Question: "Wow! Pecan pie bars? Tell me more!"

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 "Wow! Pecan pie bars? Tell me more!"

This is one of those times where I’m going to write about something that I’ve been eating all day. Or, um, all week. Two weeks?
No matter. I’ve loved every sticky second.
Cause THESE PECAN PIE BARS ARE GOOD.
I take my dessert bars very seriously, and I just couldn’t quite get it right the first one million times I made them. Too runny, too brown, too buttery. Or not.
So, what happened was I made them again. And again and again and again.
Cause that’s what food bloggers do.
They eat maple pecan pie bars for the greater good of the world.
They bring pecan bars to their neighbors, they hide pecan bars from their husbands, and they share pecan bars with their guards. Wait, food bloggers have guards?
Food bloggers have lots of secrets, guys.
Let’s just let this one happen, ok?
It’s a buttery pie crust that is under baked – because why not make it taste more like cookie dough? – and it’s soaked with a sweet, sugary maple pecan sauce that will melt your face off. Except not really, because the crunchy sea salt will wake you right back up with a jolt to the heart.
Is that normal to get your heart jolted by stuff like this?
I thought so. That’s why we get along so well.
These salted maple pecan pie bars are incredibly addicting. With perfect salty-sweet flavor and a chewy pie-crust base. Awesome dessert!
Preheat the oven to 375 degrees. In a large mixing bowl, cream the butter and sugar. Add the flour and beat until coarse crumbs form. If the mixture is too soft, add a little more flour. It should be crumbly but stick together when pressed.
Press the crust into a 9×13 baking dish. Bake for 12-15 minutes or until top appears dry and slightly puffed. I like to underbake mine so the crust stays softer, but if you like more of a shortbread-type crust, bake a few minutes longer.
For the filling, whisk the eggs, corn syrup, brown sugar, maple syrup, and vanilla. Stir in the pecans and pour the mixture over the crust. The filling should not be more than just a light layer of sauce over the crust. Arrange any stray pecans and return to the oven for 15-20 minutes. Remove from oven when the filling appears mostly set. Sprinkle with coarse sea salt.
Cool completely and refrigerate overnight. Cut into 24 pieces and serve slightly chilled.
When baking the filling, look for a top that is set enough so that it doesn’t stick to your hand when you touch it. It might still be a tiny bit runny underneath, but it will hold together more as it cools. It’s sad, I know, but these HAVE to cool completely and chill before they hold together well. You can see how mine look in the photos – still a little soft and saucy – and that was after refrigerating them. You can eat them straight out of the oven – yum! but for the real, stick together bars, I recommend cooling and refrigerating overnight.
For crying out loud, make these already.
Oh man these look so sticky and delicious! Yum!
I wish these bars would just jump off the screen and into my tummy!
These look amazing. All the ingredients in house … Hooray! How much pecans did you use?
Oh good grief. I have had SO many issues with a new recipe plugin that I’ve been trying and pecans must have been a casualty of the goofed up HTML. Orrr I was eating a bar and forgot to add it. 🙂 You never know. I’ll add it now! It was something like 2 cups for mine.
I would be eating these all the time as well. They look so delicious!
So buttery, sticky, and gooey. Exactly how I like my actual pecan pie! I don’t have it much too often but when I do, I prefer it in portable form like a bar. Testing recipes over and over again… such is my life Lindsay…! I’m glad you took the time to perfect these, they certainly look worth the effort!
I can’t get over how gorgeous these are, let alone how amazing I am sure they taste. Perfect for the holidays!
Adding “salted” to pecan pie bars is a stroke of genius. My man will love these. Pinned it!
Pecan pie is something I did not like growing up and now that I’m grown up it’s something that I can’t live without! These look absolutely to die for !!
Great job on your site – looks so pretty with the changes you’re making!
Yes! This dessert has everything I love about sweet treats, as you have so elegantly described! Sweet, chewy, crunchy, flaky…absolutely delicious!
Oh what sacrifices you have made! These look mouth-wateringly good!
These are perfect for the fall and they look, like what I like to call, “stupid good”.
These look amazing! Pinned and clipped for baking later!
Is it Thanksgiving already? I would give thanks for one of these every day.
these look SO SO good, i wish i could just take some off that plate!! i’ve pinned this – can’t wait to make it this holiday season!
I vote for these for the 5th food group. Great photos.


Question: Tell me about the design of the Ottawa LRT station.

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 Tell me about the design of the Ottawa LRT station.

Architects from the firm IBI were the lead designers of the three downtown LRT stations — Lyon, Parliament and Rideau — that are in the tunnel. One of the challenges for the architects was to make the stations less cavernous for passengers, even though the spaces are mined caverns. This is a rendering of Parliament station.	IBI / .
Charlie Hoang was so shocked by what he saw leaving the sound-and-light show in an underground LRT station last year that he immediately called his colleague as he made his way up to the street level.
It wasn’t the multimedia extravaganza in the Kontinuum Ottawa 2017 attraction that had the transit architect quickly dialling up Danielle Sernoskie.
It was the natural light cascading down the escalators.
Successfully steering natural light into a cavernous environment is a big win in subterranean architecture, which on the Confederation Line LRT is the responsibility of IBI Group. Hoang is the firm’s director of transit architecture and Sernoskie is the project architect for the Confederation Line’s tunnel stations.
If the city’s November opening day stays on schedule, the Toronto-based architects are three months away from seeing the first reviews of their work.
The city’s main LRT contractor is Rideau Transit Group, whose major partners include ACS Infrastructure Canada, Dragados, EllisDon and SNC-Lavalin. IBI had worked with SNC on designing transit stations in Toronto and SNC asked IBI to join Ottawa LRT bid.
Sernoskie travels to Ottawa about once a month to keep tabs on the project. IBI has an Ottawa office lending support.
There are three stations in Ottawa’s 2.5-kilometre LRT tunnel: Lyon, Parliament and Rideau. They’re part of the 12.5-km, 13-station LRT line.
At Lyon station, the architects tried to open the ground-floor entrance as much as possible to let light trickle down from the top of the escalator and to the underground corridors. Architects can use software, animations and renderings to simulate the outcome, but they aren’t 100 per cent sure how a design will work until construction.
Rideau station become a focus because of its high-profile location hooked into a major shopping mall and near the historic ByWard Market.
Sernoskie said they wanted great design for the other two stations, too, but with Rideau there was an opportunity to “celebrate” the elliptical shape of the station’s body.
“We were able to create a very large, central double-height space that we may not have been able to do with other kinds of structural work,” Sernoskie said.
Squeezing a subterranean transit station into a dense built-up environment is another challenge for designers. Buildings with deep parking garages are built close to the property lines, and architects, with the expert guidance from construction engineers, have to be extremely efficient with a tight space.
Hoang said a constant challenge is designing underground transit stations that don’t feel like they’re underground.
For Sernoskie, making underground stations an inviting environment doesn’t mean covering up evidence of the constructed shell.
The architects went with a neutral palette to help bring more light into the spaces. Passengers can expect to see lots of white, cream and light grey tones, accented with stainless steel and glass.
The city, early in the design process, requested the use of wood at the street-level entrances of the tunnel stations. When planning for the $2.1-billion LRT system was happening six years ago, the city was big on repurposing wood from ash trees destroyed by the emerald ash borer and making it a design feature through the transit line.
Since artists would be livening up the stations, the architects wanted to provide excellent canvasses for the eye-popping creations.
Sernoskie said Geoff McFetridge and Douglas Coupland are creating vibrant pieces at Lyon and Parliament stations, respectively, that will work well with what the architects provided as a neutral base, letting the artwork. At Rideau station, the architects integrated the work of Montreal artist Geneviève Cadieux and identified glass walls to act as her palette.
They obviously want the stations to look great, but Hoang and Sernoskie said they’ll measure design success by watching LRT customers easily get between the station entrances and the trains.
Sernoskie can’t wait to see the results.
“I was sort of fresh out of university and I started on this project six-and-a-half years ago, so to see it through the entire way, and to see the changes that you make through the design-development phase and how those changes come about, and to see the final design go out when you issue your drawings for construction, and then to be able to go onto site and to see that all come to life, it’s a bit surreal,” she said.


