Question: Why does 3G suck now?

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 Why does 3G suck now?

3G used to be the flagship signal, it had all the bandwidth dedicated to it and late 3G signal could hit early 4G speeds. These days its the fallback signal. If you're getting 3G it means that the tower is either too congested to serve everyone 4G and had to demote some people, or your signal is too weak to support 4G so it dropped you to 3G to give you a better Signal to Noise Ratio In either case, it means something is going wrong and you're not going to get the 10+ Mbps 3G of old and will instead be getting the 1 Mbps 3G of really old because this frees up capacity on the tower and is less sensitive to noise TLDR - Modern 3G sucks because you only get put on 3G when conditions suck


Question: why would printing more bills cause the value to go down? Why wouldn't prices stay the same?

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 why would printing more bills cause the value to go down? Why wouldn't prices stay the same?

At the highest levels of the economy and over time, everything is essentially an auction. You may not be able to negotiate the price of a McChicken, but McDonalds got that chicken by out-bidding Chick-fil-a for an order of 100,000 chickens. Since printing money doesn't print more chickens, if you handed McDonalds and Chick-fil-a a bunch of money, they'd end up bidding higher for the chickens that do exist. So the price of chickens goes up. A contractor working to put food on the table for their children would then need to raise their rates to continue to be able to afford chicken, and so on until everyone has either gotten a raise, or now can't afford as much stuff with their same income.


Question: what physically dictates our vocal range when singing?

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 what physically dictates our vocal range when singing?

The length of your vocal cords and diaphragm muscle. Have you ever tried blowing up a balloon and stretched the hole out to [make it squeak]( URL_0 )? Our vocal cords work in a similar way. As far as I understand, the sounds we can make depend on how much air we squeeze out through our cords, and how "tight" we flex them. And someone with shorter vocal cords will have a different range from someone with longer ones, and so on. There's probably a lot of other factors in there as well. Disclaimer: Not an expert, supplementary research may be required.


Question: Why do we feel sick and vomit, if we don't eat for a good period of time?

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 Why do we feel sick and vomit, if we don't eat for a good period of time?

Holy balls some wrong info here.. Low blood sugar (from not eating carbs for a while) is normal and associated with a slow, hangry feeling because your body wants you to get the blood sugar back up, the hormonal response is akin to smokers who havnt smoked in a while. At some point you go into ketosis.. and contrary to belief i guess, that is what happens when you instead switch to metabolising your fat reserves. Its completley normal. Humans store fat, and then burn it in this method. It is NOT NORMAL to vomit and feel incredibly nauseous when undergoing hypoglacemia, which is the term for the low blood sugar state previously explained. Normally if you are getting incredibly sick from low blood sugar its a sign you have some insulin resitance or are now diabetic. When this happens instead of your body burning the fat reservers through fatty acid metabolism (people call it ketosis, i can explain it more in depth if you need), if you are incredibly insulin resistant or full blown diabetic, you just make to much of the byproduct of ketosis, and it acidifies your blood, called ketoacidosis. Morning sickness does not at all factor into this equation either. Thats an entirely different principle going on. If you are having this happen when you dont eat regularly (as in supplying carbs to your blood stream) you need to see a doctor. Quick.


Question: Why are air and water transparent?

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 Why are air and water transparent?

The air is not completely transparent, it's the vision that has formed to see [wavelengths it is transparent at]( URL_0 ). Also, since air contains water vapor and oceans contain dissolved atmospheric gasses and only get lit by the light that has already passed through the atmosphere (bioluminescense doesn't count), their transparencies correlate strongly and the creatures who developed vision before walking out of the sea were able to see through the air as well, not just the water.


Question: Why is there personal property tax in some states when the money you bought property with was already taxed?

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 Why is there personal property tax in some states when the money you bought property with was already taxed?

Property taxes are generally collected by the city or the county, not the state. It allows them to pay for the infrastructure they provide. The state law doesn't allow the cities to charge an income tax, so their only options are sales tax, or property tax. Lots of money gets double taxed. You earn income and pay income tax. You spend some money and pay sales tax. Or you invest some money and make a gain and then pay capital gains tax.


Question: Why are solar systems flat?

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 Why are solar systems flat?

They are flat because of the conservation of angular momentum. Have you ever spun out a pizza dough? As you spin it, the dough pulls itself away in the same plan that it is spinning. Something similar is happening at a celestial level. What is the solar system now would have started as some blob of stuff in space. That blob would have had *some* initial amount of spin. No matter what happens, unless an outside force interacts with it, that spin can never be stopped. Eventually, all that stuff starts to collapse. However, because it is spinning, it only collapses *towards* the spin. The spin itself keeps it spread out in that plane, even as gravity is trying to pull it inwards.


