Question: What is the point of studying the really really high up there atomic elements (like atomic numbers in the 110s) other than for knowledge's sake? Do they actually have any applications?

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 What is the point of studying the really really high up there atomic elements (like atomic numbers in the 110s) other than for knowledge's sake? Do they actually have any applications?

1. Acquiring knowledge of the universe. Making sure that the rules of the world we know don't break down at some point which would indicate that they aren't right. 2. Hypothesized 'island of stability' for super heavy elements. If these could be found they might make for super dense energy storage. This prediction is based on a number of things and might have ELI5s already. 3. Science has a weird way of crossing disciplines. Technologies, techniques, models, and equations cross over not infrequently so solving problems with smashing atoms together might give a practical solutions in other field.


Question: How do police officers (U.S.) avoid charges of second degree murder or involuntary manslaughter when they shoot an unarmed civilian?

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 How do police officers (U.S.) avoid charges of second degree murder or involuntary manslaughter when they shoot an unarmed civilian?

Graham vs. Connor states that an officer's actions must be looked at through the information the officer has at the time and what a reasonable person would do in that circumstance. Basically, a shooting doesn't automatically become unjustified just because it turned out the suspect didn't have a weapon. For one Alton Sterling was most certainly armed. He had a revolver in his pocket that he was reaching for during the entire encounter. The way he fell partially undernethe a car; police couldn't secure his hand properly and he was refusing to give him his hand. Stephon Clark was followed by a police helicopter after being seen attempting to break into a car. He ran from officers into a back yard. Officers gave him commands to stop, he shouted "Fuck you" and came towards them with an object in his hands. They could not identify what it was, and had to assume it was a firearm.


Question: How do large area WLAN networks work?

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 How do large area WLAN networks work?

exactly like you suggested. There are a lot of Access Points (not routers) that broadcast the same network (ESSID), with the same security settings. Every Access Point has a unique ID (BSSID), which a client also sees. So your PC or phone or whatever notices that the same network is broadcasts by different devices. It then choses the one with the best signal. Your phone constantly checks whether it sees a different access point with a better signal. It then switches the acces points it connects to without you noticing.


Question: What does Human Diversity mean in this context: 'Long and Kittles find that rather than 85% of human genetic diversity existing in all human populations, about 100% of human diversity exists in a single African population' ?

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 What does Human Diversity mean in this context: 'Long and Kittles find that rather than 85% of human genetic diversity existing in all human populations, about 100% of human diversity exists in a single African population' ?

If you think of the genome as a book, with each human having a very similar book. There are some differences however, the odd letter is changed, or maybe a word is repeated or omited. If you get all the books from the rest of the world, and look at all the variations together, it's still a small subset of all the variation in the African set of books. This is because we started out with a large set of African books, and then a small number of them went on to the rest of the world. Those books were copied repeatedly, and small changes introduced. The huge number of varaitions in the African set dwarfs the small set of varaitions in the rest of the world.


Question: Why do we stop being hungry after not eating for a long time?

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 Why do we stop being hungry after not eating for a long time?

You are still feeling hungry but your brain suppresses it cause you should focus on some more important things like finding foods. Being hungry for a while is enough to remind you that you need foods and there is no good to be suffering and focusing on the stomach. What if there came the smell of fried KFC chicken legs when you thought you have passed the ''hungry period'', your mouth would also get watering and your stomach would start telling you how hungry you really are by roaring and twisting.


Question: If the body stores energy in the form of fat on our bodies why can't we completely exhaust our energy stores before we refuel with food instead of having to refuel every couple hours of everyday when we already have energy on our bodies?

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 If the body stores energy in the form of fat on our bodies why can't we completely exhaust our energy stores before we refuel with food instead of having to refuel every couple hours of everyday when we already have energy on our bodies?

We can, it's just not healthy. You'd start to get malnourished. The body needs a lot of different kinds of nutrients not just straight energy. Once you're out of fat you'd immediately enter starvation and start eating other proteins like muscle, so even if nutrients weren't a problem if we just depleted our fat, we'd be risking our non renewable tissue as well.


Question: What makes an object silver as opposed to white?

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 What makes an object silver as opposed to white?

