Question: Why can electric cars brake solely on induction?

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 Why can electric cars brake solely on induction?

When braking through induction the brake force isn't just depending on the strength of the magnet but also the speed of the car. At low speeds induction braking practically does nothing no matter the strength of the magnet as induction depends on the rate of change of the magnetic field and at low speed (=slow rotation of the wheels) that rate is always going to be relatively low. At high speeds though it could generate a greater force than normal break pads. In any case due to the low speed braking limitations you always need normal brakes, too.


Question: What is a Gas Planet?

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 What is a Gas Planet?

Gas planets have no real surface on them. The gas gets denser and denser as you descend, like water going from water to slush to ice. On gas planets, as you go towards the core, the pressure increases (and temps too) until the gas is liquid, then solid. There may be a rocky core under thousands of miles of gas for Uranus and Neptune, but the other 2 outer planets are probably without that core.


Question: the difference between a producer, recording engineer, and mixing engineer?

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 the difference between a producer, recording engineer, and mixing engineer?

For a rock band, a recording engineer is responsible for getting good recorded material and is concerned with acoustics in the room, mic placement, etc. The mixing engineer takes the recorded material and edits it, i.e., sound levels, effects, and giving an overall polish to the music. The producer is present at all stages and is the musical leader making suggestions and adding ideas, much like a director in a film. In smaller studios, these may be the same person.


Question: What exactly is a logarithm?

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 What exactly is a logarithm?

There is addition. And when you add the same thing many times, it becomes quickly annoying: 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 8 So we have multiplication. 2 × 4 = 8 And we can determine how many additions were performed, using division: 3 × n = 27 n = 27 ÷ 3 ----- There is multiplication. And when you multiply the same thing many times, it becomes quickly annoying: 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 16 So we have exponentiation. 2⁴ = 16 And we can determine how many multiplications were performed, using *logarithms*: 3ⁿ = 27 n = log₃(27) ----- Just like a division will not always give you whole numbers (7÷3 for instance), and it might seem absurd to perform an addition a non-integer number of times, logarithms will not always you give you whole numbers and it appears equally absurd.


Question: If the female hemp plant contains THC, how do farmers make sure they don't grow it?

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 If the female hemp plant contains THC, how do farmers make sure they don't grow it?

The main way to ensure you don’t get the wrong gendered plant is cloning; once you have a male plant, you can basically just cut a piece of stem off and put it in a pod and it will root and begin to grow into a new plant with the same genetics and thus gender. I know you can also buy feminized seeds so maybe there’s the same for male seeds, although I’m not entirely sure how that process works. You can also grow female plants that are high in CBD and just extract the CBD from them (that’s how my company did it).


Question: Why do digital versions of games and movies cost the same as physical?

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 Why do digital versions of games and movies cost the same as physical?

True this, when you buy a physical copy of a game you actually own it and you are free to do whatever you want to it (return it, sell it) plus you get a case But when you buy a digital game you dont own the game, you are just buying the rights to use that game digitally, so lets just say if the ps4store goes down (highly unlikely) without you backing up the games, well tough luck for you, you just dont have them anymore. And also they can take away the rights you bought for the game anytime without reason, and without compinsation. (Once again highly unlikely they would ever do this but its still there) I know this doesnt answer the question, but I wrote this for the person who will be answering this to have a clearer insight on why we think digital games should be slightly cheaper then there physical counter parts


Question: (U.S) What causes yearly inflation, and why can’t wages increase at the same rate?

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 (U.S) What causes yearly inflation, and why can’t wages increase at the same rate?

Currency is just a representation of wealth to make it easier to trade. Wealth generally increase over time, more population, better technology increase efficiency and production, etc. There is a relation of supply and demand between the wealth which is the demand (because more wealth mean you want to trade more) and suppy which is currency (because you need currency to trade). So if the wealth increase, but your currency don't, you end up with deflation and it's bad for the economy (more complex than that, but let's keep it short). You can't predict and add exactly the right amount of money to keep the currency equal to the wealht, that's impossible. There is always variation, so instead we add a bit more money than wealth increase. This mean more supply than demand, which decrease the value of your currency and that's inflation. We try to target 2% inflation, so that way the variation shouldn't get us into deflation too much and it's not high enough inflation to cause problems. In addition, 2% inflation incentivize people to invest their money instead of keeping it for themselves and this mean that money circulation more into the economy, which is good for growing the economy. Those investment allow funds for companies to expand, build infrastructure, create more job, etc. For the second part of your question, it should go up faster than inflation because wealth usually increase overtime. The problem is distribution of wealth and that's a political issue.


Question: what are the differences between investing in gold or stocks?