Question: Explain the injustice of the high cost of Truvada and how it affects the American people.

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 Explain the injustice of the high cost of Truvada and how it affects the American people.

The drug Truvada has the ability to reduce the risk of HIV transmission by more than 99%, but it's being withheld from the American public because of the greed of its manufacturer.
Gilead Sciences has inflated the cost from $6 to more than $1,600 per month, despite the US taxpayer paying for almost the full cost of its development. If we could lower the price of the drug, we could end the HIV epidemic without a vaccine. Drug companies have held the American people hostage for too long. Join the campaign to #BreakThePatent.
Right now, a miracle drug is being withheld from the American public that can reduce the risk of HIV transmission by more than 99%. The drug is called Truvada and when taken daily as Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) can help provide almost absolute protection against the virus.
So why aren’t more people taking it?
The manufacturer of the Truvada, Gilead Sciences, has inflated the price by more than 25,000%.
You read that right. The drug costs less than $6 a month to make but Gilead charges patients more than $1,600 for a 30 day supply. This cost barrier has translated to less than 10% of the at risk population currently taking the medication.
The truly infuriating part of that equation is that the drug manufacturer did not pay for the research that went into the development of the drug. YOU did. The US taxpayer, through the National Institutes of Health (NIH), paid for almost all of the research that went into developing Truvada as PrEP.
All the while, as Gilead lines its pockets by profiting off of taxpayer investment, the HIV epidemic continues to persist. More than 100 Americans contract HIV everyday, with people of color and the LGBT community disproportionately affected.
But it doesn’t have to be this way. The NIH could “march-in” and break the patents around the drug at any time, immediately lowering the price and allowing the millions to gain access to this life saving treatment.
The time is now. Sign the petition and tell the National Institutes of Health to #BreakThePatent!
Together we can send a clear message to the Pharmaceutical industry that the American people will not tolerate their greed.
When taken daily, Truvada (or a generic equivalent) reduces the risk of HIV transmission by more than 99%. That’s more effective than the vaccines for Polio, Measles, Mumps, and Tuberculosis. If we can get enough people to take the medication, we can end the epidemic once and for all. When we have the technology to prevent HIV transmission, it’s a moral outrage that the drug is still being withheld from the public.
Though Gilead charges an average of $1,600 for a monthly supply Truvada, it costs less than $6 to produce! What Gilead charges for just two pills could pay for an entire year’s supply of a generic equivalent.
– just not for Americans. As part of international HIV programs, the US pays for generic Truvada within Africa, Southeast Asia, and elsewhere for ~$6 a month. Meanwhile, Americans pay 250+ times that price due to Gilead's patents.
The US government and taxpayers paid for almost 100% of the research that went into the development of Truvada as PrEP, and still retains the relevant intellectual property rights.
The Bayh-Dole Act of 1980 gives federal funding agencies the right to “March In” and ignore patent exclusivity should the holder fail to acknowledge “health or safety needs” of consumers by, for instance, engaging in price gouging.


Question: What is the impact of North Korea's recent actions on Japan?

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 What is the impact of North Korea's recent actions on Japan?

TOKYO — The two ballistic missiles that North Korea fired over Japan in the past three weeks sent ordinary Japanese citizens scrambling for cover, rattled financial markets and shocked a region long accustomed to a tense peace.
But amid the crisis, one man’s stock appears to be rising. Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s public approval ratings have surged along with his prospects for revising the country's pacifist constitution, acquiring more powerful weapons and confronting China’s rising regional clout.
While Abe hopes his growing stature will allow him to bolster Japan’s military in the face of multiple threats beyond North Korea, he risks alarming neighbors who have not forgotten the horrors of its World War II-era expansion.
“In a sense, it’s as if China and North Korea are supporting Abe’s popularity,” said Yukihisa Fujita, a lawmaker with the opposition Democratic Party.
Abe had set a deadline to revise the constitution by 2020 — the year Tokyo will host the Olympic Games — to formalize Japan’s Self-Defense Forces (SDF) as an actual military. While a mostly symbolic move, it's one that feeds red meat to his conservative base.
Abe’s popularity has proved unstable in the past: He distanced himself from his own deadline when his approval ratings dipped over the summer and some analysts attribute his recent burst of popularity to scandals among his opponents.
"There is right now a one-sided arms race that China is winning"
But he’s nevertheless moving ahead with plans to purchase more advanced weaponry capable of offensive operations, such as Tomahawk cruise missiles and the first batch of 42 advanced F-35s fighter jets ordered from the United States.
He’s also beefing up Japan’s defenses by adding a land-based missile defense system called Aegis Ashore to its sea-borne capabilities.
All of this will be paid for by the country’s most sustained stretch of military funding increases in a generation.
Abe has pumped up Japan’s military budget every year since he’s been in office. For 2018, he’s asking for 2.5 percent more for the Ministry of Defense — a princely total budget of $48.2 billion.
To Abe supporters, such ambitions smack of realism rather than militarism: Given the threat posed by North Korea, any nation would want the option of pre-emptive self-defense.
Japanese and American hawks have long argued that Tokyo's military spending is too low relative to its more militaristic neighbors.
After all, Japan’s SDF already walks and talks like a real military. With nearly 250,000 standing soldiers, Asia’s most powerful navy and some of its most advanced military technology, Japan already ranks among the world’s top 10 defense spenders.
Michishita and other analysts reject the notion that more weapons for Japan would spark a regional arms race. They maintain Abe’s militarization will maintain the current balance of power rather than allowing Japan to yield ground to China.
“There is right now a one-sided arms race that China is winning,” said Jeff Kingston, a professor of Japanese history at Temple University’s Tokyo campus.
That China and South Korea might take exception to Japan’s more aggressive posture is predictable, Kingston said. Beijing and Seoul regularly invoke Japan’s history of war crimes for domestic consumption.
But for all of its defensive logic, most troubling for Abe’s opponents both inside and outside Japan is the prime minister’s subtle but noticeable revival of nationalist rhetoric and authoritarianism — the kind of talk that reminds many in East Asia of the years of jingoism that led to World War II.
For example, Abe remains a card-carrying member of the Nippon Kaigi, an influential nationalist lobbying group.
Abe has already followed his words with action.
Two years ago, he pushed through legislation that reinterpreted Japan’s pacifist constitution, allowing Japan’s military to operate more independently in combat zones such as U.N. peacekeeping operations.
And last year, he passed a controversial anti-terrorism law that handed police broader surveillance powers and another that placed tighter controls on state secrets. Abe argued the changes were needed to allow Japanese intelligence to share information with its allies.
Fujita, the opposition lawmaker, warned against rhetoric that could damage Japan’s standing across the region.
“I have a belief that a nation’s surest defense is the trust and gratitude of its neighbors,” he said.
Most surprising to many Japanese is the sudden mutual affection between Abe and President Donald Trump, who is widely reviled in Japan.
As North Korea’s threats accelerated this year, Trump phoned Abe far more often than he dialed South Korea’s liberal Prime Minister Moon Jae-in.
Trump and Abe also played golf at the president's Florida resort in February — something which didn't play well among much of Japanese public, Kingston said.
While the love-in with Trump and overtures toward militarization attract support during confrontations with North Korea and play well with Abe’s right-wing base, they are ultimately shortsighted, said Fujita and Yoichi Funabashi, chairman of the Tokyo-based Asia Pacific Initiative.
Even though Trump had criticized Japan during his campaign for freeloading off America’s military might, more militarization could backfire by convincing Trump that Japan no longer requires U.S. support, he said.
When the Diet, the Japanese legislature dominated by Abe’s Liberal Democratic Party, reconvenes later this month, it will offer a first glimpse of how much support the prime minister enjoys among the political class.
Abe is considering calling snap elections one year early — a risky gambit meant to consolidate his sudden popularity.
He has North Korean leader Kim Jong Un to thank for much of his improved fortune.
Matt Bradley is a London-based foreign correspondent for NBC News and MSNBC.