> Does it have something to do with how much the material scatters the light? Yes: There are two phenomenons at play here: * Very smooth surfaces will reflect light coherently producing sharp reflections while rough surfaces will reflect light in somewhat random directions producing blurry reflections. * Dielectric materials (ie: non metals) will absorb part of the light before re-emitting it in a random direction. This light is remitted uniformly in all directions and in all colors so it produce no reflection and appear uniform. This is called diffusion. (chalk is a good example of a mostly diffuse material) > why do some rough surfaces still look silver? Metals are not diffuse, they only reflect incoming light (creating more or less blurred reflections, depending on roughness), that's what give them their silvery look [Here is an illustration from a computer graphics book]( URL_0 )


Question: Why, when making a caffeinated drink, we use leaves from some plants (with tea or maté) but for coffee we take the berry? Why not coffee leaves or tea berries? Is it the respectively best way to get the most caffeine/flavor or is it just historical?

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 Why, when making a caffeinated drink, we use leaves from some plants (with tea or maté) but for coffee we take the berry? Why not coffee leaves or tea berries? Is it the respectively best way to get the most caffeine/flavor or is it just historical?

Same reason we eat the potato and the apple. Even though one is a root and one is a fruit. It is the 'good' part of the plant. Edit: thanks for all the up votes and awards. Also, many people saying a potato is not a root. In reply I would say that to a 5 year old they are. Edit 2: Maybe people missed the 'GOOD PART OF THE PLANT' part? Plants have many parts, some are good for humans, some are not. Some cactus is amazing, but don't eat the spines.


Question: When you find something in picture (like Waldo), why is it so difficult to un-see it?

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 When you find something in picture (like Waldo), why is it so difficult to un-see it?

The neurology behind this is quite complex, so I will give you the psychological theory for this. If you want the neurology I can try, but it has to do with object regocnition through the visual ventral pathway (or stream), and spatial recognition via the Hippocampus (and many other areas). Psychologically, many people believe the brain strives to understand its surroundings. This, although, is only part of the story. The more accurate description is that the brain wants to PREDICT its surroundings. We would be shocked and fight/flight if a car suddenly started driving on the sidewalk, as we would have predicted a car to drive on the road. If we are on the road however, we might have good control and just jump to the side, as we were expecting it. So when you find Waldo, your brain actively wants to predict this. When you look at a new Waldo puzzle, it is likely one of the first places you will look is the same position on the page as the last one. Second, you might look for the same guy in a coat and a hat that was next to Waldo last time. And so it goes on, this is how and why we learn things. If we burn ourselves on the stove, the brain quickly learns to be careful around the stove, this is the same thing! Additional info, this can lead to something that Kahneman and Tversky (Nobel prize laureates) called heuristics and cognitive bias. Shortcuts for the brain to try and predict things through simplified measures. It's a massively interesting read, and "thinking fast and slow" is a fantastic book.


Question: How do cities decide when and how they are going to plow streets during a snow storm?

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 How do cities decide when and how they are going to plow streets during a snow storm?

Health, safety, security, transit, etc. First the highways and hospitals. Then the main roads. Then the school bus routes. Then once that's all done, they start on residential, working from busiest streets or highway populations to slowest/smallest. When depends on forecast snow. Normally the main roads are constantly addressed while residential may wait for a break in the weather. How? Uh, with snowplows.


Question: How does increased CO2 levels in surrounding air lead to decreased cognitive function of the brain even at 600 ppm?

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 How does increased CO2 levels in surrounding air lead to decreased cognitive function of the brain even at 600 ppm?

Gas diffusion across the cells of the lung depends on concentration differences. The smaller the differences the less gas is exchanged. So the more carbon dioxide in the air you breathe the less is removed from the blood. Effectively, the level of co2 in the blood increases. That's not great, because the more co2 in the blood, the less oxygen binds to haemoglobin. This means less oxygen getting to the brain, and the less oxygen in the brain the worse it is at braining, because oxygen is needed for ATP production (conversion of glucose to usable energy) and ATP is needed to restore action potential after a nerve fires (it's used by the sodium potassium pump). So the brain takes longer to reset after a signal is sent.


Question: How do businesses create sales forecasts/projections?

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 How do businesses create sales forecasts/projections?