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 what are the differences between investing in gold or stocks?

Gold belongs to the commodities market, which is precipitated by actual ownership of some quantity of commodities. Commodities markets examples are: gold, silver, corn, wheat, water Stocks are ownership slips of a company. If a company issues 3 shares and you own two, you own 66.66667% of the company. With stocks you're not buying anything physically tangible. You can't touch the percentage of a business that is yours.


Question: Why do businesses, particularly gyms, have showers and taps that are too hot to use?

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 Why do businesses, particularly gyms, have showers and taps that are too hot to use?

Hot water is usually supplied by a water heater, a reservoir of water which is heated to a certain temperature in order to be used in various parts of the building. The faucet itself is supplied with both a hot and cold water line and the operation of valves in the faucet will determine how much from each source is mixed in order to determine the final temperature. The reservoir of water is important because water cannot usually be heated as quickly as it is possible for it to be used, so the amount of the reserved water must be sufficient to fulfill the requirements of the building or you will periodically "run out" of hot water during periods of high use. If the situation of a lack of hot water occurs there are two ways to mitigate it. The proper method is to install more tanks of reserve heated water in order to fill demand but that can be quite costly. Another way, a cheaper and more dangerous way, is to simply increase the target temperature of the reserve water in the water heater. The hotter water means less must be mixed with the cold in order to achieve a target temperature, stretching the same amount of hot water into being able to provide a greater amount of warm water at the desired temperature. A major down side of this method is that it means unmixed hot water might be dangerously, unusably hot. For a gym it might be that they started off with a water heater set to the proper, regulation temperature and then had showers and faucets in the facility set to produce a comfortable mix of hot and cold water. Then usage of the facilities rose to the point that the hot water was no longer holding up to the demand so the easy fix of raising the temperature of the water heater was used. The settings of the showers and faucets were not altered though meaning they simply increased in temperature beyond comfort.


Question: is it possible for game Easter egg hunters to look at the games code to find all the Easter eggs?

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 is it possible for game Easter egg hunters to look at the games code to find all the Easter eggs?

Generally, the code of a game is not available to players. The game is a compiled program rather than source code. The difference is sort of like giving someone an unassembled IKEA shelf vs a premade shelf from a furniture store. The sourcecode is like the IKEA shelf, where how everything works and goes together is right there in the instruction book. The compiled binary is like the premade shelf, where you know that it's a shelf, and what it does, but you can't really tell how it was made, what order the parts were assembled in, etc. If you really try, you can figure stuff out by looking at the premade shelf, but you need a lot of skill and a lot of time to get any real amount of information.


Question: What makes something truly random? Like what defines randomness?

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 What makes something truly random? Like what defines randomness?

Computer person here -- there's many, many types of "random". The kind of "random" you want depends entirely on your needs. As Steve_Jobs_Ghost mentions, a common "random" number generator is in fact entirely not random; it starts with a "seed" value and then generates new values based on the seed. However, since you generally don't know the seed, the numbers are random *to you*. I worked at a simulation company ages ago; we let people either define what seed to start with (so they could repeat their simulation from run to run) or let the system pick one (hint: it was just the current time :-) ). This worked great: you could either get random-to-the-user values, or random-but-repeated values. Many computers will have an "entropy pool": a set of data that they've gotten from the external world, and these are used for randomness. For example, the time between the system starting a clock, and when the user starts to type is pretty random. Until, of course, you have a bunch of VMs on a consistent cluster; then it's not as random. Some uses of random numbers require that the number be random to an external attacker. Secure web browsing depends on this; the random numbers are picked by smart people who use the "entropy pools" in a careful and considered way. OTOH, some systems have been shipped where the "random" number used for web security was, in fact, essentially hard-wired at the factory, which isn't really random at all. Lottery numbers fall into this category, which is why lots of lotteries use the bouncing-balls-in-a-cage approach. This is often secure, and then suddenly it isn't :-( Some uses of random numbers in computers are to do things like a random back-off when faced with congestions. Like, if you and another person both boot your computer at the same time, you can get into a muddled state when connecting the network (technically: a race condition inside DHCP when getting an IP address). The solution is that both computers can detect this condition, and you each wait a "random" amount of time before trying again. This doesn't have to be particularly random to work. Some random numbers are used for simulating systems like galaxies or nuclear interactions. These have to be carefully distributed with no "clumping" other than what the randomness would generate. There are elaborate tests to ensure that the number is correctly distributed. Note that these numbers don't need to be secure against crooks: there's not much to be gained by "breaking" a galaxy simulation :-) There are sources of good random numbers. The RAND company was famous for generating a table of random numbers that they created from a carefully controlled roulette wheel (this was back in the 50s, IIRC). This is obviously only good for scientific purposes since anyone could buy a copy of the table :-) People think that quantum effects are hard to generate; actually a common source of quantum noise is just the static you hear in stereos. This is thermal noise, and AFAICT we can prove that it's actually fully random with no "hidden variable" that we just don't understand. And thermal noise is easy to use inside a computer, and can be a great source of randomness! OTOH, there are also known theoretical exploits: in theory, a crook could modify computers chips in the factory such that the thermal noise works until it doesn't, and after that it's in the control of the crooks. This is particularly scary because it's essentially impossible to detect :-( The most fun random number is generated by a camera pointed at Lava Lamps. This is fun (we don't have a way to guess ahead of time how the lamps will work), but personally I'd be dubious about their statistical distribution (whether they are evenly spaced). TL/DR: there lots of kinds of randomness, and it depends on what you need.


