Question: Why is gasoline rainbow on pavement?

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 Why is gasoline rainbow on pavement?

The thickness of the gasoline is close to the wavelengths of visible light. Light reflects off of the surface of the gas/air border as well as the gas/water border. The two reflections can mix in two ways. At a given thickness, some colors are attenuated due to destructive interference, while others are enhanced by constructive interference.


Question: Why does it seem like I constantly see articles about new health benefits of medicines derived from the cannabis plant? Is the plant unique in having so many different beneficial compounds, or is a lot of this just hype as early research is performed?

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 Why does it seem like I constantly see articles about new health benefits of medicines derived from the cannabis plant? Is the plant unique in having so many different beneficial compounds, or is a lot of this just hype as early research is performed?

Short answer is: we don't really know yet. There hasn't been enough legitimate research. A lot of it *currently* is probably hype. For instance, if one study finds that it *might* have a *tiny* benefit in \[insert condition here\], it will be reported and played up. However, since it is is still a schedule I drug, it is extremely hard to get permission to do research on it, so there's not a lot of consensus (or quality studies) on most aspects of it. Yet. As it moves into a more publicly accessible area, we will start to see what effects are actually significant and which are just anecdotal/unproven/placebo effect. All of this to say, most of the benefits don't necessarily not exist, but they haven't been thoroughly proven, either. Until enough research has been done, you pretty much have to base your decisions on anecdotal suggestions and your own judgement.


Question: How does insurance work? You pay money overtime just so you don't pay when something actually goes wrong? How does that work?

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 How does insurance work? You pay money overtime just so you don't pay when something actually goes wrong? How does that work?

Imagine you, me and 98 other people are farmers. We can each sell our crops each year for 1 dollar. But each year 8 of us will lose our whole crop and make nothing. So we all decide we will pay 10 cents each year into a pot and the farmers that lose the crop get that money, so they are made whole. The remaining 20 cents goes to the insurance company for running the program. So we all agree making a little less each year is worth the peace of mind that we won’t have to go a whole year with no income. This is particularly important if we have a mortgage on our farm and have to pay that every year. If we miss it one year we lose our farm and have no source of income.


Question: can we use artifical snow to help the environment?

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 can we use artifical snow to help the environment?

Energy. That would take a *ton* of energy. The energy production/transmission (not to mention the *actual* snow blowing hardware) negatives would far exceed the climate benefits of snow coverage. In other words, there are many things to spend those resources on, or not spend them at all, if you want to mitigate climate change. I think you may dramatically overestimate our production capabilities vs weather patterns. It's tough sometimes to keep snow on a single slope of a single mountain at a ski resort. You're asking about continental scales of coverage.


Question: Why did cyan and magenta replace blue and red as the standard primaries in color pigments? What exactly makes CMY(K) superior to the RYB model? And why did yellow stay the same when the other two were updated?

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 Why did cyan and magenta replace blue and red as the standard primaries in color pigments? What exactly makes CMY(K) superior to the RYB model? And why did yellow stay the same when the other two were updated?

Red Yellow Blue was used in early printing because that was the best they knew at the time. Technology advanced, and printing color images switched to using magenta and cyan to get a wider, more accurate range of colors. Our eyes see three basic colors of light: Red, Green, and Blue. Cyan pigment only absorbs one color from light, Red; this leaves behind Blue and Green. Magenta pigment absorbs only Green. Yellow pigment absorbs Blue. Mix those three in varying combinations and you can get every color the human eye can perceive. (Technically you don't need Black in CMYK, but it takes a lot of CMY to get a good, dark Black.) In contrast, Red Yellow and Blue can only be mixed to *most* visible colors, but there are some that are simply not possible to create with those three as your "primary" colors. The reason Yellow "gets a pass" is because it is a primary color in color schemes for both subtractive light and traditional art. So why did we use Red Yellow Blue for so long? Because (a) for a long time we didn't know enough about light to know Cyan and Magenta are better primaries, and (b) Cyan and Magenta pigments are hard to make, requiring (relatively) modern processes.


Question: How come fair skinned people have harder time getting a tan? Can they even get a tan?

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 How come fair skinned people have harder time getting a tan? Can they even get a tan?

A tan is basicaly the skin's response to damage done by the sun, by increasing melanin. Since lighter skinned people naturaly have less melanin, it is harder for them to produce more. They can get a tan, but that tan will be lighter than a naturaly darker person's tan. It is also not a good idea to try and "force" a tan, since the chances of getting sunburnt (and possibly worse) are high


Question: How do ships sail against the wind?

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 How do ships sail against the wind?

They perform a series of "tacks" where they don't sail directly into the wind but sail at an incident angle while steering the boats rudder so the boat makes headway (albeit more slowly than downwind sailing) then they reverse the sail and rudder to the opposite incident angle so on average they are sailing toward the desired destination. By alternating these courses they make wayvon average to the direction desired.


