Question: What is the news about matric examinations in Durban?

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 What is the news about matric examinations in Durban?

Durban - The Basic Education Department has scrapped matric supplementary examinations.
From next year, a second national exam will be held over May/June.
The national decision has been supported by education stakeholders, saying it created access for more people to complete their matric. However, concern was raised about how this would affect university applications and admissions.
Education department spokesperson Elijah Mhlanga said the decision was taken for many reasons, including that all those who qualified to write supplementary exams did not register, and of those who did, more than half did not write the exams.
“This has resulted in losses of millions of rand to the department over the years. Extra costs incurred include having question papers and answer sheets prepared, venue hire, and hiring invigilators and markers. Regardless of whether people arrive, markers are paid according to the amount of registrations,” he said.
Mhlanga said there was also a high failure rate, possibly because there was not enough time to prepare.
He said the second matric exam catered for other needs.
This decision was passed last year in Parliament. “In 2018, we want to concentrate on raising the matter more, to make the public aware,” said Mhlanga.
Basil Manuel, chief executive of the National Professional Teachers’ Organisation of SA (Naptosa), said the union supported the decision, but for different reasons.
“For us, it is about creating access for more people to complete their matric. For better or worse, our (education) system is geared more for an academic child.
“With supplementary exams you had to qualify to write the exam by failing. We wanted a system that would include more adult and part-time pupils who, for various circumstances, could not write their matric exams in one sitting. So they write exams in parts, over one or two years.
“Having a second sitting mid-year means we can afford people who’ve failed the opportunity to rewrite, and those who can only sit for some of their exams in December get an opportunity to sit for the rest in June - a six-month gap, as opposed to having to wait a year,” said Manuel.
Professor Labby Ramrathan, director of the School of Education Studies at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, said the decision made sense for efficiency.
“Any exam process is quite extensive, so if we can incorporate those who are wanting to rewrite exams and others wanting to complete their (matric) qualification, then that makes more sense. But where university admissions only take place once a year, the student will have to wait a year before they can register.
“What we need to now establish is to what extent these kinds of students will be affected,” Ramrathan said.
Vee Gani, South Durban chairperson of the KZN Parents’ Association, said the department must be clear about the process to rewrite an exam.
He said university access was already an issue for many pupils whose supplementary results arrived too late.
For more information, call the department at 0800 2029 33.


Question: "What is ayahuasca and what can it do?"

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 "What is ayahuasca and what can it do?"

Ayahuasca is an Amazonian plant blend that causes hallucinatory effects, generally enduring between 4 to 8 hours after ingestion. Going from somewhat invigorating to a great degree visionary, ayahuasca is utilized essentially as a medication and as a shamanic methods for correspondence, commonly in a formal session under the direction of an accomplished consumer.
The primary element of this wilderness tea is a vine, Banisteriopsis caapi, which like the tea itself is additionally called ayahuasca (which signifies ‘vine of the spirit’ or ‘vine with a spirit’). The auxiliary fixing is either chacruna (Psychotria viridis) or chagropanga (Diplopterys cabrerana), plants that contain a generally high measure of the hallucinogenic substance DMT.
No one knows for beyond any doubt to what extent this drink has been utilized. In the first place recorded Western contact with ayahuasca was made in 1851 by Richard Spruce, the popular ethnobotanist from England. When considering archeological confirmation of equivalent local plant utilize, it appears to be likely that its utilization goes back to no less than two centuries prior.
Presently there is a considerable measure of enthusiasm for the utilization of these sacrosanct plants and one can frequently read about them in articles and magazines. This site monitors such productions in the news segment.
Ayahuasca incites a hallucinogenic, visionary perspective and this impact is utilized by different individuals for different reasons.
Shamansor solution men bring ayahuasca to speak with nature or to perceive what is causing a patient’s sickness on an otherworldly level. In Brazil a few religions can be discovered that turn around get-togethers where ayahuasca is taken by all members. Drinking ayahuasca and singing together takes them into a recuperating and motivating sort of daze.
In the previous couple of decades ayahuasca is gradually picking up enthusiasm from Western culture also. Not just scholarly analysts in the field of psychotherapy have demonstrated an expanded intrigue. Psychonauts, i.e. individuals who hone capable and cognizant utilization of mind-changing substances, utilize ayahuasca to defy themselves with the abundance of the brain, the boundlessness of the universe, and their most profound feelings of trepidation, to encounter bliss coming about because of confronting and defeating these apprehensions.
One impact of ayahuasca is that it makes many individuals upchuck and numerous consumers get looseness of the bowels. One clan calls ayahuasca ‘kamarampi’, which comes from ‘kamarank’: to upchuck. It is likewise called ‘la purga’, as it cleanses the body through this physical impact, and refines the brain through the significant mental encounters or dreams. You for the most part feel completely revived and reawakened after a solid affair.
In spite of the fact that not one of a kind to ayahuasca, there are many intriguing reports about individuals who have been recuperated from extensive issues, similar to dependence or sadness, amid at least one sessions. This, be that as it may, can likewise be accomplished utilizing LSD, psilocybin mushrooms, iboga, different hallucinogenics or different breathing and reflection systems, and dependably includes overwhelming mental work.
Ayahuasca isn’t a wonder cure as in you drink the mix and every one of your inconveniences include vanished inside two or three hours. It is a marvel cure however, as in it brings oblivious and apparently other-common procedures to surface, which empowers you to work with it while the impacts last.
What is more one of a kind about ayahuasca, is that the impacts depend on a particular blend of two plants: Banisteriopsis caapi and chacruna (or chagropanga, contingent upon the locale). How and when precisely the revelation of joining these two plants was made by local Americans stays misty, albeit numerous clans and shamans have their own particular legendary stories clarifying this occasion.
Second, the essential element of chacruna and chagropanga is likewise a neurotransmitter found in every single individual and assumes a key part in a wide range of phenomenal conditions of mindfulness. This neurotransmitter is called dimethyltryptamine, or DMT for short, and is found in the cerebrum, blood, lungs and different parts of the human body. There is solid proof pointing towards the pineal organ (“the third eye” in recondite conventions), situated in the focal point of the cerebrum, as the fundamental production line of human DMT. Aside from individuals, DMT can be found in each warm blooded animal and in an assortment of plants.
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Ayahuasca ceremonies are fantastic for transformational growth. I have actually been to Rythmia and can not begin to explain the love, healing and transformation you will experience at the retreat.
I can just see myself at an ayahuasca ceremony. I can feel it. It feels like love.
Now I know what ayahuasca is!
I want to try ayahuasca!
I’m so glad that I found this information!
I have had life changing experiences in ayahuasca ceremonies. I have been able to deal with trauma and overcome depression. Every now and again I come back to find balance. Rythmia is one of the places I have been, and I must say it is absolutely a wonderful and loving place to heal and transform. Thank you Gerry!


