Question: Why should I care that Google and other tech giants have my data?

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 Why should I care that Google and other tech giants have my data?

Because you have almost no say in what Google does with it. Sure, it might might OK if they sell it to a company who uses it to show you ads for things you actually like or want. But what if Google were to sell your website browsing info to your health insurance company? Say you were looking up a place to go skydiving, and your insurance company saw that and decided you were a high-risk individual to justify raising your premiums? Or what if your mortgage company obtained data that showed you were looking for a new job, and similarly decided you were a risk and raised your rates? The controversy about data harvesting is that we *don't know* what's being done with our sensitive personal data- the process is immensely opaque- and the potential harm from having your personal data out there for the highest bidder can't really be estimated yet.


Question: Seeing as I just got my first snowfall of the year, what makes snow stick more or less to different surfaces?

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 Seeing as I just got my first snowfall of the year, what makes snow stick more or less to different surfaces?

The temperature of said surface. Streets that are more driven stay warmer due to the tires of cars producing heat with the friction against the road. Bridges keep snow/ice longer due to the fact they are completely surrounded by cold air (despite the fact they may be busy roads). The ground temperature also plays a part to how long snow sticks around.


Question: What exactly is turbo lag?

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 What exactly is turbo lag?

It’s easiest if you think about a turbo in two halves: the turbine side and the impeller side. A turbo works by forcing the exhaust coming out of the engine to spin a turbine that sits after the exhaust manifold which is connected to an impeller that drives air into the engine before the intake manifold, increasing the air pressure within the cylinders and allowing for more fuel to burned (and consequently more energy to be created through combustion). That turbine has a mass, and anything with a mass has inertia (meaning it takes energy to make it accelerate). When an engine is running at relatively low power, the amount of exhaust being dumped out of the exhaust manifold is relatively low, and as a result the turbine isn’t spinning very quickly. When you step on the gas, the engine picks up speed and as a result more exhaust gases are blown through the exhaust manifold and across the blades of the turbine, accelerating it. While the turbine is accelerating, the impeller is also accelerating because the two are tied together, which in turn forces more air into the engine on each intake stroke. It takes time for the turbo to spin fast enough to increase the pressure sufficiently to have an effect on the power generated by the engine. This time spent spooling up the turbo is what’s referred to as turbo lag.


Question: How do companies not run out of stocks?

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 How do companies not run out of stocks?

You're asking a wrong question, sorta When a company goes public, ALL (*some exceptions) of its stock is public to be bought or sold. Any owner of any individual share can choose what to do with their share, they could sell it or not. That is, all shares of public company are always "taken" to use your language. Really it means that the company is 100% owned by its owners, that is all shares are owned. So yes, thats all the stock thats out there! Thats it. OK, but not really, technically at any point a company can issue more shares and this is common. The most common thing is for giving stock grants to employees, instead of buying shares on the open market to give to employees, they just issue them new shares. And yes, the stock price of the company will be effected by this. the overall value of the company didn't change, so with more stock in the market, then each share is worth a little less.


Question: is person mind really divided to conscious and subconscious or is this division made for convenience to discrube some psychological phenomena ?is there other psychologicsl model which does not make this division?

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 is person mind really divided to conscious and subconscious or is this division made for convenience to discrube some psychological phenomena ?is there other psychologicsl model which does not make this division?

Part of your mind controls your heart beat. But your are not consciously aware of it. Part of you mind also controls your breathing. You probably were not consciously aware of your breathing, although reading this you might be now. In 10 minutes you won't be conscious of your breathing. As I am typing now, I am consciously aware of the message I am trying to communicate. but I am NOT consciously aware of the individual movements that each one of my fingers is making. I can watch my fingers and be amazed at how they are jumping around and dancing like crazy. So there definitely are conscious and unconscious thoughts. Sometimes these different processes are isolated to different physical places in the brain. I think we can find the part of the brain that controls your hear rate. but generally there isn't a physical part that is conscious and a physical part that is sub conscious. The division there is a logical one. Its not about physical parts of the brain but a logical grouping. we also are not sure how serious the sub conscious really was. Freud thought it was nearly magical. But lots of his work has been dis-proven by more modern developments. It might be that besides basic functions like your heart, any though can become a conscious though.


Question: Dictators and why people see to blindly believe in them?

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 Dictators and why people see to blindly believe in them?

