total compensation expense for stock options and incentive shares was $ 115 , $ 159 and $ 30 for 2017 , 2016 and 2015 , respectively , of which $ 5 , $ 14 and $ 6 was included in discontinued operations . the decrease in expense for 2017 reflects the impact of changes in the stock price . the increase in expense for 2016 reflects an increasing stock price in the current year compared with a decreasing price in 2015 , and overlap of awards