Question: Why is white flour so much more common in bread/baked goods/processed foods than whole wheat flour? Isn't the latter easier and cheaper to make?

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 Why is white flour so much more common in bread/baked goods/processed foods than whole wheat flour? Isn't the latter easier and cheaper to make?

Most of the oils in wheat are found in the germ and the bran which are the parts that are removed in the process of milling white flour. Over time, the oils oxidize (rancidity) producing stale flavors. The germ and bran oils also result in a more "wheaty" flavor in general, which some people don't like. So, items produced with white flour such as pasta generally have a longer storage life without going stale, as does white flour itself. This is one major advantage. Most boxed/packaged snack foods are made with white flour for this reason. Moreover, most of the plant fiber (cellulose and lignin) is found in the bran and germ. Milling/grinding converts these parts to small, clumpy fibrous particles. The fiber modifies the gluten structure of breads and other products This results in products made with whole flour having a a coarser, more crumbly texture because the fiber destabilizes gas bubbles produced in the rising/leavening process. In breads, it's usually considered desirable to have a light, chewy, spongy texture. Creating a spongier texture in whole wheat breads generally requires adding extra gluten (wheat protein) or other dough amendments and that increases the cost.


Question: Where do the random bubbles in lakes come from?

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 Where do the random bubbles in lakes come from?

Methane gas from decomposing plant matter in the sediment. Edit:. Moderator bot says this isn't sufficient so: Plant and dead animal matter collects at the bottom of lakes and ponds, and bacteria feeds on the cellulose in the plant matter, producing small amounts of methane (CH4). This collects until a sufficient amount forms a bubble that can push up through the mud/sediment forming the bottom of the lake, then rises to the surface.


Question: Why does fire make things look blurry?

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 Why does fire make things look blurry?

The shimmer you see above a fire, or on a hot day in the distance is because air, when heated, expands, causing it to become less dense, or thinner. Light travels faster through warmer, thinner air than through colder, 'thicker' air. Since the air density and temperature isn't uniform, you get a shimmer or haze.


Question: Why does an external hard drive have varying space depending on the device it's used with?

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 Why does an external hard drive have varying space depending on the device it's used with?

The usual culprit in those cases is Microsoft's confusing way of reporting space - Windows may *display* "GB" and "TB", but what it actually reports is GiB and TiB. Your discrepancy however is too large to be solely caused by this. Are all the partitions available to your Windows machine also accessible to and readable by your console?


Question: How does our brain know to not fall out of bed when we are sleeping?

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 How does our brain know to not fall out of bed when we are sleeping?

Contrary to popular belief you are not unconscious when you are asleep. Your brain is quite alert but doesn't bother waking up your conscious mind unless it has to. This means it's taking in information from the outside world including keeping track of where it is in relation to other things. If you start to roll over and you feel the edge of the bed you'll stop rolling over.


Question: What happens when an atom has no electrons?

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 What happens when an atom has no electrons?

Then it becomes a positive ion. For hydrogen this is a pretty common condition - it has just one electron that has a tendency to wander off, leaving an exposed proton all alone. Heavier atoms produce increasingly powerful electromagnetic attraction and it's harder to strip off all the electrons. If you do manage it, the highly charged nucleus aggressively attacks other materials to steal their electrons and stabilize itself.


Question: Does the Monty Hall problem apply to the end of the TV game show Deal or No Deal?

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 Does the Monty Hall problem apply to the end of the TV game show Deal or No Deal?

No, it doesn't apply. The removal of the cases is done by someone who doesn't know where the prize is, and the big prize could have been removed at any time up until the end. It is just as likely that the one left happens to be the one with the big prize (since you chose one case out of all of the cases to *not* start with or open, and the chance of that case containing the big prize is 1/X where X is the total number of cases) as it is for you to have selected the big prize yourself (again, 1/X).


Question: What's the difference between a message being 'sent' and 'delivered'?

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 What's the difference between a message being 'sent' and 'delivered'?

When you put a letter in your outgoing mail, it's been "sent". When the letter carrier picks it up, it's "in transit". When a letter carrier drops the letter off at its destination, it's "delivered". When the recipient opens the letter, it's "read". Even though things *seem* instant, electronic messaging systems generally have a similar flow as far as an ELI5 is concerned. For example, if you message somebody who is offline, the message has been "sent" but it's not received until it is actually seen by them.


Question: Why is streaming Netflix so bad for the environment?

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 Why is streaming Netflix so bad for the environment?

It is not inherently bad for the environment if it were not for the fact that most of our power is generated from fossil fuels. Watching netflix, or streaming in general, uses a crapton of power (think multiple data centres for your lag free high res watching). Also because it "needs" to be available 24/7. In my opinion these studies are more aimed towards shifting blame. Rather than blame the fossil fuel based power generation it is shifting blame to the consumer "watching netflix makes us burn more fossil fuels!". Even if they could produce power by solar, wind or nuclear. Again this is just my opinion


Question: Why are Animals scared of us Humans?