The simple answer is that by the time someone can be called a dictator, they've taken over the media, silence dissidents, censored the internet, murdered/jailed the opposition party and control information to the point that an alternative to the narrative doesn't really exist. Especially when so many people are just busy and tired. If you work 2 stressful jobs and have a spouse and 3 kids to support/raise, you don't have the mental or physical energy to deeply research whatever's in the newspaper/tv/radio.


Question: How does peoples personal lives affect the global market? E.g. Bill Gates divorce

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 How does peoples personal lives affect the global market? E.g. Bill Gates divorce

The main reason is because they jointly run a massive philanthropic network. The implications of their divorce on the finances of that network (and on global philanthropy as a whole) would be significant, which is why they put out a joint statement indicating that they would continue running it together despite their divorce. It's not as if their divorce itself would send markets into turmoil, it's the business implications of said divorce.


Question: What are the 22 states of matter?

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 What are the 22 states of matter?

TLDR: Its all subjective based on how scientists want to group things by properties but in daily life only the classical states matter: Solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. A "state" of matter is a condition of being where a set of things in that state have a uniform set of properties, and that set is generally distinct from other states of matter. The 4 most common state of matter demonstrate this in most simple way. All other states are far less common though some are important in celestial objects or other extreme environments. *Classical States* **Solid**: A set of atoms or molecules who maintain a constant volume and constant shape governed by the electromagnetic interaction between them via chemical bonding is considered a solid. Pretty understandably, all the planets and rocky bodies are solid as well as the cores of gas giants under extreme pressures. **Liquid**: A set of atoms or molecules with constant volume but are able to reshape freely without decreasing density, again interactions governed by the electromagnetic force. **Gas**: A set of atoms or molecules (un-charged & un-ionized)with neither constant shape nor volume where each particle only interacts with others by direct electromagnetic coulomb interaction (bumping into each other). After plasma, probably the second most common state of matter in the universe, forming the interstellar medium, nebulae, and gas clouds which are precursors to stars and solar systems **Plasma**: Same as a gas, only so hot that electrons are stripped from atomic nuclei and free to move on their own. Particles can interact over much longer ranges via the electromagnetic interaction since they are charged particles. The sun and other stars are made out of plasma, probably the most common state of matter in the universe. *Exotic Matter* **Neutron Degenerate Matter**: When some stars die, the pressure of the collapsing gas and resulting supernova can become so extreme electrons are crushed into the atomic nuclei they normally surround, combining protons and electrons into neutrons. Since normal matter is 99.9% empty space (the nucleus of atoms is tiny compared to the space the electrons orbit), when a cluster of matter is only neutrons it can become far denser than a normal solid. A cubic centimeter of neutron matter has the mass of several thousand metric tons. A force called neutron degeneracy pressure prevents the neutrons from collapsing further leaving it stable as neutron stars for a very long time. **Bose Einstein Condensate**: This one is pretty much only found in laboratories. If you cool a cloud of gas particles very-very cold, near the coldest anything can be, strange things begin to occur. The cloud takes on the behavior of single giant (compared to a single atom or electron) quantum particle. Scientists use these to study quantum effects on slightly larger easier to observe scales. **Time Crystals**: Another one only found in either laboratories or only in mathematical theories, don't totally remember. In conventional solids that have a crystalline structure, there is an order or pattern of form that repeats over 3D space, an atom here-then a gap-then another etc. Time crystals have a pattern of form that repeats over time instead meaning they oscillate or move between states or forms with some regularity, even when there is no energy in the system. ...etc... States of matter are also subjective since there are states that blur the lines. A super-critical fluid is somewhere between a gas and a liquid, non-newtonian fluids are somewhere between a gas and a solid. Even within a state, scientists can subdivide if it help with theories or research such as crystalline solids like quartz with repeating patters vs amorphous solids like glass with no clear arrangement.


Question: Why does over sleeping makr you feel "hungover"?

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 Why does over sleeping makr you feel "hungover"?

ELI5 answer: You just effectively gave yourself jet lag and probably had low blood sugar when you woke up because you hadn't eaten for at least 10 hours. ELIHighschoolStudent answer: -Sleep [occurs in cycles]( URL_0 ). If you've been up for a long period of time you'll still only get a few deep sleep cycles which means you can still have a sleep deficit even if you just slept for 10 hours. -Your body has what's known as a circadian rhythm. It's what makes you wake up in the morning so you can hunt/gather and get tired at night so you can sleep and recover. Staying up into your primary window of circadian low (WoCL) which occurs in the early AM hours tends to mess with that system causing you to be tired/energetic at random times until it can reset itself. -When you woke up you hadn't eaten in at least 10 hours. Probably longer depending on what you did last night. Your blood sugar levels were probably pretty low making you feel lethargic. Of course once you did eat the insulin reaction in your body made you feel tired again (post lunch slump).