If you collect enough data you can project it forward. Like if you sold 10 items every March every year but this year you sold 11 and every june you sold 5 items you could project sales of 5 or 6. The amount of data you have move the projection closer to 5 or 6. Often times it's just what you would like so last years figures with 15% growth added on.


Question: Why do some medicines have to be taken before food and some after?

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 Why do some medicines have to be taken before food and some after?

It's mostly to do with pH of your tummy. Adsorption rates of different drugs in membranes like your tum tum depend on the acid levels which is influenced by food being in their or not. Mr tumkins exudes acid to eat your nom noms and in doing so can inhibit or exacerbate the uptake of medicine into your bloodstream.


Question: Why is it dangerous to run an empty microwave?

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 Why is it dangerous to run an empty microwave?

Without any food to absorb the microwaves and convert them into heat, the waves will bounce around the inside of the microwave for awhile, until there are enough that the microwave itself starts absorbing them. The tray, the door, the walls, etc will all get hot, which isn't really a big deal. However, if you leave it on for a long time, eventually the magnetron (the thing that makes the waves in the first place) will start to heat up, which can damage it. On top of that, if the microwave is poorly designed and is missing some crucial safety features, the magnetron will keep pumping out waves until pieces inside the appliance can literally start to melt or even burst into flame. So if you leave it on long enough to be dangerous, best cast scenario, it shuts itself off and probably voids your warranty. Worst case scenario it starts melting and catches on fire.


Question: How does Google Maps and other GPS calculate my estimated time of arrival?

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 How does Google Maps and other GPS calculate my estimated time of arrival?

It utilizes the phone signal from each device passing by the nearest towers and triangulates them to the closest ride. It it notices there are a lot of connected devices and none are connecting to the next tower then it will assume a traffic jam and average out the time it takes to move from one tower to the next. It does this for the most common and optimal routes to assume a time frame.


Question: why aren't we taught foreign languages the way children learn to speak?

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 why aren't we taught foreign languages the way children learn to speak?

Babies have a unique language ability that's get lost the more we age, I immigrated into another country when I was 3 and I could still learn just by listening (that's why you should raise your kids at least bilingual from the start) laster in life that language learning center slows down and it gets very hard to learn new languages.


Question: Why do temperate fruits have more antioxidants and phytonutrients than tropical fruits?

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 Why do temperate fruits have more antioxidants and phytonutrients than tropical fruits?

I'm not sure if this is really true. Tropical fruits tend to be a bit sweeter so perhaps they're a bit higher in calories and thus have less nutrients per calory. One reason that temperate fruits might have more phytochemicals in them is that they are more affected by fungi (as fungi prefer lower temperatures), and thus need to defend themselves better, which they use these compounds for. Berries in particular suffer a lot from fungi, so they are packed with chemicals to help them resist. Generally speaking though deeper coloured fruits are higher in nutrients (as it's these plant chemicals that that usually give this colour, like beta carotene giving carrots their deep orange colour or lycopene giving tomatoes their deep red colour).


Question: Why have a statute of limitations? Surely if a crime is committed then people should be prosecuted whenever they get caught?

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 Why have a statute of limitations? Surely if a crime is committed then people should be prosecuted whenever they get caught?

Because if an innocent person is accused of a crime, they might have lost all the evidence they need to prove their innocence. Memories degrade, physical evidence gets lost, etf. If I'm innocent of a burglary, and my phone has geodata and text messages proving I wasn't in the area of the burglary... chances are that this data is going to be deleted in a month or two. If I have witnesses that saw me at Location X, then I can't have been at Location Y where the fire occurred. But those witnesses are going to forget things, and they're going to argue different points because of that fault in memory. Ask a dozen people what happened an hour after an event, and you're going to get a dozen different answers if you ask them a year after the event.


Question: For example, you read that the movie cost 50 million dollars, a that it made 100 million in domestic theatre and another 100 worldwide. Usually, who spend the money, and who earned the money?

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 For example, you read that the movie cost 50 million dollars, a that it made 100 million in domestic theatre and another 100 worldwide. Usually, who spend the money, and who earned the money?

