. the deferred tax liabilities originated based on purchase accounting decisions made in connection with the nalco merger and champion acquisition and were the result of extensive studies required to calculate the impact at the purchase date . the remaining foreign earnings were repatriated in 2016 , thus reducing the deferred tax liabilities to zero as of december 31 , 2016 . the company files u.s . federal income tax returns and income tax returns in various u.s . state and non- u.s . jurisdictions