Question: Why are there predictions that there will he a recession next year?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why are there predictions that there will he a recession next year?

The US Fed is raising interest rates and unloading their balance sheet. This means there is less money in the country’s money supply. Businesses are forced to borrow at higher rates which means they have to be more conservative about their decisions in opening new plants and hiring new people as it will cost more with higher rates. Less plants being developed and less people being hired causes less spending in the economy which means businesses will make less money. This causes even less hiring, and even worse, potential layoffs. This compression of the economy causes a cyclical loop. Less corporate profits means more layoffs which means less corporate profits. The Fed raising interest rates has scared many people which causes the discussion of a potential recession forecast. Keeping interest rates too low and continually expanding the money supply creates inflation which causes an entirely different set of economic problems. So since we are off the gold standard and have a central bank lowering and raising interest rates, expanding and contracting the money supply, it creates a natural boom and bust, expansion and contraction economy. Other important factors include: 25% tariffs which causes costs to go up which means less corporate profit and a yield curve which is almost negative and is considered to be one of the strongest signals of a recession according to investors. Does this mean we are guaranteed to be in a declining recession? No, not necessarily. But there certainly are a lot of intelligent people who are worried about it for all of these reasons.


Question: Why is the glass panel of a PC case always on the left side of the case?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is the glass panel of a PC case always on the left side of the case?

Motherboard positioning mainly. The ATX motherboard standard and it's related standards (nearly universal outside of some odd OEM prebuilts) has its I/O panel and expansion ports on the left side of the board, and it's uncommon (for reasons I am not fully aware of) to mount a board upside-down. As such, in a case, the board will always be on the right/bottom of the case if the I/o ports and expansion slots face the rear.


Question: Why do horses need metal shoe rings? Are they not able to walk on their own like other animals?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do horses need metal shoe rings? Are they not able to walk on their own like other animals?

Well they actually are more than able to live without shoes, wild horses never have shoes. For domestic horses which are bred for riding or pulling shoes help with their foot health. Horse hooves are made of keratin, basically they're really big thick fingernails, meaning much like human fingernails they're somewhat pliable and prone to fractures. However, unlike humans a split nail doesn't just give them a hangnail. They have to walk on a potentially painful split or the split may get infected. Wow by shoeing the horse the owner prevents pain and more importantly saves money from expensive vet visits.


Question: Why does rendering gameplay in video editor take significantly more time than recording live gameplay?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does rendering gameplay in video editor take significantly more time than recording live gameplay?

Rendering a video is doing more than just putting images back to back and then creating a video that puts those images on the screen. It also does a lot of compression to the video so that the file size is much smaller and can be transmitted across the internet without using up all of your data limit. Lets do some quick math. There are 1920x1080 pixels in the majority of modern of screens (some people are even moving to 1440p which has even more more pixels). A single 1080p image uncompressed is just over 3 MB. At 25 frames per second you would reach a gigabyte in about 13 seconds of video time. Most videos are much longer than 13 seconds, yet we stream them for only megabytes of data at a time. This is where the difference between rendering and real time come into play. An Nvidia 1070 can pump out terrabytes of operations and video every second. But the renderer will take these images and process them down into a file size that's manageable for the internet. A common technique is to take large areas of a similar color/pattern and just say, this area is this color/pattern. By doing this we can save a lot of data. Specifically pertaining to videos, we also try to determine which parts of the video are updated in each frame and only redraw those parts. All of this is expensive and the more compressed the file the more expensive it is. Edit: Here's a site that you can look at to see how big of a difference compression makes. URL_0


Question: Why is it that upgrading a phone or a computer to a newer operating system typically results in the device performing worse or slower?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is it that upgrading a phone or a computer to a newer operating system typically results in the device performing worse or slower?

Because phone companies use planned-obsolescence to slow down older devices artificially in order to push newer devices. OR Because newer software is more taxing on the hardware than older versions was. Both of these have some truth in them, I recall several instances where it was claimed that around the release of newer generation hardware, many smartphone manufacturers utilise the first method, while the second option is almost a passive process as apps become larger and more complicated. Edit: I should note that the intentional sabotaging of older generation devices is often referred to as a conspiracy theory, with little corroborating evidence. It is likely that poor optimisation and growing complexity of apps and growing reliance on constant connectivity is the main driving force behind the increased strain on your hardware.


Question: How do flashing lights cause seizures?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do flashing lights cause seizures?