Question: What is the actual purpose of the decibel scale? What does "one decibel" actually mean in practice?

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 What is the actual purpose of the decibel scale? What does "one decibel" actually mean in practice?

So, a decibel is not so much a measurement of sound itself but the sound intensity,power per unit area, in relation to some standard of Io (standard threshold of hearing is 1000 Hz if I remember correctly), or "loudness" And the reason they're called decibels is because the logarithms used are base 10. Also they're based on powers of 10 because of the extensive range of human hearing. 1 decibel is equal to the JND or just noticeable difference which is the least detectable change in sound intensity. As for how far can one decibel of sound travel...it depends on the medium it's traveling through. For example, in more dense environments or conditions, sound travels faster. So sound actual travels about four times faster in water than air because the particles are much closer together in water so they can more quickly transfer the vibration energy from one particle to the next as opposed to a gas like "air" so given the greater velocity, it'd travel farther in water than air.


Question: Why are desalination plants so energy intensive or nonviable on a large scale?

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 Why are desalination plants so energy intensive or nonviable on a large scale?

This is only an amateur answer but desalination requires reverse osmosis which pumps water at very high pressure through membranes. This takes a lot of energy and is very slow. There is also distillation which is boiling water then collecting the vapor. Same two problems, slow and energy intensive. Both of these are done a lot on small scales. But to do it on the scale that farming and residences use water would require a ton of infrastructure and energy.


Question: Why exactly are bitcoins solving problems when mining?

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 Why exactly are bitcoins solving problems when mining?

There are two uses...one is to secure the blockchain, the "ledger" of all bitcoin transactions that ensures that you can't duplicate them. The solution of the bitcoin mining problem is basically a "key" that takes a lot of work to find that semi-uniquely identifies a block of transactions and connects it to the prior block (and, through chaining, \*all\* prior blocks). "Semi-uniquely" because there may be other solutions that also secure the block, whoever finds one of them first gets it and, once the next block is added to the chain, that's the only solution that will work. To corrupt the ledger would require recomputing \*all\* the solutions to all the blocks "downstream" of where you want to alter it...that's computationally infeasible, which is why the blockchain is considered secure. As long as the majority of the computers mining aren't corrupt you also can't corrupt the current block because they'll vote out corrupt transactions. The other use is to distribute bitcoins...the only way to create/earn new bitcoins from scratch is to solve the problem. This incentivizes people to mine...so yes, bitcoins are earned from maintaining the bitcoin currency.


Question: Why does reading (or looking down at a phone screen) make you feel sick when you’re in passenger in a car, but not on other forms on transport?

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 Why does reading (or looking down at a phone screen) make you feel sick when you’re in passenger in a car, but not on other forms on transport?

Motion sickness is caused by a discrepancy between the signals being received by the brain from the eyes and the inner ear. When focusing on something inside of the vehicle your brain is receiving information that says you are not moving from your eyes while your inner ear is still picking up the movement of the car so one sense is saying you're stationary and one is saying you're moving and this causes the nasue. I'm not sure why nasue is the bodies response but it is. You may feel less motion sickness in planes or trains because the ride is probably smother and more consistent than a car so your inner ear isn't sending signals to your brain that you're moving that conflicts with the visual signals that you're not


Question: Imagine how much money and resource is spend shipping water around the world just part of everyday products. Why can we buy products then add the water at home?

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 Imagine how much money and resource is spend shipping water around the world just part of everyday products. Why can we buy products then add the water at home?

Many things containing water cannot be isolated from the water and have their desired properties simply by reconstitution. These could be complex solutions involving chemicals "dissolved" in oil plus chemicals "dissolved" in alcohol and the parts dissolved in water. Food products, for example, are a complex mixture of the above. Another method would be concentration and dilution. But this is also very problematic because many things are simply too dangerous when concentrated. A dilute acid cleaning product cannot simply be concentrated and sold, for example. Highly concentrated acid is too dangerous to handle. In general, technology and businesses are not silly. They recognize the issues involved and would definitely want to save costs. Examples are that most sodas are bottled locally - the local manufacturers buy a syrup, dilute and pack it locally to reduce costs. If you want to know more, you have to be more specific. What particular "water" products are you thinking of?


Question: how come a helium filled balloon deflates so much faster than an air filled balloon?