Question: Write an analysis of the approval ratings of Canadian provincial premiers.

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 Write an analysis of the approval ratings of Canadian provincial premiers.

June 22, 2017 – Canadians appear increasingly underwhelmed by the performances of their provincial premiers. While some are taking steps back from alarmingly low approval levels, others find themselves sliding into previously unknown territory. The rest find their fortunes largely unchanged over the last quarter. It should be noted that five premiers post higher approval than last quarter in their respective provinces, up from only one in March.
Atlantic premiers are among those experiencing the largest increases in approval – Newfoundland and Labrador’s Dwight Ball and New Brunswick’s Brian Gallant are up eight points and six points respectively. In Nova Scotia, Stephen McNeil won a second straight majority government, though a slim one, in the May 30th general election. His rating increase five points. Given that three months ago all three leaders had approval levels in the 20-30 per cent range (Ball still does), this is no doubt welcome news for them.
Also in the plus column – Ontario Premier Kathleen Wynne. Canada’s least popular premier, Wynne rebounds slightly this quarter to 15 per cent, ending a precarious slide toward single digit approval. Facing an election about a year from now, Wynne’s government has recently introduced a plan to raise the minimum wage from $11.40 an hour to $14 an hour in 2018 and $15 in 2019. It also launched a basic income pilot project and tabled a budget that rolls back a significant and highly unpopular increase to hydro rates.
BC Premier Christy Clark, whose party lost its majority in the May 9 general election now has the approval of one-third (34%) of British Columbians. Heading into an unprecedented legislative session on June 22, it is unclear how much longer she will hold the job should her caucus lose the confidence of the legislature.
Saskatchewan’s Brad Wall continues his tenure as most popular premier in the country – but from a weakened position. For the first time since November 2010, the number of people in that province who say he is doing a good job has fallen below the majority level, to 45 per cent this quarter. This represents a decline of seven points, largely attributable to a tightening of the provincial purse announced in the new budget.
The Angus Reid Institute has a more detailed analysis of the political landscape in that province here.
Next door in Manitoba, Premier Brian Pallister’s approval levels have dropped for the third time in as many quarters, down four points to 41 per cent. That said, he maintains his spot as the second most popular premier in the country. The sojourning premier continues to face questions about the amount of time he spends in Costa Rica and his methods of communication with staff while he is abroad.
In more policy related news from the past few months, Pallister took umbrage with Ontario’s minimum wage hike announcement and the preceding rate bump in Alberta in a video posted early this month. His government announced an alternative plan – to tie minimum wage to inflation increases. This, after freezing Manitoba’s wage rate at $11 an hour after last year’s election victory.
Declining three points each are Quebec’s Phillipe Couillard and Alberta Premier Rachel Notley.
Couillard made waves recently by voicing his desire to reopen the constitutional debate over his province’s place in the Canadian Constitution. His government released a 200-page document restating the “five conditions” put forth by premier Robert Bourassa in 1986, including the recognition of Quebec as a distinct society and a guarantee of Quebec’s representation on the Supreme Court. Quebecers’ response to this appears muted – his approval stands at 32 per cent.
In Alberta, pipeline politics are once again front and centre. The election result in British Columbia has put the future of the Kinder Morgan TransMountain pipeline in some doubt. Notley has been vigorously defending the project in the name of Alberta’s economic interests, but it may not be enough in the face of a renewed, refreshed challenge from a newly-united right-of-centre movement. While a unified opposition led by Jason Kenney gains steam, the premier’s approval drops three points this quarter to 28 per cent.


Question: Have you heard about the rise in obesity around the world?

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 Have you heard about the rise in obesity around the world?

The number of obese people around the world has increased dramatically in the past 40 years, and now tops the number of people who are underweight, according to a new study.
The study, published in the journal The Lancet, looked at global, regional and national body mass index patterns among adults from 1975 to 2014, and found 641 million obese people in 2014, compared to 105 million in 1975. Over the same time period, the proportion of obese men worldwide has more than tripled and the proportion of obese women has more than doubled. The number of people who are underweight has fallen slightly.
Based on these findings, the researchers estimated that in nine years, a fifth of all adults globally and 40% of American adults will be obese.
“Over the past 40 years, we have changed from a world in which underweight prevalence was more than double that of obesity, to one in which more people are obese than underweight,” said study author Majid Ezzati from the School of Public Health at Imperial College London in a statement. The researchers add that being underweight continues to be a problem in poor areas, especially in South Asia and East Africa.


Question: What is known about William Cunningham Blest? Respond in 2 sentences.

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 What is known about William Cunningham Blest? Respond in 2 sentences.

William Cunningham Blest (1800 – 3 February 1884) was an Anglo-Irish doctor, the president of the first Medical Society of Chile, creator of the first School of Medicine in Chile, a politician and father of the novelist Alberto Blest Gana. Through his illegitimate son, Ricardo Blest Ugarte, he was grandfather of Clotario Blest.