During a seizure, the brain is firing at an incredible rate, just all cylinders go, to no particular end. As opposed to say, schizophrenia where the brain may be overfiring, but still trying to make specific things happen like walking or talking, and is not trying to do literally everything all at once. Epileptic seizures is like trying to make a spaghetti by grabbing literally all the ingredients in your kitchen and throwing them in a pot in random amounts at random times. Strobe lights disorient everyone to some degree, and being disoriented makes your brain work harder as it tries to figure out wtf is going on. The disorienting effect of the strobe can stimulate the epileptic brain until the point where it starts running all cylinders on go. It can't figure out what's going on so it starts sending random signals like "move ALL the muscles!" without adding signals like "keep your balance". Strobe lights overstimulate and disorient an epileptic person so the brain just goes into panic mode like "idk wtf is going just pull all the levers and push all the buttons!!!!! JUST KEEP DOING EVERYTHING I DONT KNOWWWW!!!!" (to be clear, epilepsy isn't associated with anxiety disorders, and not all seizures involve convulsions)


Question: How does lead block radiation particles?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 How does lead block radiation particles?

Any material does. But lead is very dense, so there's more lead in an inch-thick sheet of lead than there is wood in an inch-thick piece of wood. That means even a relatively thin layer of lead serves as a decent shield - but a thick enough sheet of other materials would work fine as well.


Question: What happens to a photon after it enters your eye?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 What happens to a photon after it enters your eye?

A photon entering the eye is technically being absorbed and emitted over and over as it moves through the materials of your eye such as the lens and vitreous humour. Each time it is absorbed it is destroyed and each time it is emitted a new one is created again. Once it encounters the retina it is absorbed and some of the energy is consumed to trigger chemical reactions that register its arrival. Some energy is dissipated as heat, and reflected photons with less energy will bounce back from the retina to either be completely converted to heat or escape the iris to move back into the world at large. There is no "life cycle" of a photon in the body. There isn't really any life cycle of a specific photon traveling through anything but pure vacuum.


Question: How does calculator know and use pi if even super computers can't know all the digits. Does it use like first 100 digits?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 How does calculator know and use pi if even super computers can't know all the digits. Does it use like first 100 digits?

Probably way less than that. For any real-world application, even a few decimal places are totally sufficient. Use 6 digits, and the circumference of a kilometer-wide circle is less than a centimeter off the true value. That's already better than most measurement methods. And additionally to that, computers in general can't handle infinitely precise numbers. If you do the right calculations, the error could stack up, but in this case you rather use mathematical tricks to simplify the calculations first, before using any hard-coded numbers.


Question: When you look at a clock right as the second hand moves, why does it seem like that second takes a little bit longer than normal?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 When you look at a clock right as the second hand moves, why does it seem like that second takes a little bit longer than normal?

Your brain blocks out the period of time when your eyes move, so that you don’t actually see the whole room move as your eyes do. But rather than have a split second of darkness, your brain then fills in the gap with the next thing you see, so what you first perceive is what you are looking at plus a little bit extra to cover the split second when your eyes were moving. It’s called [chronostasis]( URL_0 ).


Question: The CEO of the company I work for just sold $1.2 million of his company stock. What does that usually mean?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 The CEO of the company I work for just sold $1.2 million of his company stock. What does that usually mean?

Depends on what the stock is worth and how much of it the CEO had, really. If the stock isn't worth much that would be a big sale which can mean bad news for the company or that they're moving on and don't want to carry the stock with them when they go. If the stock is valuable and the sale was small they could be buying a nice boat or a new house.


Question: How do planets bend time?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do planets bend time?

Gravity, as far as we know, is caused by distortions in spacetime caused by mass. Since it's a distortion of spacetime it impacts both: space...which is why things are "pulled" towards planets, and time...clocks run slower near big masses. There's nothing special about planets in this respect, it happens with all masses, but planets are the largest masses except stars and black holes so it's more pronounced near them. \*Technically\*, just moving your watch near a stack of free weights causes it to move a little slower, but it's such a small effect that you can't measure it. On the other hand, GPS satellites have to correct their clocks for the distortion caused by being in earth's gravity well (and for the distortion caused by how fast they're going).


Question: Why does animal butter get hard when you store it in the fridge but plant based butter doesn’t?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does animal butter get hard when you store it in the fridge but plant based butter doesn’t?