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 how come a helium filled balloon deflates so much faster than an air filled balloon?

Helium is smaller in size than either nitrogen or oxygen. In addition, Helium isn't paired with itself - it exists as an atom of helium. Oxygen, Nitrogen, and other gases that aren't from the "noble family" on the periodic table actually bind in pairs, so when we say "oxygen" we actually mean O2 or N2 for nitrogen, making a little under twice the size of individual oxygen or nitrogen atoms. In other words, oxygen or nitrogen gas is actually a *molecule* of N2 or O2. So the smaller size of the He allows the atom to slip through the molecules of rubber that make up the balloon much quicker than either of the other two gases.


Question: How do wireless chargers work? Like honestly how do they charge phones and whatnot

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 How do wireless chargers work? Like honestly how do they charge phones and whatnot

iductivity. when current goes through a circle, it creates magnetic field. when magnetic field changes, it makes current in metal circles. so, you have a pad with a circle, through wich current goes & changes regularly. it changes the magnetic field, which affects current in a circle that is inside your phone. this current charges the battery


Question: Why do people feel random pains in their body’s at random points in time? Someone mentions a scientific perspective but I need facts

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 Why do people feel random pains in their body’s at random points in time? Someone mentions a scientific perspective but I need facts

Your system shares neural pathways. Think of your nervous system like a multi lane highway. Some lanes for pain some for emotion. When you are very stressed you have a lot of traffic on the emotional lanes, some of it will change lanes into the pain lanes and register as pain. This can be a quick stabbing pain in random locations or ongoing chronic signals of pain coming from unresolved protracted internal or external stressors.


Question: What is the convention for naming new drugs?

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 What is the convention for naming new drugs?

The brand name is whatever the marketing department of the company comes up with. The generic names have some general guidelines to follow (like certain types of antiviral drugs ending in -vir, monoclonal antibodies end in -mab). Generally, the rest of the generic name is some sort of reference to a certain part of the structure of the drug or a certain enzyme that the drug targets.


Question: when using machine learning to teach a computer to finish a game, how does it determine intermediate goals?

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 when using machine learning to teach a computer to finish a game, how does it determine intermediate goals?

This is one of the difficulties of making a machine learning algorithm. In the case of, say, Mario, you might set the goal as "go far to the right". The farther right it goes, the better it thinks it did. Or maybe there are keys in a level - you tell it to get closer to each key in order.


Question: How does a music box work? (My 5 year old just asked me, and I realized I actually have no idea)

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 How does a music box work? (My 5 year old just asked me, and I realized I actually have no idea)

Inside the box there is a comb of tiny tuning forks. When plucked, each fork makes a single note. There is a drum and there are many spikes on the drum. When the drum turns, usually by a clockwork mechanism you wind, the spikes pluck the forks. The spikes are arranged in the order of the tune, and so they pluck the fork that makes the right note to play the tune.


Question: What is the difference between a personality disorder and a mood disorder?

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 What is the difference between a personality disorder and a mood disorder?

Well, our perceptions and definitions of mental illness definitely change and morph over time as we learn new things, so a lot of this stuff isn't exact, but in general: The official understanding of mood disorders is what it says: A disorder of moods. It's generally about "abnormal" emotional reactions, like having major, life-altering mood swings, going back and forth between horrid, soul-crushing depressive episodes and ecstatic, manic highs. Or in situations where something negative happens, and a "normal" person might feel bummed for a while, or get a little stressed and then it's over, whereas a person with a mood disorder might just come completely unglued and fall into a suicidal depression, or get overcome with mindless rage. A personality disorder is more all-encompassing, it's the person's entire personality, and how it deviates from what we consider "normal". This covers a whole range of things, like how they see, value, and treat other people, how they form relationships with others, how they perceive themselves. People with personality disorders are often seen as difficult, confusing, extreme, etc, because their behaviors are so different from what we consider normal and appropriate. Symptoms of personality disorders can include things like being generally paranoid and seeing other people's behaviors as some sort of deliberate secret plot. Sometimes the person's life is ruled by fears that the rest of us would consider weird, like being obsessively fearful of germs, contamination, diseases. While some personality disorders can cause mood swings (like in mood disorders), this is only one of many symptoms that a person with PD has, whereas the mood disorders are generally about mood and emotional responses only. Current thinking is that mood disorders have a biological origin, like there's something going wrong with the brain chemistry, whereas personality disorders are thought to be a response to severe trauma in childhood. But again, we're learning new things all the time, and this is an inexact science, so we may well find out that there are completely different causes at some point in the future, or that the causes are far more varied and complex than we thought.