Movie studios make it very difficult to find out exactly who is spending what and who is getting paid, it's called 'Hollywood Accounting'. Studios want to hide how profitable their movies are because if they made a deal with the actors or the writer to give them a share of the profits, you want to make it look like the movie didn't profit very much so that you don't have to pay anyone but yourself. It'll also effect how much you pay in taxes so it's better to say that of the $150 million dollars you profited, $70 million went to the marketing company (which you own) and another $50 million went to repaying your investors making the 'actual' profit of the film something like $30 million.


Question: Why are there ebooks that are checked out, and therefore unavailable? Since it is online, couldn't the ebook just be copied and pasted so that the people who want to read the book but are unable to because someone else is reading it don't have to wait for them to finish?

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 Why are there ebooks that are checked out, and therefore unavailable? Since it is online, couldn't the ebook just be copied and pasted so that the people who want to read the book but are unable to because someone else is reading it don't have to wait for them to finish?

There is an old rule about if you own something you can lend it to someone but it has to stay just that one copy. This doesn't violate any sort of copyright. So in the modern age, a library has to buy say 3 copies of whatever Stephen Kings new novel is in a PDF format and can lend up to 3 copies in that format out at a time and avoid legal trouble.


Question: Why do they say that the kitchen sink has more bacteria than your toilet?

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 Why do they say that the kitchen sink has more bacteria than your toilet?

Because ["The meat industry sued the federal government, winning the right to sell food known to be contaminated with food-poisoning bacteria."]( URL_1 ) edit: Why the down vote? Studies find more fecal bacteria in kitchens than in bathrooms precisely because our retail meat contains so much fecal bacteria: [Consumer reports]( URL_3 ):"All 458 pounds of beef we examined contained bacteria that signified fecal contamination (enterococcus and/or nontoxin-producing E. coli)." [J Appl Microbiol. 1998 Nov;85(5):819-28]( URL_0 ). Reduction of faecal coliform, coliform and heterotrophic plate count bacteria in the household kitchen and bathroom by disinfection with hypochlorite cleaners. [Appl Environ Microbiol. 2017 Oct 13. pii: AEM.01902-17. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01902-17]( URL_2 ) [Epub ahead of print] Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Enterococci Isolated from Retail Meats in the United States, 2002-2014: "Enterococci, including Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium, are present in the gut of food-producing animals and are used as a measure of fecal contamination of meat. We used the large, consistent sampling methods of NARMS to assess the prevalence of Enterococcus strains isolated from retail meats, finding over 90% of meats to be contaminated with enterococci."


Question: Why can't a car give more details with a dashboard warning light?

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 Why can't a car give more details with a dashboard warning light?

They can do it if they want. However the car companies makes money to train and certify car mechanics and to provide them with the correct codes. Codes can often change between similar cars and be totally different for the same model with different option packs or with different production dates. It also ensures that the owner takes the car to a licensed workshop which helps reduce problems that comes from untrained mechanics or unoriginal parts.


Question: Can anyone explain that block universe theory?

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 Can anyone explain that block universe theory?

The block universe is a theory about the philosophy of time. It says that all of time - past, present & future - exists equally. It can lead to conclusions ranging from "the future is predetermined" to "the flow of time is just an illusion". The nature of time has been discussed by philosophers at least since Antiquity. The concept of the block universe is historically more well known as 'eternalism'. Opposing viewpoints, such as 'presentism', state instead that only the present exists. In a modern context, eternalism has gained extra credence due to Einstein's theory of relativity, which implies that one person's present can be an other person's arbitrary point in the future, as long as they travel sufficiently fast compared to the speed of light. This is essentially the relativity of time, which has been experimentally verified. What is one person's future, already exists according to another. This logically implies that all of time already needs to exist, leading to the idea of the block universe where spacetime is an 'unchanging' block; where all of space and time exist equally.


Question: What's the point of declassifying formerly classified information/footage?

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 What's the point of declassifying formerly classified information/footage?