Question: Can someone explain why Arch Linux doesn't allow derivative distributions like Archbang to use their brand?

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 Can someone explain why Arch Linux doesn't allow derivative distributions like Archbang to use their brand?

Over the last couple of months there have been a number of discussions on the Arch boards about the forum policy of only providing support for Arch Linux, culminating in this long thread about Archbang users (login required) being denied support and having their threads summarily closed. As it emerged in the discussion, there seem to be two separate issues at play here; the question of Arch-derivatives using the Arch brand (logo, colours and even the forum style sheets), and how the wider community of GNU/Linux distributions are treated on our boards.
The first issue is relatively simple to address. Allowing derivative distributions to use the Arch brand is, in my view, a mistake. It dilutes the value of the Arch “brand” and—as can be seen when people show up having installed a derivative and thinking they are running Arch—just confuses people.
For some of these derivatives, like Archbang, there is an argument to be made that once they have completed the installation process, they are in fact running Arch, albeit an off-the-shelf version. I find this argument to be specious. All of the derivatives that I have come across, in addition to “simplifying”1 the installation process and including X and some sort of desktop or window manager by default, also make a number of other system changes that invalidate their claim to being Arch by another name.
Right now I'd say the bug queues are flooded with bugs that you can't really act on… It's a strain on the project that there are so many users that don't really get it.
Your bugtracker becomes essentially unusable. Your forums end up the same way. No-one ends up getting much in the way of assistance at all, let alone anything approaching informed help. That may be an inevitable consequence of the collision between considerable but still finite resources and a philosophy of being the OS of the masses; Arch has nothing like that in terms of resources, and a very different philosophy.
That philosophy doesn’t include anything about shortcuts or commoditized images for a mass user base. It doesn’t mention making the installation and maintenance of your system completely idiot-proof so as to facilitate a relentless march to the very top of whatever spurious distro popularity ranking system you subscribe to. And it certainly doesn’t say anything about your entitlement to immediate and courteous support from the Arch community in the face of your own inability to reach a minimum level of understanding of what it is that you have installed on your hard drive.
If you think that you can just skip the whole tiresome RTFM thing by downloading a derivative and installing that, how exactly do you expect to be able to run a rolling release distro that has, on average, a couple of significant changes every year?
Sooner or later you are going to have to come to terms with the responsibility that is an integral part of this type of rolling release and, if you have installed it yourself, you will be much better placed to be able to build on that understanding and broaden and deepen your knowledge of your system.
That is ultimately far more satisfying for you, and much more beneficial for the rest of the community as it means that you will be more able and likely to contribute back in whatever way that you can; reporting bugs to a functioning bug tracker, editing the fine Wiki, maintaining packages in the AUR, submitting patches, etc. Doing all the things that will sustain Arch and continue to make it an attractive distribution for competent GNU/Linux users and those that are willing to invest the time to become so.
If you have used the Arch install scripts, you would appreciate that it is not really possible to provide a simpler installation process.


Question: Hey, do you know anything about "The Cavalry Has Arrived!"?

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 Hey, do you know anything about "The Cavalry Has Arrived!"?

È arrivato il cavaliere! (English: "The Cavalry Has Arrived!") is a 1950 Italian comedy film directed by Mario Monicelli and Steno. It was shown as part of a retrospective on Italian comedy at the 67th Venice International Film Festival.


Question: Hey, did you hear about the new update to Terra Terminal?

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 Hey, did you hear about the new update to Terra Terminal?

Terra, a Python / GTK3 drop-down terminal emulator, has been updated today, bringing more stability as well as some new features.
Terra looks like a combination of Guake and Terminator so you can get a nice Quake-like drop-down terminal with terminal split views (multiple terminals in one window / tab) and more. Compared to Guake, it features a lot of extra options, such as configurable terminal width, select which monitor the terminal should be displayed on and more.
With the latest version, the application now uses libkeybinder3.0 for the keybinder library which should fix many of the issues you may have encountered with keyboard shortcuts in the previous releases.
The latest 0.1.7 version also fixes various crashes and slow opening issues and re-implements the hide on lose focus feature. Other changes include: select-by-word characters and change font size using Ctrl + +/-.
Since our previous Terra Terminal article, the application has also got a feature that allows switching between terminal splits using keyboard shortcuts, create / close terminal splits using keyboard shortcuts, clickable links and many other minor changes. Also, Terra Terminal now remembers open tabs, including tab names, and restores them on startup. Unfortunately, there's no way to restore terminal splits yet.
Note: the Ubuntu 12.04 32bit package has failed to build for the latest 0.1.7 version, but this should be fixed soon.
For Arch Linux, you can get Terra Terminal via AUR: BZR or stable.
There are also Gentoo packages available.
For other Linux distributions, get the Terra Terminal source from Launchpad.
If you encounter bugs, report them at Launchpad.


Question: Describe the research on viruses that prey on marine bacteria.

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 Describe the research on viruses that prey on marine bacteria.

Electron microscope images of marine bacteria infected with the non-tailed viruses studied in this research. The bacterial cell walls are seen as long double lines, and the viruses are the small round objects with dark centers.
Postdoc Kathryn Kauffman processes seawater samples in the lab to extract the bacteria-infecting viruses they contain.
Diagram shows the relationships between marine viruses and the strains of bacteria they infect. The different strains of bacteria are shown around the rim of the circle, with colors indicating different species. Tailed viruses are shown as blue circles, and tailless viruses as orange circles. Each virus is connected by lines to the varieties of bacteria they can infect, showing that the tailless varieties each infect far more different varieties than the tailed ones, which typically infect only one or two strains.
The newly identified viruses lack the “tail” found on most catalogued and sequenced bacterial viruses, and have several other unusual properties that have led to their being missed by previous studies. To honor that fact, the researchers named this new group the Autolykiviridae — after a character from Greek mythology who was storied for being difficult to catch. And, unlike typical viruses that prey on just one or two types of bacteria, these tailless varieties can infect dozens of different types, often of different species, underscoring their ecological relevance.


Question: Respond in 3 sentences. Explain DOS Protected Mode Services (DPMS).

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 Respond in 3 sentences. Explain DOS Protected Mode Services (DPMS).

DOS Protected Mode Services (DPMS) is a set of extended DOS memory management services to allow DPMS-enabled DOS drivers to load and execute in extended memory and protected mode.
Not being a DOS extender by itself, DPMS is a minimal set of extended DOS memory management services to allow slightly modified DOS resident system extensions (RSX) such as device drivers or TSRs (as so called "DPMS clients") to relocate themselves into extended memory and run in 16-bit or 32-bit protected mode while leaving only a tiny stub in conventional memory as an interface to communicate with the conventional DOS environment. The DPMS clients do so through DPMS services provided by a previously loaded "DPMS server".


Question: Describe the 1979 Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks season. Respond in 2 sentences.

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 Describe the 1979 Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks season. Respond in 2 sentences.