Question: How come we don't bleed out during surgery?

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 How come we don't bleed out during surgery?

Blood doesn’t wander wherever it wants the body, it’s largely confined to the circulatory system. In an ideal world, you just don’t cut any of the blood tubes. Surgical cutting instruments are *extremely* sharp, which lets them cut through tissue very cleanly without tearing open more capillaries than is absolutely necessary. Surgeons will avoid cutting through larger veins and arteries whenever possible, and can burn or clamp them closed if safe/necessary to do so. Sometimes this isn’t possible, and the patient will require blood transfusion(s) during the operation because a major blood line had to be opened.


Question: When you’re throwing up, why do you continue to dry heave once everything from your stomach is expelled?

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 When you’re throwing up, why do you continue to dry heave once everything from your stomach is expelled?

You throw up because your brain thinks you're suffering from poisoning, and that's the only solution it has. It doesn't actually care about if your stomach actually has anything in it. Until the perceived "poisoning" goes away, it continues the "corrective action". Coincidentally, this is why people get motion sickness: when the visual data your eyes give you conflicts with the motion data from your inner ear, the brain short circuits and assumes that you have been poisioned - why else would the ground be moving like that! - and so begins the "purge everything" protocol.


Question: How do 3D printers work?

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 How do 3D printers work?

They work in a variety of ways, but the most common two types are FDM and SLA. FDM aid basically a computer controlled glue stick. It squeezes a long thin bead of semi molten plastic from a nozzle, which cools and hardens after it has left the nozzle. The part is split into layers, and the glue stick draws the outline of the layer, and then colours in the middle. It the moves up one layer and does it again until all the layers have been drawn. SLA uses a bath of liquid, which turns solid if you shine a bright light at it. So it uses a laser to draw on the liquid turning it solid layer by layer, much like the FDM a process drawing the outline and then colouring in the middle. The liquid is in a transparent tray and the laser shines up from below. There is a platform in the liquid which leaves a thin gap one layer in height to which the solidified liquid sticks. Once each layer is complete this platform moves up by one layer, leaving a thin layer of liquid under the solidified part, stuck to the platform and it all starts again.


Question: - what's the difference between the modes on a calculator?

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 - what's the difference between the modes on a calculator?

Do you mean deg, rad and grad? It's different units of angle measurements. You have to tell the calculator if the '30' you are inputting is 30 degrees, radians or gradians. Otherwise you might misinterpret the output of your trigonometric functions. Depending on the application and field one type might be prefered. Degree (historically most used, has many integer divisors): 1 circle = 360 deg Radian (beneficial to use from a math perspective): 1 circle = 2 pi rad Gradian (attempts at a metric angle measurement): 1 circle = 400 gon (gradian) Also see: URL_0


Question: Are you taking in fresh oxygen when you breathe in near a tree?

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 Are you taking in fresh oxygen when you breathe in near a tree?

You are taking in oxygen wherever you breathe. There is no such thing as 'fresh oxygen'. Oxygen we breathe is simply a molecule that is produced via many natural occurrences. The tree will produce oxygen as a result of photosynthesis, but it's a very small amount compared with what aready exists in the air you're breathing.


Question: Why does Space-Time curve and more importantly, why and how does Space and Time come together to form a "fabric"?

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 Why does Space-Time curve and more importantly, why and how does Space and Time come together to form a "fabric"?

