TY - JOUR T1 - Age-related differences in seeking clarification to understand medical record information JF - Information Research Y1 - 2019 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Jonas Moll A1 - Heidi Enwald A1 - Noora Hirvonen A1 - Rose-Mharie Åhlfeldt A1 - Åsa Cajander KW - age KW - elderly KW - information seeking KW - Medical records KW - Older adults KW - young AB - Introduction Patient accessible electronic health records can be used to inform and empower patients. However, their use may require complementary information seeking since they can be difficult to interpret. So far, relatively little is known of the information seeking that takes place in connection to health record use, and especially the way it varies in different age groups. A better understanding of patients' preferences of where and how to find explanatory information provides valuable input for the development of health information provision and counselling services. Method. The analysis is based on the results of a national survey of Swedish individuals (N=1,411) who had used a national patient accessible electronic health record system (Journalen). Analysis. The data were analysed in SPSS 24.0 using Kruskal-Wallis tests for detecting group-wise differences and Jonckheere-Terpstra tests for discovering age-related trends in the data. Findings. Older patients were more likely to use a telephone and younger patients to use social contacts to ask for clarification. Generally, older adults born between 1946-1960 appear as passive information seekers. Conclusion. Age groups differ in their preferences on how to seek clarification, which underlines the importance of a better understanding of individual differences in delivering not only technically but also intellectually accessible health information. Calling by telephone could be a habit of present older generations whereas, to a degree, searching information online could be a comparable habit of current younger generations. VL - 24 UR - http://www.informationr.net/ir/24-1/isic2018/isic1834.html ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Contract archaeology T2 - Research Outside the Academy: Professional Knowledge-Making in the Digital Age Y1 - 2019 A1 - Lisa Börjesson A1 - Isto Huvila ED - Lisa Börjesson ED - Isto Huvila KW - Contract archaeology Archaeology Cultural heritage Fieldwork Quality Conditions Information sources AB - The rapid expansion of contract archaeology as the primary sector of archaeological knowledge-making in many developed countries make it an illustrative example of which effects the organization and re-organization of a particular knowledge-producing sector affects the conditions for how knowledge can be made. The proliferation of contracted extra-mural work in different countries has shown the importance of adequate guidelines and careful consideration of how and what to regulate to reach desirable outcomes. In addition, contract archaeology provides insights into the difficulties of keeping together extra- and intra-mural knowledge-making enterprises even when they share the same outspoken objectives. JF - Research Outside the Academy: Professional Knowledge-Making in the Digital Age PB - Palgrave Macmillan CY - Basingstoke UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94177-6\_6 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Differences in Health Information Literacy Competencies Among Older Adults, Elderly and Younger Citizens T2 - Information Literacy in Everyday Life. ECIL 2018. Communications in Computer and Information Science Y1 - 2019 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Noora Hirvonen A1 - Heidi Enwald A1 - Rose-Mharie Åhlfeldt ED - Serap Kurbanoğlu ED - Sonja Špiranec ED - Yurdagül Ünal ED - Joumana Boustany ED - Maija Leena Huotari ED - Esther Grassian ED - Diane Mizrachi ED - Loriene Roy KW - Health information literacy Older adults Elderly Young AB - To address the research gap on age-based differences in health information literacy (HIL), we investigated how younger (born 1960-) and older adults (1946-1960), and elderly citizens (-1945) differed from each other by their HIL competencies. Data were collected with an online survey of patients using the Swedish national electronic health record system. Altogether, 2,587 users responded. One-way ANOVA with post hoc tests revealed several differences between the groups: younger adults were less likely to value health information than older adults; older adults and elderly were least likely to compare information from multiple sources and had trouble in determining health information needs; older adults were most likely to have trouble understanding health terminology and the elderly to have difficulties in understanding medicinal package labels. The study shows that HIL is not necessarily improving or declining but adapting to challenges of advanced age. JF - Information Literacy in Everyday Life. ECIL 2018. Communications in Computer and Information Science PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Learning to work between information infrastructures JF - Information Research Y1 - 2019 A1 - Isto Huvila KW - Documentation KW - information behaviour KW - information infrastructures KW - information work KW - learning AB - This study investigates the implications of the interplay of multiple information infrastructures to learning and conducting work and to its related information work practices, and how the materialities of work and its infrastructures play into their intermingling. The present study is based on an ethnography of a week-long archaeological teaching excavation conducted by the author. The excavation took place on a lithic site in a Nordic country in Spring 2016. The analysis of the ethnographic data was based on constant comparative method and close reading. Four major information infrastructures were identified in the empirical