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 Why are Animals scared of us Humans?

Because most animals evolved with humans and other animals trying to eat them. Not letting predatory animals near you is an important survival tactic. There of course are exceptions. Domestic animals have been bred to trust humans to an extent. Animals can be tamed or trained to see humans as non-threatening or to associate them with food. And then there are animals from remote islands that didn't have to consider humans a threat until they showed up on ships. You can walk up to a marine iguana and it doesn't even care.


Question: How does the US have so much debt?

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 How does the US have so much debt?

Assuming you're talking about the National Debt and not just US citizen debt. About 1/4 is owed to other parts of the government (mostly Social Security and Federal Pension accounts). About 1/10 is the Federal Reserve, company created and controlled by the US government. About 1/3 is US Investors (Savings bonds, US Treasuries). About 1/3 is from foreign investors (mostly governments purchasing US Treasuries). Lending the US government money is considered one of the safest investments possible as it hasn't defaulted on that debt and has the ability to raise capital from the largest economy on earth.


Question: How does acid break down and dissolve substances/materials/organics?

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</answer>
 How does acid break down and dissolve substances/materials/organics?

How strong or weak the acid depends on the pH (potential Hydrogen) of the substance. This is what makes an acid strong, or basic (opposite of an acid.) Numbers on opposite ends of the pH scale (~1 and ~14) are both dangerous, not just the acid. The reason it breaks down the substance is that the acid is taking away essential atoms that holds the compound (thing it is breaking down) together. This is because an atom within the acid reacts and forms an entirely new substance with various atoms it takes from the thing it is breaking down leaving it unable to stay together. It is often the Hydrogen atom in the acid that is removed and forms something new. What is formed entirely depends on the type of reaction (ie: what you're trying to dissolve, and how strong the acid is). Hope I remembered this all correctly...


Question: What's the difference between center of mass and center of gravity?

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 What's the difference between center of mass and center of gravity?

There is no difference between the two unless the force of gravity varies across the object. On earth, gravity is almost exactly the same everywhere so, even for quite large objects, the difference will not be measurable. For huge objects, like a space elevator cable 40 & #8239;000 & #8239;km long, the centre of gravity will be lower (closer to earth) than the centre of mass, because gravity is stronger near earth.


Question: how do scientist know how much planets weigh?

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 how do scientist know how much planets weigh?

They either see how it interacts with the sun, see how objects fall toward or orbit around it (these are the same thing - orbits are just falls which keep missing the ground), or use something like the Cavendish experiment in order to get a weight. Earth's mass (times the gravitational constant G) was discovered by the last process. Note, though, that no result concerning gravity is especially precise. Other planets in our solar system are massed by the second means. Actually, we explain how a property (such as gravitational acceleration) behaves as a function of mass, then we take the ratio of the property on that planet with that on Earth; we can then express the planet's mass as a fraction or multiple of Earth's. For objects in other solar systems, we use the first method when seeing how much a star wobbles as a body orbits around it. This is actually how we discover some exoplanets and gain insight about what they are (usually, they are gas giants because it is hard to detect anything else, but we are getting better now). One can also get an estimate for the mass by just knowing the materials of which the planet is composed (and their relative fractions), knowing their densities, and then multiplying the volume of the planet by those densities and adding. Often, though, this process is reversed in order to check a theory or to figure out what the composition of an object is (especially beneath its surface). Stars are massed similarly or one can watch how much their gravitation bends the light from the stars behind them (such as during an eclipse).


Question: How American Olympic gymnasts (Simone Biles, Aly Raisman, Gabby Douglas, etc) compete as teens over college-aged, NCAA gymnasts. Are they, as teens, that much better than college athletes?

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 How American Olympic gymnasts (Simone Biles, Aly Raisman, Gabby Douglas, etc) compete as teens over college-aged, NCAA gymnasts. Are they, as teens, that much better than college athletes?

Strength to weight ratio maxes at about 10yo in girls. Add a few years for advanced training and poise. Strength to weight ratio in girls nosedives toward and after puberty, absent extreme training and/or eating disorders. However, if grace and poise are more prized, as in ballet, maturity becomes a plus.


Question: When people have fluid in their lungs why isnt possible to just use a needle to remove it over and over?

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 When people have fluid in their lungs why isnt possible to just use a needle to remove it over and over?

Find a kitchen sponge. Soak it with water. Now try drying it out with a syringe. If you spent enough hours to succeed, the sponge would fall apart from the huge number of holes you've made. And lungs are much bigger than kitchen sponges and the air cavities are smaller. And there are ribs and things in the way too.


Question: Why do money market accounts generate more interest than a regular savings account?

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 Why do money market accounts generate more interest than a regular savings account?

They do? At my bank, Ally, the interest on a savings account is 2.5 times higher than their money market account. Currently the savings rate is 1.25% and Money Market is 0.5%. Rates have dropped recently due to COVID, but money market rates have always been lower since I joined years ago.