[We don't know.]( URL_1 ) It just… seems to do that when heavy things are around. Maybe, when you grow up, you can figure it out. That's not a satisfying answer? Ok, then. Erm… well, technically Space-Time isn't a real thing. [It's just something Einstein made up.]( URL_2 ) A story, if you will. We tell ourselves stories about how the universe works, like "a person lets go of an apple, and it falls to the ground", and then we look at the universe and, if we see those stories in the universe, we remember them for later. This is a story with a lot of maths in it, which makes some people think it's real, but it's actually just a story. We've already noticed places where the story doesn't tell us what actually happens, and we're trying to find a better story. This story's good enough for most of the things we need it for, though, so we're keeping it in the meantime. We used to have a story written by Isaac Newton, that told us that things just fell down, but we got rid of the story when we noticed that the story said that the planets move in a certain way, but they were actually moving in a different way. It's really interesting, actually. You know that the planet is a big ball, right? Well, when things fall "down", they're falling towards Earth. So if you're in [country on the "bottom" of the globe] and you throw an apple into the air, it'll still fall down to Earth, even though "down" is _that_ way instead of _that_ way. So, Newton's story goes that if you put a cannon on top of a mountain and fire it sideways, the cannonball would cuuurve and hit the ground. Like this. But if you fire it further, it'll curve around like this… and hit the ground, but it's sort of curved around the Earth because "down" is always towards Earth, no matter where you are. But if you fire it hard enough… it's just going round and round! Because it's going so fast that it's rushing past and, even though it's being pulled towards Earth, it's still curving. In fact, if you fire it fast enough, like this, it'll shoot off into space and _never_ fall down again! And Newton's story is accurate enough for almost everything you'll ever need. But it's not quite right. It says that things move sliiightly differently to the way they actually move. So Einstein came up with a slightly better theory – one that's a lot more complicated, though still quite simple if you're really good at maths – (I'm not good enough at maths to understand it) – and Einstein's theory predicted that, among other things, light was bent around the sun. We knew that light was bent around the sun before that, because we saw it, but because it had a lot of maths Einstein's theory predicted _exactly how much_ the light was bent around the sun. (Actually his first theory was wrong about this, but he made a second theory that was better, and predicted it right.) Now, the only light that we can see that could've been bent around the sun was light from stars, which would make the stars look like they'd moved _very_ slightly when they were near the sun, but you'll probably have spotted the problem with trying to spot stars moving near the sun. Yes, you can't see the stars in daytime. So they had to wait until a solar eclipse, and Eddington and his friends got a telescope with a special filter to stop them from going blind and took photographs of the stars near the sun, and found that the prediction made by Einstein's second theory was right and Newton's theory's prediction was wrong. We've got two main stories about the universe at the moment. One of them is Einstein's theory, called "General Relativity", which is the one about gravity, and the other one is called the "Standard Model", and talks about really tiny things. These two stories predict different things, and we've measured that the Standard Model is wrong about gravity, and that General Relativity predicts contradictory things to the Standard Model. But that doesn't make these stories useless. In fact, Newtonian Physics is still useful, and it's what you'll get taught in school until you're an adult, and most adults don't even use General Relativity when they're working things out. You do need General Relativity if you need to be really exact, or need to deal with clocks moving at different speeds to you, because Relativity says that time passes at different speeds depending on how fast you're travelling. (Yes, it seems confusing, but that's because your brain is designed for Newtonian Physics with time that passes at the same speed everywhere, and that's just a story.) For example, [the GPS satellites that orbit Earth]( URL_0 ) (like Newton's cannonball) have clocks on them, and those clocks need to have the right time on them, so they need to use relativity to make their clock go at a different speed so it still matches up with the clocks on Earth. General Relativity is an incredibly useful story. But it's just a story. We don't really understand the universe; we're not even close. Not yet.


Question: Why is having a trade deficit or a fiscal deficit bad?

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 Why is having a trade deficit or a fiscal deficit bad?

It isn't. [Here is a poll of ivy league level economics professors on the subject]( URL_2 ) This is one of the most egregious areas of ignorance of the President, your average sophmore economics student knows this. The trade balance is the result of capital flows (the difference between savings and investment in an economy). A trade deficit, for instance, can be caused by a large influx of foreign investment, which is a good thing because investment increases economic growth and long run income for an economy. It can also be bad too though. For instance, your savings rate can drop and this has a similar effect (lower investment and growth) So as you can see, it is not the deficit itself which is good or bad but the factors behind it which make it good or bad. These things both lead to fluctuations in the real exchange rate which is the mechanism with which it leads to an effect in the trade balance. In recessions it can be beneficial to have a weak dollar because it boosts aggregate demand and the trade balance. However, we are certainly not in one now. This also has the effect of decreasing purchasing power of consumers. A strong dollar does the opposite. The interesting thing is tariffs and quotas, which Trump is supporting, do not alter the trade deficit at all in the long run! The reason why they don't is they don't alter capital flows. [You can read this piece by an economist who won his nobel prize in economics for his work in international economics]( URL_1 ). All they do is hurt the economy of both nations. A VERY good parable by an economist gives an excellent way of thinking about international trade: [The Iowa Car Crop]( URL_0 ). For simplicity, that parable only talks about the flow of goods but it's point remains the same once you include capital flows. So why do we have a trade deficit? 1. We have a lot of foreign investment (good) 2. Low savings (bad) 3. Status as the world's reserve currency (neither good or bad really strictly speaking from an economics point of view, similar to the trade deficit) So when you hear "we should do something about the trade deficit" you should be OK with it as long as the proposed solution is something like incentivizing savings. If it's something thats going to hit investment or the free flow of goods and capital in of itself, say no.