The 1979 Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks season was the thirteenth in the club's history. They competed in the NSWRFL's 1979 Premiership and also won the 1979 Amco Cup.


Question: What is the latest news regarding MTA fare hikes?

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 What is the latest news regarding MTA fare hikes?

Specifics on the proposed increase in 2019 and a second four-percent hike in 2021 weren't immediately clear and won't be known until public hearings in the fall or winter. A 2017 hike likewise bumped fares on the subways, buses, Metro-North and Long Island Railroad by 4 percent, but kept the base subway fare at $2.75. Andrew Siff reports.
The MTA on Wednesday said it plans to increase fares by 4 percent each in 2019 and 2021.
The semi-annual increases would constitute the sixth and seventh hikes since 2009 --when base subway and bus fares were bumped from $2 to $2.25. The upcoming hikes have also been part of a long-planned increases every other year dating back to that year.
MTA officials said that even with the planned hikes, it is projecting significant deficits over the next several years. Officials on Wednesday blamed the budget gap on a second straight year of declining ridership as well as lower real estate revenues than expected.
The proposal comes a year after Gov. Cuomo declared a state of emergency for the subways last summer. MTA chairman Joe Lhota said Wednesday the state of emergency remains in place, as does the Subway Action Plan aimed at improving service.


Question: Respond in 42 sentences. Explain why Bernie Sanders is not using Hillary Clinton's email scandal as a negative attack in the Democratic primary.

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 Respond in 42 sentences. Explain why Bernie Sanders is not using Hillary Clinton's email scandal as a negative attack in the Democratic primary.

On Friday, the U.S. Department of State released a slate of Hillary Clinton’s emails that was so plainly a gift to Vermont Sen. Bernie Sanders, her chief rival for the Democratic presidential nomination, that it probably ought to have been reported to the Federal Elections Commission. But Sanders, in the final days before the Iowa caucuses, has refused to open it.
Clinton surrogate have been ripping into Sanders for what one spokesperson laughably called the “most negative” Democratic primary campaign in history, mainly on the basis of a single 30-second ad that criticized unnamed politicians for taking money from Wall Street. That’s patty-cake, and the Clinton camp knows it.
Recent reports have found that the Sanders camp is actively trying to tamp down the negative attacks waged on its behalf by some online supporters, and that it has even apologized to the Clinton campaign for them. This isn’t the mark of a scorched earth strategy.
Besides, if Sanders wanted to go negative, he’s got a tactical nuclear weapon in Clinton’s email scandal sitting there waiting to be used. But he hasn’t picked it up, and probably won’t.
In the long-running saga surrounding Clinton’s use of a private email server for her correspondence as Secretary of State, the State Department has disagreed with the Intelligence community over the sensitivity of information stored on the server. But on Friday, for the first time, the State Department agreed that some of the information in emails to and from Clinton, despite not being marked as such at the time, was classified. Classified, in fact, at the level of Top Secret, which means the emails are considered too sensitive to be released even in redacted form.
The attack ads write themselves, really: Even the State Department, which Clinton used to run, admits she mishandled Top Secret information.
Clinton has a convoluted defense that relies on people understanding that information can be classified retroactively, and that something Clinton sent or received years ago might have been innocuous then, but due to later events, became sensitive.
But even if that message is clearly delivered, she still has to answer for the decision to use a personal email server for State Department business. The idea that information could be retroactively classified arose only after Clinton left State. It’s one of the reasons why there are rules in place about how government employees at that level transmit and store information.
It’s arguable that the decision not to use the State Department’s own secure servers, made as either a matter of convenience or a matter of control, is disqualifying when it comes to the presidency. There is an element of recklessness in the decision that should make everyone at least stop and reflect.
Related: Iowa Caucuses – What Are They and How Do They Work?
Sanders could be hammering these points home at every stop on the campaign trail and in every television appearance or debate. But he’s not, and here’s why: Sanders knows that he is extraordinarily unlikely to win the Democratic presidential nomination, and he also knows what happens to nominees – most recently the Republican nominees in the last two presidential primaries – who spend most of a year being savaged by their own side prior to the general election.
Bernie Sanders has always been an issues candidate. He got into the race as a longshot, largely because it gave him a platform to voice his concerns about income inequality, the influence of big money in politics, and the social safety net.
Sanders is currently doing much better than he was expected to, which is great news for him in the sense that it lets him express his concerns about the state of the country to a much larger audience. But he’s still not very likely to beat Clinton. Betting markets, for instance, give Clinton a 70+ percent chance of winning the nomination.
Could Sanders close that gap by going full out against Clinton in the primary? Probably. Could he close all of it? Almost certainly not. But in making the attempt, he could easily do significant damage to Clinton’s already low public approval rating.
When the Republican nominee in a general election attacks her on the email question, alleging “politicization” can deflect some of the damage. But when the Republican in question is quoting a Democrat, the claims of politicization don’t work so well.
Sanders may not like the way the social safety net is structured. But forced to pick between a Clinton White House that doesn’t do enough, in his view, to strengthen it, and a Republican White House that might go along with the GOP-led Congress’s recent vote to shred it, Sanders has only one choice.
The same goes for Sanders’ other issues. He can have a Clinton White House that is more deferential to the business community than he would be, or a Republican White House that might launch a massive program of deregulation. He can have a Clinton White House that tinkers around the edges on income inequality, or a GOP White House that declares it a non-issue.
The motive of the Sanders campaign is to make Clinton sweat, and to move her a little to the left as he does it. It isn’t to torpedo her overwhelmingly likely nomination.
Sure, Bernie doesn’t want to lose. But what he wants even less is to see a Donald Trump or Ted Cruz trample a weakened Clinton in the general election, carrying banners with quotes from Sanders’ own attack ads as they go.


Question: Describe the Latin Grammy Award for Best Regional Mexican Song.

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 Describe the Latin Grammy Award for Best Regional Mexican Song.

The Latin Grammy Award for Best Regional Mexican Song is an honor presented annually at the Latin Grammy Awards, a ceremony that recognizes excellence and creates a wider awareness of cultural diversity and contributions of Latin recording artists in the United States and internationally. The award is reserved to the songwriters of a new song containing at least 51% of the lyrics in Spanish. Instrumental recordings or cover songs are not eligible. Since its inception, the award category has had one name change. From 2000 to 2012 the award was known as Best Regional Mexican Song. In 2013, the category name was changed to Best Regional Song. In 2016, the award was changed back to Best Regional Mexican Songs.
The award was first presented to Colombian songwriter Kike Santander for the track "Mi Verdad", performed by Mexican singer Alejandro Fernández. Mexican singer-songwriter Marco Antonio Solís is the most awarded songwriter with four wins; in 2011 Solís' song "¿A Dónde Vamos a Parar?" became the first regional song to be nominated for Song of the Year. American singer Jimmy González is the most nominated performer without a win, with two unsuccessful nominations.