Question: Describe the Lilliput effect.

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 Describe the Lilliput effect.

The Lilliput effect is a decrease in body size in animal species which have survived a major extinction. There are several hypotheses as to why these patterns appear in the fossil record, some of which are: the survival of small taxa, dwarfing of larger lineages, and the evolutionary miniaturization from larger ancestral stocks. The term was coined in 1993 by Adam Urbanek in his paper concerning the extinction of graptoloids. This size decrease may just be a temporary phenomenon restricted to the survival period of the extinction event.


Question: Attend a React Workshop for beginners

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 Attend a React Workshop for beginners

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Question: Describe the differences between the Obama and Trump administrations in terms of economic success for minorities.

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 Describe the differences between the Obama and Trump administrations in terms of economic success for minorities.

Donald Trump waved his magic wand again. Now, he’s created record unemployment rates for minorities all across America.
Recently the new jobs growth report was posted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics stating that 228,000 jobs were created in November.
“Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 228,000 in November, and the unemployment rate was unchanged at 4.1 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today.
The unemployment rate held at 4.1 percent in November, and the number of unemployed persons was essentially unchanged at 6.6 million.
What a crappy racist Trump turns out to be!
Perhaps the media doesn’t want to speak ill of President Trump, given that he’s actually helping minorities. Can’t let the word out about that, as white people might get mad.
America’s economy is booming, and it’s because of President Trump. But that doesn’t stop America’s Affirmative Action president from looking for presidential reparations.
In a speech recently about global climate change, Obama chose to take credit for President Trump’s booming economy.
Let’s see who has the longest streak of job creation after Trump is done trouncing Obama’s puny economic gains.
In a speech during the presidential campaign of 2016, Obama explained that jobs weren’t staying in America. Nor were they coming back. He then declared that anybody saying anything different is a lying and snake oil salesman.
I’m sure many Americans find it ironic that the man who said Trump would need a magic wand to save Carrier and America now wants to take credit for Trump saving Carrier.
Needless to say, Obama is just clueless as to how the economy works. Obama watches Trump work “magic”, with the fascination of a child. Only Trump’s performance is not magic at all. His “magic” comes from years of experience as an entrepreneur.
Major companies including Carrier, Ford, Softbank, US Steel, and now Alibaba pledged to return more than a million jobs to America after Trump won the election. No such commitments were made under Obama, and for good reason.
To believe Obama ushered in the boom America experiences requires one to believe in the Yeti or Sasquatch. The Narcissist in Chief waited until he was out of office to unleash the economic kraken?
And what of this factoid: during his 8 long years as president, Obama presided over the LOWEST economic growth in decades.
“While Barack Obama was in the White House, the average duration of unemployment in the United States had risen from 19.8 weeks to 32.8 weeks.
In 2008, 53 percent of all Americans considered themselves to be “middle class”. But by 2014, only 44 percent of all Americans still considered themselves to be “middle class”.
We had the lowest homeownership in America for seven years in a row under Obama.
62 percent of all Americans were living paycheck to paycheck under Obama.
The U.S national debt approximately double during the eight years of the Obama administration. In other words, under Barack Obama the U.S. government accumulated about as much debt as it did under all of the other presidents in U.S. history combined.
The poverty rate in the United States has been at 15 percent or above for 3 consecutive years. This is the first time that has happened since 1965.
From 2009 through 2013, the U.S. government spent a whopping 3.7 trillion dollars on welfare programs.
And perhaps the group of people who suffered the most were the minority communities, whom Obama vowed to help.
According to The National Review, the first black president is responsible for a decrease in black American labor force participation by 2.4%, a decrease in black teenage labor force participation by 2.7%.
Next, Obama’s policies increased poverty among black Americans by 1.6%, and brought a decrease in the median income for black households by 1.5%.
Now however, under president Trumps these numbers are dramatically changing including the black unemployment and Hispanic unemployment rates.
“BLS stats show that from July of 2016 to July of 2017, the unemployment rate for black Americans has dropped one full percentage point. Last year, the rate was 8.4 percent. It fell to 7.4 percent.
Yet the left keeps insisting Trump is bad for blacks and minorities.
Trump’s “magic wand” in creating jobs benefits EVERY American.


Question: Have you ever tried a low-alcohol or no-alcohol beer? How do you feel about them?

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 Have you ever tried a low-alcohol or no-alcohol beer? How do you feel about them?

Just when you thought I couldn’t find another Britain-based beer story to cover, here it is. According to the Daily Mail, the British public purchased more than 18.2 million liters (4.8 million gallons) of low-alcohol or no-alcohol beer in the previous 12 months. This 17% raise in sales for these market segments comes at a time when “high alcohol beers” (with an ABV of 7.5% or more) saw an 11% decline.
The article attributes the increased taste for reduced or zero alcohol content beers to the public awareness campaigns lead by the government and some beer brands to be conscious of alcohol consumption. Alcohol-free beers such as Brewdog’s Nanny State ale and Heineken’s 0.0 have seen tremendous sales in recent times. Recent figures, of an unreported source, suggest that as many one in five British adults is a teetotaler (do not consume alcohol).
It would appear that the trend transcends the British market, with slow but steady sales growth in several regions. A 2016 article posted by beveragedaily.com reports that no-alcohol and low-alcohol beers account for just 0.6% and 2.2% of the global beer market, respectively.
Typical target audiences for non-alcoholic products include pregnant and nursing women, designated drivers and those who cannot consume alcohol for religious reasons. However, there is a stigma attached to many of these beers, as they may be seen as “distress purchases”. Kevin Baker, a senior consultant with Globaldata Plc (previously Canadean), argues that many people in these target populations may be inclined to “leapfrog” non-alcoholic beers and simply opt for sodas.
Brew News: Brews and Bud: Sparking Up a Friendship?
Low alcohol beer has its own share of woes. It sits in a somewhat reverse-goldilocks situation where it contains too much alcohol for those trying to abstain entirely, but too little alcohol for those seeking the typical effects of beer.
It’s no secret that there is a growing trend of increased scrutiny being placed on foods and beverages in the market place. Whether its the non-GMO movement, or the rapid rise of the craft-beer market, many consumers are moving away from mass-produced “soulless” products. The heightened awareness of what consumers put in their bodies could also be playing a significant part in the rise of low and non-alcoholic beers.
In the UK, a company named lightdrinks.co.uk sells a wide range of low alcohol, no alcohol and low calorie beers. Product listings highlight the low caloric content of the offered beverages. With many studies tying excess calorie and alcohol consumption to a bevy of health complications, it stands to reason that the more health conscious of us may turn to these market segments in higher numbers.
How do you feel about low and non-alcohol beers? Have you tried any and, if so, where they any good? Would you ever consider trying these beers? Comment below and let me know.
Interesting article, I personally would never regularly drink NA beer, haha.
one in five British adults is tee-total (do not consume alcohol). teetotaler not tee total.
Interesting! I’ve heard the term spoken before but it’s not common parlance here in the US.