Plant based products are specifically made from a mixture of oils that stay a little bit soft at fridge temperatures. Butter made from cow milk simply has a fat that gets rather solid, and needs to be warmed up a bit to become soft again. Plant based butters can have sunflower oil, or oils from other seeds, that stay liquid longer at low temperatures - mixed with oils that solidify sooner. Same goes for cooking - not all oils and fats cook and burn at the same temperature, some way sooner causing smoke and burned taste (olive oil, butter), others can go without burning at higher temperatures making them suitable for deep frying (sunflower oil).


Question: Why is liquid Oxygen blue and not red?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is liquid Oxygen blue and not red?

I don't think your Chemistry instructor was referring to the color of actual oxygen. It's just that in molecular diagrams and such, Oxygen is typically represented as a red atom. You can see that [here]( URL_0 ) The vast majority of the diagrams for the water molecule display Oxygen as the red atom.


Question: Why are watches worn on the non-dominant hand?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why are watches worn on the non-dominant hand?

You use your dominant hand more and that means there is more opportunity for the watch to bang into stuff. Any watch also slightly reduces mobility and clearance which would be more annoying if on the dominant hand. Finally since you are using the dominant hand to do thing it is more likely that when you want to reference your watch it is on an occupied hand, complicating matters.


Question: If stars twinkle and planets are reflecting a star’s light, why would a planet “twinkle” as well?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 If stars twinkle and planets are reflecting a star’s light, why would a planet “twinkle” as well?

The "twinkle" is caused by the Earth's atmosphere distorting the light from stars as it passes through the air. Planets are much closer and physically larger to the naked eye, so they're less prone to this distortion because they're not a infinitely-small point of light in the sky. The stars themselves (usually) don't twinkle up close, they're raging balls of plasma thousands of times larger than Earth. Sudden changes in light output would require an extremely violent event to make them flare up.


Question: What is the difference between gold-backed currency and fiat currency? What is purchasing power?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 What is the difference between gold-backed currency and fiat currency? What is purchasing power?

There are really three kinds of money to talk about: * Commodity money * Representative money * Fiat money **Commodity money** is a money whose value comes from what it is made out of. So gold or silver coins are commodity money. **Representative money** is an intrinsically valueless currency (i.e. a paper certificate) whose value comes from what it *represents* -- typically a share of a commodity (such as precious metals like gold and silver) that is held in reserve in a stockpile. Gold-backed currency falls into this category. Up until the early 20th century, if you wemost US dollars were gold or silver certificates that (theoretically) could have been exchanged for an amount of physical gold or silver held in reserve at Fort Knox. **Fiat money** is an intrinsically valueless currency (i.e. a paper certificate) whose value is determined by (a) the government that issues it and (b) the people who use and exchange it. The value is often guaranteed by the issuing government, and, thus, is only as stable and valuable as people's perception of the stability and value of that government/country. In modern times, nearly all currency is fiat currency. Increasingly, though, currency (coins and paper notes) is irrelevant. Today, most transactions take place through an exchange of information among trusted institutions. When you swipe your credit card, that's an exchange of information between you, the vendor, the vendor's bank, and your credit card's issuing bank. The monetary value is still measured in the same units as the currency, but no currency is involved. It's not hard to foresee a currency-less future. **Purchasing power** is a measurement of what goods/services can be bought for that money. Say, for example, it's 1950. You make $1/hour at your job. With that $1 you can buy ten candy bars that cost 10 cents each. Fast forward to 1990. Because of inflation, a single candy bar now costs $1 instead of ten cents. So the *purchasing power* of a single dollar is now 1/10 of what it was in 1950. Back then you could buy ten candy bars for a dollar; later you could only buy one for a dollar. However, it's important to understand that purchasing power is, by itself, not a very meaningful statistic because it has to be compared against wages. In 1950 you were making $1/hour. If in 1990 you were making $10/hour, then the value of one hour of *your labor* could still be measured as the ability to purchase 10 candy bars. Your purchasing power would have remained flat. This is why it's such a problem when wages don't keep up with inflation. Let's say in 1990 you're only making $7/hour. So one hour's worth of labor only nets you 7 candy bars. Since back in 1950 your $1/hour wage would net you 10 candy bars, you're worse off than you were back in the past.


Question: Why is it colder at higher altitudes even though it’s closer to the Sun?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is it colder at higher altitudes even though it’s closer to the Sun?

Gas in our atmosphere contains the heat we feel. Since gas is more concentrated (and at higher pressure) lower to Earth, since gravity pulls it there, there are more molecules to hold heat closer to the surface. Higher in the atmosphere gas is less concentrated and therefore the temperature is colder.