Question: Why are credit cards so popular in the USA ?

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 Why are credit cards so popular in the USA ?

There are some advantages to using them, even if you don't intend to carry a balance. 1.) A debit card is tied to your bank account. If your card has unauthorized usage, those funds are coming directly out of your bank account. Not so with your credit card. 2.) if there is unauthorized usage, you can dispute the charges, and not have to pay them. You can do this with a debit card too, but the process is longer, and in the mean time the money is no longer in your bank account. 3.) If you pay the balance off in full at the end of the month, you pay no interest. 4.) Credit card companies reward you for using their card with various incentives from direct cash back, to " miles" that you can use with various airlines.


Question: Why does salt have the ability to either lower the melting point or raise the boiling point of water?

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 Why does salt have the ability to either lower the melting point or raise the boiling point of water?

So, as water molecules increase in temperature, they want to break away from the surface tension. In some cases a molecule with high kinetic energy (moving quickly) will simply collide with the one of the ions of the salt (in the case of table salt, Na+ or Cl-). This causes it to not break free and raises the boiling point. The salt breaks apart into its separate components and these attract the water molecules into bonds. These bonds require energy to break and thus increase the energy required. As far as freezing goes, the water is disrupted in forming its crystal lattice. The ions (Na and Cl) get in the way and the water molecules are forced to get themselves in the right orientation. This makes them have to move more slowly. TL:DR It causes upsets the molecules normal actions through attracting and repelling them differently


Question: Why are a 100 people shouting not a 100 times louder than 1 person (not only apparent to us but also in decibles)? Is there a way to calculate how many times louder they will be instead?

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 Why are a 100 people shouting not a 100 times louder than 1 person (not only apparent to us but also in decibles)? Is there a way to calculate how many times louder they will be instead?

Decibels are not linear, they’re logarithmic - so you need ten times the energy up the decibels by 10. 100 people is about 100x the energy, which will ~~triple~~ add 20 to the decibels. The scale is built that way because your ears aren’t linear either. You can hear a fly buzzing and the roar of a passing freight train. One is billions of times more energetic than the other, but you don’t experience it as a billion times louder and explode your skull. Edit: early morning mathematics


Question: what are forces (gravity, magnetism) made of?

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 what are forces (gravity, magnetism) made of?

There are four fundamental forces: Gravity, Electromagnetism, the Strong force and the Weak Force. The latter three (EM, S and W) are described using the framework of Quantum Field Theory. QFT is a very complex topic, but essentially (for the purposes of this question) it boils down to describing interactions as involving the exchange of a "gauge boson". An easier term is "force-carrier". Basically, when we have an interaction involving one of these forces, what is actually happening at the quantum level is that one (or, indeed, more) of these force carrying particles is being exchanged between the particles that are interacting. So, for example, an electromagnetic interaction (say, an electron scattering - i.e. "hitting and bouncing off" - another electron) is mediated by the exchange of a photon, which is the force-carrier for the electromagnetic force. In this particular case, the photon carries the momentum which allows the force to be transferred (this momentum transfer from one electron, to the photon, to the other electron, causes the electrons to rebound away from each other). Gravity, however, cannot currently be described using QFT. Instead, it is described by General Relativity. This is the origin of the problem of quantum gravity, that you may have heard of. It makes sense that gravity should be able to be described by QFT, like the other fundamental forces, but this currently eludes physicists. General Relativity describes spacetime as having some "curvature" (think of a rubber sheet stretched over a frame). Mass distorts spacetime, changing its curvature. Gravity is then the effect of this curvature on objects within the spacetime. I hope this helps, and feel free to ask more questions! EDIT: Hopefully this is now more layperson-friendly.


Question: Is there a quick way to divide numbers?

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 Is there a quick way to divide numbers?

That depends on how large of numbers you are looking at and how accurate you want division to be. & #x200B; Here’s a quick way to know when a number can be evenly divided by these certain numbers: * 10 if the number ends in 0 * 9 when the digits are added together and the total is evenly divisible by 9 * 8 if the last three digits are evenly divisible by 8 or are 000 * 6 if it is an even number and when the digits are added together the answer is evenly divisible by 3 * 5 if it ends in a 0 or 5 * 4 if it ends in 00 or a two digit number that is evenly divisible by 4 * 3 when the digits are added together and the result is evenly divisible by the number 3 * 2 if it ends in 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8 You could also use the calculator in your pocket.


Question: Why does the body bring tears to your eyes when choking? What is the practical purpose?

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 Why does the body bring tears to your eyes when choking? What is the practical purpose?