Question: Describe Taraji P. Henson's journey to success. Respond in detail.

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 Describe Taraji P. Henson's journey to success. Respond in detail.

Actress Taraji Henson discusses her hard road to success, and urges people to ignore the naysayers and chase their dreams, because our future is always in our hands.
Actress Taraji P. Henson discusses her hard road to success, and urges people to ignore the naysayers and chase their dreams, because our future is always in our hands.
“So I moved to California with $700 in my pocket and my toddler. I have to fight the good fight because people are telling me I can’t. You can’t do this, you can’t … are you crazy? You’re moving to California with your son, you’ll never make it. I was 26 when I decided to come here. There’s the age thing. ‘Oh you’re too old.’ If you listen to people, and if you allow people to project their fears onto you, you won’t live.
“What if I believed those people who told me that when I became pregnant in college that I wouldn’t finish? I walked across that stage with my son on my hip and I collected my degree. My diploma.
“I didn’t hear the naysayers when they were like, ‘You’re too old to go to California, if you don’t hit by 25, you’re not going to make it.’ I will be 46 this year. I am just touching the surface. I am just getting started.
“I wasn’t born with a silver spoon in my mouth. I had a passion, I had a dream and I [dove] in and I went for my dream.


Question: What does denuclearization mean for both the US and North Korea?

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 What does denuclearization mean for both the US and North Korea?

WEST PALM BEACH, Fla. — President Donald Trump on Sunday claimed North Korea has agreed to “denuclearization” before his potential meeting with Kim Jong Un. But that’s not the case.
North Korea said Friday it would suspend nuclear tests and intercontinental ballistic missile launches ahead of summits with the U.S. and South Korea. Kim also said a nuclear test site would be closed and “dismantled” now that the country has learned how to make nuclear weapons and mount warheads on ballistic rockets.
South Korea, which is set to meet with North Korea later this week, has said Kim has expressed genuine interest in dealing away his nuclear weapons. But the North for decades has been pushing a concept of “denuclearization” that bears no resemblance to the American definition, vowing to pursue nuclear development unless Washington removes its troops from the Korean Peninsula and the nuclear umbrella defending South Korea and Japan.
South Korea’s president has said Kim isn’t asking for the withdrawal of U.S. troops from the Korean Peninsula as a condition for abandoning his nuclear weapons. If true, that would seem to remove a major sticking point to a potential disarmament deal.
But that still doesn’t address a North Korean arsenal that now includes purported thermonuclear warheads and developmental ICBMs developed during a decadeslong cycle of crises, stalemates and broken promises.
A place and date have yet to be set, but Trump’s pick to be the next secretary of state, CIA Director Mike Pompeo, traveled to North Korea on Easter weekend to lay the groundwork for the meeting. Trump has called the talks a success, but it’s unclear exactly what was agreed to, if anything, as a condition for the leader-to-leader talks.
“Look, this is a great public relations effort by Kim Jong-un. And I think people recognize that,” Sen. Bob Corker, R-Tennessee, said Sunday on CNN’s “State of the Union.” But asked whether be believed the North would denuclearize, Corker offered caution.
“Well, I don’t think he said anything about denuclearizing on the front end necessarily,” he said.
He added on ABC’s “This Week” that it’s unrealistic to think that “somebody’s going to go in and charm” Kim out of keeping his nuclear weapons.
Sen. Tom Cotton, R-Arkansas, was equally as skeptical on CBS’ “Face the Nation,” arguing that North Korea’s recent statements are easily reversible and that no announcement has been made about short- or medium-range ballistic missiles that threaten South Korea and Japan.
Asked what denuclearization means to both sides, White House Legislative Director Marc Short said on NBC’s “Meet the Press” that there needs to be a sit-down meeting to make sure everyone’s on the same page.
Left: FILE PHOTO: A combination photo shows North Korean leader Kim Jong Un (L) in Pyongyang, North Korea and U.S. President Donald Trump (R), in Palm Beach, Florida, U.S., respectively from Reuters files. Photo via Reuters.


Question: Please provide a summary of the documentary film 'Where Soldiers Come From.'

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 Please provide a summary of the documentary film 'Where Soldiers Come From.'

A film about growing up, Where Soldiers Come From is an intimate look at the young men who fight our wars and the families and town they come from. Returning to her hometown, Director Heather Courtney gains extraordinary access following these young men as they grow and change from reckless teenagers, to soldiers looking for roadside bombs in Afghanistan, to 23-year-old veterans dealing with the silent war wounds of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and PTSD.
Enticed by a $20,000 signing bonus and the college tuition support, best friends Dominic and Cole join the National Guard after graduating from their rural high school. Soon their group of friends joins them, and eventually the young men are sent to Afghanistan, where they spend their days sweeping for Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs). By the time their deployment ends, they are no longer the carefree group of friends they were before enlisting; repeated bombs blowing up around their convoys have led to TBI symptoms, and they have all become increasingly disillusioned about their mission.
Where Soldiers Come From won the 2012 Independent Spirit Truer Than Fiction Award, and is a co-production of Quincy Hill Films and ITVS, in association with American Documentary | POV. The film had its national broadcast premiere in Fall 2011 on PBS’s award-winning documentary series POV, and has been chosen as an encore broadcast in September 2012.


Question: Explain why marijuana stock investors should not worry about the federal government's efforts to prevent further support for marijuana.

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 Explain why marijuana stock investors should not worry about the federal government's efforts to prevent further support for marijuana.