Question: Why is it that the screen appears totally black for a laptop from some angles but not so for my TV?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is it that the screen appears totally black for a laptop from some angles but not so for my TV?

When color LCD screens were being invented a few different kinds cropped up, the two most common are TN, which is more responsive, but has worse color accuracy, and has the poor viewing angles, and IPS, which has better viewing angles and has better color accuracy. On laptops, and cheaper screens in general you'll usually find TN, but on most good TVs you'll find IPS


Question: At restaurants, why is the tip amount written after the credit card has already been charged?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 At restaurants, why is the tip amount written after the credit card has already been charged?

The bill is ran as a pre-authorization then when the server closes the check the adjust the amount to include the tip. The is a risk of the server putting whatever they want but not much due to the fact that that would be credit card fraud and is a felony and the sever would lose their job so that’s not really something to worry about. The tip goes to the server and the server will also tip out bartenders, bussers, hosts, etc. so if you do not tip the server is basically paying money to cover that tipout. It is illegal for the restaurant to keep tips for themselves (managers/owners) Cash tips are declared.


Question: How does a cut-off system determine the duration it layed turned off?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 How does a cut-off system determine the duration it layed turned off?

Yeah. There is indeed a chip in the computer that is constantly powered from a battery, that keeps track of time. I'm sure you know that most advanced calculators got a memory-preserving battery, so that it won't forget everything immediately if the system batteries run out. It's the same with the computer, except that battery is hard to get to. You barely ever need to replace it in a decently new computer.


Question: How did consciousness become a thing?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 How did consciousness become a thing?

Neurons. Our earliest ancestors had very few of them, no more than a dozen of them. Their sole purpose was to help the organism survive. For example a little tiny sea creature would need to move ever so slightly to hook onto a rock and then live it’s remaining days on that rock. The neurons helped it be able to move to the rock. Eventually as life evolved so did the amount of neurons in organisms. The more neurons an organism has, the more complex they become. So instead of using them for the sole purpose of survival they were able to be used for more complex things like thoughts and emotions. Humans have about 86 billion neurons in our brains.


Question: how was earth made? How is it formed as it is now and why are other planets not the same or similar as each other?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 how was earth made? How is it formed as it is now and why are other planets not the same or similar as each other?

A few more factors that help earth be unique. An active core creates a magnetic field, protecting us from suns radiation Our distance from the sun is just right for liquid water The existence of Jupiter and its gravitational pull protects earth from asteroid impacts, making earth safer. The tilt of the earth, which was caused by the moon colliding into us, gives us seasons. Seasons are important because they create just enough variety to encourage adaptation, without being too extreme to hinder the evolution of life. The moon is exceptionally large for a planet our size. This leads to strong tides which were critical to life moving to land.


Question: how does analog audio work? (Like vinyl records)

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 how does analog audio work? (Like vinyl records)

Sound is simply variations in sound pressure. Take a sheet of paper, and mount it in a frame, so that it's held securely. If you blow on it, it's going to flex away from the air. Now attach a needle to that and make it make a groove in something, which will follow those vibrations in the air. That's really all there is to it. All sound, no matter how complex, adds up to some amount of deflection during a point in time. If there's multiple sounds at once they just add up with each other.


Question: Why are France and Spain 1 hour ahead of the UK when part of those countries are directly below us?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why are France and Spain 1 hour ahead of the UK when part of those countries are directly below us?

Because Nazis. They used to be in the same time zone as the UK. But then when the Nazis took over France in WW2, they switched them to the same time zone as Germany. Spain wasn't directly involved in WW2, but were on fairly good terms with the Nazis so also switched to have a matching time zone to aid cooperation. For both it turned out to be more convenient after the war was over so they stayed that way. Now they all work quite closely together, and people and goods cross the borders all the time, so it's easier to be in a single time zone.


Question: why is it that fire normally burns orange? Why isn’t it blue, green, or purple?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 why is it that fire normally burns orange? Why isn’t it blue, green, or purple?

The color of a flame depends on what is burning and how hot it is. Most flames come from burning carbon based fuel (wood, wax, etc) and these things burn orange/red/yellow. The higher the temperature the whiter the flame. Other chemical substances simply burn different colors than carbon. This has to do with the amount of energy given off as something burns.