Question: How do processed foods that use "real fruit" keep their products tasting consistent when not all ripe real fruit have the exact same taste, some being more tart than sweet?

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 How do processed foods that use "real fruit" keep their products tasting consistent when not all ripe real fruit have the exact same taste, some being more tart than sweet?

1. Be extra picky with your quality control. A batch that might be perfectly fine on their own to sell might not meet a manufacturer's standards. 2. Blend the fruit together. A million strawberries in a single blended paste will taste like the most average strawberry ever, and will make a lot of fruit snacks that taste the same. 3. Add other ingredients to alter the flavor after the fact, such as extra sugar.


Question: How come when we pick at our lips if they are chapped, it doesn’t scar like normal skin would?

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 How come when we pick at our lips if they are chapped, it doesn’t scar like normal skin would?

Skin is basically a membrane at the bottom, with a bunch of cells stacked together on top of it in layers forming a single structure. But your lips are different. Only the lowest layer of cells are actually touching that base membrane. All the layers above that are holding on to teach other very tightly, but not to the cells at the base. Because of this you can damage and remove the first few layers of those cells without exposing the base membrane. And only when that membrane is damaged do scars form. For the rest of your skin, where the cells are all holding onto the base, any damage goes all the way through to the membrane.


Question: how are seeds different from nuts? Why are so many people allergic to nuts but not seeds?

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 how are seeds different from nuts? Why are so many people allergic to nuts but not seeds?

The part of the nut that people eat is a seed. The difference is how the different seeds are formed. What people end up being allergic to is a protein that is involved in creating the hard inedible shell that has a seed moving freely inside, and does not contain a weak point that will open on its own. So anything that creates a seed in the form of a nut will have that protein, or one very close to it. Seeds on the other hand have a very different structures. They tend to be in a single piece and do contain a weak point that will open on its own. It doesn't have those proteins responsible for the allergies. This is also why people will be allergic to nuts *and* peanuts, despite peanuts not being nuts. The shell protein thing is in peanuts too.


Question: If you could zoom in and watch something charge it’s battery, what would you see?

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 If you could zoom in and watch something charge it’s battery, what would you see?

Imagine a retail clothing store that has a bunch of customers but no sales. Throughout the day the customers ruffle through the neatly folded clothes, try them on and put them down somewhere else. Completely disorganizing the entire store. That is you using your battery. At the end of the day, the employees run through using their tiny hands to pick up crumpled clothes, fold them, and reorganize the entire store. That is the charging. The electrons come in through the wall, reorganize your lithium ions and leave.


Question: Why men pee after ejaculation often ?

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 Why men pee after ejaculation often ?

My guess is this (and I am a physician): Coincidence. There's a lot of excitement and build up to the act. Increased heart rate and cardiac output. Then the there's the act, and hopefully you're not a two pump chump or a starfish. That's a lot of core work and movement. Then there's the post coital wind down and rest. If your kidneys are functioning normally they're going to have some urine made up and sent to your bladder. Hence your feeling there's a connection between sex and peeing. TL;DR Sex should be a physically engaging activity that should last a while and if you're doing it right and aren't dehydrated, pissing afterwards is common.


Question: How do people find seemingly impossible Easter eggs in games?

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 How do people find seemingly impossible Easter eggs in games?

They sometimes find them by accident, but in most cases they look at the code that makes the game work and find something in the code that makes no sense. For example... Let's say that you are looking at a code for a shooting game. You are looking at the names of the guns and you say "BFG" in the names, but have never found that gun. So you keep looking around for other places where it makes a reference to BFG. You may come across something that says "push button sequence: 1356, release BFG" so you do more investigation to see what push button sequence means and what it is referring to. Eventually you put all the pieces together and figure out how to get the BFG through the series of events.


Question: How did the recession of 2008 happen?

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 How did the recession of 2008 happen?

I guy named Louie figured out that you could sell a mortgage like a bond. That caused banks to give people mortgages they couldn’t afford, because the bank would just immediately sell it to another bank. The agencies in charge of making sure this didn’t happen accepted payment to look the other way.


Question: What exactly is the purpose behind the Lorem Ipsum Text?

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 What exactly is the purpose behind the Lorem Ipsum Text?