Marijuana stock investors shouldn't worry about the federal government's secret plans to whack weed before it grows too much support.
Call it a buzzkiller from BuzzFeed.
On Wednesday, online news site BuzzFeed reported that the Trump Administration is engaged in a "secret war on weed." BuzzFeed stated that the Marijuana Policy Coordination Committee told multiple federal agencies to submit "data demonstrating the most significant negative trends" about marijuana use. The goal appears to be to try to prevent further support for relaxing federal anti-marijuana laws.
If the committee is successful in its efforts, companies with U.S. marijuana operations such as Scotts Miracle-Gro (NYSE:SMG), CannaRoyalty (NASDAQOTH:ORHOF), and Kush Bottles (NASDAQOTH:KSHB) could see their hopes of operating in a fully legal environment dashed.
But don't go shorting these stocks. Here are three reasons why this plot to derail marijuana momentum will flop -- and do so bigly.
Love him or hate him, one thing pretty much everyone will agree on about President Trump is that he marches to his own beat. He stated in his presidential campaign that his top adviser was himself. So far, that statement appears to be pretty accurate.
The effort to cast marijuana in a negative light isn't coming from Trump. Instead, it's being coordinated by the Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP). Jim Carroll is the head of the ONDCP, a position also known as the "drug czar." Carroll isn't a close confidante of the president. He wasn't even Trump's first pick for the position.
President Trump has publicly expressed his view that states should be allowed to make and enforce their own marijuana laws. In April, he pledged to support legislative efforts led by Sen. Cory Gardner (R-Colo.) that would prevent federal interference in states that have legalized marijuana (like Gardner's home state of Colorado). The Denver Post reported that Sen. Gardner's spokesman stated that the senator "remains confident in the commitment the president made to him to support a states' rights solution to the current disconnect on marijuana law."
Coming out swinging against efforts by states to legalize marijuana is a bad political move on multiple fronts. First, President Trump would be blatantly going against what he has publicly stated he supports. I know, what a shock it would be for a political figure to do a 180. But Trump would catch a lot of flak -- and he knows he would.
Speaking of flak, a major reason why the president came out in favor of relaxing federal marijuana laws earlier this year was that Sen. Gardner was holding up confirmations of political appointees. If Trump breaks his word, you can bet that Gardner will resume the logjam that worked pretty effectively in the past.
It's no secret that the American public has grown increasingly supportive of the legalization of marijuana. I doubt that a report from a group called the Marijuana Policy Coordination Committee based on data collected from more than a dozen federal agencies is going to sway public opinion. Quite honestly, the committee itself sounds like a creature from the swamp in D.C. that Trump has promised to drain.
The nail in the coffin for the "secret" effort to derail the momentum for marijuana is that it's not a secret anymore. The cat's out of the bag already thanks to the reporting by BuzzFeed. And because it appears that the committee's report will be intentionally biased, I suspect that it will be largely discredited from day one.
More important, though, the cat's out of the bag already with respect to legalized marijuana in general. Thirty states plus the District of Columbia allow legalized medical marijuana. Nine states allow the legal use of recreational marijuana. More are likely to follow in their footsteps.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) even recently approved a marijuana-based drug for treating rare forms of epilepsy. That would make it hard for the committee's report to convincingly argue that there aren't medical benefits associated with marijuana.
I suspect the official report from the Marijuana Policy Coordination Committee will end up where lots of reports from federal committees and agencies go -- the trash can. Investors appear to be betting that's what will happen. Scotts Miracle-Gro stock moved higher the day after the BuzzFeed story went public. CannaRoyalty's share price was up, too, while Kush Bottles stock was basically flat. If investors thought the president would renege on his commitment to Sen. Gardner, these stocks would have fallen.
There's still a long way to go before federal marijuana laws are revised. But I don't think the odds of that happening are one smidgen lower now that the committee's anti-marijuana campaign has made the news. I continue to believe that it's only a matter of time before the federal government gets out of the way and allows states to make their own decisions with respect to marijuana.
Even if this view proves to be correct, though, it doesn't mean that all marijuana stocks are smart picks. Investors still need to do their homework before buying any marijuana stock. However, I think that the U.S. cannabis industry is here to stay. Companies like Scotts Miracle-Gro should be winners over the long run. The Marijuana Policy Coordination Committee won't be.


Question: Wow, Disney looks like they're up to some new things! Respond in 9 sentences.

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 Wow, Disney looks like they're up to some new things! Respond in 9 sentences.

Disney debuted mobile stages today at Disney’s Hollywood Studios. The stages are used for the Star Wars: A Galaxy Far, Far Away show. There are three stages total, and they are able to be rolled away in the evening before the nighttime fireworks show. Let’s take a look.
As we noted earlier, there are three mobile stages, with a small bridge connecting them for the characters to use.
There are two rooms behind the screens where the characters stay during the show.
The stages are all on the lower walkway, leaving the raised Center Stage area unused.
The stages stay in place after each show, but we’ll be back later to capture video of them returning backstage later.
Next articlePHOTOS: Adventureland Veranda Work Expands; Club 33 Incoming?


Question: Explain how Jeremy Corbyn’s Labour Party manifesto positively affects progressive politics in Britain.

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 Explain how Jeremy Corbyn’s Labour Party manifesto positively affects progressive politics in Britain.

As a result, three things have changed. First, there is clarity about what Corbynism represents, both its ambitions and its limits. Faced with the choice, Corbyn opted to send 18-year-olds to university for free rather than reverse all cuts to welfare benefits. Faced with necessity, he disavowed pacifism and pledged to authorise war in the last resort.
Second, from the experience on the doorstep and on the high street this weekend, the manifesto is popular, even if Corbyn himself remains “Marmite” to some voters. Third, it accelerates the possibility of a new centre party emerging after the 8 June election.
I think it would be a positive development. Labour, far from collapsing like its French counterpart, has put on five percentage points in three weeks by discovering its inner Bevanite. By contrast, it is the liberal centre that has become disorganised and incoherent.
At every well-heeled political gathering, denial reflexes are stronger than coherent plans of action. Each week, a new straw emerges to clutch at: maybe the involvement of foreign tech firms makes the referendum illegal; maybe Gina Miller will work her magic in the courtroom; maybe the deal will be so bad that parliament will have to call a second referendum.
For the forseeable future, progressive politics in Britain will be a story of alliances. Those inside Labour who cannot stomach the decisive rejection of free-market economics and adventurist war should have the decency to campaign on the manifesto, which was democratically scrutinised and agreed.
They should be proud of Labour’s pledges to end the health cuts, make university tuition free, end the elderly care crisis and begin the move to a Nordic model of childcare. If they can’t be, they will feel happier elsewhere.
Like tens of thousands of party activists, I feel this is a manifesto Labour could win on, even if it may not in the extraordinary circumstances of 2017. It has taken my generation of the left half a lifetime to end Labour’s addiction to free-market capitalism and expeditionary warfare. We are not going back.


Question: Describe how you feel about the lack of coverage being given to the connection between extreme weather and climate change in the media.

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 Describe how you feel about the lack of coverage being given to the connection between extreme weather and climate change in the media.

This month’s scorching heat wave broke records around the world. The Algerian city of Ouargla, with a population of half a million, had a temperature of 124.3 degrees Fahrenheit on July 6, the hottest reliably measured temperature on record in Africa. In Ireland and Wales, the unusually hot weather revealed ancient structures normally hidden by grass or crops. In Chino, California, the mercury soared to 120 degrees. Another round of hazardous summer heat is expected this week, with record high temperatures possible in the southern United States.
The prolonged heat wave has been a staple of television news for weeks. However, most of the coverage has been sorely lacking in context: Humans are warming the planet, and scientists have already linked some heat waves to climate change. A recent analysis published in the journal Nature Climate Change concludes that human-driven climate change, rather than natural variability, will be the leading cause of heat waves over the western United States and Great Lakes region as early as the 2020s and 2030s, respectively.
I would say it MIGHT improve, but saying it would “undoubtedly” improve is factually incorrect and could be seen as an intelectualy lazy assertion. You are presuming that the lack of a connection between extreme weather and climate change being made in the media can be attributed to ignorance. I think it can be fairly assumed that at least part of the lack of meaningful coverage regarding this connection, can be attributed to an unwillingness to upset donors or to support particular ideologies. e.g. fox news.
Climate scientists have long been predicting the most likely result of climate change is a reduction in buffers at all ends of the climate spectrum. In other words we’re due for the hottest, the coldest, the driest, the wettest, the windiest, and the least windy, often all in the same year. Unless our lifestyles change radically, better get ready for climate chaos.
If people were protesting in the streets I would join them. For whatever reason we’re an incredibly selfish nation focused on the narrowest of concerns. For most of my life I’ve felt there were gross injustices such as this that in a healthy society should not tolerate but we do nonetheless.
of global warming. This is nothing new.