Question: Describe Intel's Shooting Star drone performance at the Pyeongchang Games Respond in 854 words.

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 Describe Intel's Shooting Star drone performance at the Pyeongchang Games Respond in 854 words.

Drone shows like the one on display at the Pyeongchang Games have taken place before; you may remember the drone army that flanked Lady Gaga at last year's Super Bowl. But the burst of drones that filled the sky Friday night—or early morning, depending on where in the world you watched—comprised four times as many fliers. Without hyperbole, there's really never been anything like it.
As at the Super Bowl, the Pyeongchang drone show comes compliments of Intel's Shooting Star platform, which enables a legion of foot-long, eight ounce, plastic and foam quadcopters to fly in sync, swooping and swirling along an animator's prescribed path.
"It's in essence technology meeting art," says Anil Nanduri, general manager of Intel's drone group.
Also like the Super Bowl, the opening ceremony production you'll see on your TV—or streaming device—was prerecorded. That's less of a cheat than an insurance policy; tiny drones can only handle so much abuse, and Pyeongchang is a cold and windy city.
Intel had planned to produce a live version of the show for the Pyeongchang opening ceremony crowd, but had to scrap it at the last minute due to what the company describes as "impromptu logistical changes." Television audiences, though, were always only going to see the prerecorded version of the record-setting aerial spectacle. And the Intel plans to lean into live shows throughout the week, with a separate, 300-drone act expected to take off nightly for the medal ceremonies.
"In order to create a real and lifelike version of the snowboarder with more than 1,200 drones, our animation team used a photo of a real snowboarder in action to get the perfect outline and shape in the sky," says Natalie Cheung, Intel's general manager of drone light shows.
As it turns out, bring 1,218 of those drones into harmony doesn't present much more of a logistical challenge than 300, thanks to how the Shooting Star platform works. After animators draw up the show using 3-D design software, each individual drone gets assigned to act as a kind of aerial pixel, filling in the 3-D image against the night sky.
And while more drones does provide a broader canvas, it perhaps more importantly affords a better sense of depth.
"What you have is a complete three-dimensional viewing space, so you can create lots of interesting effects and transformations when you use that full capability," says Nanduri. "It's aways easy to fly more drones for an animation and increase the perspective."
With the animation in place, each drone operates independently, communicating with a central computer rather than any of the drones around it. Just before takeoff, that computer also decides which drone plays what role, based on the battery levels and GPS strength of each member of the fleet.
The drones can typically fly for a little under 20 minutes, given the limitations of current lithium-ion battery technology. They also generally launch at a bit of a distance from the actual performance area, cutting showtime even tighter. But those handicaps apply equally to any drone show. Pyeongchang presented unique challenges all its own.
As the opening ceremonies live snafu underscores, getting these drones capable of flying in extreme conditions involves some fine-tuning of a Shooting Star drone design that has otherwise remained fairly consistent over the last two years.
"When you have these multi-rotors, you're spinning these blades, it's all about how much lift and thrust they can get," says Nanduri. "You have blades spinning in different directions, and it's self-balancing. When you have high winds, you basically have to counter that, especially depending on the direction of the wind. You need more power."
Intel didn't physically change the shape of the Shooting Star propellers. But after simulating various wind scenarios, the team did tweak the design of the drones' rotor cages for a tolerance boost to help keep the craft stable in windier conditions.
As for the cold, that impacts not so much the drones themselves, but the batteries that charge them. Temperatures on site will dip as low as 11 degrees Fahrenheit overnight, topping out at just above freezing.
"Lithium-ion batteries and cold don't really go together," says Nanduri. To that end, the Intel team tested Shooting Star performance in Finland to make sure the drones still flew as expected—and for the length of time required for the Olympic shows. But more importantly, they fine-tuned their storage systems to limit any potential damage that a deep freeze might cause. They'll also have weather monitoring and air traffic stations on-site to make the final call.
Eventually, Intel has ambitions for its drone squad to graduate from performers to professionals. A fleet of fully programmable quadcopters has compelling implications for, say, search and rescue operations. Unlocking that potential would require a regulatory overhaul, though, one that doesn't seem likely in the immediate term.
For now, however, light show spectaculars seem like a fine way for Shooting Star drones to earn their keep. Especially now that they've had their moment at the biggest show on earth.
This story has been updated to reflect that Intel pulled the live version of its opening ceremonies drone show.


Question: Explain how weak ocean currents in the Northern Atlantic can lead to climate changes.

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 Explain how weak ocean currents in the Northern Atlantic can lead to climate changes.

A weakening of major ocean currents in the Northern Atlantic, including the Gulf Stream that warms Ireland, could trigger a sudden change to Ireland’s climate that could last for two decades, Irish scientists have warned.
Rather than leading to a period of cooling, however, it could result in rapid temperature increases across the country, according to the Maynooth University team.
Such changes could have disastrous outcomes for the global climate and make the urgent need to deal with climate change more difficult, the team declares, in research published by the journal Nature.
The North Atlantic Ocean’s circulation system, responsible for Ireland’s relatively mild climate, has weakened, and is expected to weaken further in coming decades with potentially devastating consequences.
Strong ocean circulation has traditionally been associated with higher temperatures and sluggish circulation with cooler temperatures, but new research is challenging that view.
Dr Gerard McCarthy and Prof Peter Thorne of Maynooth’s Irish Climate Analysis and Research Units (ICARUS) analysed research by Professors Xianyao Chen of the Ocean University of China and Ka-Kit Tung of the University of Washington.
The research investigated ocean currents called the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) where warm water flows northwards on the surface with a southward flow of colder, deeper waters.
The best-known of these currents in Ireland is the Gulf Stream, which has long been widely recognised as protecting Ireland from extreme weather and giving the country its famous wet and mild climate.
Globally, the AMOC has been seen as a vigorous force associated with elevated surface temperatures across the Atlantic, but the new research highlights its role in storing heat in the deep ocean”.
The AMOC is now at its weakest in at least 1,600 years. Past AMOC changes have been associated with abrupt climate changes. Global surface temperatures rose steadily from 1975 to 1998, but growth then slowed for 15 years.
Between 2014 and 2017, however, the world has experienced the four warmest years on record: “Interest in this hiatus and what caused it has, therefore, waned considerably,” Dr McCarthy explained.
However, climate change is a complex response to slowly-varying external factors, so “it is essential to re-examine and try to fully understand previous climate behaviour and its underlying causes”, say the Irish duo.
The Chinese research may hold the key to explaining this hiatus, and that understanding the mechanics behind it can help us prepare for future climate change.
Atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases are increasing at an unprecedented rate, something which is widely understood as driving global warming.
Chen and Tung argue that half of the heat arising from such gases is stored in the deep waters of the North Atlantic when the AMOC is strong, which reduces overall global warming.
The 1975/1998 lull, when the AMOC was robust and strengthening, may explain the reduction in global warming that took place because it was “so effectively” able to transfer heat deep into the ocean, Dr McCarthy said.
Now, however, the AMOC will “very likely” weaken in coming decades. Indeed, the Atlantic has seen muted rises in surface temperatures relative to the global ocean over the past few decades.
Scientists have already observed that the AMOC is weakened and that “the Atlantic is surprisingly cold suggesting that it is not effectively storing heat in its lower levels”.
If rapid global surface warming on sea and land results, this could “have disastrous outcomes for the global climate and make navigating the challenges of global climate change even more difficult”, Dr McCarthy added.