Question: Why is American candy packaging so much thicker than in other countries?

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 Why is American candy packaging so much thicker than in other countries?

Americans have more money than people from most other countries so they’re fine paying the extra few cents for the packaging. And for developed countries, America has lax environmental regulation so you can use thicker material to make your product look better than others. Funny thing happened because of this, though with chips. The CIA once placed cell phones in potato chip bags (since the metal on the inside scrambles signals) to stop them being tracked. In Italy, though, investigators found evidence of covert ops since the bags in Italy are too thin to provide good enough shielding.


Question: Are there certain foods you can't be allergic to?

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 Are there certain foods you can't be allergic to?

(EDIT: The vast, vast majority of) Allergies are triggered by an inappropriate immune system response to specific proteins. So, one cannot (EDIT: In the vast, vast majority of cases) be allergic to pure water, pure salt, pure sugar, pure fat, pure sand, oxygen, etc. Naturally, nothing handled by humans is going to be pure; there are always going to be impurities. If you have an allergy, you have a threshold (however low) below which your allergies won't be triggered. This is why most people with peanut allergies can consume *refined* peanut oil without problems -- it's all fat (or, close enough to all fat for all intents and purposes). But fancier, cold-pressed peanut oils cause problems because they leave a lot of the protein behind.


Question: Why are people donating money to help California after the wildfires? Shouldn't peoples' home insurance take care of that for them?

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 Why are people donating money to help California after the wildfires? Shouldn't peoples' home insurance take care of that for them?

Insurance Companies will pay for repairs but in the meantime you still need a place to stay and food to eat. Perhaps your place of employment was burned down too. Having said that, I almost never give to disaster relief efforts as the scammers and skimmers come out in full force and the money doesn’t get to where it’s needed


Question: if almost all industries are inversely related with the oil industry (if the price of oil drops, then things become cheaper to produce), why is the economy so reliant on having a high price for oil?

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 if almost all industries are inversely related with the oil industry (if the price of oil drops, then things become cheaper to produce), why is the economy so reliant on having a high price for oil?

Well, it's not. The economy as a whole does better when oil is low and does worse when oil is high. However, the oil industry itself does terrible when oil is low and well when oil is high. So local areas that have a lot of oil jobs (the gulf coast, fracking towns in the Great Plains, etc.) tend to swing in the opposite direction as the economy as a whole.


Question: Why do video game console makers lose money from consoles regardless of success and popularity?

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 Why do video game console makers lose money from consoles regardless of success and popularity?

Because consoles are almost always sold at a loss. Making and marketing a home video game console is pretty damn expensive, and nobody expects to actually make a profit on the console. The point of the console is to get you into their game/media environment. Because games are basically all profit for the console manufacturers.


Question: Why does the earth's rotation affect a pendulum, but not anything else that hovers above the ground?

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 Why does the earth's rotation affect a pendulum, but not anything else that hovers above the ground?

The *Coriolis effect* happens when you're on a rotating surface and you change your distance from the center of rotation. It's easiest to explain if you think about standing on a merry-go-round. All the horses on the merry-go-round make one full rotation in the same amount of time. But the horses farther from the center have a longer distance to travel in that same amount of time. So they're moving faster than the horses near the center. What if you try to jump from one horse to another? If you're on a horse near the center and you jump outwards, you're jumping from a slower horse to a faster horse. As you jump outwards, you're moving with the same speed as the slower horse was (because of inertia), but suddenly you're in a zone of faster horses. The horse you were trying to jump onto is moving faster than you are, so it outpaces you and you fall on the floor behind it. In other words, moving outwards from the center of rotation causes you to drift backwards, from the point of view of the rotating merry-go-round. The opposite happens if you jump from one of the outer horses inwards - you're moving faster than the horse you're aiming at, so you drift forwards. The same thing happens on Earth's surface. The North and South Poles are at the axis of rotation, so they have no lateral speed. But the Equator is moving at over 1000mph. So as you move from one of the Poles toward the Equator, you will drift "backwards" with respect to Earth's rotation (i.e. westward). If you're moving from the Equator toward one of the Poles, you'll drift "forwards" (eastward). This affects any floating object to some extent. But it's a very small effect - you only see it with things that are really really big (like ocean currents) or really really fast (like long-range artillery).