Question: How does a waterfall freeze?

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 How does a waterfall freeze?

When running water has a temperature of several Kelvin below it’s freezing point it can form so called frazil ice. It is basically just water with very small snow-like ice crystals that has a very oil-like texture. When this frazil ice touches something it usually adheres and forms solid ice. In the case of a waterfall it is both the edge and the bottom of the waterfall the frazil ice adheres to. This way it forms some kind of wall around the waterfall growing from the edge, the bottom and the (usually frozen over) river at the top and the bottom of the waterfall. It basically forms some kind of tube around itself. It is not uncommon for the river to actually keep flowing and falling through that „tube“.


Question: Why does it take a few hours to finance a $100k auto loan, but 30+ days to finance a $100k mortgage?

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 Why does it take a few hours to finance a $100k auto loan, but 30+ days to finance a $100k mortgage?

The people selling the car and the people making the loan have already worked out much of the deal before you even walk into the dealership. The lender knows the value of the car and exactly what condition it's in. Should you stop paying, they can legally repossess the car pretty quickly - or report it stolen if you take off. In a home sale, the bank is a third party that knows nothing about the property and will get stuck in a lengthy foreclosure/eviction process if you stop paying. It doesn't take 30 days to clear the loan, but it does take longer while they appraise the property and investigate your credit worthiness. It's a much greater risk for the lender even though the face value is the same.


Question: Before the invention of glasses, were people with bad vision just doomed to a miserable existence?

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 Before the invention of glasses, were people with bad vision just doomed to a miserable existence?

There's a bunch of bullshit answers in this thread. The _truth_ is that while blindness or bad vision due to eye damage, parasites, cataracts, etc, was relatively more common in the past than it is today, on the whole people had better vision because _nearsightedness_ was very rare. Because nearsightedness is mostly a disease of the modern world. So most vision problems in the past couldn't have been fixed by glasses, and the main vision problem fixed by glasses in the modern world was vanishingly rare. Nearsightedness results from spending time indoors a lot as a child. The lack of strong illumination interferes with the mechanism controlling the growth of the eyes, resulting in eyes that are too long and as a result causing nearsightedness because the image focuses in front of the retina. This has been demonstrated in animal models and the biochemical mechanism is understood. This results in a very well documented pattern...in societies which are not industrialized, nearsightedness is rare to practically nonexistant. Surveys of hunter-gatherers and other groups living in traditional ways find almost no one who is nearsighted. As societies industrialize, nearsightedness skyrockets (there's a very good dataset from Singapore on this). Vision is important...all this nonsense about you not really needing to see more than a blur to spot predators and prey is baloney. Animals in the wild are camoflaged, hide effectively among the terrain, and are quite hard to spot without good vision to see them. And that's not to mention foraging for plants, which are nearly impossible to identify at a distance without good vision.


Question: How can PUBG (which requires a decent gaming pc to be played on computer) be played on phone?

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 How can PUBG (which requires a decent gaming pc to be played on computer) be played on phone?

Pubg actually dont require some big major pc. It just has really shitty optimization. I actually know someone who plays it on a amd fx6300 and a gtx 960 and gets around 40 to 70fps depending on the enviroment (these drops happen no matter your system). Also when they port games over for mobile, they are made to run on mobile hardware. Youre not running it at 4k and 60fps on mobile, or even 1080. More like 720 tops at 30fps. With what would be considered low settings. There are also other things they do to detune it to be able to run on weaker setting, other then a big drop in detail and resolution. They know that with being played on a small screen, you are not gonna notice the difference in quality. Though, im sure its still gonna be horribly optimized and run like shit.


Question: I don't understand the term/diagnosis "Borderline Personality Disorder." Borderline what?

