- , Marc;
-
- Publisher
- Lancet Publishing
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2016
- Description
- Background: Randomised trials have shown that alteplase improves the odds of a good outcome when delivered within 4·5·8%] of 3391 patients allocated alteplase vs 44 [1·3%] of 3365 patients allocated control; odds ratio [OR] 5·55 [95% CI 4·01–7·70]; absolute excess 5·5% [4·6–6·4]); of SITS-MOST haemorrhage (124 [3·7%] of 3391 vs 19 [0·6%] of 3365; OR 6·67 [4·11–10·84]; absolute excess 3·1% [2·4–3·8]); and of fatal intracerebral haemorrhage (91 [2·7%] of 3391 vs 13 [0·4%] of 3365; OR 7·14 [3·98–12·79]; absolute excess 2·3% [1·7–2·9]).·5% (0·8–2·6%) for strokes with NIHSS 0–4 to 3·7% (2·1–6·3%) for NIHSS 22 or more (p=0·0101). For patients treated within 4·5 h, the absolute increase in the proportion (6·8% [4·0% to 9·5%]) achieving a modified Rankin Scale of 0 or 1 (excellent outcome) exceeded the absolute increase in risk of fatal intracerebral haemorrhage (2·2% [1·5% to 3·0%]) and the increased risk of any death within 90 days (0·9% [–1·4% to 3·2%]). Interpretation: Among patients given alteplase, the net outcome is predicted both by time to treatment (with faster time increasing the proportion achieving an excellent outcome) and stroke severity (with a more severe stroke increasing the absolute risk of intracerebral haemorrhage). Although, within 4·5 h of stroke, the probability of achieving an excellent outcome with alteplase treatment exceeds the risk of death, early treatment is especially important for patients with severe stroke.16
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