setting. They and their diverging materialities were intimately linked to how information work was conducted at the excavation. The presence of two infrastructures designed for the same purposes of documenting the site and excavation process caused problems with scheduling and managing the work, but did at the same time make their associated premises and infrastructural obligations visible for the participants of the excavation. The older of these two infrastructures played a potentially important role as an infrastructural stalwart, an infrastructure that stabilised another infrastructure. The presence of parallel, overlapping information infrastructures makes them visible and potentially less effective but also unveils their underpinnings for learning and insights in their role in information work. VL - 24 UR - http://www.informationr.net/ir/24-2/paper819.html ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Management of archaeological information and knowledge in digital environment T2 - Knowledge Management, Arts and Humanities Y1 - 2019 A1 - Isto Huvila ED - Meliha Handzic AB - Digital technologies have had a major impact on archaeological information work. This chapter provides insights into how archaeological information and knowledge are managed in the digital environment, what major challenges can be identified in that particular domain and what insights for information and knowledge management research and practice can be drawn from a better understanding of archaeological information work. From the perspective of information and knowledge management research and practice, a closer look at archaeological work as a domain can, for instance, inform the development of strategies for managing temporal and epistemological diversity. Major challenges in the management of archaeological information and knowledge include how to address diverse perspectives and needs of different stakeholders and how to better manage social information processes and socially mediated information in addition to formal data and documentation. JF - Knowledge Management, Arts and Humanities PB - Springer CY - Cham UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10922-6_8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mapping Our Heritage: Towards a Sustainable Future for Digital Spatial Information and Technologies in European Archaeological Heritage Management JF - Journal of Computer Applications in Archaeology Y1 - 2019 A1 - Peter McKeague A1 - Rein van't Veer A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Anne Moreau A1 - Philip Verhagen A1 - Loup Bernard A1 - Anwen Cooper A1 - Chris Green A1 - Niels van Manen KW - digital archaeological data KW - heritage management KW - spatial technology KW - sustainability AB - The enormous increase in digital spatial information has led archaeologists all over Europe to rely ever more on digital data to prepare and carry out archaeological research, both in academic and heritage management contexts. Spatial information is increasingly used to guide heritage management policies, from urban design to rural planning and tourism. Furthermore, spatial information is more and more employed to involve the general public, using digital technologies in museums and other places of archaeological interest, but also to involve amateur archaeologists in data collection programmes using crowdsourcing. With this proliferation of data and data use, issues of sustainability of digital data repositories, accessibility and reliability of data, standardization of data formats and management of property rights are currently widely debated inside and outside archaeology. However, they have not yet led to generally accepted practices of data management across or even within European countries. In this paper, we sketch the state-of-the-art of archaeological spatial data management, identify the major problem areas and reflect on potential improvements. We conclude that technical solutions are available, but will need a long-term transnational strategy in order fulfill the promise of open and sustainable spatial archaeological data for all user groups involved. VL - 2 UR - https://journal.caa-international.org/articles/10.5334/jcaa.23/ ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anticipating ageing: Older adults reading their medical records JF - Information Processing & Management Y1 - 2018 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Heidi Enwald A1 - Kristina Eriksson-Backa A1 - Noora Hirvonen A1 - Hai Nguyen A1 - Isabella Scandurra KW - Health information KW - Health information behaviour KW - Medical records KW - Older adults KW - Personal information management AB - In spite of the general interest in health information behaviour, there is little earlier research on how older adults, who are still active in working life but approaching retirement, differ from other age groups. A survey with Swedish patients who had ordered and read their medical record was conducted to map the preferences and motivations of older adults (born 1946-1960) ordering a copy of their medical record, and using medical records based e-health and information services in the future. The results do not indicate an obvious linear relationship between age and motivation to use online health information but show several differences between the age groups. Older adults were less interested in communication with their medical doctor by e-mail. Yet, they had searched health information in the Internet during the last week more likely than young. They were more inclined to read medical record to get an overview of their health than young, but less confident that they understood most of the content or turn to their family and friends to seek help than the elderly. When compared to younger adults and elderly people, older adults are the least confident and least motivated to use online health information. It