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 I don't understand the term/diagnosis "Borderline Personality Disorder." Borderline what?

From [wikipedia]( URL_0 ): > Clinicians noted a certain class of neurotics who, when in crisis, appeared to straddle the borderline into psychosis. The term "borderline personality disorder" was coined in American psychiatry in the 1960s. It became the preferred term over a number of competing names, such as "unstable character disorder" during the 1970s.


Question: Why does metal make a ringing sound when hit. How do the vibrations translate into sound?

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 Why does metal make a ringing sound when hit. How do the vibrations translate into sound?

Metal bends when you hit it, then jiggles as it straightens out - imagine slapping a ruler, or flicking a small spring. A more solid piece of metal does it much more quickly, several hundreds or thousand times per second. As it bends and jiggles, its movement moves the air around it. In a ruler, these ripples in the air are far too weak and too slow to form audible sound; but in a piece of metal, they're much sharper and faster, producing a wave of air pressure which we experience as sound.


Question: How do interest rates affect the economy?

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 How do interest rates affect the economy?

Interest rates affect the cost of borrowing. Contrary to popular belief, central banks do not control interest rates. They try to regulate the money supply to influence them but ultimately the market sets the rate. Interest rates are a function of many things. How much money is available to lend, how much risk there is, aggregate quality of investments available, etc. When interest rates are high, it is expensive to borrow so companies invest less in new projects. People are incentivized to save money instead of spending it and to borrow less for major purchases. Stocks and other risky investments become less attractive because low risk investments good. When interest rates are low, all of the opposite happens. However, low interest rates tend to cause speculation and mal investment. Also the money supply increases because people make more loans using fractional reserve lending. All of this causes inflation to rise.


Question: If mirrors work by reflecting incoming light, then why does a black screen act as a better mirror than a white screen if black absorbs all light?

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 If mirrors work by reflecting incoming light, then why does a black screen act as a better mirror than a white screen if black absorbs all light?

Because a black screen is easier for our eyes to notice the difference in brightness detail, whereas a white screen makes it harder to notice the differences. Also, The "Black" screen looks black but isnt, and then you take into account the glass, thats helps add the reflectivity needed for the reflection.


Question: In the phrase "livestock are responsible for burping the methane equivalent of 3.1 gigatonnes of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere annually" what does "the methane equivalent of CO2" mean?

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 In the phrase "livestock are responsible for burping the methane equivalent of 3.1 gigatonnes of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere annually" what does "the methane equivalent of CO2" mean?

Methane is wayyyy better at trapping heat than CO2 so 1 ton of methane has a significantly higher warming potential than 1 ton of CO2, but it gets hard when you make people try to do the equivalency math on the fly so things are generally reported in terms of the number of tons of CO2 that would create an equivalent warming Since methane's warming effect is 34x as potent as CO2, that means the 3.1 gigaton CO2 equivalent came from 91 million tons of methane being burped out


Question: Why do big companies have "use it or lose it" budgets? Facilities can end up with hundreds of thousands or millions of dollars that they need to spend by a certain date or their budget will be reduced for the following year. Doesn't this promote frivolous, wasteful spending?

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 Why do big companies have "use it or lose it" budgets? Facilities can end up with hundreds of thousands or millions of dollars that they need to spend by a certain date or their budget will be reduced for the following year. Doesn't this promote frivolous, wasteful spending?

The logic is: if you don't use it why allocate it to you this much money if it could be used elsewhere? The issue: this logic is faulty and doesn't take into account large bulk expenses (for example, when launching a new project or upgrading infrastructure) > Doesn't this promote frivolous, wasteful spending? Yyep.


Question: why does massaging sore muscles make them feel better?

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 why does massaging sore muscles make them feel better?