Question: Why is seawater so hard to convert into drinkable water?

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 Why is seawater so hard to convert into drinkable water?

It's just hard to do it cheaply. A lot of people think that membranes are the way to go because membranes can let water pass but stop other stuff. But you got to push the water through the membrane and that takes pressure which takes energy. But who knows, maybe someone will think of a cheaper way of doing it.


Question: How does a GPU converts data to a picture/ graphic on the screen?

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 How does a GPU converts data to a picture/ graphic on the screen?

Picture on screen is also data, just several numbers for each pixel on the screen specifying which color it should be. GPU just builds that array by doing some math to determine which parts of 3D models you should see, and how their color is changed by light effects and so on.


Question: Why does 1% battery life last longer than any other percent?

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 Why does 1% battery life last longer than any other percent?

The battery life indicator on a device is indicative only. Modern devices take a particularly active approach to battery management. In order to maximise battery life, a device migh fast charge the battery up to 100% when it's first plugged in, then allow it discharge down to 85% while still plugged in, then alternate between periods of fast charging, trickle charging and discharging until the device is unplugged. This means that at any point when it's plugged in, the actual charge in the battery could be anywhere from 85% to 100%. Importantly though, the battery display sits on 100% the whole time because the device doesn't think you need to know about all the fiddling around it is doing. When you unplug the device, it fairly quickly (but not too quickly) reduces the battery percentage to something closer to it's actual value. It's usually not so fast that you notice it, but sometimes when you unplug the device, you'll see it half an hour later at 90%, while other times it will be at 98% after the same time. This is sometimes because the battery may not have been fully charged when you unplugged it, even though it said 100%. Which is all a long way of saying, the same thing happens at the low end also. As the battery gets low, the device might start showing a percentage lower than what actually remains as a subtle hint to you that you should plug it in. But when it comes right down to it, the device will stay on as long as it can (possibly using a low power mode) once the battery is really truly about to die. This means a device might show 2% when the actual amount left is 7%. It'll show 1% when there's still 6%, but as it drops to 5%, the display doesn't go to 0%, then -1%. It just keeps showing 1% as long as there is some battery charge left, until it honestly truly runs out of charge and dies.


Question: Why is it preferable to have illegally obtained evidence thrown out of court as opposed to keeping it and prosecuting the one who obtained it?

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 Why is it preferable to have illegally obtained evidence thrown out of court as opposed to keeping it and prosecuting the one who obtained it?

The Supreme Court discusses this rationale in every exclusionary case. The first thing to keep in mind is that the Constitution does not require an exclusionary rule. But for the 4th Amendment to have any value it must have some remedy or mechanism of enforcement. Suing the officials for an illegal search is always an option. But the cards are stacked against the defendant, who is probably already busy defending himself in a criminal trial. Further, agents of the state are a big target to take on for a private individual. If private citizens are left with the sole burden of enforcing an important Constitutional right, that right may effectively disappear. The alternative, and the one the Court considered most likely to deter illegal searches, is to cut off the reward. An illegal search practice = inadmissible. BUT, since the Constitution does not require the exclusionary rule, and since it more often than not lets a guilty person go when applied, the rule is only to be applied when the deterrent effect outweighs the cost to society. Therefore, in a case where, for example, an officer made a legitimate mistake of law, or a clerical error prompted him to act in a way that turned out illegal, the exclusionary rule has little deterrent effect and the evidence should be admitted.


Question: Bio/Organic Chemists:Can you identify whether a particular organic is edible (fat/protein/carb), a drug, a poison, or not edible (ex: byproduct of crude oil)?

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 Bio/Organic Chemists:Can you identify whether a particular organic is edible (fat/protein/carb), a drug, a poison, or not edible (ex: byproduct of crude oil)?