is suggested that older adulthood can be seen as a transitory stage of life when the need of health information increases and engagement with health changes. The results agree with prior research on the potential usefulness of (online) medical records as a way to inform citizens. However, specific provision strategies may be necessary to match the needs and motivations of different age groups. VL - 54 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Archaeological information work and the digital turn T2 - Archaeology and Archaeological Information in the Digital Society Y1 - 2018 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Lisa Börjesson A1 - Nicoló dell'Unto A1 - Daniel Löwenborg A1 - Bodil Petersson A1 - Per Stenborg ED - Isto Huvila AB - Embracing digitality is to a large degree a question of competence of critically understanding a branch of technologies, their use, usefulness and direct and indirect cultural repercussions. It is fair to claim that both quantitatively and qualitatively, there is more archaeological and archaeologically relevant information than before and new copious possibilities to use and reuse, analyse and reanalyse this information. A vital aspect in the process is to maintain a critical sensitivity to the limits of both large and narrow categories and an understanding of their consequences to archaeological information work and the conduct of archaeology. This is a task of all archaeological information workers from field archaeologists to geographic information system specialists, curators and information managers, and obviously, especially those who are engaged in educating and training future generations of professionals. JF - Archaeology and Archaeological Information in the Digital Society PB - Routledge CY - London ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Archaeological Knowledge Production and Global Communities: Boundaries and Structure of the Field JF - Open Archaeology Y1 - 2018 A1 - Rimvydas Laužikas A1 - Costis Dallas A1 - Suzie Thomas A1 - Ingrida Kelpšien\.e A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Pedro Luengo A1 - Helena Nobre A1 - Marina Toumpouri A1 - Vykintas Vaitkevičius KW - archaeology-related communities KW - digital heritage KW - nonprofessional archaeology KW - semiosphere theory KW - Yuri Lotman AB - Archaeology and material cultural heritage enjoys a particular status as a form of heritage that, capturing the public imagination, has become the locus for the expression and negotiation of regional, national, and intra-national cultural identities. One important question is: why and how do contemporary people engage with archaeological heritage objects, artefacts, information or knowledge outside the realm of an professional, academically-based archaeology? This question is investigated here from the perspective of theoretical considerations based on Yuri Lotmans semiosphere theory, which helps to describe the connections between the centre and peripheries of professional archaeology as sign structures. The centre may be defined according to prevalent scientific paradigms, while periphery in the space of creolisation in which, through interactions with other culturally more distant sign structures, archaeology-related nonprofessional communities emerge. On the basis of these considerations, we use collocation analysis on representative English language corpora to outline the structure of the field of archaeology-related nonprofessional communities, identify salient creolised peripheral spaces and archaeology-related practices, and develop a framework for further investigation of archaeological knowledge production and reuse in the context of global archaeology. VL - 4 UR - http://doi.org/10.1515/opar-2018-0022 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Archaeological Practices, Knowledge Work and Digitalisation JF - Journal of Computer Applications in Archaeology Y1 - 2018 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Jeremy Huggett KW - archaeological practices KW - digital practices KW - digital tools KW - information work KW - knowledge work KW - practices KW - technology AB - Defining what constitute archaeological practices is a prerequisite for understanding where and how archaeological and archaeologically relevant information and knowledge are made, what counts as archaeological information, and where the limits are situated. The aim of this position paper, developed as a part of the COST action Archaeological practices and knowledge work in the digital environment (www.arkwork.eu), is to highlight the need for at least a relative consensus on the extents of archaeological practices in order to be able to understand and develop archaeological practices and knowledge work in the contemporary digital context. The text discusses approaches to study archaeological practices and knowledge work including Nicolinis notions of zooming in and zooming out, and proposes that a distinction between archaeological and archaeology-related practices could provide a way to negotiate the archaeologicality of diverse practices. VL - 1 UR - https://doi.org/10.5334/jcaa.6 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Archaeology and Archaeological Information in the Digital Society Y1 - 2018 A1 - Isto Huvila KW - archaeological information KW - Archaeological Theory KW - archaeology KW - Documentation KW - Humanities KW - information studies KW - Politics of Archaeology AB - Archaeology and Archaeological Information in the Digital Society shows how the digitization of archaeological information, tools and workflows, and their interplay with both old and new non-digital practices throughout the archaeological information process, affect the outcomes of archaeological work, and in the end, our general understanding of the human past. Whereas most of the literature related to archaeological information work has been based