Question: Describe techniques for optimizing a one room recording set-up. Respond in 35 sentences.

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 Describe techniques for optimizing a one room recording set-up. Respond in 35 sentences.

Recording in a single room isn’t as bad as you’ve been told.
Here are a few tricks and things to think about that will help you get the most out of your one room set-up, both for working with bands as well as operating as a ‘one-man show’.
In a one room set-up, you don’t have the luxury of walls separating your instruments when tracking live.
The next best thing in this scenario is to use sound panels (gobos) whenever you can.
Alternatively, reflection filters can reduce bleed quite well. While these are more popular with vocals, there’s nothing stopping you from using reflection filters when miking up a guitar cab for instance.
Some might argue that some bleed can make a positive impact on the captured music, but it’s all down to your preference and the style of music you’re going for.
Sounds like a no-brainer, but as you’ll be using headphones a lot in this kind of set-up, you’re going to want to know the benefits of the different types of headphones that are available. Generally speaking, if you’re tracking, you want to check out closed-back headphones. These isolate sound better than open-back solutions, so they’re ideal for recording in one room.
But let’s say you’re tracking a full band live and they’re pretty loud, you’ll probably struggle to hear what’s going on even with headphones that isolate really well. Since you’re not going to hear a true representation of how the band sounds, it would be worth asking the band to play a short section of their song, so you can quickly play it back to make sure you’re happy. You don’t want to press record and just hope for the best.
It’s hard to rely on headphones alone, so do everyone a favor and check a short clip of the band’s song before committing to your microphone placements etc.
You might also consider purchasing an A/B speaker switch to go between your monitors and headphones with ease.
This is a neat little trick I sometimes use when miking my drums. If I add a delay plugin to my chain, I can hear exactly what the microphone is picking up a second later when I strike the drum. I find this trick saves so much time going back and forth to the desk just to press record or to hear back what you’ve recorded.
It’s arguably a more accurate method than hearing a real-time performance in the next room being played back, depending on how well the two rooms are sound-proofed.
You can add this to your master track to save the time adding it to each individual track. Alternatively, you can set a large buffer size to achieve the same effect.
Just make sure you use a really simple delay, one that doesn’t filter the sound or modulate it in any way.
This one helps in any room set-up, but it’s something that is especially useful if you do everything yourself.
When I record drums, there’s nothing more frustrating and damaging to my creativity than having to walk back and forth to the desk to re-record a take.
Having a remote app on your phone or tablet can save you both time and unnecessary hassle when you’re recording away from the desk.
While its more or less a necessity to have patch bays/stage boxes in multi-room set-ups, people often forget that tidying up your cables in a single room can save you a lot of stress!
When everything is in one room, it’s easy for things to get a bit hectic and untidy. Having stage boxes patched into your interface can free up a lot of precious floor space. Place one near each main area of your room, near the kit, the amps, etc. — and have the cables travel around the walls of the studio instead of cutting across the middle of the room.
If you’re dealing with commercial services, tidying your cables also keeps your environment safe for clients.
So there’s just a few ways to get the most out of your one room set-up.
Some people actually prefer working this way as there are also some benefits over a multi-room set-up. Some clients prefer the direct communication they have with their producer/engineer as it can really enable creativity.
Once you streamline your workflow, you can actually save a lot of time having everything there with you at your disposal.


Question: What is the expected electricity tariff increase for households from 1 July to 30 September 2018?

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 What is the expected electricity tariff increase for households from 1 July to 30 September 2018?

For the period from 1 July to 30 September 2018, electricity tariffs will increase by an average of 6.9% or 1.50 cents per kWh compared to the previous quarter.
The increase is mainly due to the higher cost of natural gas for electricity generation compared to the previous quarter.
For households, the electricity tariff will increase from 22.15 to 23.65 cents per kWh for 1 July to 30 September 2018.


Question: What is the history of the independent record label Crass Records? Respond in 8 sentences.

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 What is the history of the independent record label Crass Records? Respond in 8 sentences.

Crass Records was an independent record label which was set up by the anarchist punk band Crass.
Prior to the formation of Crass, Penny Rimbaud and Gee Vaucher had published their creative works via their own Dial House based Exitstencil Press. However the band set up the record label after encountering problems over the release of their first 12" EP, "The Feeding of the 5000", on the Small Wonder label in 1978. Workers at the Irish pressing plant contracted to manufacture the disc refused to handle it due to the allegedly blasphemous content of one song, "Asylum". The record was eventually released with this track removed and replaced by two minutes of silence, wryly retitled "The Sound Of Free Speech". However, this incident prompted Crass to set up their own record label to control all aspects of their future productions. Using money from a small inheritance that had been left to one of the band, the piece was shortly afterwards re-recorded and released as a 7" single using its full title, "Reality Asylum". A later repress of "The Feeding of the 5000" on Crass Records restored the missing track.


Question: Describe the legal proceedings of Ross Ulbricht.

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 Describe the legal proceedings of Ross Ulbricht.

A court has upheld the life-without-parole sentence for Ross Ulbricht, the creator and administrator of Silk Road, a dark web marketplace. He was convicted of drug trafficking and money laundering for the anonymous crime website.
Ulbricht, 33, was convicted in February 2015 and sentenced to life in prison three months later. A three-judge panel for the Second Circuit Court of Appeals rejected Ulbricht’s appeal of his conviction and sentencing on Wednesday.
Lawyers for Ulbricht, who was known as Dread Pirate Roberts on the massive dark web market, argued that the government violated his Fourth Amendment rights, which protect against unreasonable search and seizure. They also argued that his sentence was draconian.
Ulbricht claimed that the investigation into him used illegal searches because surveillance of his IP address occurred without a warrant. The judges did not buy his argument, finding that the surveillance of Ulbricht’s home network, Facebook and Gmail accounts, as well as the seizure and search of his personal laptop, were all backed by a warrant and were legal under modern readings of the Fourth Amendment.
The two agents “used their undercover access to exploit” the Silk Road site “for their own benefit in various ways.” Both Bridges and Force pleaded guilty to money laundering and obstruction of justice, while Force also pleaded guilty to extortion “in connection with their work” on the investigation of the site, court documents read.
Ulbricht also argued that his sentence was unreasonable because the creation of Silk Road in 2011 made the illegal narcotics industry safer as he removed drug deals from the streets and applied a feedback system to promote preferred buyers and sellers over those who were deemed untrustworthy. Between 2011 and 2013, $182 million worth of drugs were sold on the site.
"I created Silk Road because...I believed at the time that people should have the right to buy and sell whatever they wanted as long as they weren't hurting anyone else,” Ulbricht wrote in a letter pleading for leniency. “I've learned from Silk Road that when you give people freedom, you don't know what they'll do with it...Silk Road turned out to be a very naive and costly idea that I deeply regret."
It was that “staggering” amount of volume of narcotics deals ‒ along with the overdose deaths of six customers ‒ that justified the life sentence, Lynch noted. Ulbricht was classified as a “drug kingpin” during his trial, allowing for a mandatory minimum sentence of 20 years. Prosecutors did not seek a life sentence, but Judge Katherine Forrest chose it to send a message to other would-be drug kingpins on the dark web.
Although the appeals court expressed concern about Forrest’s sentencing decision, they affirmed it as legal.