Question: If you haven’t eaten for a while and you finally eat why do u feel immediacy better and like u have more energy even though the food couldn’t have been absorbed into you body yet ?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 If you haven’t eaten for a while and you finally eat why do u feel immediacy better and like u have more energy even though the food couldn’t have been absorbed into you body yet ?

Because your brain lies to you. As the time between meals grows, your brain starts freaking out. It doesn't know the next time you are going to eat. You might not eat again. It begins sending hunger signals. You need to eat. You NEED to eat. I'M RATIONING ENERGY BECAUSE WE MIGHT RUN OUT! And then, ahhhh, a bite of food goes into your mouth. Your brain realizes it was being so silly holding onto all that energy and signals your body thats it's ok to begin burning fuel at a normal rate again. The sugar receptors in your mouth let your body know that sugar will begin coursing into your bloodstream and filling up your energy stores in the next few minutes. Death averted...for a few more hours! There is a great early episode of Radio Lab about something similar. [ URL_0 ]( URL_0 )


Question: Why are mouthwashes acidic when toothpastes are alkaline?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why are mouthwashes acidic when toothpastes are alkaline?

They have different functions. Toothpaste is there to mechanically remove plaque, so that bacteria has nowhere to grow in your teeth and gums. Mouthwash is an antiseptic. It kills bacteria in the mouth, especially the ones that cause gingivitis and halitosis (bad breath). It’s like soap versus hand sanitizer. One removes food sources for bacteria, the other kills the bacteria.


Question: How comets travel through space at such high speeds?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 How comets travel through space at such high speeds?

comets usually have really long and "thin" orbits, and go really far away from the sun before returning and looping around really close to it. The whole time the sun is pulling them closer, they're speeding up, so they whip around the sun way faster than things in a steady, circular orbit (when they're way far away from the sun they're going much slower). They come from two groups of icy asteroids that orbit way, way far out: he Kuiper belt, of which Pluto is a part, and the Port cloud, which is a spherical cloud of icy bodies orbiting as far as halfway to the nearest star. Sometimes one of these icy bodies gets knocked out of its stable orbit and "fall" in towards the sun.


Question: How does minmax and alpha-beta algorithm manage to find the best possible solution?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 How does minmax and alpha-beta algorithm manage to find the best possible solution?

Simply by playing as well as it can against itself for both sides. ***Let's start with minmax:*** A minmax algorithm starts with some move: and then goes "OK, for every move I make, what would my OPPONENT do in response?" It then goes to each of those moves and goes "OK, for every move my OPPONENT makes here, what is MY best response?" if it hits a leaf (game over or its depth limit is reached) it records who is closer to winning and by how much, and goes back up a step. If it has tested all the moves, then record the best score of the best move for the "player" currently being examined and return that. Essentially, it alternates between maximizing the chances it will win, and minimizing the chances it will win(maximizing the opponent). In theory, once it reaches the initial position again, it will have the best move for himself, because he assumed his opponent played perfectly and thus the best move here is the best possible score it can obtain at all. ***Alphabeta pruning*** Now, as you might have noticed minmax tests every possible move down to some specified depth. This isn't very efficient. A single move can have thousands and hundreds of thousands submoves. Alphabeta pruning is the act of observing the best and worst score the move being observed currently can achieve, and if you see a move that clearly is worse for the player in question, stop looking at all and jump back up a step. The logic is that since the move you just discovered is so bad, the player will never play this branch anyhow, he already has a better option that will be returned. By cutting out all the moves not yet observed in this branch you save time. Now you don't have to spend time and energy checking moves you'll never return anyhow.


Question: Why did Osama Bin Laden have so many brothers, but almost no sisters?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why did Osama Bin Laden have so many brothers, but almost no sisters?

Statistically more likely that it's a result of female infanticide. Per Wikipedia, "Female infanticide is the deliberate killing of newborn female children. In countries with a history of female infanticide, the modern practice of sex-selective abortion is often discussed as a closely related issue. Female infanticide is a major cause of concern in several nations such as China and India. It has been argued that the "low status" in which women are viewed in patriarchal societies creates a bias against females.... in regions where women are not employed in agriculture and regions in which dowries are the norm then female infanticide is commonplace... In seventh-century Arabia, before Islamic culture became established, female infanticide was widely practiced. This is attributed by scholars to the fact that women were deemed "property" within those societies. Others have speculated that to prevent their daughters from a life of misery, the mothers would kill the child. "


Question: What makes contagious diseases/illnesses contagious?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 What makes contagious diseases/illnesses contagious?