[It is a long established fact that a reader will be distracted by the readable content of a page when looking at its layout. The point of using Lorem Ipsum is that it has a more-or-less normal distribution of letters, as opposed to using 'Content here, content here', making it look like readable English. Many desktop publishing packages and web page editors now use Lorem Ipsum as their default model text, and a search for 'lorem ipsum' will uncover many web sites still in their infancy. Various versions have evolved over the years, sometimes by accident, sometimes on purpose (injected humour and the like)]( URL_0 )


Question: How do jet engines work?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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 How do jet engines work?

Jet engines are basically two fans. One sucks air in and compresses it, while the other gets spun by the burned fuel/air escaping out the back. The back fan powers the front fan. Meanwhile, all of that hot air escaping out the back pushes the engine forward on their way out. These engines can spin very fast because, unlike car engines, they have no pistons or anything going from side to side. Rather, they are just spinning, and they are balanced very precisely. They're very noisy because the air leaves the back of the engine moving super fast and there is a lot of it, as well as the spinning blades (much like a fan) induce a lot of turbulence and whooshing noise in the air.


Question: Is there a theoritical limit to how hot somethig can get?

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 Is there a theoritical limit to how hot somethig can get?

There is something in physics called the Planck length. If something is smaller than this length, our modern understanding of physics breaks down. Don’t ask why, it’s complicated, just go with it. The only thing you need to know about it is that anything smaller than this ludicrously, literally unimaginably small distance is impossible given the current understanding of the laws of physics. Now, hold that thought. Hot things give off energy, hence why a stove will burn your hand and it is ill-advised to sit on the bonnet (hood, I think, for the US) of a black car on a sunny day. Now, this heat behaves, essentially, like a wave (I’m massively oversimplifying here), meaning it has a wavelength. As things get hotter, this wavelength decreases and gets shorter in length. Can you see where I’m going? Basically, once you heat something up to a temperature called the Planck temperature, the wavelength is the Planck length. Any hotter and the wavelength would be smaller. However, remember that we can’t compute that. So for all intents and purposes, the hottest temperature theoretically possible is the Planck temperature, which is 141,678,541,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 degrees Celsius (quite large, isn’t it!). For comparison, the temperature of the core of the sun is 15,000,000 degrees Celsius, and the highest temperature ever created by humans is a measly 5,500,000,000,000 degrees Celsius.


Question: How do TV networks measure ratings?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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 How do TV networks measure ratings?

Nielson ratings are done by a combination of 1. sending surveys by mail to a number of cable/satellite subscribers asking what shows they watch regularly and other watching habits 2. volunteers allowing a box attached to their cable box or satellite box that tracks their watching habits Most people who volunteer and especially those who commonly fill out surveys tend older as do those who use cable/satellite this why ratings tend to show more viewers for shows like ncis and law and order, because their target audience is also targeted by the nielson ratings. For this reason ratings are increasingly viewed as unreliable, thus why more networks are trying to track online viewing habits


Question: Why is petrol commonly called 'gas', even though its a liquid?

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 Why is petrol commonly called 'gas', even though its a liquid?

It is short for "gasoline", which is what we call it in the States. According to Etymonline, the origin of the term is... "light, volatile liquid obtained from distillation of petroleum," 1864, a variant of gasolene (from 1863 in Britain), which apparently was a trade name at first, from gas (n.1) in its then-popular loose sense of "compound of gases used for illuminating and heating purposes;" the -ol probably here represents Latin oleum "oil" and the ending is from the chemical suffix -ine (2). Shortened form gas was in common use in U.S. by 1897. Gas station as a fuel filling station for automobiles recorded by 1924.


Question: How does charcoal absorb impurities for example how does it deodorise it's surroundings?

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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
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 How does charcoal absorb impurities for example how does it deodorise it's surroundings?

When you burn the living shit out of charcoal, the fire and heat clears away all the bullcrap impurities, leaving a chunk of carbon that is almost purely the carbon Lattice that makes up the structure, and almost nothing else. Now, carbon super likes to bond with things, it's a bit of a chemical slut in that way. Total freak. Anyway, when the air brings impurities into the structure, those impurities get trapped in the carbon lattice while the air is small enough to pass right through. It also works with water. That's how old activated carbon gas mask filters worked, and that's how most cheap consumer water filters work.


Question: How video game cutscenes change the look of the character during the cutscene according to characters custom appearance?

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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
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 How video game cutscenes change the look of the character during the cutscene according to characters custom appearance?

Those kind of scenes are in-engine/game scenes, as opposed to being pre-rendered. It moves the camera and controls your or other characters to make the scene play out. They have other kinds of tricks and stuff they can use, but that’s the main part. So that allows them to use whatever character model you have at the time.