To set the historical record strait, to give credit where it's due, and to justify past actions. Over time, classified information stops being relevant, and so there's no reason to keep it secret. Once it's released it can exonerate people who were unfairly prosecuted or maligned, honor the work of people who accomplished great things, or correct false assumptions about history. However, it can take decades to declassify information because you need to ensure that none of the people even remotely related to sensitive or controversial operations are still alive. You have to do so because the families and close friends of spies or government agents can and will be persecuted by people for their part in certain operations. For example, there are still some redacted pages from documents about the Bay of Pigs operation, a failed US sponsored invasion of Cuba, even though it happened in the 1960s. Of all the possible reasons for that, one could be that some of the people who participate in the invasion still have living family members who would be imprisoned or killed by the Castro regime for their part in the operation. So, there are plenty of reasons to declassify something, but it often takes decades because of the possible effect on the lives of those involved.


Question: How come fair skinned people have harder time getting a tan? Can they even get a tan?

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 How come fair skinned people have harder time getting a tan? Can they even get a tan?

A tan is basicaly the skin's response to damage done by the sun, by increasing melanin. Since lighter skinned people naturaly have less melanin, it is harder for them to produce more. They can get a tan, but that tan will be lighter than a naturaly darker person's tan. It is also not a good idea to try and "force" a tan, since the chances of getting sunburnt (and possibly worse) are high


Question: What happens to muscle when you don't work out for a long period of six months or more?

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 What happens to muscle when you don't work out for a long period of six months or more?

Muscle never, ever, ever turns directly into fat under any circumstance. Muscle fibers demand. Lot of calories to keep up (take a look at The Rock's diet sometime), and working out basically proves that that level of muscle is required. It "justifies" the caloric expense, so to speak. When you stop working out long enough, the justification is gone, and your body stops using the calories to build or keep up the muscle fibers, and they shrink to a size more appropriate for your level of exercise. If you keep eating like you did when you were working out, and you have more calories going in than being used, then your body stores it as fat instead of directing it towards muscle.


Question: What drives us to facepalm/touch our heads when something we wanted to turn out good has a negative outcome? For instance, when our favorite team misses a penalty kick.

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 What drives us to facepalm/touch our heads when something we wanted to turn out good has a negative outcome? For instance, when our favorite team misses a penalty kick.

Hand gestures are really a powerful aspect of communication. Gesture is really linked to speech, and gesturing while you talk can really power up your thinking. A brain region known as the Broca’s area is at least partly responsible for this. It’s connected to speech production, but is also active when we wave our hands.


Question: Why are Skillshare, Squarespace and Audible such common sponsors in youtube videos?

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 Why are Skillshare, Squarespace and Audible such common sponsors in youtube videos?

It's not really to do with the fact that they pay a lot, they just have low sponsorship requirements and the services they offer are of broad appeal and not targeted at a certain audience. It's really just dependent on what channels you watch. Gaming channels tend to get sponsored by KontrolFreek or Astro or Elgato and the like.


Question: How does one juice a prune? If prunes are just dehydrated plums, shouldn't prune juice just be plum juice?

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 How does one juice a prune? If prunes are just dehydrated plums, shouldn't prune juice just be plum juice?

Prunes and plums are the same fruit; the former is a dried version of the latter (like you say). The plums used for drying are called "prunes" (pre-dehydrating) because their pits are easy to remove. In the US, the Food and Drug Administration requires that the fruit be called "dried plums" not "prunes." Since you can't have "dried plum juice" (that is a contradiction of terms), it can be called prune juice. However, the juice comes from a pre-dried plum (called they "prune" variety).


Question: Why do we have a compulsion to read or otherwise distract ourselves while sitting on the toilet?

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 Why do we have a compulsion to read or otherwise distract ourselves while sitting on the toilet?

In of itself going to the bathroom is a boring activity. Ya just sit there waiting for whatever to pass through you. It's a quiet solitary activity. And it's great. For a lot of people it's the only times of day where they can be alone and take a breather. Where they can read, look at a video etc. there's also the fact that we've be conditioned to constantly be doing something. In short. Pooping boring. Internet and reading make it less boring.


Question: Why do Mount Everest Climbers not go/climb around the Khumbu Icefall?

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 Why do Mount Everest Climbers not go/climb around the Khumbu Icefall?

Plenty of climbers do - anyone who takes the [North Col Route]( URL_0 ) avoids the Icefall entirely. The main troubles with that route are that it's longer and more difficult, and that it starts on the Tibetan side of the mountain, which was closed to foreigners for decades. I'm not actually sure how easy it is to get into Tibet nowadays. So for those reasons, the South Col route is the better-known and more well-traveled. The Icefall is dangerous, but it's really the best and easiest way up the mountain from that side, so climbers just have to take precautions to make it as safe as possible.