Pathogens expresses things called virulence factors which help them in spreading and colonising new hosts and causing disease. Some examples of these would be adhesins (which help the pathogen stick to the host) and toxins (which disrupt the host normal function, giving the pathogen a foot hold). The more virulence factors a pathogen has the easier it can spread


Question: Why did the USSR suffer significantly higher casualty rates during WWII in comparison to the other powers?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why did the USSR suffer significantly higher casualty rates during WWII in comparison to the other powers?

After Nazi Germany and the USSR signed a non-aggression pact and divided Poland in half, Stalin knew the clock was ticking. Given Hitlers ideology of extreme nationalism and socialism, compared to the ideology of the USSR; it was quite obvious that the two could NOT co-exist. Especially when they're neighbor's. And here's is World War II favorite pun: Stalin agreed to the non-aggression pact because he was staling. Anyway, to answer your question, after Hitler conquered Norway, Denmark, and France, he turned his eyes towards the land of the bear. He waited for spring (Napoleon tried to invaded Russia during winter, he lost 90% of his army) and initiated Operation Barbarossa (red-beard). He figured the not so industrialized USSR could not match the industrial power of Germany. To his dismay, the Red Army switched to the tactic known as Scorched Earth, meaning they would burn everything as the Germans advanced in an attempt to slow them down until winter. It worked. But along the way, Germans captured many who weren't a part of the "Aryan Nation," and sent them off to concentration camps to either work them to death or systematically murder them. But another reason why the Russians lost so many was because Stalin didn't really want his troops to retreat in the battle of Stalingrad. So as I mentioned earlier, they slowed down the Germans until winter. Hitler could not achieve his goal of a quick conquest, so he logically changed tactics, he went after the oil reserves that Russia had. If the Germans captured the oil reserves, the Russian military would essentially be impotent. Located in the south of Russia, Germans advanced that way. But Stalingrad was in the way. Because this city determined who'll control the oil, Stalin ordered his troops to not take a step back. Troops were ordered to shoot any Russian who retreated. By the end of the war, an estimated 30% of Russian troops were killed by their own (I recommend watching "Enemy at the Gates"). This is why serious historians say that the true victors of WWII were the Russians. They lost 56 million people, half were citizens who were victims of genocide, German atrocities, and German bombs.


Question: Why some physical properties are measured in log scale? For example decibel system for sound and the Richter Scale for magnitude of earthquakes.

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why some physical properties are measured in log scale? For example decibel system for sound and the Richter Scale for magnitude of earthquakes.

Because some things are better understood as increasing exponentially rather than linearly. An example I've heard is If you were walking around and saw a lion, you'd obviously panic a bit. But then you saw a second lion. You'd probably panic quite a bit more. But imagine that there were 70 lions to begin with, and then you saw one additional lion. That 71st lion probably would barely register, as it really is meaningless given the already 70 lions. To have a similar level of panic increase, you'd need a proportionally large increase in the number of lions. That's why 1 to 2 is so impactful - you're literally doubling the threat In the same regard, the difference between two sounds or two earthquakes doesn't really make sense to measure linearly - there needs to be a proportional difference for us to really "feel" the difference A log scale is a way of converting exponential / proportional values into a linear scale so that we can mathematically "understand" the numbers more intuitively


Question: why do our brains briefly obsess over things we like a lot? Like a book, tv series, or video game? What’s the chemistry behind obsessing over a thing we like?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 why do our brains briefly obsess over things we like a lot? Like a book, tv series, or video game? What’s the chemistry behind obsessing over a thing we like?

A good friend of mine wrote an article on it I’m not 100% convinced of the science behind it but it makes sense. URL_0 Monotropism is the deep focus you are experiencing, thoughts are like channels carved in your mind, obsession is your train of thought going down a channel that runs deep.


Question: Can anyone explain the financial crisis of 2008 and what impacts it had on society?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Can anyone explain the financial crisis of 2008 and what impacts it had on society?