The choking reflex helps us survive, and as such it overdoes it from time-to-time, like our Flight/Fight/Freeze instinct does. First, it triggers coughing and mouth/throat secretions for lubrication. The secretory motor system, as a byproduct, brings tears to your eyes. It's flushing everything it can as fast as it can to get whatever is blocking your airway to dislodge. The coughing thing isn't even a regular cough, it's a super-violent kind of cough that actually sends air up into your tear ducts, which A) hurts like a mother and B) causes more tears. Normally this wouldn't be a big problem, happens all the time. We've got a neat little system in our tear ducts has these plugs (punctum) that stop the air from coming up and lets the tears we normally produce to wet our eyes drain down into our noses. But the sheer violence of the choking reflex shoots up so much pressure that it reverses the whole system, making the tears coming down our noses shoot back up. More tears.


Question: From everything I hear and see in advertisement bamboo is this miracle plant that makes for more sustainable and better quality products, from paper to bed sheets to baby clothes. So why aren’t we using it more?

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 From everything I hear and see in advertisement bamboo is this miracle plant that makes for more sustainable and better quality products, from paper to bed sheets to baby clothes. So why aren’t we using it more?

One thing many advertisers of bamboo products do not say is what their products actually are, they tend to give the impression that they are made from just natural fast growing bamboo. In the case of clothing, they take bamboo fibres and chemically process them to produce a man made fibre called viscose / Rayon. This is quite an intense process. Other products, such as bamboo reusable coffee cups generally are mainly melamine and the bamboo is just packing material.


Question: Respond in 2 sentences. Give a brief overview of Augustus D. Juilliard.

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 Respond in 2 sentences. Give a brief overview of Augustus D. Juilliard.

Augustus D. Juilliard (April 19, 1836 – April 25, 1919) was an American businessman and philanthropist, born at sea as his parents were immigrating to the United States from France. Making a successful career in New York City, he bequeathed much of his estate to the advancement of music in the United States.


Question: Describe Kyaw Ko Ko in your own words.

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 Describe Kyaw Ko Ko in your own words.

Kyaw Ko Ko (; born 20 December 1992) is a Burmese professional footballer who plays as a striker for the Myanmar national team and Sukhothai. He scored five goals in the 2011 Southeast Asian Games and helped the Myanmar U23 team to secure a third-place finish and a bronze medal. He is the star striker of Myanmar National Team. He was ranked #7 in the "World's Best Top Scorers" list by the IFFHS in 2014. Considered one of the best players in the ASEAN, he is known for his dribbling, finishing, skill, pace, and ability to play with both feet.


Question: Describe Saré de Guirgo.

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 Describe Saré de Guirgo.

Saré de Guirgo is a village in the Kombissiri Department of Bazèga Province in central Burkina Faso. The village has a population of 539.


Question: Write a paragraph about a woman considering a switch in birth control methods.

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</answer>
 Write a paragraph about a woman considering a switch in birth control methods.

LOUISVILLE, KY—Saying that she had been using birth control pills since she was a teenager, 30-year-old Claudia Spencer told reporters Friday that she was now thinking about switching to an entirely new set of debilitating side effects. “I’ve been having painful cramps from the pill for more than a decade, so I’m thinking there might be an option out there that gives me excruciating migraines instead,” said Spencer, adding that she planned to consult with her doctor because she had heard that NuvaRing might work well at shrinking her libido and making her vomit. “I could also try an IUD, but I’m not sure it’d be worth it if I have to give up the depression I’m already experiencing from the pill just for the risk of a uterine perforation. In the end, I guess it’s just important that I go with the unbearable side effects that are right for me.” Spencer went on to say that while she liked her current anti-anxiety medication, she hoped adjusting her dosage might help completely destroy her ability to sleep.


Question: What is the Save Happy Valley Coalition?

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 What is the Save Happy Valley Coalition?

The Save Happy Valley Coalition (SHVC) is an environmental activist movement formed with the express purpose of preventing the Cypress mine, an open cast coal mine on the West Coast of New Zealand, from proceeding.


Question: Describe The North American Bitcoin Conference (TNABC) 2018. Respond in 29 sentences.

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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Describe The North American Bitcoin Conference (TNABC) 2018. Respond in 29 sentences.