In general, simple crude oil derivatives are long, straight chain carbon chains with just hydrogen attached. For example, butane (like in camping gas) is 4 carbons with 10 hydrogens around it. A heavier, longer carbon chain of 8 carbons (octane) is a liquid. The longer the chain, the stronger the interaction between each chain and so it follows gas > liquid > solid. Now as for proteins, they're made up of amino acids, which are small carbon chains with an amine group (NH2) on one end and a carboxylic acid (COOH) on the other. These have various side chains that make 20/21 separate amino acids. These link together through peptide bonds (amine + carboxylic acid) to form long, curling, complicated structures called proteins. Fats , or lipids, are generally harder to classify, but they will have long, long chains of carbons attached to some head group. As with crude oil, the longer the chain the more viscous the fat - unsaturated fats (with double bonds causing the chains to bend) cannot stack together as well as saturated chains, so do not have as strong interactions and so are less likely to build up and clog your arteries (in very simple terms). As for poisons and drugs, that's a lot harder. They will be cyclic (have ring structures) but they vary massively. There is usually a functional group that will attach to whatever needs to be affected by the molecule, and contain nitrogen, sulphur or a few other natural elements. They could have amine, alcohol (OH), methyl (CH3) or aldehyde (COH) groups. If you google pictures of LSD, morphine or epinephrine (adrenaline) , you can see the similarities. It's also worth noting that a lot of poisons are proteins (like ricin) or bacteria (like anthrax) or salts of elements (like arsenic) rather than single molecules.


Question: why do we get night sweats when we are suppose to have our lowest body temp when asleep?

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 why do we get night sweats when we are suppose to have our lowest body temp when asleep?

It’s very important to distinguish between night sweats (ie spontaneously sweating while you sleep) and sweating at night because you’re in a squishy bed under blankets and have warmed up. Spontaneously sweating at night when the temperature wouldn’t normally make you do so can be a sign of a medical problem. Get it checked out. As for nightmares, your body revs up the same as it would if you were under threat in real life so sweating is a normal reaction to the adrenaline.


Question: what is the difference between white meat and dark meat in a chicken?

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 what is the difference between white meat and dark meat in a chicken?

Breast is white because the fuel for these muscle fibers comes primarily from a carbohydrate called glycogen and doesn’t require as much oxygen from the blood. Glycogen is useful for short bursts of activity. Dark meat get their fuel primarily from fat, which provides a more sustainable energy (for the prolonged activity of standing, walking, and running). Dark meat is made dark by two proteins involved in the process of converting the fat into energy for the muscles. Basically a chicken uses its leg and thigh muscles a lot more than its breast muscles.


Question: Why does a foot massage feel better when someone else does it than when you do it yourself?

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 Why does a foot massage feel better when someone else does it than when you do it yourself?

When parts of your body touch other parts (which they do all the time) the brain lowers the sensation it provides. This is because else we would tickle ourselves all the time just by moving our body. So if someone else does it you can actually feel it more than if you do it yourself. There's also the emotional difference (contact with another human, often with someone you like) and the fact that you can lay back and relax while someone else does the work.


Question: When should bitwise operators be used?

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 When should bitwise operators be used?

Bitwise operators allow you to manipulate the values of individual bits in a word. It is useful when you're working with limited memory (typically because of simple hardware) because you can then pack 8 values in a single byte instead of using 8 booleans (which costs 8 bytes, because in many languages, a boolean is implemented using 1 byte).


Question: What the heck is Poe’s Law?

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 What the heck is Poe’s Law?

It's a notation made by Nathan Poe made in a forum about when is it possible to tell a difference between mocking and sincere words one told. Say I tell you "Don't forget to check if you got autism from the vaccines you took last month." That's hypothetical, of course, I have no idea what you took or didn't take. Anyway, you, knowing next to nothing about me and my views, have no way of telling whether I really mean it or I am mocking anti-vaxers. From the context you might take it as a joke but there will be others who won't. That fact is stated in Poe's law as "...it is impossible to create a parody of extreme views so obviously exaggerated that it cannot be mistaken by some readers as a sincere expression of the parodied views" But, if I add something like lol or :DDD or any other indication of laughter in the text, for example "Don't forget to check if you got autism from the vaccines you took last month :DDD" it is obvious that I intend this as a joke. Therefore, here comes the first part of Poe's law "without a clear indicator of the author's intent...". To apply that to your own experience, you must've seen posts which were intended as a joke but some people replied to them seriously. I've seen one in Rick and Morty subreddit, there was a post to which OP had to constantly reply that it was intended as a joke. You can look it up, it was findable 8 h ago.


Question: Why are satellites more powerful than wifi?

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 Why are satellites more powerful than wifi?