Basically banks were able to offer loans for people to buy houses without worrying about if the person could pay back the loan. This was done because once the loan was sold they would package a bunch of loans up and sell them. There were rating companies whose job was to determine how safe the packages were but everything was getting high ratings when they really shouldn't have. Products like variable loan rates would make it so people could afford their mortgage payments for a while but when the rate went up they were not able to. Since everyone was buying houses the cost of houses was going up quickly and then when people started to default (not pay) on their loans there was a realization that there was a very large number of loans that were going to be defaulted on and all this value disappeared (the loans that were once looked at as having value were now worth much less since a significant portion of the loans were going to default). This caused critical financial institutions (some big banks) to need to be propped up or they would not be able to sustain the hit. Some of these banks needed to be propped up or else the crisis would have gotten worse. Net result was that people were scared of buying houses because the value was dropping so fast. Because the value was dropping, people who could pay their mortgage were not able to sell their house because their loan was now more than what the house could sell for (called being underwater sometimes). Outside of the housing market everyone was hit because the huge hit to the economy sent us into a recession. This means that stocks were going down and people were scared and pulling money out. All this drop in value means that businesses needed to tighten the belt and laid people off/ didn't hire or pay as much. Jobs were harder to get, people were stuck in their houses, 401Ks and retirement funds took big hits, etc.


Question: why can we go East/West forever but when we go North we eventually end up going South?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 why can we go East/West forever but when we go North we eventually end up going South?

> Feel like there's actually interesting maths/geometry behind this for some reason There is, but I think it's *way* beyond ELI5. You're asking why a sphere has poles, and the answer is because we usually measure a sphere using Euler angles (rotations about 3 orthoginal axies). We use Euler angles because they're intuitive and historically the way it was done, but the problem is that they aren't valid at certain points ie the poles. Until recently (literally the last 100 years) while everybody knew there was a problem, it was purely academic and no-one cared that it didn't work at some points. The formal and not-at-all ELI5 answer is that there is no trivial covering map projecting from the T^3 torus to a real sphere R^3. That might be more intuitive to say that there is no way to map every point on a sphere to a plane. To imagine it in 1 dimension, imagine a semi-circle sitting on a number line, like a sideways D. You want to map from any point on the semicircle to exactly one point on the line and vice versa. The obvious way to do this is to draw a line from the top of the semicircle, crossing down through the semicircle and cutting its edge somewhere, and continuing on until it cuts the number line. Where that line cuts the semicircle and the number line maps any point on the semicircle to exactly one point on the line, and every point on the number line to exactly one point on the semicircle, EXCEPT the top of the circle which would map to infinity, but also to -infinity, hence it's ambiguous. This is the crinkle in mapping from the surface of a sphere to a plane in 2D that prevents everything working nicely, and means you have to have spots where it all goes to shit and forms a pole. This has real world applications beyond just "going north from north". In mechanics, especially in [Gimbal Lock]( URL_1 ) of gyros, which damn-near destroyed both Apollo 11 and Apollo 13 before NASA learned their lesson and upgraded the gyros to 4-axis ones, but also in things like robotics and controlling CNC tools The solution is to use a non-trivial mapping like [quaternions]( URL_0 ) (also beyond ELI5, but you know the magic word to google). The Wikipedia page is unintuitive - like all mathematics wikipedia pages - but it's the first thing that came up when I searched Someone who is better at being a mathematics communicator might have a better analogy for the topology mapping


Question: How does German schools teaches students about WW1 and WW2?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 How does German schools teaches students about WW1 and WW2?

From learning about the build up to WW1, a lot of the conversation was not specifically Germany’s fault but a growing tension amongst multiple Europe powers, that resulted in a powder keg waiting to explode. For WW2, the rise of theNazi party can be discussed without being tied to the idea of modern Germany. There was anti Jewish sentiment across a lot of countries, and anger in Germany on the back of harsh treatment post WW1, that allowed the Nazi party to grow in power. It is important to discuss a countries past problems and learn why they happened and how not to let it happen again, without mistaking it for modern day blame. Germany is often better at this than many other western countries, especially how other countries discuss topics like imperialism and the treatment of native inhabitants.


Question: why is the phrase “people of colour” acceptable, but “coloured people” not?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 why is the phrase “people of colour” acceptable, but “coloured people” not?

This is what is termed a 'euphemism treadmill'. You start out with some term to describe a group of people. However, this group of people has some negative associations - and those negative associations get transferred to the term you're using. At this point, you need to come up with a new term because the old term sounds 'negative' to people. This creates a situation where the 'offensiveness' of the term is generational in nature. It's unlikely you'd offend an 80-year-old black man by calling him 'colored', but you'd definitively offend a 20-year-old black man. People also tend to get stuck in the euphemisms of their youth as the 'correct' euphemism - 20 years from now, 'people of color' will be considered offensive but current young people will still be using it. Note: "People of Color" *technically* refers to all non-European peoples, including Hispanics as non-European. But large numbers of people will get offended by the term if you apply to them (Indians and East Asians in particular) because they don't see themselves as being part of that overall group. In contrast, 'colored' refers to people of African ancestry; more particularly it is used to refer to mulattos.