Question: What stops someone from artificially inflating their net worth by creating or commissioning someone to make them a piece of art and then valuing that piece at X amount? Who gets to put a hard value on art?

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 What stops someone from artificially inflating their net worth by creating or commissioning someone to make them a piece of art and then valuing that piece at X amount? Who gets to put a hard value on art?

Depending on some details your example could roughly describe a few different, totally legitimate ways to make a profit. Maybe this artist wanted to make this piece, but they couldn't/wouldn't without financial backing, but as part of the deal for funding their project you own or partially own the result so you can turn around and sell it for your own profit? That's venture capitalism. Maybe the art is already being sold, but you have way better connections to people who would pay more for it, so you buy some and re-sell it at a markup? That's scalping. Maybe you negotiate a deal with the artist, offer them a *huge* volume sale in exchange for a bulk discount, and then turn around and sell it above the price you paid for it to make a profit? That's wholesale. Really, this "buy low, find a new buyer, sell high" trick happens all over. If you can commission an artist to doodle something for you for $20 and then successfully convince an art collector to buy it off you for $20mil, great. Literally nothing is preventing you. You just probably won't find a trade with such a remarkable margin because buyers and sellers usually aren't stupid and tend to have ballpark similar ideas of what the things they trade are worth.


Question: Not sure howthis can get, but how is that two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen combine into something (water) that's heavier than air even though they're lighter than air separately?

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 Not sure howthis can get, but how is that two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen combine into something (water) that's heavier than air even though they're lighter than air separately?

> water is heavier than air Oh but that's the typical riddle: which one is **heavier**, 1 Kg of water or 1 Kg of air? Answer: naturally, they weight exactly the same, 1Kg. What to want to look at is not the *weight* but the weight *per unity of volume*. While it's true that one molecule of water (H2O) is lighter than one molecule of oxigen (O2), 1 meter cube of liquid waters packs way more water molecules than there are air molecules (oxigen and others) in 1 meter cube of air. That's because in air there's much more empty space between molecules, as it's typically the case with any gas. This makes the cubic meter of air much much lighter than the cubic meter of water.


Question: how we are able to remember that we've forgot something, but not remember what we've actually forgot?

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 how we are able to remember that we've forgot something, but not remember what we've actually forgot?

You may give yourself a cue to remember something. The cue itself is a separate memory. You may have mentally concentrated more on the cue so you wouldn't forget, than you did on the thing you were trying to remember. Example: you have laundry in the washer, and you decide to get started on mowing the yard, but tell yourself to remember to go back in the house and move the laundry into the dryer after you run the lawnmower through one tank of gas. Several times as you mow, you think ahead to how much mowing you have left to do, and each time you do, the thought goes through your head that the first time you run out of gas, you must attend another task, and the first step of that task being to go back into the house, that's the part that crosses your mind, and it gets more fixed in your memory. Finally, you do run out of gas, you go back into the house, and... you can't recall what it was you were going to do when you got there.


Question: - Why are some LEDs unsuitable for use with dimmers?

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</answer>
 - Why are some LEDs unsuitable for use with dimmers?

Dimmer switches don't work by changing resistance. They essentially work by PWM, chopping the voltage on and off. And the PWM frequency is quite low because it's synced to the mains frequency st 60Hz which makes the electronics super cheap to make. The thing with LED lights is that they respond very quickly to changes in voltage. AC power runs at 60Hz so in order to not have a 60Hz blinking LED the voltage needs smoothed out. Generally one does this with a rectifier (turns ac to dc) and a capacitor filter. Unfortunately this also tends to render dimmer switches useless for a basic LED light. Dimmable LED lights have some smarts built in that look at the incoming voltage, determine if it's being dimmed, then adjust the brightness of the LED output. Using a non dimmable led bulb can have any number of results from flickering, just staying off, to being damaged.