The distance a radio signal can travel is based on how strong the signal is. GPS satellites are allowed to broadcast very strong signals. Your Wi-Fi transmitter is not. This isn't a technical limitation, it's a legal one. The reason your Wi-Fi router's signal strength is limited is that if everyone broadcast really strong signals on the same frequency (and Wi-Fi is only allowed to be on a limited range of frequencies), they'd all interfere with each other and no one's Wi-Fi would work. Think of it like 100 people trying to shout in the same room at the same time, versus everyone having a quiet conversation with the person next to them. Since GPS was set up by the government, it was given its own dedicated set of frequencies and no one else is allowed to have any radio transmitters on those frequencies so everyone's GPS receivers can hear the satellites.


Question: Why does a company or any organization still need accountants? Why cant every transaction be recorded in a computer and entered into the books automatically without needing a person to do it?

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 Why does a company or any organization still need accountants? Why cant every transaction be recorded in a computer and entered into the books automatically without needing a person to do it?

Well, many companies do fully automate their accounts already, e.g. they may conduct all their business through an enterprise platform like [SAP] ( URL_0 ). But there are still questions about how to interpret the law and categorise things within such systems. Laws, regulations and accounting standards can change, and questions about how to organise finances can get really complicated for a large company, and some accounting practices are optional, meaning accountants can advise on what to do to make the balance sheet look right.


Question: how do bell curves work?

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 how do bell curves work?

"Bell curves" or Normal Distributions are simply a function defined by humans - it doesnt have any very special properties. However, we found that the outcome of many random processes in nature are distributed in a way that looks more or less like a Normal Distribution. We like to approximate such probability distributions by Normal Distributions, because it makes things easier to compare and do math with. E.g. if you grade a test in school, very often most pupils will be somewhere around the average and very few at the extreme ends. That results in a shape that looks kinda lika a Bell curve, and can be approximated by one.


Question: why does work appear to go by faster when making an effort to never look at the clock?

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 why does work appear to go by faster when making an effort to never look at the clock?

It has to do with where your focus is and the fact that your brain doesn't count time like a clock does. It works in memories. If you focus on the clock, you're making memories of time. So when you think back you remember each time you checked the clock and some feeling associated with that knowledge (usually dispair). This makes things seem like they are going slowly because of your frequent checks on the time. But when you think back to the task you were doing, you have no real reference for how long each action was taking you. So you don't get the same sense of time passing when you think back (unless you were timing yourself intentionally). So the time *seems* to whizz by but it's just a trick of memory and perception.


Question: Did the pilot who dropped the nuke in Japan live? If so how?

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 Did the pilot who dropped the nuke in Japan live? If so how?

Both pilots survived. The planes were flying too high for shrapnel to reach them. The most destructive blast wave from the bomb which hit Hiroshima was about 1 mile in diameter, and the plane was flying at about 6 miles in the air. They were 11 miles away when they felt the shock wave, (and if my high school trigonometry is accurate, that means they were about 13 miles from the blast) but the plane was undamaged due to the distance. [more details]( URL_0 )


Question: Why does sugar free soda fizz way more than regular soda?

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 Why does sugar free soda fizz way more than regular soda?

Artificial sweeteners in diet sodas are much sweeter than regular sugar so you need to add less of it to get the same sweetness. Diet sodas are usually > 99% carbonated water with < 0.2 grams of artificial sweetener. In contrast, regular sodas have a great deal of added sugar. A regular 12 oz (355 mL) can holds about 10 teaspoons or ~40 grams of sugar. This is about 10 sugar packets per can! Because there is so much sugar, the volume of carbonated water is lower in regular sodas so it can't hold as much fizz.


Question: What are the mid-term elections and who won?

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 What are the mid-term elections and who won?

> Every state is represented by two Senators, but by different numbers of Representatives based on their population. The Senate gives small states equal representation, because the Senate is about representing the states. The House is about representing the people directly. & #x200B; Long story short, Democrats took back the majority in the House while the Republicans got a higher majority in the Senate. With as divided as our politics are currently, I don't see anything getting done for the next 2 years.


Question: Why is the hotel industry dominated by international companies (Marriott, Hilton, etc.) but apartments are almost always locally owned/run/branded?

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 Why is the hotel industry dominated by international companies (Marriott, Hilton, etc.) but apartments are almost always locally owned/run/branded?

