Class A, B and C). These are: A: 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255. B: 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255. C: 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255. The Technical term is '[Non Routeable IP addresses]( URL_0 )'


Question: Why do we still need to bring our license and registration to drive? Considering it's 2017 and we have enough technology to have all this information in the cloud / in our phones and match with the cops information.

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do we still need to bring our license and registration to drive? Considering it's 2017 and we have enough technology to have all this information in the cloud / in our phones and match with the cops information.

The thing about government is that it has to be slow to adopt these technologies to function well as they have to be able to server literally everyone, not just most. There are plenty of people that don't have smart phones but still drive, or don't have internet and drive. We know the current license and registration system works, why change it? Additionally something like a driver's license has to be somewhat immune to fakes, I'm not sure there's a good solution that would work on a phone. Additionally many people would have reservations about giving their phones to police, notice the uproar over customs agents asking for people to unlock their phones so they can poke around?


Question: What is consignment and how does it work?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 What is consignment and how does it work?

Consignment just means lending somebody else your property so that they can sell it for you. Let's say you own a bookstore, and there's a new author who wants people to buy his book. If you wanted, you could buy 500 copies of his book (in this example, he has already published his book and has 500 copies lying around his house). He sells you 500 copies, you paid him money, and he goes along his merry way. That's pretty risky for you though. Now for you to make a profit, you have to sell all those books, and for more than you paid for them. If nobody wants to buy the book, you just lost a lot of money and all you have are a bunch of worthless books. So instead of doing all that, you tell the author that you'll sell his books on consignment. He gives you the books to put in your shop, and you don't pay him any money up front. Every time somebody buys a copy, you keep some of the money and the author gets some of the money. If the book turns out to be terrible and nobody buys it, then the author can take the unsold copies back if he wants. So consignment isn't too different from normal sales, but the consignee (the bookstore) doesn't have to take on any risk.


Question: Is it possible to collect a sample of Gold in a Gaseous State? What would it look like?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Is it possible to collect a sample of Gold in a Gaseous State? What would it look like?

Yes, if you boil gold it will turn to gas at about 2805 degrees Celsius. At that temperature it will be glowing yellow-orange just like anything else due to what is called "black body radiation". Now another way you can consider the color of a gas is to shine white light through it and see what passes through it. In that case it also would allow reddish-yellow light to pass through it.


Question: How do those balancing rocks that people stack, work?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do those balancing rocks that people stack, work?

The surface of rocks are not smooth, the key is to locate an area of the rock where the rock your Balanceing fits in on a tripod, that is the rock makes contact with three areas of the other rock. To visualize it, or you index, middle and thumb tips together to make a triangle, this is the foundation, than put your other index finger in the center. After you find a locking point gently move the Balanceing rock around until you can let it stand on its own, this is trial and error. Lastly to stack again, use you finger to push downward on the rock at various points until you can find a spot that can support lots of pressure (should be around center of the contact point) and that's where the next rock will go.


Question: If water turns to gas at boiling point(212 F/100 C), why does a spill on the ground inside your room temperature(68 F/18 C) home evaporate?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 If water turns to gas at boiling point(212 F/100 C), why does a spill on the ground inside your room temperature(68 F/18 C) home evaporate?

You need to understand what the definition of boiling is. When water evaporates, the bubbles it creates and the vapor formed have what’s known as a vapor pressure. By definition, booking occurs when vapor pressure is equal to or greater than atmospheric pressure (1 atm). This is all boiling is, this vapor pressure is most easily obtained at atmospheric pressure by heating water to 100C. Evaporation is a process that every liquid goes through, technically even solids can as well. It is just when the outer molecules of a liquid escape the forces of all the other molecules and they fly off into the air, it is just a naturally occurring process. When something is boiling, the same thing is occurring but since the vapor pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure, the vapor will violently move from an area of high pressure(inside a boiling pot) to an area of lower pressure(into the room). Hope this helps