The North American Bitcoin Conference (TNABC) is coming back to the sunshine state after cryptocurrencies and blockchain assets had a phenomenal year in 2017.
During last year’s TNABC event in Miami, everyone was in high spirits as the price of bitcoin climbed to $900 per BTC. Since then the currency has gained over 1,300 percent in value, reaching a high of close to $20,000 per coin. Further, the initial coin offering (ICO) movement has brought the blockchain extravaganza to a whole new level as participants have found a vehicle to fund distributed ledger projects. It’s safe to say a lot has changed since TNABC 2017, and the upcoming event held at the spacious James L Knight Center on January 18-19 is sure to be a thrilling experience. Moreover, on January 17 there will be a kick-off party at the world-famous South Beach hotel, The Clevelander, and on January 18th there will be a massive networking event at E11even nightclub, also in Miami.
The North American Bitcoin Conference 2018 will be the perfect environment for both newcomers and veterans within the digital currency space. This year’s TNABC will have a wide variety of well-known speakers from blockchain movers and shakers, venture capitalists, developers, and more. Keynote speakers this year include Halsey Minor, the founder of CNET, Blockchain Capital’s Brock Pierce, Craig Sellars, Jack Wu, CEO of Wanchain, Diego Gutierrez Zaldivar, CEO of RSK Labs, Dreamteam’s Alexander Kokhanovskyy, and much more.
With the cryptocurrency space moving at warp speed, Keynote CEO, Moe Levin, is super excited for this year’s TNABC.
This is unprecedented demand and we couldn’t be more excited to be producing this event. We’ve got over 2000 registered attendees, and over 100 exhibitors — This is absolutely the most direction-setting event in the industry.
In addition to the lineup of speakers, there will be many exhibits throughout the halls of the James L Knight Center at TNABC 2018. There will be lots of education happening, as well as individuals who are fully emerged in the blockchain space who will share their insight. Visitors will learn how the blockchain will rapidly progress businesses on the global level. People will learn about the “Tokenization of Things” and how cryptocurrencies, and ICOs, are revolutionizing pre-existing funding models. Furthermore, there will be many discussions about the biggest blockchain project at the moment, Bitcoin with conversations revolving around its price, scaling, and the infrastructure being built around its network.
TNABC tickets are selling like hot-cakes with only limited seats available.
TNABC will be sure to excite anyone looking to learn about blockchains and cryptocurrency solutions. And those individuals who already have a good understanding of blockchain technology can come and gain more insight into this ever-growing universe. Due to the cryptocurrency industry growing exponentially, this year’s TNABC will have a lot more discussions and exhibits. So come join us at one of the biggest blockchain events of the year in beautiful downtown Miami — Get your early bird tickets today before last-minute pricing begins.
All sponsorships for TNABC 2018 have sold-out and there are over 2,000 registered attendees tickets are now limited.
Will you be attending The North American Bitcoin Conference this year? Let us know in the comments below.
Disclaimer: news.Bitcoin.com is a sponsor of the TNABC event and media partner.
Images via TNABC, Bitcoin.com, and the Clevelander.
Over the last year, Bitcoin.com has released a robust Bitcoin Cash (BCH) developer platform loaded with programming tools like Bitbox… read more.
In the summer of 2017, Bitcoin.com launched its open source light client and since then more than 3.8 million wallets… read more.


Question: Describe the species Gastrodia molloyi. Respond in 4 sentences.

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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 Describe the species Gastrodia molloyi. Respond in 4 sentences.

Gastrodia molloyi is a species of plant in the family Orchidaceae. It is endemic to New Zealand. It was first formally described in 2016 by Carlos Adolfo Lehnebach and Jeremy Rolfe and the description was published in the journal "Phytotaxa". The specific epithet ("molloyi") honours the New Zealand botanist, Brian Molloy.


Question: Have you ever heard of an outrageous charge from Amazon?

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 Have you ever heard of an outrageous charge from Amazon?

Lots of folks do their shopping on the internet these days, especially on Amazon. Not only because it's convenient, but you can find some great bargains. But wait until you hear how much a woman in Gallatin, Tennessee was charged for some paper plates.
It was certainly no deal.
Lorie Galloway said she does a lot of shopping on Amazon.
She's a Prime member and told Scripps station WTVF in Nashville, "I don't order anything unless it's free shipping."
Just before Christmas, Galloway bought some plates.
Then her husband, Bob Galloway, got the bill.
"He sent me a text," Lorie Galloway recalled. "'What did you order at Amazon?' And, I'm like, 'What?' He said, 'Our bill is a thousand and something dollars.'"
Now these plates she bought were not the kind you keep in a china cabinet. These were heavy duty paper plates. A hundred of them. Lorie Galloway said she thought she was getting for $24 with free shipping. It turns out, the plates were $24.
"But there was a $1,080 shipping charge," Bob Galloway explained.
It cost more than $1,000 to ship a package of paper plates.
"I mean that's just crazy for paper plates," Lorie Galloway said.
And, her husband added, "I really thought it was some clerical error."
The Galloways repeatedly tried contacting the seller and got no response.
So they called Amazon about the charge.
"The reaction from the customer service representative at Amazon was, 'Wow, that's ridiculous,'" Bob Galloway said.
So were these plates coming from somewhere half way around the world? No, according to the paperwork, they were shipped by UPS from Atlanta.
Amazon eventually agreed to open an investigation and the company told Lorie Galloway they'd determined she was "not overcharged for the transaction."
Lorie Galloway said she believed she was overcharged.
According to Amazon, the seller said they'd "sent the plates with expedited service," that Lorie Galloway had selected that option when she placed her order and had agreed to the $1,000+ shipping fee, something Galloway insists isn't true.
"If it would have said a thousand and something dollars, I would have noticed that," she said.
If you try finding the seller now who sold Lorie Galloway those plates, you won't. An Amazon rep told the couple the seller had been dismissed after doing similar things to other customers. But Amazon refused to confirm that for us.
And Amazon was asked why it didn't have technology to flag and even prevent outrageous charges like this, the company refused to directly answer the question and instead sent a statement saying, "Amazon is constantly innovating and improving our customer experience. If customers have concerns or feedback, we encourage them to contact our Customer Service."
But that's what the Galloways did and Amazon told them there was nothing they could do.
Lorie Galloway said she is now reconsidering where she shops.
"If they [Amazon] are not going to take care of their customers, why should I order from them again?" she said.
The Galloways spent the last couple of months disputing the shipping charge with their credit card company. Finally, just the other day, they got word that the shipping would be refunded.