> Why has the hotel industry seen huge consolidation but the apartment industry hasn’t? The hotel industry by and large hasn't seen huge consolidation. The vast, vast majority of hotels are actually locally owned. The big hotel companies are mostly just management companies. They don't own most of their hotels, rather, the actual owner of the hotel has hired them to come in and run the hotel for them. You'd actually find that the same is true of apartments - most apartments in North America are run by a handful of companies, the same is true of the EU. Those management companies follow the same model that big hotel chains do in that they don't actually own most of their properties, they just manage them on behalf of the real owner. The only difference is that apartment management companies tend to brand their managed properties as a local thing because people want to think that the person managing their home is someone who is local and has a vested interested in their well being such that they will provide you with a superior experience, rather than a giant, soulless corporation. That's a bit different than what most people want with a hotel - which is for it to be run by a giant, soulless corporation that is going to ensure that they have a uniform, acceptable experience regardless of where they stay.


Question: Why do flags wobble in the wind even when the wind is steady?

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 Why do flags wobble in the wind even when the wind is steady?

Not 100% sure but i think its because even though the wind looks like its traveling in a single direction, the air molecules are still moving in different directions and with different velocities. Therefore when the wind is traveling around the flag, there are areas of different pressure that push and pull the fabric of the flag around. You might be able to get the flag to not wobble in a wind tunnel where all the air molecules are traveling with the same velocity. There is also a fight between gravity pulling the flag down, and the wind trying to straighten it.


Question: Why do the longest and shortest days of the year not coincide with the yearly average hottest and coldest days?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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 Why do the longest and shortest days of the year not coincide with the yearly average hottest and coldest days?

Because it takes time to heat up and time to cool down. It's the same reason the hottest part of the day is usually a few hours after noon, and why everything doesn't immediately freeze after sunset. Think of it this way. If the days were all the same, the temperature would not change, right? It would be in equilibrium. But then if you suddenly made the days longer, it would get hotter. BUT it wouldn't get hotter instantly, it would get hotter and hotter as more and more heat is dumped into the Earth, until it reached a *new* equilibrium. Now in real life, the days are *always* changing. So the Earth never "catches up" and you get a graph of temperature that is just a time delayed graph of sunlight.


Question: what are eigenvalues and eigenvectors?

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 what are eigenvalues and eigenvectors?

Imagine you have a function that let's you write f(x + y) = f(x) + f(y) f(a * x) = a * f(x) For any x, y, and a. If we have f(x) = a * x for some x that is not 0 and some a, then a is called an "eigenvalue" and x is called an "eigenvector". That's it. Despite its simplicity, this is an incredibly broad and important concept. x could be a number, a vector in 3D space, a matrix, a function, or many, many other things. Sorry if the explanation was too simple. Edit: it's - > its, formatting Edit: fixed equation formatting. Ugh, I'm bad at this.


Question: How does dust accumulate in an electric fans blades while they’re constantly moving fast in a circular motion?

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 How does dust accumulate in an electric fans blades while they’re constantly moving fast in a circular motion?

Hey, aerospace engineer here. There's a long complicated aerodynamic explanation but here's the short of it. ELI5: at the point where air meets the surface of the blade, the speed of the air is zero. Therefore, a piece of dust on the surface is not being blown anywhere. When you spin the blade through the air, it slams dust particles onto the blade, and those particles don't get blown anywhere. This is similar to why water accumulates on a windshield even though you're travelling at 60 mph. Edit: after talking it through with another reddit, I was off a bit. The airspeed is zero, but the horizontal forces is not. The likely cause for sticking is that the dust particles are not large enough for the air pressure to blow the dust off the fan. Perhaps there is an upper limit to the amount of dust that can accumulate, at which point the surface area is big enough for the forces to blow it off.


Question: How do consumption products (Alcohol, Marijuana, Cheese, etc) contain "notes" of other foods?

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 How do consumption products (Alcohol, Marijuana, Cheese, etc) contain "notes" of other foods?

While they may not contain any of the other foods as an ingredient, they do often contain some of the same chemicals that cause those flavors, or similar ones. The description is just a way of describing that flavor; most people know what nuts taste like, so saying a cheese is slightly nutty gives you an idea of the flavor.


Question: How is it ensured that Wikipedia articles show correct information, and how is vandalism of articles prevented on it?

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 How is it ensured that Wikipedia articles show correct information, and how is vandalism of articles prevented on it?

There's no iron-clad guarantee that all of the information on Wikipedia is accurate. The prevailing pattern however is that there are more benevolent people adding correct information than vandals intentionally adding incorrect information. Some people take a personal attachment to certain articles and set up notifications that will email them whenever there is a change. Because of this, most popular articles are fixed within minutes of vandalization. But, that still doesn't mean that incorrect information can't slip through if done more subtly.


Question: How does COPPA affect YouTubers that do not live in the US, I mean the FTC is a US commission so how does it affect international YouTubers?