Question: Describe the benefits of using Coinzilla Advertising Network for an ICO.

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 Describe the benefits of using Coinzilla Advertising Network for an ICO.

The cryptocurrency market is growing day by day as many people choose to create an ICO for their business idea. Right now, promoting an ICO is more competitive than ever. But how can you manage to reach the investors in such a competing market? Don’t worry – Coinzilla Advertising Network is here to help you to reach your ICO goals.
Coinzilla.io is an Advertising Network working only on the cryptocurrency niche. Their main purpose is to help advertisers and publishers achieve the best results. They started in November 2016 and since then they have helped many ICOs get the desired funding. They managed to prove themselves trustworthy to the cryptocurrency webmasters community and are now on their way to becoming the best and most complex cryptocurrency advertising network.
Coinzilla has three main advertising formats: Floating Banners, Standard Banners and Popunders. These were designed to help the publishers monetize their website to the maximum as well as delivering a quality amount of exposure for the advertisers. Among their greatest publishers there are: CoinMarketCap.com, TheMerkle.com, 99Bitcoins.com, EthereumWorldNews.com and many others.
Coinzilla.io is the first Advertising Network that is accepting Ethereum as a method of payment. You can start your ICO campaign on Coinzilla by using both Ethereum and Bitcoin. You don’t have Bitcoin or Ethereum yet? Don’t worry, they accept Wire Transfer too, based upon an advertiser request.
How can Coinzilla help your ICO reach the funding target?
Firstly, your ICO will be displayed among the chosen advertising formats. For the Standard banners, there are the following sizes: 728x90px, 300x250px, 486x60px and 160x600px. You may choose any desired size for the maximum exposure of your ICO. Besides this, there’s also the floating banner where the results are way above average. The standard size of the floating banner is 300x250px and will surely be a useful tool in promoting your ICO.
Secondly, there`s a team of experienced advertising managers with over 3 years of experience in the advertising field. They would be there to assist you with any question that you have. If you don’t know which ad format would convert better for your ICO or you have questions regarding how the platform works – they’ll be there to help you.
The fact that the minimum deposit is extremely low. With only 0.01, you may start your first campaign with Coinzilla.io.
You may select what countries you want to target and start a campaign only on those ones.
Check the conversions that the publishers are making and you can blacklist the ones that don’t convert according to you expectancies.
Full control to your campaign. With an easy to use system, your campaign can be paused or started at any time.
Among the ICOs that use the Coinzilla platform right now are: HeardBeats, PlayMarket, HOQU, CyberMiles and Emphy. With more and more ICOs joining daily, Coinzilla is on their way to become leaders in the cryptocurrency advertising field.
Even if your ICO is before the token sale phase, Coinzilla can provide valuable information of how to advertise your ICO and engage an audience of hundreds of thousands of ICO investors.
If you’re planning to launch an ICO or you already have one that is in the token sale phase, be sure to check out Coinzilla as soon as you can. Their experience is an advantage you need to profit from.


Question: Have you seen this video of an unidentified object captured by a US Navy F/A-18 Super Hornet?

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 Have you seen this video of an unidentified object captured by a US Navy F/A-18 Super Hornet?

This footage was captured by a U.S. Navy F/A-18 Super Hornet using the Raytheon ATFLIR Pod that was being operated by a highly trained aerial observer and weapons system operator whom the government has spent millions of dollars to train. Go Fast reveals a previously undisclosed Navy encounter that occurred off the East Coast of the United States in 2015 and the object in view remains unidentified.
What is strange is in the YouTube description, viewers are invited to visit the website https://coi.tothestarsacademy.com/ to learn more about the case. However, there is nothing about this video posted there, so far, so perhaps more is to come.
Is it part of real UFO and alien disclosure happening right now in the US, or is there a man-made explanation for this video? Share your theories on this and more in the comments below or on Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram!
Is NASA About to Tell Us Aliens Are Real?


Question: What kind of role does a Reverse Engineer, such as Eric Klonowski, play in the security industry?

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 What kind of role does a Reverse Engineer, such as Eric Klonowski, play in the security industry?

This week, I’ll be at Black Hat USA 2018 in Las Vegas. If you’ve ever been to Black Hat, then you know all about the flood of information and how hard it can be to take it all in. This year’s presentations will range from the newest trends in browser exploits, bots, and social engineering attacks, to the security status quo and how legal policies shape information security. And it’s anyone’s guess what the hottest topics around the water cooler will look like. To prepare, I reached out to Eric Klonowski, Principal Reverse Engineer at Webroot, to shed some light on his role at Webroot and what he and his peers bring to a major industry event like Black Hat.
Below is our interview, edited for length.
Tyler: Eric, tell us why a role like yours is valuable to security companies.
Eric: If you want to be successful in any industry, you have to have someone who understands the problems, down to the details, that your product is supposed to solve. That’s what I do. I work to understand threats, threat actors, and the malware that’s proliferating to help seal off the vulnerabilities they exploit and prevent attacks.
How has your role at Webroot evolved over time?
When I first came on board in 2015, my role was about 70 percent research, 30 percent development. Now, it’s more like 10 percent research and 90 percent development. We have to stay on top of the latest and greatest invasive techniques. That means we’re doing a lot of development. We have a staff reverse engineer who takes malware apart to write software that will block it better.
It’s not a regular 9-5. I’m a security nut and this work fascinates me, so it’s always on my mind.
It probably helps in your line of work to be able to think like a hacker, except you’re one of the good guys. What’s it like to live in that duality each day?
First off, “hacker” is our word. You don’t use that word.
I’m kidding. But let’s take a second to talk about “hacking.” Back when I was getting proficient at software development, I hung out in hacker forums that were full of people who would use basically copy and paste someone else’s malware to break into systems. I have no respect for that. It doesn’t take any skill or smarts.
It’s always fun to poke around and see what you can do, but you do have to know when to draw the line. Sometimes, researching malware is like being a vigilante; you report what you see and make the compromised locations known.
How quickly does your team have to act when they discover a new threat?
Our pace can vary widely, but when we discover a new threat, we try to crush it quickly. We have to move fast to hand our research and development work to the product team so they can integrate a mitigation strategy into our product. For instance, with the WannaCry ransomware attack last year, my phone was buzzing like crazy before I even got out of bed. Some days are like that.
When other researchers release a report of a new malware variant or zero-day, we crack it open and try to get a better understanding of how it might spread. As an example, if we’re examining ransomware, we want to observe the encryption mechanisms it contains. In a way, we look to see if the author made any mistakes.
What types of tools do you use in reverse engineering?
By name, I typically utilize IDA, which is the industry standard. I also rely pretty heavily on WinDBG. When it comes down to it, those tools make your job easier. But someone in my position can use a pretty wide variety of tools to disassemble software and extrapolate what they are looking for.
You once told me reverse engineering was the “ultimate puzzle.” How did you discover this type of work?
I’ve always liked taking things apart and making them work better, and I started writing code when I was nine or 10. Later, I was hired as an intern for a defense contractor and had to do a lot of security-related research and software development. That’s really where it started, and I chose to stay on full-time for a few years. Until then, I was self-taught and didn’t really understand software on a large scale, but I learned so much about development from the people I was working with. I also worked on a lot of personal projects that propelled me forward on this path.
Where there any “aha moments” for you that made you decide this was the right career?
When I started at Webroot and became familiar with how the product functioned, I was pretty excited to see that we really do a great job here. We offer such a great product; the challenge to continue to make it better each day pretty motivating. And I’m very fortunate to have found a way to get paid to do something that’s always been a hobby I love.
Eric, thanks for the interview! I know we’re grateful you’re on our team at Webroot.