Question: Describe how recent decisions from the Canadian Radio-television Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) have impacted access to high-quality internet services in Canada.

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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Describe how recent decisions from the Canadian Radio-television Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) have impacted access to high-quality internet services in Canada.

Major broadband upgrades don't come around for communities very often, so it's essential that our standards are future-proofed to make sure these investments last.
Canadians pay some of the highest internet prices in the world for middle-of-the-road service. We talk about this endlessly. The question is: who's going to be the one to step in and do something about it?
There's no clear answer yet, but it's pretty safe to say it won't be the Canadian Radio-television Telecommunications Commission (CRTC), which recently revealed the details of a new fund for broadband expansion that is limited in scope, and will do little to help Canadians.
In 2016, the Commission deemed broadband internet access a basic service and set aside $750 million for infrastructure investment to provide service where market forces have failed, particularly in rural areas and the north. The "Broadband Fund," in other words, was designed to address the digital divide by incentivizing projects in poorly served areas.
It all sounded good. But at the end of September, the CRTC finally announced the details of what that funding will look like, and the plan fell way short of what was promised.
Two years ago, the CRTC set speed targets of 50 megabits per second (Mbps) download and 10 Mbps upload. But now, the Commission says it will only require half of that: 25 down and 5 up. The difference between these two speeds is more than how quickly a user can download a document or the quality of a video stream a video; it's the difference between having an internet connection that can allow six, 12, or more devices able to operate online at the same time in a multi-person or multi-family home.
The data shows that as each household adds additional internet-connected devices, inhabitants are more likely to report slow connection issues, such as buffering or loading errors. This issue is amplified in lower-income and some Indigenous communities, where access to high-bandwidth connections is limited or cost-prohibitive, and multiple families may share a single dwelling. Without a high-bandwidth connection, the ability to be connected continues to be more luxury than basic service.
The CRTC says it lowered the requirements to encourage applicants for projects in remote areas. But this is a tough pill to swallow since there is little in the decision that actually guarantees approved slower projects will eventually be upgraded to meet the real 50/10 targets. Although "scalability" is one criteria for assessing projects, the CRTC has not outlined what, if any, follow-up will take place to ensure these upgrades actually happen, or when. Major broadband upgrades don't come around for communities very often, so it's essential that our standards are future-proofed to make sure these investments last.
Furthermore, the decision is vague about another key factor in high-quality internet access: latency. Where bandwidth (for example 50 Mbps) measures how much data can move at once, latency measures how fast that data can get across the network and back, and it is key to real-time services like video conferencing. Without clear latency requirements for Broadband Fund eligibility, it is much less likely to achieve its goal of high-quality broadband across the country. The end result encourages a "trust us" approach from network operators who aren't exactly famous for over-delivering on their services.
All of this raises the question: why would any service provider hold themselves to the CRTC's basic services objectives, when even the regulator itself won't? By lowering the standards for its own funding, the CRTC effectively lowered it for everyone else and further entrenched our country's digital divide.
Let me be clear: investment in faster internet for rural areas is critical for everyone in Canada. Our whole economy loses out when so many people are left in the slow lane, or without internet altogether. Imagine getting a job, going back to school, staying in touch with friends and family, or trying to access crucial government services without a high-quality internet connection.
Until we saw the final decision, this funding was our best chance in decades to bring all Canadians up to speed. Sadly, it fell drastically short of expectations.
And this isn't just about wired internet into the home – the CRTC's lack of ambition for ensuring high quality affordable communications extends to our cell phone market as well. Four times now – in 2015, 2016, 2017, and most recently in March of 2018 – the CRTC has said no to allowing innovative new cell phone providers called Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNOs) to set up shop in Canada. MVNOs are cell phone providers that pay a fair price for access to rent unused capacity on incumbents' existing cell phone network, instead of starting from scratch and building yet another redundant and massively expensive national network.
MVNOs offer competitive prices for cell phone service and a variety of plans, and are common in the U.S. and Europe. But because the CRTC apparently still hasn't recognized the need to set fair rates for these providers, incumbents are currently holding MVNOs out of the market with outrageous rates that make it impossible for these companies to just break even.
After four separate rejections of calls to support these providers – clearly recognizing a desperate need from the public and smaller telecom companies wanting to sell affordable wireless services – the Commission's only response has been to look into whether it should legally require Big Telecom to provide a low-cost data-only plan; a Band-Aid solution that will do little address the fundamental problems of a lack of competition in the market. Without more choice, most internet users will continue to pay more money for less data than our global counterparts.
The CRTC clearly isn't going change course. But the federal government can push back. Innovation Minister Navdeep Bains has sent CRTC decisions back for review in the past, including the 2017 MVNO decision. In the interest of bridging the digital divide, he should consider doing so again here.
Laura Tribe is the executive director at OpenMedia, a community-based organization working to keep the internet open, affordable and surveillance-free.
Download this: $40 million pledged to expand rural internet, improve service across N.L.