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 How does COPPA affect YouTubers that do not live in the US, I mean the FTC is a US commission so how does it affect international YouTubers?

COPPA is about who is viewing content, not who is making it. Youtube can't collect data on American children, so as long as a portion of your audience *could* be American children, you have to deal with COPPA. Youtube will probably just implement it platform-wide, across all languages, because its safer than leaving themselves open to another lawsuit if they made a mistake in how they distinguish between American children and other children. This can be seen in the fact that COPPA settings are being handled on a per-video basis, not on a per-user basis.


Question: the discrepancy in size between the observable universe and the age of the universe. If the universe is 13.8 billion years old than how can it be observable to 43.5 billion light years?

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 the discrepancy in size between the observable universe and the age of the universe. If the universe is 13.8 billion years old than how can it be observable to 43.5 billion light years?

Space is getting bigger. Like, things get farther apart faster than they're actually moving, because more space is coming into existence between them. The current rate is 68 kilometers per second per million parsecs; in the early universe the speed was much faster. What this means is there's light from the early universe that has traveled along a line 13.8 billion light years in distance, but it's origin point has moved ~30 billion light years in that time. Like, imagine an ant walking on a rubber band. The rubber band is 12 inches long. You stretch out the rubber band while the ant is walking, until it's 5 feet long; but the ant only had to walk, say, 3 feet because the distance it already traveled stretched out as well. The ant didn't *go* faster than normal, but it *did* travel from the start to the finish faster in less time than its current length would suggest.


Question: How does "You can't prove a negative" work?

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 How does "You can't prove a negative" work?

"There is an alien in my house." This is a positive. I can prove it by finding one alien in my house one time. "There is no alien in my house." This is a negative. I can't prove it. Even if I check every square inch of my house, maybe they are really small and I can't see them. Maybe they are invisible. Maybe they know how to stand directly behind me at all times. There is always a chance that an alien exists, even if it's the tiniest chance imaginable.


Question: Why are most "extremely absorbent" products harder when they are dry when compared to regularly absorbent products? For example, sponges / cooling towels / Shamwows are usually much harder than cotton or paper towels when dry.

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 Why are most "extremely absorbent" products harder when they are dry when compared to regularly absorbent products? For example, sponges / cooling towels / Shamwows are usually much harder than cotton or paper towels when dry.

The whole thing that makes a sponge useful is that it has a huge surface area relative to its size and mass. If you could zoom in you'd see tons of little nooks, crannies, and projections that present a surface to be wetted. A paper towel has *a bit* of that going on, but it's not that textured or absorbent. Having said that, I don't know what a cooling towel is so I can't speak to that.


Question: Why do animals and birds behave strangely during eclipse but not when sun is blocked by clouds?

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 Why do animals and birds behave strangely during eclipse but not when sun is blocked by clouds?

The difference in light intensity is significant between a cloud or the moon covering the sun. Despite the fact that you can't see through clouds, they still let through a lot of light. The moon however is a solid rock and casts a far darker shadow over the earth. Animals are able to pick this sudden change up and compared to their own circadian rhythm it doesn't make sense, so that's why they start to show behavior we don't normally see during the day.


Question: how do coin dispensing machines know the difference between $1, $5, $10 etc. dollar bills?

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 how do coin dispensing machines know the difference between $1, $5, $10 etc. dollar bills?

Paper money printed in the United States contains, in addition to a plethora of visible security features, some very elaborate methods to assist in automated denomination recognition. The primary method vending machines use to recognize the denomination of paper money is through a magnetic scan; paper currency is printed with magnetic ink, similar to the ink on the MICR line of a check, that makes it easily identifiable to machines with magnetic scanners. In addition, each denomination is marked with different fluorescent properties. Many vending machines and other machines that read paper currency use an ultraviolet light to scan the bill, read the fluorescent response and issue the appropriate credit. Read more: How Do Vending Machines Read Money? | URL_1 URL_0


Question: why does having your credit checked negatively affect your credit score?

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 why does having your credit checked negatively affect your credit score?

There's a presumption based on lots of creditor experience that credit checks very quickly lead to taking on new debt. Actually taking on new debt has a much greater impact on credit score, but just starting the process sends a signal to creditors that this person seeking credit is about to have a more debt and worse looking ratios. A small change in credit score accounts for this signal. It's not always an accurate signal, but creditors know from experience that it's a decent predictor of a small change in creditworthiness .