Question: Describe how the prototype implementation of stream fusion optimization works and how it might be used in real-world application.

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 Describe how the prototype implementation of stream fusion optimization works and how it might be used in real-world application.

“But wait,” you may ask, “don’t we already have stream fusion?” You’d be right: but while stream fusion is available as a library, it has not replaced the default fusion system that ships with GHC: foldr/build fusion. What makes fusion scheme good? One important metric is the number of list combinators it supports. Stream fusion nearly dominates foldr/build fusion, except for the case of concatMap, a problem which has resisted resolution for seven years and has prevented GHC from switching to using stream fusion as its default.
As it turns out, we’ve known how to optimize concatMap for a long time; Duncan Coutts gave a basic outline in his thesis. The primary contribution of this paper was a prototype implementation of this optimization, including an elucidation of the important technical details (increasing the applicability of the original rule, necessary modifications to the simplifier, and rules for desugaring list comprehensions). The paper also offers some microbenchmarks and real world benchmarks arguing for the importance of optimizing concatMap.
I was glad to see this paper, since it is an important milestone on the way to replacing foldr/build fusion with stream fusion in the GHC standard libraries. It also seems the development of this optimization was greatly assisted by the use HERMIT, which seems like a good validation for HERMIT (though the paper does not go into very much detail about how HERMIT assisted in the process of developing this optimization).
She can try to use the HERMIT system directly. However, HERMIT induces a 5-20x compilation slowdown, which is quite discouraging for real use. This slowdown is probably not fundamental, and will be erased in due time, but that is certainly not the case today. The limited implementation of stream fusion in the prototype (they don’t implement all of the combinators, just enough so they could run their numbers) also recommends against direct use of the system.
She can directly incorporate the rules as stated into a compiler. This would require special-case code to apply the non-semantics preserving simplifications only to streams, and essentially would require a reimplementation of the system, with the guidance offered by this paper. But this special-case code is of limited applicability beyond its utility for concatMap, which is a negative mark.
So, it seems, at least from the perspective of an average GHC user, we will have to wait a bit longer before stream fusion is in our hands. Still, I agree that the microbenchmarks and ADPFusion case study show the viability of the approach, and the general principle of the novel simplification rules seems reasonable, if a little ad hoc.
One note if you’re reading the nofib performance section: the experiment was done comparing their system to foldr/build, so the delta is mostly indicative of the benefit of stream fusion (in the text, they point out which benchmarks benefitted the most from concatMap fusion). Regardless, it’s a pretty cool paper: check it out!
Thanks for the pointer, would have missed this. I love the footnote on the first page: ‘There is a distinction between “fusion” and “fusion that results in an optimization”.’ It frustrates me no end to see folks doing “optimizations” that end up creating closure chains isomorphic to the data structure they’re supposedly eliminating. The interaction with simplification turns out to be crucial for getting this right.
The original draft included more about HERMIT, but I removed it in order to focus on the optimization. As the simplification steps reflect, much of the exploration of the details was done interactively with the HERMIT shell. After implementing Duncan’s original rule, the development cycle was pretty much: try it on a program, figure out why things aren’t fusing away by stepping through the simplification steps, modify the optimization with what we learned, repeat. For instance, the interesting desugaring rule for failing pattern matches in comprehensions was unforeseen. How HERMIT is useful in these situations is the topic of my (as yet unwritten!) dissertation.
After submission (of course), a slightly different implementation approach occurred to me; one which avoids many of the strictness issues mentioned in the simplification steps. Also, to address you second bullet point, I think the best way to actually implement this in the real world is to give GHC a more powerful RULES system, which is something I’d really like to work on soon!
I also meant to say: most (I’d say 80-90%) of the extra compilation time is because I had to aggressively apply my list-to-stream rules using HERMIT before GHC had a chance to apply its existing list combinator rules (which are not phase controlled). If we actually turned this on by default in the prelude and did away with foldr/build, this extra overhead would disappear. Of the remaining 10-20% of additional time, at least half of that is spent performing the inlining hack before call-pattern specialization… so improvements there would claw that back as well. The concatMap->flatten rewrite itself is almost trivially fast, especially with this newer approach I’m trying.


Question: What happened in Mohmand Valley in Nangarhar Province?

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 What happened in Mohmand Valley in Nangarhar Province?

The U.S. military says a U.S. and Afghan team was lured to a meeting by insurgents posing as friendly militia members in eastern Afghanistan, triggering a shootout and a coalition airstrike on the compound.
U.S. Navy Capt. Tom Gresback said the insurgents baited the team, inviting an Afghan militia leader, a U.S. service member and an interpreter to a security shura meeting on Thursday. He said that after the meeting finished, the insurgents opened fire. The militia leader was killed, and the American service member and the interpreter were wounded.
The mission was in Mohmand Valley in Nangarhar Province. An affiliate of the Islamic State group has been active there.


Question: Describe Raju Khanal. Respond in 3 sentences.

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 Describe Raju Khanal. Respond in 3 sentences.

Raju Khanal () is a member of 2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly. He won Dang–3 seat in 2013 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election from Nepali Congress. His son Gaurav Khanal studying in Sydney is determined to follow in his footsteps of politics and striving to enter once he is done with his studies.


Question: How can I convert Word documents to PDFs?

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 How can I convert Word documents to PDFs?

In Manafort’s defense, converting documents to and from Word could be easier. Not having tried it for a while, I attempted to transform my Word draft of this blog post into a PDF. I confess that I did fumble a bit at first (it’s been a while), but I eventually managed to get the job done. According to my stopwatch, the full ordeal took me 42 seconds. It involves a few steps, but there are plenty of accessible tutorials out there if you get lost.
Changing PDFs back to editable Word documents, meanwhile, does get a little more complicated. Try it in Adobe Acrobat (via the “Save as Other” command under “File” on a Mac) and you’ll quickly be redirected to Adobe’s website and presented with a handful of subscription packages that will allow you to transform your documents. For as little as $2 a month, Adobe will allow you to convert PDF files to Word, Excel, and rich text formats. If this feels extortionate, there are also plenty of services online that promise to let you do the same thing for free, but—and, to be clear, I’m no financial genius—even people who are allegedly misreporting millions of dollars in income can almost certainly afford the budget option. Indeed, it’s probably a little safer, all things considered.
What have we learned from all this? If you’re going to engage in some kind of complicated conspiracy, it’s probably a good idea to bone up on some basic computer skills first.