Question: Describe the Fuller Court. Respond briefly.

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 Describe the Fuller Court. Respond briefly.

The Fuller Court refers to the Supreme Court of the United States from 1888 to 1910, when Melville Fuller served as the eighth Chief Justice of the United States. Fuller succeeded Morrison R. Waite as Chief Justice after the latter's death, and Fuller served as Chief Justice until his death, at which point Associate Justice Edward Douglass White was nominated and confirmed as Fuller's replacement.


Question: What is Brillon?

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 What is Brillon?

Brillon is a commune in the Nord department in northern France. It is northwest of Valenciennes and northeast of Douai.


Question: What do you know about Al-Ḥasan ibn al-ʿAbbās? Respond in 3 sentences.

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 What do you know about Al-Ḥasan ibn al-ʿAbbās? Respond in 3 sentences.

Al-Ḥasan ibn al-ʿAbbās was an Aghlabid military commander who fought in Sicily against the Byzantine Empire.
He was appointed as the governor ("ṣāḥib Ṣiqilliya") of the Aghlabid-controlled portion of Sicily in late 880, succeeding al-Husayn ibn Rabah. The Byzantines had regained confidence in the previous year, following a series of naval victories by the admiral Nasar (at Cephalonia and Stelai), encouraging Emperor Basil I the Macedonian to envisage a counteroffensive to drive the Arabs from Sicily as well as southern Italy.


Question: Have you noticed the similarities between the themes in Howl's Moving Castle and The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild?

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 Have you noticed the similarities between the themes in Howl's Moving Castle and The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild?

Howl’s Moving Castle (based on, but departing from, the Diana Wynne Jones novel of the same name) tells a story of compassion and loyalty, set against a backdrop of war. The soundtrack, composed by Joe Hisaishi, draws heavily on classical music tradition1One gorgeous track, The Boy Who Drank Stars, is prototypical 20th-century woodwind composition, moving between big sweeping chords and atonal oboe, and is, of course, very, very pretty.
Main theme to Howl’s Moving Castle.
The film’s main theme, “The Merry-Go-Round of Life”, has the rhythm and voicing of a Viennese waltz, but a melody more reminiscent of modern soundtracks. Jazzy minor sevenths and ninths abound2the piano chords at 1:16 of the video above get me every time, complementing the early 20th-century cultural era the movie’s fantasy setting loosely draws from. The main musical line (e.g. 0:12-0:37 of the video above) ends on a dominant chord in a way that feels almost like a satisfying resolution3Indeed, the brief excursion to “D major” at 1:28-1:32 of the video above treats it as exactly that. Hisaishi’s writing draws strongly on classical traditions but is not beholden to them.
The main lines of each theme sound fascinatingly similar.
All this got me thinking how to compare the two. Breath of the Wild‘s art direction has drawn many Studio Ghibli comparisons (1, 2), with its plush oil-painting vistas and gentle palettes. Indeed, much of Studio Ghibli’s work explores the connection between humans and nature. In Princess Mononoke (Studio Ghibli, 1997), San and Lady Eboshi respectively represent a brutal-but-harmonious natural order and a cold-but-progressive industrial programme4Magic: the Gathering fans might call this a blue-green duality. My Neighbour Totoro (Studio Ghibli, 1988) and When Marnie was There (Studio Ghibli, 2014) open with moves to the countryside from the city; the protagonists’ (relative) solitude and exploration of nature is intertwined with introspective character development. Breath of the Wild trades in similar themes: much of the game’s emotional aesthetic is one of child-alone-in-nature:: exploration and discovery and trepidation and growth.
That said, I can’t say there’s particularly much in Howl’s Moving Castle that evokes these themes. Perhaps chalk this all up to coincidence.
Delightful, no? Zelda fans may recognise the classic series Overworld theme at 1:185This is now my favourite Zelda Overworld allusion, supplanting the Wind Waker trailer theme (see 1:05 of linked video)..
I love the little bridge at 1:02-1:18 that connects Kass’s main theme to the Overworld theme. It fits the accordion ballad genre well; its chord progression6”Paganini-esque”? is angst and carthasis given form; it builds up to the Overworld theme and makes it sound really triumphant.
Anyway, compare that bridge to 1:50-2:08 of the Howl’s Moving Castle theme. Similar, no? It may be a coincidence, but it’s a very pretty and emotionally resonant coincidence.
5. ↑ This is now my favourite Zelda Overworld allusion, supplanting the Wind Waker trailer theme (see 1:05 of linked video).
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Question: What is a list of public art in Staffordshire, England? Respond briefly.

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 What is a list of public art in Staffordshire, England? Respond briefly.

This is a list of public art in the Staffordshire county of England. This list applies only to works of public art on permanent display in an outdoor public space. For example, this does not include artworks in museums.


Question: What can you tell me about the benefits of silence?

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 What can you tell me about the benefits of silence?