Well theres a lot at work there.. first and foremost, touch releases endorphins, which are mood boosters, and make you feel happier. There are other mechanics behind the reasons it feels good, as well. Fascia is all over every bit of soft tissue in your body. To help you understand what fascia is, imagine eating a piece of fried chicken… Well, you know that thin stuff that sometimes peels off when you have a bite, but its not skin.. its around the meat? Its super thin… and its called fascia. Fascia is actually a layer of this stuff that surrounds every tissue and tissue fiber in fhe body. It is set up like a knit sweater. If one area of the sweater (the fascia) gets bunched up, another area will be a little loose. Like with a knit sweater, the objective it to have everything even.. that way it fits and feels optimal. Massaging muscles that are sore, feels good, because it helps to open the fascia up in places it is too tight, and to even shorten it in areas it is too loose. This gives your body a better sense of equilibrium. Additionally, when you target a certain muscle to build lean muscle, say you want bigger biceps… So you do curls. Well, the biceps arent the only muscles working and building mass. Theres another muscle that is also working.. usually several more muscles, as well. In fact, the more muscle mass a person has, the thicker their necks will be, naturally. The neck is full of muscles, and these muscles do a little bit of work with every move you make. The back and abs are the same way. You can target muscle groups in the back and abs, or not. It doesnt really make a huge difference, because, at the end of the day, what gives a person a strong core is going to be frequent use of theor entire body. The back and abs will also be worked with every move you make. As will the obliques, the traps, etc. Theres all sorts of LITTLE muscles that people just dont worry about building too much, because theyre just not considered aesthetic. Sometimes those muscles are too little for a persons own good. Or, theyre smaller than they should be in proportion to the larger, heavily targeted muscles around them. So a person who lifts weights and only targets very specific areas, is going to be MORE SORE than a person who conditions his entire body, using a multitude of movements. Ive seen a guy with HUGE anterior deltoids, who had serious shoulder pain because he failed to build his lateral and posterior portion of his shoulder muscles. Its a common way to give yourself an injury, really. Massage can help soothe muscles that have been straining too much and are probably spasmic from what boils down to a lack of use. Also, massage can release acids that are stuck in the tissues.. moves lymphatic fluid.. and can also uncover these teeny tiny little rice krispy things that can develop in and around the muscles, called “trigger points and tender points.” It should be noted that while just about everyone has one or both of these, and some people have a LOT of them, like all over… It doesnt mean that they have a chronic disease. However, it would be a good idea to find a massage therapist who is adept at Neuromuscular therapy, and bring a copy of the chart showing where your particular points are, since sometimes these can be a sign of a neurological or an immunological disorder. But again… Theyre very very common. Everyone freaking has them. No sweat. Just.. the more sore and tired you feel… The more important it might be to see a doctor and having this added information about trigger points and tender points can help with a diagnosis. Additionally, there are a great deal of foods that can cause added inflammation. Dairy, Caffeine.. Potatoes.. something to look into. It might be a good holistic way to improve energy levels and overall sense of wellness. [source]( URL_0 )


Question: Why do some babies not like their mother's milk? Also why do we use a cow's milk as a substitute?

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 Why do some babies not like their mother's milk? Also why do we use a cow's milk as a substitute?

What you eat goes into breasts milk. So eat something that does not taste good to for the baby or say just lactose intolerance and baby does not like. Can also explain crying for no apparent reason. Cows milk is NOT a substitute for breasts milk. Noting is really. There are some things you only get via breasts milk. Some things are ok, like baby formula.


Question: why does a computer need to "warm up"?

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 why does a computer need to "warm up"?

Because (especially in the case of Windows), the operating system loads and runs just enough components to allow you to log in, and show the desktop, while literally hundreds of drivers and services continue to be loaded and run "in the background" . Older versions of Windows would not allow use until everything was loaded and running, which meant that, for several minutes, the system was completely unusable. The newer method is a compromise. You may find that installing an SSD disk drive greatly speeds up the time to usability.


Question: If a lactose intolerant woman drank her own breast milk, would she have an allergic reaction?

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 If a lactose intolerant woman drank her own breast milk, would she have an allergic reaction?

Lactose intolerant doesn’t necessarily mean allergic - it simply means that the body can’t produce its own lactase, an enzyme that breaks down lactose. This inability to properly digest lactose causes the symptoms of lactose intolerance. So, the woman would still not be able to break down the lactose even in her own milk and would have the symptoms, unless she took a pill containing lactase.


Question: Why don’t companies back order in-demand items with the disclaimer that you’ll get it when they can produce it?

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 Why don’t companies back order in-demand items with the disclaimer that you’ll get it when they can produce it?

In addition to the other answers, I suspect a lot of it has to do with the burden of support. Imagine taking 500k orders for a new Xbox. If just 10% of those people call several times per day asking “is it in yet?”, that’s a burden. And considering there’s no real advantage for retailers to deal with that, considering demand is so high that restocks instantly sell out again, it doesn’t make much sense for them to assume that burden.


Question: Can planets with way more gravity than earth reduce their gravity by spinning really really fast?

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 Can planets with way more gravity than earth reduce their gravity by spinning really really fast?

No, because then you aren't reducing the gravity, you're just countering it with centripetal force. Also it would mean that things at the equator would weigh a hell of a lot less than things at the poles. The things at the equator are moving a lot faster. That's kinda why the USA like launching things into space in Florida. It's really close to the equator. Most planets forming wouldn't have the average spinny-ness be enough to counter act the sheer amount of stuff. Otherwise the stuff would probably have gone somewhere else rather than make a planet.