Question: I understand very little about stocks so I am probably getting terms wrong. So T-Mobile and Sprint have just merged and I want to know what would happen if you previously owned 5 stocks in TMobile and 5 in Sprint. How much of the "head" company would you own in shares?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
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 I understand very little about stocks so I am probably getting terms wrong. So T-Mobile and Sprint have just merged and I want to know what would happen if you previously owned 5 stocks in TMobile and 5 in Sprint. How much of the "head" company would you own in shares?

I am not familiar with the specifics of this deal, but one of two things (or a combination of the two) typically happens: - The purchasing company announces that all outstanding shares of the purchased company will be bought at $X/share. On the date of acquisition, all of the outstanding shares are bought for this price, regardless of whether or not the individual shareholder wishes to sell. - The purchasing company offers shares of their own stock in exchange for the shares of the purchased company. The ratio varies, but is disclosed well before hand. In both cases, the offers are put to either the board or the shareholders themselves for a vote (per the bylaws of the company being purchased). If the vote passes, it is binding on all shareholders.


Question: Why does plastic get so much easier to tear when it has the slightest cut in it?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does plastic get so much easier to tear when it has the slightest cut in it?

Because that cut gives the stress your putting in the plastic a focal point. Whenever you push or pull on a uniform piece of material, it reacts pretty uniformly, but whenever this is some kind of break or difference or discontinuity, it can alter how the material reacts to stress causing it to have kind of a magnifying effect. For plastic, which at the molecular level is made up of long chains of hydrocarbons, but put simply just long chains. Which you pull it apart all at once, it’s like you’re distributing the load across all those chains, but when there’s already a break and you start at the break, instead of pulling on all chains at once trying to snap them all, it’s like pulling on each chain on at a time, breaking them one by one.


Question: How can diamond be cut if its the hardest material?

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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
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 How can diamond be cut if its the hardest material?

Diamond have the highest hardness but have low toughness. Hardness is how hart it is to scratch the surface of the diamond and you cant scratch it with steel. Toughness if how good it is to breakage from forceful impact . It has less toughness then steel. So if you place a diamond on a anvil and smash it with a hammer it will shatter. So you can cleave diamond with a metallic blade and a wooden mallet like in this video [ URL_1 ]( URL_1 ) You cut diamond by gluing diamond fragments on the edge rotating disk or some wire.You can grind the surface by putting diamond fragment on the flat side of a rotating disk . So you cut and grind diamonds with other diamonds and both will consumed and reduced to smaller parts. A video of more of the process [ URL_0 ]( URL_0 )


Question: What causes that delay on cellphone that you hear sometimes where you hear your own voice back a second or 2 later and how can that happen if your voice isn't being recorded and played back?

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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 What causes that delay on cellphone that you hear sometimes where you hear your own voice back a second or 2 later and how can that happen if your voice isn't being recorded and played back?

Basically, lag and feedback. You talk, and because it has to travel to the other person's phone via a complicated series of telecommunications systems, it takes a second for the sound to come out of their phone. Then, the noise travels from the listening end of their phone to the speaking end, then it takes another second to get back to you. Your voice isn't 'recorded', it's more like an echo.


Question: How do companies ultimately profit from promotions that essentially give away normal stock at huge discounts?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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</answer>
 How do companies ultimately profit from promotions that essentially give away normal stock at huge discounts?

Usually the stock that they're giving away is stock they can't move/sell normally. If if its sitting there on the shelf not selling they might as well get rid of it. 1) it takes up shelf space from a book that might sell better 2) it saves them the cost of figuring out what to do with it (disposal fees on a few thousand books ain't cheap - you could be talking a dumpster. This way, you do all the work and its FREE!). Lastly, you now remember the store and how that one time you got some good books for nearly free and maybe you'll come back one day and buy some real books. Oh and hey maybe you'll mention the store on a social media site like Reddit and voila free advertising.


Question: How do we know if a species is really extinct, like have we checked everywhere?

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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do we know if a species is really extinct, like have we checked everywhere?

Haha I love the wording of the question, like ‘have we checked under the sofa’. But yeh it’s a good question! And the answer is no we don’t know for sure, and there have been times in the past where we’ve declared a species extinct only to find it thriving somewhere. The more we know about the animal though the more certain we can be about our evaluation, if we know it only resides in certain habitats, or can only survive in certain places etc, but yeh animals surprise us all the time so can never be sure. As a side note we don’t even know how many species exist, we only know there’s a lot we don’t know about, we haven’t checked everywhere by a long long way.