Question: After the death of actor Chadwick Boseman who died of colon cancer can someone explain how does colon cancer kill you?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 After the death of actor Chadwick Boseman who died of colon cancer can someone explain how does colon cancer kill you?

Cancers don't confine themselves to where they start. As tumors grow and cancer mutates, small parts of it can break off and travel elsewhere in the body, where they then give rise to more tumors. At Stage IV, most cancer has reached that stage, and is almost impossible to actually stop with treatment.


Question: Stain Removers (Carpet particularly) - Do they remove the staining material, or just change the colour?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Stain Removers (Carpet particularly) - Do they remove the staining material, or just change the colour?

Coffee stains are known as "oxidisable stains." What this means is that the part of the molecule that causes the stain to have color is also susceptible to being broken by an oxidizing agent (eg, hydrogen peroxide, bleach, etc.). The staining material is likely still there, but the chemical structure has been altered so that it doesn't have color. There are other kinds of stains that have other kinds of stain removers, but this is the general idea for coffee stains.


Question: not sure how dumb this sounds but since we are running out of oil it seemed worth it - plants use CO2 and water (+sunlight) to make energy in their chloroplast... what's there stopping us from making large chloroplast generators that would generate energy for us ?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 not sure how dumb this sounds but since we are running out of oil it seemed worth it - plants use CO2 and water (+sunlight) to make energy in their chloroplast... what's there stopping us from making large chloroplast generators that would generate energy for us ?

Sure, you could use it to make bio-diesel and then use diesel generators to make electricity. It's more than possible, it could be engineered. However, there are less expensive ways to make electricity, like solar panels or wind generators. We have no shortage of energy, economic factors balance which sources are the most affordable.


Question: Skin aging: how does oil keep it young?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Skin aging: how does oil keep it young?

Your skin is a living thing and it uses natural oils that your body produces to stay supple and healthy so putting oil on your skin is just a little bonus nutrients for it. It’s the same reason people oil up leather, because it too was a living thing at one point so keeping leather oiled makes it soft and playable just like it was skin again. Same principle.


Question: I have 4 young plants in a vase. One starts losing strength, space is running out. I take it out of the vase. The other plants now battle for their space and grow stronger than the first plant killed. After a while, one remains. Do plants eat each other's roots? How do they take the space?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 I have 4 young plants in a vase. One starts losing strength, space is running out. I take it out of the vase. The other plants now battle for their space and grow stronger than the first plant killed. After a while, one remains. Do plants eat each other's roots? How do they take the space?

Each plant's roots need a certain amount of space to ensure adequate nutrient and water absorbtion from the soil. If it's cramped in there, all of them are getting less than they need. This is also why you have to keep transplanting your plants into larger and larger pots as they continue to grow, because they've "outgrown" the one they're in.


Question: How come some big events (like the Olympics and the Super Bowl) can't be mentioned on things like Youtube shows, but others can?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 How come some big events (like the Olympics and the Super Bowl) can't be mentioned on things like Youtube shows, but others can?

Anyone can mention the Olympics or the Super Bowl. What they can't do is imply they are associated or endorsed by those events, that would be a trademark violation. Also, those events are traditionally *very* aggressive when it comes to enforcing their trademarks. Even if you are are mentioning in a legally acceptable way, you might not want the hassle of having a quarrel of lawyers coming down on you. Your ISP and YouTube likely feel the same way, and will pull the plug rather than dealing with it.


Question: How does the moons gravity pull the entire ocean up for high tide but it can't stop rain from falling?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
Conciseness: The answer should avoid unnecessary repetition and be as clear and succinct as possible.

Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <answer> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <answer> tag and after the closing </answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 How does the moons gravity pull the entire ocean up for high tide but it can't stop rain from falling?

The moon isn't pulling the ocean away from the earth, as though if it had enough time it would suck all the water off the planet. Instead, the moon and the earth share a center of mass. Since the moon is so big, that center of mass is not in the center of the earth, it's at a point between the center of the earth and the surface. Since the earth spins and the moon revolves around it, that center of mass bulges the earth as it moves through the planet and makes the oceans slosh around. But the center is still underground, so even if you're on the side of the earth facing the moon, you're still drawn downward toward that center of mass.