Question: What does RAM do In a pc and how much is needed for high-end gaming?

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 What does RAM do In a pc and how much is needed for high-end gaming?

Think of your hard drive as a series of bookshelves. You can't read a book on the shelf. Instead you take it to a reading table (RAM) and lay it open to read it. The more RAM you have the bigger the table and the more books you can have open at once. If the table fills up, you have to return a book to the bookshelf before you can get to another. Some games might need you to read 4 books at a time, others might need 8 to get the information fast enough.


Question: I realize the owners of for-profit prisons are motivated to have lots of inmates, but wouldn't the government (ie law enforcement and politicians) be motivated to have less people in prison so they don't have to pay?

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 I realize the owners of for-profit prisons are motivated to have lots of inmates, but wouldn't the government (ie law enforcement and politicians) be motivated to have less people in prison so they don't have to pay?

You're assuming the people who make spending decisions about the government's money care how much is spent, and that they don't have any sort of conflict of interest (like having a family member or friend in the prison business or having investments in prison companies). Neither of these is necessarily true. Also, someone running for elected office may be perfectly happy to spend tax dollars in such a way that gets them elected even if they know it's a poor use of money.


Question: What exactly happens when one form of energy transforms into another?

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 What exactly happens when one form of energy transforms into another?

The thing to understand about energy is this: it's not a physically tangible, real thing. You can't hold it, touch it or really perceive it directly. You can observe and perceive the things which it allows to happen, like forces, motion, currents, voltages and temperatures, but not directly the energy itself. The only reason we're interested in energy at all is *because* it's conserved. The fact that the total energy of a system has to be the same both before and after an interaction or event takes places imposes important constraints upon the processes which are allowed to take place in the Universe. So, what's the best way to think about energy? Well, I think it's to imagine it as an accounting tool - energy is the currency of the Universe. In the human world, when you receive money you are able to do things. Money opens up the ability for you to take actions that you couldn't otherwise have done. You exchange your money to do something, and then when it's gone you can't do anything else until you get some more. Energy is like that. Things in the Universe receive energy and can then undergo processes that they couldn't do before. The thing is, the Universe is a bit of a spendaholic, so once things get some extra energy, they tend to lose it as quickly as possible, unless something can prevent them from doing so. The actions that things undergo make the energy changes form, just like spending money makes it change hands. So what happens when energy changes form? Well, it's really just as simple as something happening to the object. Say we have an object suspended in the air. It has a lot of gravitational potential energy - a lot of money that it can spend. We release it, and it immediately spends this energy to start moving. The thing that happens is the action which the object undergoes. There's no ethereal change of the form of the energy in some higher space, or whatever you might be imagining, because energy isn't tangible - it's just an accounting tool.


Question: Why ants are attracted to electrical devices and power sockets?

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 Why ants are attracted to electrical devices and power sockets?

I don't think they are attracted to them because they're electrical. For an ant, outlets are just a hole in a wall, so it facilitates access. As for electrical devices, i think that it's because they have lots of notches and spaces, so #1- it takes longer for the ant to explore, hence it spends more time in there; #2- because of all the spaces, it is easier for small crumbs, dead skin and other residue to get stuck, hence providing easy food for the ant. Either that or you interact more with electrical objects so there's a bigger chance for you to see them.


Question: why is it so difficult to tell your brain to stop being nervous about something that in reality isn’t worth being nervous about?

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 why is it so difficult to tell your brain to stop being nervous about something that in reality isn’t worth being nervous about?

Fear/panic/nervousness is extremely useful evolutionarily speaking (is that even a word?). Fear gives you adrenaline, it boosts your body both mentally and physically. This is extremely useful if, say, you are face to face with a tiger or other threatening scenarios. So when your brain perceives a threat, it is hard-wired, through millions of years of evolution, to give this "fear response". It is so deeply rooted in your brain that saying "hey, chill, it's just an oral presentation" will not have any effect.


Question: What does employee-owned business mean?

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 What does employee-owned business mean?

Basically, you know how a public company will have stocks that anyone can buy on the stock market? Well it’s kind of like that buy only employees can own stock. The board of directors are people who work there, chosen by the rest of the employees to make the big decisions. Usually when you are there for a year or however long are given stock in the company, which then means you get profit sharing at the end the year, a lot the time as 401k contribution. If you leave the company you have to sell the stock back to the company and you get a payout.


Question: Why are 100%cotton button-down shirts made out of a different fabric than 100% cotton t-shirts?

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 Why are 100%cotton button-down shirts made out of a different fabric than 100% cotton t-shirts?