Question: How should I interpret statistics like "The people of X country live on less then X U.S. dollars a day."?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 How should I interpret statistics like "The people of X country live on less then X U.S. dollars a day."?

sometimes, stats like that *are* adjusted for the cost of living. the key phrase you want to look for is “purchasing power parity.” economists can look at a “basket” of commonly purchased items across many countries and come up with, for example, “the average citizen of country x lives on $10/day, at purchasing power parity.” when you see phrasing like that, then you know that you are being shown a sum of money that would buy, in america, whatever the equivalent amount of that currency, in that country, would buy. edit: and often, those stats are not adjusted. for example, if the reporter is trying to make a point about poverty in a country, he is not likely to adjust income for purchasing power parity, of course.


Question: How do countries do trade with different currencies?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do countries do trade with different currencies?

Well it depends on if you’re buying it form The German government, or. Richard German company. If it’s a private German company, they might just keep it in a bank account as dollars, or more likely exchange the currency for the equivalent amount of euros with some party (Bank, financial group, whichever, idk exactly how Germans function) that does currency exchange. If it’s going straight to the German government, well, chance are they’ll just hold onto it. And then use it whenever they need to buy something from the US, or other countries. US dollars are close to being the accepted global currency on a macro level, pretty much every country has reserves of US dollars stored somewhere. This mainly stems from the years of economic dominance the US had post WW2, it was the most stable country so everyone was confident in its currency and wanted to trade with the US.


Question: Why does it seem easier picking up a person than a weight that weighs the same as them?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does it seem easier picking up a person than a weight that weighs the same as them?

A person has some level of instinct on how to distribute their weight around your center of gravity, and your core muscles. And...they respond to your jostling and repositioning. The weights on the other hand are stupid - they'll stay 18 inches from your body if you hold them there, which makes them effectively heavier then if they are at your chest. As an example of this, carrying a dead body is really hard because significant portions of the body no longer "cooperate". Time to go out an experiment! (please don't).


Question: Why does 0.5 round to the nearest integer above, and not below?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does 0.5 round to the nearest integer above, and not below?

Since it's exactly in the middle, you need to pick *something* and be consistent about it. It's completely arbitrary, you could just as easily round down. There's also other systems of rounding that you can use. You can round towards/away from 0, you can alternate up/down on odd/even integers and I'm sure there's others. Depending on the application, the might give you numbers that are more suitable.


Question: Does the government of a country gain any money from just someone buying a plane ticket to the country?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Does the government of a country gain any money from just someone buying a plane ticket to the country?

Usually, yes, even if it's indirectly. Almost all counties impose taxes on airfare, so if the airline you purchase the ticket from is based in that country, that country collects the tax directly. If not, most airports also charge fees for every aircraft that lands there, and that fee is included in the price of your ticket. The country then collects taxes from the airport, or collects the fee directly if the airport is government owned.


Question: why does 60 degree water feel freezing compared to 60 degree air?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 why does 60 degree water feel freezing compared to 60 degree air?

Two reasons: 1. The water touches your skin everywhere because it gets through your clothes and 2. it conducts heat faster than air, which is a gas. The air doesn’t touch your skin where it’s covered by clothes. There’s a layer of warm air (warmed by your skin) between you and the clothes you’re wearing that insulates you. Being nude in 60 degree weather would be pretty cold, but it would still take much longer to feel as cold as 60 degree water because water conducts heat much faster than air. Liquids conduct heat faster than gases and solids conduct heat faster than liquids. (Conductivity goes solid > liquid > plasma > gas, and it’s because of the way molecules line up in those states.). This works the other way, too. You can survive for awhile in 140+ degree air (as long as it’s low enough humidity and you’re drinking enough water), but if you’re in a 140+ degree pool, you’re going to die pretty damn quickly. Like five to ten minutes to full-body deep-tissue burns...


Question: What caused hyperinflation in Venezuela? What motivates its leader to create new currency?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 What caused hyperinflation in Venezuela? What motivates its leader to create new currency?