We live in a loud and distracting world, where silence is increasingly difficult to come by -- and that may be negatively affecting our health.
In fact, a 2011 World Health Organization report called noise pollution a "modern plague," concluding that "there is overwhelming evidence that exposure to environmental noise has adverse effects on the health of the population."
We're constantly filling our ears with music, TV and radio news, podcasts and, of course, the multitude of sounds that we create nonstop in our own heads. Think about it: How many moments each day do you spend in total silence? The answer is probably very few.
As our internal and external environments become louder and louder, more people are beginning to seek out silence, whether through a practice of sitting quietly for 10 minutes every morning or heading off to a 10-day silent retreat.
Inspired to go find some peace and quiet? Here are four science-backed ways that silence is good for your brain -- and how making time for it can make you feel less stressed, more focused and more creative.
1. Silence relieves stress and tension.
Florence Nightingale, the 19th century British nurse and social activist, once wrote that “Unnecessary noise is the most cruel absence of care that can be inflicted on sick or well.” Nightgale argued that needless sounds could cause distress, sleep loss and alarm for recovering patients.
It turns out that noise pollution has been found to lead to high blood pressure and heart attacks, as well as impairing hearing and overall health. Loud noises raise stress levels by activating the brain's amygdala and causing the release of the stress hormone cortisol, according to research.
An unpublished 2004 paper by environmental psychologist Dr. Craig Zimring suggests that higher noise levels in neonatal intensive care units led to elevated blood pressure, increased heart rates and disrupted patient sleep patterns.
Just as too much noise can cause stress and tension, research has found that silence has the opposite effect, releasing tension in the brain and body.
A 2006 study published in the journal Heart found two minutes of silence to be more relaxing than listening to "relaxing" music, based on changes in blood pressure and blood circulation in the brain.
2. Silence replenishes our mental resources.
In our everyday lives, sensory input is being thrown at us from every angle. When we can finally get away from these sonic disruptions, our brains' attention centers have the opportunity to restore themselves.
The ceaseless attentional demands of modern life put a significant burden on the prefrontal cortex of the brain, which is involved in high-order thinking, decision-making and problem-solving.
As a result, our attentional resources become drained. When those attention resources are depleted, we become distracted and mentally fatigued, and may struggle to focus, solve problems and come up with new ideas.
But according to attention restoration theory, the brain can restore its finite cognitive resources when we're in environments with lower levels of sensory input than usual. In silence -- for instance, the quiet stillness you find when walking alone in nature -- the brain can let down its sensory guard, so to speak.
3. In silence, we can tap into the brain's default mode network.
The default mode network of the brain is activated when we engage in what scientists refer to as "self-generated cognition," such as daydreaming, meditating, fantasizing about the future or just letting our minds wander.
When the brain is idle and disengaged from external stimuli, we can finally tap into our inner stream of thoughts, emotions, memories and ideas. Engaging this network helps us to make meaning out of our experiences, empathize with others, be more creative and reflect on our own mental and emotional states.
In order to do this, it's necessary to break away from the distractions that keep us lingering on the shallow surfaces of the mind. Silence is one way of getting there.
Default mode activity helps us think deeply and creatively. As Herman Melville once wrote, "All profound things and emotions of things are preceded and attended by silence."
4. Getting quiet can regenerate brain cells.
Silence can quite literally grow the brain.
A 2013 study on mice, published in the journal Brain, Structure, and Function, involved comparing the effects of ambient noise, white noise, pup calls and silence on the rodents' brains. Although the researchers intended to use silence as a control in the study, they found that two hours of silence daily led to the development of new cells in the hippocampus, a key brain region associated with learning, memory and emotion.
While preliminary, the findings suggested that silence could be therapeutic for conditions like depression and Alzheimer's, which are associated with decreased rates of neuron regeneration in the hippocampus.
Are You Living Your Eulogy or Resume?


Question: "Why is Italy's 2019 budget plan a problem when France has breached the 3 percent threshold for years?"

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 "Why is Italy's 2019 budget plan a problem when France has breached the 3 percent threshold for years?"

Markets have been on the edge regarding Italy's future spending, but there are other countries challenging European fiscal rules.
France, the second-largest economy in Europe, received a letter from Brussels last week, warning that its planned debt reduction in 2019 does not respect the proposals that Paris had agreed previously with the EU. Spain, Belgium, Portugal and Slovenia were also effectively told off by the EU.
In the case of France, the 2019 budget plan sees its structural deficit (the difference between spending and revenues, excluding one-off items) falling 0.1 percent this year and 0.3 percent in 2019. Paris had agreed in April to an annual reduction of 0.6 percent of GDP (gross domestic product) for its structural deficit.
Though the tone of the warning from Brussels to Paris was softer than the tone towards Rome, the two countries have perhaps more similarities than differences.
The French 2019 budget "shows that the government relies heavily on very optimistic revenues to achieve fiscal consolidation and that spending is out of control again," Daniel Lacalle, chief economist and investment officer at Tressis Gestion, told CNBC via email.
Italy has also been criticized for having very upbeat economic forecasts in its 2019 budget plan.
"In the case of France, it is a very difficult budget to accept by the European Commission because France has not had a balanced budget since 1974 and has missed its own deficit targets more than eleven times," Lacalle added.
Data from the European statistics agency, Eurostat, shows that since it started collecting French data in 1978, France has never registered a budget surplus. Italy, which has provided data since 1995, has also never presented a budget surplus.
A report from credit ratings agency Moody's, released Tuesday, showed that nominal budget deficits (the actual deficit without adjusting for the impact of inflation) in the euro area have dropped since 2008. However, "the aggregate share of mandatory spending in euro area budgets has actually risen to 76.3 percent of total spending from 74.5 percent in 2008."
"This increase mainly reflects a rise in spending on social security and assistance, pensions, education and health care," the report said.
France, traditionally seen as a welfare state, has promised in its 2019 budget plan to reform the way benefits are calculated.
According to Vincent Juvyns, global market strategist at J.P. Morgan Asset Management, the commitment to reforms is one of the big differences between France and Italy. While the government in France wants to go ahead and change certain areas, the executive in Rome has backtracked on key reforms that the previous government had implemented, including an overhaul to the pension system.
Florian Hense, an economist at Berenberg, also told CNBC via email that at a first glance the French budget might be even worse than Italy's, but added that the big difference is the rhetoric coming from the Italian government.
"Taken at face value, the French budget plans do not look much better than the Italian's, in fact they look worse. But, while France is credibly working on improving its long-run growth potential (by strengthening both the demand and supply side of the economy), Italy is doing the opposite (think a lower retirement age and fiscal spending channeled through to consumption rather than investment)," he said.
Overall, France has promised to lower its total government debt in 2019, but by a very thin margin. While France's debt is set to hit 98.7 percent of GDP in 2018, it is forecast to fall by 0.1 percentage points in 2019 to 98.6 percent.
Looking at Italy, the government said that the country's debt ratio will decline from 131.2 percent of GDP in 2017 to 126.7 percent in 2021.
Europe's fiscal rules suggest that countries should not exceed a debt ratio of 60 percent. Data from Eurostat has shown that both of these founding countries of the EU have struggled to keep their debt ratios below that threshold. But the situation seems far worse in Italy, where since 1995, debt-to-GDP has always been above 100 percent.
Despite the deviation from the rules, the European Commission has never sanctioned a member state, though it has legal ground to do that. However, the Commission has gone one step further on Tuesday in relation to Italy's latest budget — it asked for a resubmission, meaning that it does not think the Italian budget is good enough. This has never happened before.
Nonetheless, Italy keeps comparing itself to France. Deputy Prime Minister Matteo Salvini last month questioned on Twitter why Italy's 2019 planned deficit is a problem (which is set to be 2.4 percent) when France has breached the 3 percent threshold for years.
"But how, if France and Spain have been extending the 3 percent ceiling for years, nobody says anything, while if Italy tries to touch it to secure the country and boost the consumption of Italians is a problem?," Salvini said.
But Juvyns told CNBC that the French and the Italian economies are not the same, "because the debt-to-GDP level is different."