Question: Provide a description of Lenna Arnold.

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 Provide a description of Lenna Arnold.

Lenna Arnold (October 29, 1920 – January 22, 2010) was a pitcher who played in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League. Listed at 5' 7", 135 lb., she batted and threw right handed.


Question: Describe the 1986 Asia Cup tournament. Respond in 3 sentences.

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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Describe the 1986 Asia Cup tournament. Respond in 3 sentences.

The 1986 Asia Cup (also known as the John Player Gold Leaf Trophy), was the second Asia Cup tournament, and was held in Sri Lanka between March 30 and April 6. Three teams took part in the tournament: Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Asian leading associate member Bangladesh. India pulled out of the tournament due to strained cricketing relations with Pakistan and was replaced by Asian leading associate nation Bangladesh, which had qualified by winning the 1984 South-East Asia Cup.


Question: What is a Tunbao? Respond in 4 sentences.

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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</answer>
 What is a Tunbao? Respond in 4 sentences.

The Tunbao (or Tunpu) (Simplified Chinese: 屯堡) are an ethnic subgroup of the Han Chinese, located in Guizhou and Yunnan provinces, China. The Tunbao are descended from ethnic Han Chinese who were part of an army sent on an expedition to Guizhou during the Hongwu reign of the Ming Dynasty. Long thought to have been a non-Han ethnic minority, their Han origins were proved by Japanese anthropologist Torii Ryuzo in 1896. The Tunbao have preserved much of their culture, costumes, and language from the Ming era.


Question: What is going on in the City Council race for Ward 9 in Minneapolis?

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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 What is going on in the City Council race for Ward 9 in Minneapolis?

He's running for his old south Mpls. seat, now held by Alondra Cano; Mohamed Farah is also in the race.
Gary Schiff said Sunday he will run for a return to the City Council, throwing his name into a closely watched race in south Minneapolis.
Schiff, 44, will face incumbent Alondra Cano, who has mulled a run for U.S. Rep. Keith Ellison’s seat if he wins election as chairman of the Democratic National Committee. Mohamed Farah, the executive director of the Somali nonprofit Ka Joog, is also running for the seat.
The heart of the Ninth Ward is E. Lake Street from Chicago Avenue to Hiawatha Avenue, where immigrant-owned businesses want police to crack down on drug-dealing and prostitution, many are opposed to a higher minimum wage, and some are fearful that President Donald Trump’s crackdown on illegal immigrants will hurt their employees and customers.
“We need leadership that can translate protests into action and can meet the needs of so many who will be just fighting for tomorrow in the Trump administration,” Schiff said.
City Hall has been deaf to small business concerns in the ward, Schiff said, and he will focus his energy on solving street-level lawlessness, helping small businesses, steering dollars toward affordable housing and protecting the city’s immigrants.
Cano won the seat when Schiff, a three-term council member who lives in the Corcoran neighborhood, ran for mayor in 2013. She has been a lightning rod — quick to take on big business and stand up for the poor, popular among activists and artists in her home neighborhood of Powderhorn, but failing to inspire enthusiasm among businesses on Lake Street.
Minneapolis City Council Member Alondra Cano, here in 2014, is the incumbent in Ward 9.
Farah is a well-connected nonprofit director and will have the backing of Council Member Abdi Warsame, who created a new Somali voting bloc in the Sixth Ward and says Farah can do the same in the Ninth.
Schiff originally authored the 2003 ordinance that separates the work of local police from that of federal immigration enforcement. He cited his record of getting things done — funding for mentors for women released from treatment centers, pushing for body cameras for police and helping to establish the city’s affordable housing trust fund — as contrasts between himself and Cano.
Cano, who has organized a series of events in response to the new Trump administration, said Sunday that she has proven she has "the courage to lead and win against the most repressive measures that might come our way." That's what the city needs most, she said, since cities will be the front line of protection for the nation's most vulnerable families.
"Gary served our city well for twelve years, then he decided to step down to do bigger things," Cano said. "Our ward can’t afford to go backwards in time."
Schiff had only kind words for Farah, saying he’s a “fan of his work” at Ka Joog.
The election is in November, but DFL precinct caucuses to choose delegates who will decide the party endorsement are April 4.