To begin with, the overwhelming majority of Venezuela's population has historically been employed either directly by the government, or by PDVSA - which is the government owned oil company. In 2007 the country began to experience shortages for the first time. To "offset" these shortages, the government began a series of massive wage hikes for its workers, as well as all minimum wage workers in the country. To pay for the wage increases for government and PDVSA employees the government simply printed more money. Money printing causes an increase in inflation, and the massive amount of money that the government needed to print to fund its wage increase led to a massive amount of inflation. This inflation defeated the purpose of the wage hikes - which was to make people feel "richer" in the face of shortages. As the shortages worsened, the government increased the size of its wage hikes - all funded by money printing - which led to even higher inflation. Eventually inflation became so severe that people no longer waited for a wage hike to increase prices. They simply assumed that the government would be printing another huge batch of money in the near future, and began raising prices in anticipation of that. Once people begin preemptively increasing prices like that you enter into what is called hyperinflation. Once a country enters into hyperinflation, inflation stops following money printing. Rather, inflation happens *regardless of whether the government continues to print money.* If the government stops printing money then prices will continue to rise, leading to a situation in which no one can afford food - despite the fact that there is enough food to go around - and mass starvation would set in. This is the situation that Venezuela now finds itself in. The government has to print an ever increasing amount of money to prevent the country's economy from shutting down. ________________________ The new currency thing is a completely different topic. The reason that Venezuela is currently experiencing shortages is because the only thing that it produces domestically is oil, and it doesn't produce enough to buy enough consumer goods for everyone in the country. It might be hard to imagine but oil is quite literally the only thing that Venezuela produces. It doesn't produce any food, minerals, or anything else that it can export. The only thing the country produces is oil and *everything else that the country needs has to be imported using the money the country gets from selling its oil - which it simply does not produce very much of relative to what it needs to sustain itself.* Venezuela's new currency, the "Petro" isn't really a currency. Although Venezuela is trying to bill the Petro as being a currency, it functions in the exact same manner as a foreign loan. All Petros started out owned by the Venezuelan government. The government tried to sell these to foreigners in exchange for foreign currency, such as dollars. Those foreigners could then sell it back to the Venezuelan government for foreign currency in the future. The price that the government would pay to buy back Petro is theoretically matched to the price of oil. So if the price of oil goes up, then investors would be able to sell Petro back to the Venezeulan government for a profit. Or this is the idea behind the Petro anyways. What's really going on with the Petro is that the Venezuelan government needs foreign currency to be able to afford food and consumer goods imports to help alleviate shortages in the country. But a combination of US sanctions and the Venezuelan government's poor financial situation mean that it can't obtain the currency that it needs from foreign loans anymore. So the Petro was their solution to that - the government appears to have hoped that some rich foreigner would be dumb enough to actually buy Petros, but as of right now no one has.


Question: How is my Macbook Air able to play videos at 1080p up to 4K, with a screen resolution of 1440x900?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 How is my Macbook Air able to play videos at 1080p up to 4K, with a screen resolution of 1440x900?

From wikipedia: > 1080p (1920×1080 px; also known as Full HD or FHD and BT.709) is a set of HDTV high-definition video modes characterized by 1,920 pixels displayed across the screen horizontally and 1,080 pixels down the screen vertically; Obviously there's not enough pixels for standard 1080p. However, computers can downsample images - basically, they simulate the larger screen, figure out what the best colors for the larger but less numerous real pixels are based on their location, and then shows that composite color instead. Say you had a screen that was exactly 1/2 the size of the video. Lets say that the four small pixels were like this: `BLUE | BLUE` `BLUE | RED` To compress that to a single larger pixel on the low-res screen, you'd make a color that's 75% blue and 25% red - a blueish purple. There are some fairly complex algorithms that map between larger images and smaller screens in such a way that it's visually appealing, but that's the rough gist of it. Edit: typos.