Woven fabric vs. knit fabric is why button downs don't have the stretch that t-shirts do. Here's a blown up photo of [woven fabric]( URL_0 ), which has a grid look to it. And here's [knit fabric]( URL_1 ), which is interlocking loops. While these aren't cotton shirt material, you can see the difference in the fabric's structure.


Question: What makes chips/cookies/cereal go stale?

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 What makes chips/cookies/cereal go stale?

humidity. Their typical water content is below air humidity levels, so they'll absorb water if left in the open air, which makes them less crispy. Fresh bread on the other hand loses water to the air over time, but at the end it's that middle state with some water content, that makes it stale. Put the stale bread in the over to get rid or the last water and it gets crispy instead!


Question: How can someone invent BitCoin and will more keep being "made" if it can all be mined? Doesn't this lead to a dilemma that one day anyone could just print their own money?

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 How can someone invent BitCoin and will more keep being "made" if it can all be mined? Doesn't this lead to a dilemma that one day anyone could just print their own money?

Bitcoin was designed so that there is a maximum of 21 million bitcoins. After all the bitcoins have been mined, miners will make money off of transaction fees instead of the prize of finding a winning block. You can't "make" bitcoin, there is only one way to make bitcoin and that is to find a winning block, which takes a ton of computing power. A new block is "mined" every 10 minutes approximately, so every 10 minutes somewhere in the world somebody gets the block reward and everyone knows about it.


Question: How does wind work? where does it come from?

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 How does wind work? where does it come from?

I wasn’t specifically taught this either, but if I had to surmise I’d probably say it’s from high and low pressure systems created from atmospheric gases mixing. ETA: [This]( URL_0 ) the High and low pressure systems don’t come from the gases mixing but from the sun. The sun unevenly heating different parts of sun gives different parts different pressures (and we know from Gay-Lussac’s law temperature and pressure are proportionate to one another and one will change in response to a change in another, and vice versa) ELI5: the sun heats different surfaces of the earth unevenly. The heat from the sun gives the uneven gas particles different amounts of kinetic energy. So, the areas with a lot of heat/Kinetic energy, are usually warmed to a high pressure, and anything of high pressure naturally moves to areas of low pressure. (Think of an air in a balloon that’s not tied off. The air is squished inside, in an area of high pressure; when you remove your hand from the tip the air will move from the high pressure (the balloon), to the low pressure areas, aka down its concentration/pressure gradient). So, the wind you feel is air naturally moving from a high pressure area, to areas of low pressures, like the air in a balloon moving from a high pressure system to a lower pressure system.


Question: How do some cities (e.g.) Baltimore, Washington, D.C., St. Louis, etc. have neighborhoods that are very well developed and safe, but then, just a mere 5 or 10 miles away, there be a very impoverished and dangerous neighborhood?

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 How do some cities (e.g.) Baltimore, Washington, D.C., St. Louis, etc. have neighborhoods that are very well developed and safe, but then, just a mere 5 or 10 miles away, there be a very impoverished and dangerous neighborhood?

1. Wealth distribution and property values make a self-feeding cycle. More money in one neighborhood means better upkeep of buildings and infrastructure. This increases property value, which in turn encourages developers to invest more money into high-end developments. 2. Cities (and states and countries) have a different attitude and approach to wealthy and poor areas. This is why government housing (projects) and industrial zones still exist and are built in poor areas, while nicer areas become zoned for parks, schools, and high-end businesses and residences. 3. Natural economics means the liquor stores and pawn shops continue popping up in bad areas, while designer clothing stores and fancy cupcake bakeries open in good areas.


Question: how does money laundering work?

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 how does money laundering work?

Someone pays for a drink 10$ and leaves no tip, you put in 10$ from the drug deal and record it as a tip. And wooopdidoo you have 20$ "legally" from the sale of drinks. Obviously, this gets more and more intricate with the amount of money and if the money is marked (from bank robbery etc) then you need entirely other methods.


Question: How does Wifi actually work?

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 How does Wifi actually work?