Question: Provide a brief biography of Stanley "Stan" J. Rowan. Respond in 3 sentences.

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 Provide a brief biography of Stanley "Stan" J. Rowan. Respond in 3 sentences.

Stanley "Stan" J. Rowan (31 August 1924 – 1997 (aged 72)) born in Liverpool, was an English professional bantam/feather/lightweight boxer of the 1940s and 1950s who won the British Boxing Board of Control (BBBofC) British bantamweight title, and British Empire bantamweight title, his professional fighting weight varied from , i.e. bantamweight to , i.e. lightweight.


Question: Who is Wilson David Morelo López? Respond briefly.

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 Who is Wilson David Morelo López? Respond briefly.

Wilson David Morelo López (born 21 May 1987 in Montería), is a Colombian football striker who currently plays for Argentinian club Colón.


Question: Describe some battle scenarios that are suitable rewards for early Kickstarter backers of a General Staff Wargaming System.

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 Describe some battle scenarios that are suitable rewards for early Kickstarter backers of a General Staff Wargaming System.

We want to assemble a collection of the best and most desirable rewards for early backers of the General Staff Wargaming System on the upcoming Kickstarter campaign. We are looking at catalogs of embroidered caps and oxford shirts and bags. We’re looking at fancy pens. But, then we realized that the one reward that our Grognards would really like are thirty free battle scenarios!
Nineteenth century map of Waterloo. Click to Enlarge.
It is certainly no surprise that Waterloo was the top vote-getter. It is also probably the battle that has most often appeared in a computer or board game. Indeed, Waterloo was featured in my first commercial computer wargame, UMS: The Universal Military Simulator way back in 1987. The question is: what can we do that is new and interesting? We may concentrate on the fighting around Hougomont or, perhaps, our AI will do something very unusual. Indeed, detailed analysis of Waterloo by my TIGER program (at 1000, 1430 and 1600 hours) indicated that the AI recognized that Wellington’s flanks were considered to be ‘unanchored’. TIGER AI loves to pounce on anchored flanks.
Gettysburg, Day 1. From the Official Military Atlas of the American Civil War. Click to Enlarge.
Again, no surprise that Gettysburg was one of the top vote-getters. However, unlike Waterloo, Gettysburg was a series of smaller battles that combined over three days to became the epic battle in the history of the North American continent. The first day’s fight at Gettysburg was a very interesting affair involving Confederate infantry versus Union cavalry that was backed up, in just the nick of time, by Union infantry featuring the famous Iron Brigade.
Gettysburg July 2, 1863: the Battle for Little Round Top. From the Official Atlas of the American Civil War. Click to Enlarge.
On the second day of Gettysburg, Confederate commander, Robert E. Lee, attempted to batter the Union flanks; first the Union left flank that was anchored on Little Round Top. Confederate general Longstreet argued unsuccessfully for a sweeping envelopment maneuver. Many options and a varied terrain make for an interesting scenario.
Gettysburg July 2, 1863, Culp’s Hill. From the Official Military Atlas of the American Civil War. Click to Enlarge.
Day two at Gettysburg saw Lee now attempting to force the Union right which was anchored on Culp’s Hill. One of the many interesting personal stories of Gettysburg involves the death of the Culp brothers; one who fought for the Union and the other fought for the Confederacy and both died on the farm where they had grown up. The topography for this scenario should make for an interesting battle.
Battle of Borodino. Source unknown. Click to Enlarge.
Borodino was Napoleon’s Pyrrhic victory over the Russians that opened the road to Moscow but at an extraordinarily heavy cost. As commander of the French will you be able to win with fewer casualties? As the Russians will you be able to extract even a greater toll?
This entry was posted in Kickstarter, Scenarios and tagged Kickstarter, Rewards, Scenarios on August 6, 2017 by EzraSidran.


Question: Explain why the Mount Pleasant Village Board declared land earmarked for Foxconn a blighted area.

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 Explain why the Mount Pleasant Village Board declared land earmarked for Foxconn a blighted area.

The Mount Pleasant Village Board has declared land earmarked for Foxconn to be a blighted area, allowing the village to take property by eminent domain.
More than four square miles of Mount Pleasant were declared Monday to be a blighted area, giving the Village Board further leverage to seize property by eminent domain for Foxconn Technology Group’s massive manufacturing complex and surrounding development.
Trustees voted 6-1 to declare as a blighted area some 2,800 acres of open farmland and a few dozen homes, all of it earmarked for Foxconn and the development expected to spring up around the planned electronics factory. Trustee Gary Feest was the lone dissenter, and one of only two board members to speak before the vote.
The board’s approval was expected, and most Foxconn-area homeowners either already have agreed to sell or will be subject to the use of eminent domain for road widening.
Still, holdouts remain — people who believe the 140 percent of market value the village has offered is unfair when owners of larger tracts of farmland were paid several times the pre-Foxconn price such property was bringing.
And Monday’s action likely will further sharpen the battle lines already drawn over the Foxconn project, which is lauded by proponents as an engine of economic transformation and criticized by detractors as a taxpayer-financed boondoggle and environmental threat.
“Tonight’s approval of the redevelopment plan is one more sign of progress toward Foxconn’s $10 billion, 22 million square foot advanced manufacturing campus,” Village President David DeGroot said in a statement.
As proponents have in the past, DeGroot emphasized not the eminent-domain power the blighted-area designation gives the village, but rather the financial advantages the measure confers. Communities with plans such as the one Mount Pleasant just approved can finance the redevelopment by issuing bonds exempt from both state and federal taxes, which DeGroot said could save the village millions of dollars.
The Foxconn factory is projected by the village to increase the property value of that area of Mount Pleasant nearly 80 times over and provide as many as 13,000 jobs.
But Feest said the statutes use the word “blighted” for a reason.
Also on hand Monday evening were a group of people planning a protest to coincide with the expected June 28 ceremonial groundbreaking for Foxconn and Democratic gubernatorial candidate Matt Flynn.
Flynn, a critic of the state’s Foxconn deal, which offers the company up to $3 billion in incentive payments, has said that if he is elected he will go to court seeking to have the contract declared illegal.
Monday, he said use of eminent domain to take property as Mount Pleasant envisions would provide further reason for a legal challenge.
While Flynn and some other Democratic hopefuls have attacked the Foxconn deal, Republic Gov. Scott Walker and his supporters have said the project will deliver thousands of good-paying jobs and make Wisconsin a center for a new, high-tech industry.