Question: Why is it that when we start getting weight, the most common place for fat to be laid down is the belly?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is it that when we start getting weight, the most common place for fat to be laid down is the belly?

1. Because that is where your major organs are, if you're going to store fat, might as well have it be somewhere that protects them and keeps them warm. 2. It's also right in the middle of your body's center of gravity, so it doesn't not throw off your balance. If fat built up first somewhere else, like in your feet or legs, it would throw off your balance and inhibit movement.


Question: How can apps like Google Maps or Waze be so consistently accurate with their predictions for ETA?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 How can apps like Google Maps or Waze be so consistently accurate with their predictions for ETA?

they draw upon their large userbases to make this assumption: "anywhere with any traffic will have at least a couple of our users caught in the traffic". They can also take advantage of the fact that you can break down segments of a journey and make time measurements on individual segments of road. let's say you want to get from A to B to C to D. First step is to get other users data from users who's route included A to B recently. for example, a van driver 5 minutes ago made a route X-A-B-Y, passing along A-B. This prediction on it's own might not be much use, because the van driver made a stop to drop off a delivery and got caught in a traffic light. Not to worry, since 10 other users had journeys including the segment A-B. The algorithm can average/filter out all the results for segment A-B to get an average route time, taking into account traffic jams and things that will definitely slow you down, and rejecting disturbances that won't affect you. Bear in mind as well, this data will be going back in time for years, so it will build up data relevant to the time of day, day of the week, etc.. for example if you travel at 3am, the data will show that historically, cars travelling at 3am travel A-B really quickly, so it will compensate for that in the ETA. Now all it has to do is break down your route into individual segments and repeat this method across the whole route, allowing it to build a very good estimate of time. All this depends on having a large userbase, say 10-20% of drivers have google gathering location data, having accurate and quickly delivered location data. They need to be able to break down the route into small segments, typically lasting from junction to junction, and be sure that a given vehicle actually took this route. it needs also to be time-accurate since traffic data is so rapidly shifting. They also need lots of storage and computation power. typically for something like this, the servers will spend most of their time providing live estimates to users, and during the quiet hours at night the servers will revise the days data to get their data for the day into an easily useable form for future predictions.


Question: what is the psychological motivation for advertisements for games that depict a person failing at them?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 what is the psychological motivation for advertisements for games that depict a person failing at them?

I’m no expert, but my personal theory, based on how I feel about watching it, is that they fail on purpose at “easy” puzzles to make you think “psh, I could do that! Why can’t this person figure it out?! It’s so easy I could probably dominate that game!” That’s how I felt when I saw my first ad depicting this. By the second, I figured it’s intentions were to make me feel like that so I get frustrated or prideful and get the game only to find that it’s not even remotely close to what was seen in the add lol Hopefully, someone with actual knowledge on this subject will prove me wrong/right so I too can rest easy!


Question: What happens if the U.S. withdraws from NAFTA?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 What happens if the U.S. withdraws from NAFTA?

I'm not a professional economist or anything like that, but currently in my macroeconomics class we are talking about international trade so I can attempt to weigh in. Part of trade is specialization based on opportunity cost and comparative advantage of a particular good; If the US can make 10 cars *or* 40 bushels of wheat, and mexico can make 8 cars *or* 20 bushels of wheat you get two different ratios for what they can produce. > US: 1:4 > Mexico: 1:2.5 In this example, countries have the option to either go on their own and split their production power, or they can specialize and trade with each other for the goods they need. If the US wants 4 cars, they would either have to use their own production to do so (equivalent to 16 bushels of wheat in this case), or have mexico make them (equivalent to 10 bushels of wheat for them). For this to be worth it to both countries, the price for those cars would have to be in between 10 and 16 bushels of wheat. If this trade is completed, Mexico gets more wheat than it could grow per car, and the US gets its cars for cheaper than if they produced them on their own. **TL;DR** If the US left, prices for certain products would increase, and its possible unemployment would increase as we would have to change our production priorities (fewer wheat farmers for more more car makers, in our example).