It's a radio modem. It uses radio waves. It interprets the signal sent/received over the radio waves as data. The radio waves in question are what's called "non-ionising". They can't do you any damage. If they could, you'd be dead already from a million other things, not least naturally occurring radio waves. If anyone ever says "Yeah, but they use \*this\* frequency", ignore them. It's much more to do with emitted power than frequency, and the frequencies in use have been in use for things for hundreds of years. Pointing the finger at just frequency is like literally saying "Yes, but the car is \*BLUE\* so it must be more dangerous". (Microwaves ovens use a very similar frequency to conventional wifi, which is still non-ionising, for instance. But so does your car parking radar. It's all about the emitted power).\* The power of your average wifi point is literally its most limiting factor, in regulatory terms, and the reason that you can't just talk across the city with them. Compare and contrast to, say, the power needed to broadcast similar data on similar frequencies from miles away to thousands of mobile phones (and for them to talk back). Even there, though, mobile phones, in ordinary usage, over the entire population are still "safe". Nobody has ever conclusively proved anything else. And yet mobile phones would be \*much\* more dangerous than Wifi if there were a problem, and we'd notice it there first. Mobile phones are run from towers pumping out orders of magnitude more power, that you walk past every day, and the handsets pump out loads of power and are \*right next\* to your head when they do so. If there was a problem, we'd know about it by now. Wifi is a tiny weak signal that you don't have up against your head and can barely make it through your house, let alone a city. I work in IT and this stuff \*pisses me off\*. I was once told, to my face, by a parent in a school I worked in: "You do know that you're frying children's brains, right?". She wouldn't listen. And then promptly stuck a phone to her ear, bundled her child into a huge SUV-like car and drove off, still on the phone. The smoking of this generation will be vaping (when you find out that all that stuff you've been burning and inhaling came from a sweatshop in China who substituted anything they liked to make it taste nice - breathing smoke of any kind into your lungs isn't good for you). Then it'll be plastics and the stuff in them (e.g. BPA, etc.). Then it'll be a range of pharmaceuticals (that are massing in nature to be present in every fish caught, etc.). But they will be nothing compared to the things that humans will continue to do deliberately and knowingly. Like burning oil and coal, breathing in exhaust fumes (remember the diesel scandals?), etc. (\*) most ionising radiation, like X-rays, etc. are damaging even at relatively low power - because the frequency is so high. But they're not even close to the frequencies being used for such things.


Question: How does the Mercator Projection make navigation easier?

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 How does the Mercator Projection make navigation easier?

This is as you can draw a straight line to where you want to go and travel in that direction on a compass and you will get there due to the projection being elongated and all rectangles representing the exact same area on earth. Though it won't be the quickest route, it's the one which will make the most sense in our minds as we are more used to (as a society) the Mercator projection.


Question: What are biophotons and how can they be used for healing?

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 What are biophotons and how can they be used for healing?

Biophotons: light produced by biological organisms. Think bioluminescence but less bright and far less visible. It's assumed this very low level light might be involved in cell communication in plants. used for healing: not at all. There are apparently some nonsensical and pseudoscientific claims but that's all utter BS with zero scientific backing.


Question: How does new money enter circulation in the United States?

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 How does new money enter circulation in the United States?

Depends on how you define "money". I'm not trying to be cagey, but cold hard cash is only one type of money. Economist recognize other types of wealth creation as adding "money" to economy. (M0, M1, M2...see wiki links below) example: you put $1,000 into the bank. The bank then loans that money out to a business. There is now, in effect, $2,000 in the system. The $1,000 in cold hard cash, and the loan, which is worth $1,000 dollars. Now that business uses the money to pay it's workers that month. The money goes into the employee's bank accounts (back to the bank). The bank then loan the SAME $1,000 to another business - and now there are TWO loans...the bank has CREATED two thousand dollars (in loans) ...which can be bought and sold on financial markets. wash, rinse, repeat....most of the money in circulation is actually money created by banks - this is the real reason why governments bail out the banks...they keep the economy expanding by "creating money" without printing new bills. This is VASTLY oversimplified for ELI5 for more information: URL_0 URL_1


Question: Why don‘t more building have a rooftop terrace?

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 Why don‘t more building have a rooftop terrace?

From my perspective (HVAC engineer)it comes down to 2 things - cost and space allocation. It does cost more to make the roof ‘hospitable’. Without a terrace, the roof of a commercial building is effectively no different than a mechanical room or a basement - just outside. Making it someplace that people can easily access and want to hang out costs extra. Depending on what type of HVAC system the building has, there may be limited space on the roof. Typically, any building with a rooftop terrace is also the type of place that may want individual heating and or cooling units for each condo (I know some apartments have rooftop terraces too, just not as common). These take up space and will typically be located over the top of the corridors to limit noise transmission into the housing units. There are also at least 1 but, more often 2 HVAC units to serve the corridors themselves. Add in any exhaust fans (trash room, parking garage, generator room, transformer room) which require a 10’ distance from air intakes, and space becomes a premium. I have seen buildings with a ‘rooftop’ terrace that is effectively one side of the building with the actual roof rising up another floor occupying the other side of the building. The issue there is that the entire thing is essentially usable space that could be housing units but it’s now amenity space that can’t be sold. The price of the other units has to make up for the extra square footage. Or the homeowners dues. Long answer to a short question.