Question: Why is the middle lane on the freeway considered the safest?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is the middle lane on the freeway considered the safest?

You can switch to right or left lane if you have to. For example, When you are in the left lane, you only have 1 option which is to go middle lane. If there is a problem, and you are in middle, you can cross to right or left, depending on which is easier.


Question: Why do peppers make people sweat?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do peppers make people sweat?

OH I KNOW THIS IS ONE!!! It's cuz while yes capsaicin in the pepper triggers the feeling of burning in your mouth it's actually all your bodies fault! Your body interprets the burning sensation of the capsaicin by thinking you're actually on fire, so it reacts with the same triggers as if you were on or near fire. Sweat to try to cool you off, endorphins and all kinds of chemicals to dull the pain so you can escape and tears because of smoke.


Question: Why does a covered pot boil-over but as soon as you take the lid off, the bubbles and froth recede?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does a covered pot boil-over but as soon as you take the lid off, the bubbles and froth recede?

Boiling liquid is creating steam and the lid keeps it from escaping very quickly. So pressure builds. Think of a water balloon. As you fill it the water has nowhere to go so it expands the balloon. (The pot can't expand like a balloon but it still builds pressure inside). As soon as you let the balloon off the faucet the water shoots out and the balloon shrinks because the water wants to move from a high pressure area to a low pressure area until it finds equilibrium.


Question: Why are microscopic images not able to be captured in colour?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why are microscopic images not able to be captured in colour?

It depends on how microscopic you're talking. If you're working at up to 500x, colour is definitely possible. But if you're talking electron microscope levels, it's to do with the wavelength of the visible light spectrum. When you get below a certain magnification level, the only way you can capture an image is by using a sensor to capture electrons being "bounced" off a surface (scanning electron microscope) or "allowed through" a substance (transmission electron microscope). This is because visible light, even at the tightest wavelength, is around 200 nanometres (around 2000x). This is far too large to be captured by a sensor that is attempting to see structures at 50 picometres (around 10,000,000x).


Question: how come in movies when the cameraman is filming the actor looking in the mirror, you can't see the camera even if the camera should logically be reflected in the mirror?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 how come in movies when the cameraman is filming the actor looking in the mirror, you can't see the camera even if the camera should logically be reflected in the mirror?

It's a little known fact, but there are a group of vampires in hollywood who are recruited a bit like stunt doubles but for cameramen when they need to film scenes about mirrors. There are also several alternate techniques that people who don't believe in vampires usually employ. First and by far the most common, the director takes advantage of the angle of reflection. Light reflects off a mirror in the same way a tennis ball bounces off a wall - that is, it only comes straight back at you if it hits perpendicular to the wall. For something to be seen in a mirror, light first needs to bounce off the object (in this case the cameraman), then bounce off the mirror straight back into the camera. When the camera is off to the side though, the light bounces in the opposite angle, so the camera doesn't see the camera in the mirror. This is why most mirror scenes are filmed at an angle, rather than directly behind the actor in question. Secondly, you can not have a reflection at all, and construct the entire reflected scene in CGI. Thirdly, a technique done in Terminator when they wanted to do a panning shot around a mirror. They used a wall of glass instead of a mirror, put the actors in a duplicate of the set on the other side of the mirror then used dummies on the "real" side.


Question: Can someone please help me understand why the International Energy Agency as well as the authors of these articles want the future price of oil to be higher?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Can someone please help me understand why the International Energy Agency as well as the authors of these articles want the future price of oil to be higher?

They don't want oil prices to fluctuate as widely as they have been fluctuating lately. They want oil futures to be an industrial commodity, not some casino gambling game. That means they need to be at a stable level that will pay to cover production, closer to the longer term averages than they have been lately.


Question: Why do we sometimes feel so down/depressed after an orgasm?

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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do we sometimes feel so down/depressed after an orgasm?

This is a somewhat common thing. Basically, after orgasm, your body releases a hormone (prolactin) to counteract all the dopamine it was dumping into your system during sex (dopamine causes arousal, but also makes you feel happy). So in its attempt to get you to calm down and stop having sex already, sometimes it goes overboard and makes you depressed instead.