Question: What makes soft drinks from different fast food restaurants taste so drastically different from each other?

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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
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 What makes soft drinks from different fast food restaurants taste so drastically different from each other?

There are a number of minor factors including strength of syrup mix, cleanliness of equipment, temperature, diameter of straw. But the no1 and biggest factor affecting the taste is the taste of the local water the syrup is mixed with. This is very very apparent when you travel between different geographies/countries.


Question: What are colors on an atomic level? What makes a rose red, a tree brown, and gold yellow?

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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 What are colors on an atomic level? What makes a rose red, a tree brown, and gold yellow?

Photons or light waves can have a variety of energy levels, from very low (like those emitted by radio antennas) to medium (the light you can see) to high (the x-rays or gamma rays that can give you cancer). When light hits a surface, it's hitting the electrons of the atoms in that surface, and either being absorbed by the electrons or bounced back off of them. There can be other effects, like how hot surfaces actively emit light (like red-hot iron), or some surfaces absorb light at one color and emit it in another immediately (fluorescence) or over time (phosphorescence). White light contains all the visible colors of light. When white light strikes an object and the object appears to have a particular color, that means that most of the light hitting it was absorbed, but some colors of light were reflected or emitted from it.


Question: What happens to your brain when you space out?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
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 What happens to your brain when you space out?

There are two kinds of spacing out. There is background processing - thinking about stuff that isn't apparent to you consciously, and basically resting your mind. For most of evolutionary history, energy was the limiting factor for most species. Sleeping is not only helpful for repairing your body, but also for reducing your calorie burden. Spacing out is a kind of low energy state that is more alert than sleeping but less energy consuming than active thinking.


Question: Why do movies shot for TV look so different to a movie created for cinema? I'm not talking production budgets, just the sharpness or polish to it you notice while you're watching.

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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 Why do movies shot for TV look so different to a movie created for cinema? I'm not talking production budgets, just the sharpness or polish to it you notice while you're watching.

Part of the reason is mastering. Movies shot for TV have a lot more time in the editing room, and part of that is based on the production budget. You've got people with more skill, better techniques, and possibly much more time. Another difference is lighting, which is often performed by more talented individuals in film production. Perhaps one of the biggest differences is frame rate. Film and TV have different frame rates, with a lower frame rate being standard for film. The higher frame rate for TV makes things appear a little faster because you're seeing more nuances in movement, and the lower frame rate has a bit of a smoothing effect.


Question: Why do gas burners go from off to high to low? Wouldn't it make more sense to go from off to low to high?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do gas burners go from off to high to low? Wouldn't it make more sense to go from off to low to high?

It's so that you can minimise the flame on the burner without risking having the whole thing turn off. If it was the other way around you would often try to set the gas even lower to the point that it could easily blow out. But you don't try to adjust a high flame down towards the off position, so it's more reliable (and safer).


Question: If heat makes things expand, why do clothes shrink in the dryer?

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 If heat makes things expand, why do clothes shrink in the dryer?

Not all things expand when heated. Textiles made of many fibers tend to constrict when exposed to high temperatures. They soak up water in the washing machine which causes the fibers to swell. Ever notice your shirts get super baggy when wet? When they dry, the fibers shrink back up and as they keep drying the tend to curl just a bit, which pulls the whole fabric in tighter. It's more noticeable with organic materials like cotton and wool.


Question: In the videos of cars going round In a cage type of thing, like it’s defying gravity, is it centripetal force or centrifugal?

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 In the videos of cars going round In a cage type of thing, like it’s defying gravity, is it centripetal force or centrifugal?

I'm not 100% sure what type of videos you refer to, but there is no actual "centrifugal" force\*. Centripetal is correct - it's the force that acts upon something (in this case the car) to keep it going in a circle. The source of the centripetal force in this example is the wall/cage. If it didn't exist, the car would just be going in a straight direction. On its own, the speeding car would move in one direction, so let's just imagine an arrow pointing in the direction the car is facing. Whenever the car turns, that arrow adjusts so that it keeps pointing in the same direction compared to the car. Now we add the cage/wall. The car wants to keep going where its arrow points but now the cage is in the way. The cage keeps "pushing" the car towards the center of the ring. Always towards the center, no matter where the car currently is. The result is that the car keeps going in a circle, around that center. & #x200B; \*the reason for this is a bit more complicated. Suffice to say for now that the centrifugal "force" is a fake force.