on practical and theoretical considerations within specific areas of archaeology, this innovative volume combines and integrates intra- and extra-disciplinary perspectives to archaeological work, looking at archaeology from both the inside and outside. With fields studies from museums and society, and pioneering new academic research, Archaeology and Archaeological Information in the Digital Society will interest archaeologists across the board. Contents Introduction / Isto Huvila Digital archaeological data for future knowledge-making / Lisa Börjesson and Isto Huvila Knowledge Production with Data from Archaeological Excavations / Daniel Löwenborg 3D Models and Knowledge Production / Nicolo dell'Unto From storing to storytelling - archaeological museums and digitisation / Bodil Petersson (text), in collaboration with Carolina Larsson (illustrations and technical explanations) On the potentials and limitations of digital mediation of archaeological information / Per Stenborg Ecology of archaeological information work / Isto Huvila Archaeological information work and the digital turn / Isto Huvila, Lisa Börjesson, Nicolo Dell'Unto, Daniel Löwenborg, Bodil Petersson and Per Stenborg Epilogue / Isto Huvila PB - Routledge CY - London UR - https://www.routledge.com/Archaeology-and-Archaeological-Information-in-the-Digital-Society/HUVILA/p/book/9780415788434 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Ecology of archaeological information work T2 - Archaeology and Archaeological Information in the Digital Society Y1 - 2018 A1 - Isto Huvila ED - Isto Huvila AB - Bringing together insights from the earlier chapters of this book and empirical work on archaeological information work in the context of the ARKDIS research project, this chapter sets to propose a more systematic understanding of the contemporary archaeological information work. Building on systems thinking, Gibsonian ecological approach and the work of Pickering and Stengers, the chapter proposes a model of archaeological information process based on the metaphor of making and taking information rather than that of a flow of information from producers to its users. JF - Archaeology and Archaeological Information in the Digital Society PB - Routledge CY - London ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Epilogue T2 - Archaeology and Archaeological Information in the Digital Society Y1 - 2018 A1 - Isto Huvila ED - Isto Huvila AB - Embracing digitality is to a large degree a question of competence of critically understanding a branch of technologies, their use, usefulness and direct and indirect cultural repercussions. It is fair to claim that both quantitatively and qualitatively, there is more archaeological and archaeologically relevant information than before and new copious possibilities to use and reuse, analyse and reanalyse this information. A vital aspect in the process is to maintain a critical sensitivity to the limits of both large and narrow categories and an understanding of their consequences to archaeological information work and the conduct of archaeology. This is a task of all archaeological information workers from field archaeologists to geographic information system specialists, curators and information managers, and obviously, especially those who are engaged in educating and training future generations of professionals. JF - Archaeology and Archaeological Information in the Digital Society PB - Routledge CY - London ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Introduction T2 - Archaeology and Archaeological Information in the Digital Society Y1 - 2018 A1 - Isto Huvila ED - Isto Huvila AB - Vast volumes of data are created every year in contract archaeology. To unlock the potential for knowledge-making from this information, it is necessary to make it possible to reuse and aggregate information from heterogeneous sources. This data is usually unstandardised and difficult to use, and thus, seldom used where the results from different excavations need to be used in combination. The information that contains the empirical base for archaeology, that is, the material remains of past human activities, cannot efficiently contribute to archaeological knowledge production. This chapter explore how it might be possible to rework archaeological GIS data for reuse in research. The scope is to make it possible to use this exhaustive body of information for analyses that go beyond the scope of a single excavation or project. If archaeologists could use all the information produced in a structured way to explore the historical processes behind the data, it would be possible to start asking a whole range of new questions. For such analysis to reach full potential, it will also be necessary to adapt new methods for data analysis, building on the development of computational methods for exploring large datasets. JF - Archaeology and Archaeological Information in the Digital Society PB - Routledge CY - London ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Taking excavation to a virtual world: importing archaeological spatial data to Second Life and OpenSim Y1 - 2018 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Kari Uotila AB - The benefits of analysing and presenting archaeological spatial data in an interactive 3D environment have been discussed extensively in the literature. This paper reports of a R&D project that explored the possibilities of presenting archaeological information in virtual worlds with a specific focus on presenting and using actual documentation data captured by total stations and laser scanners directly in virtual worlds. Field trials were conducted in Second Life and OpenSim environments. The findings indicated that Second Life was a preferred environment because of the relatively large existing ecology of individual and institutional users. The proprietary nature of the environment and the consequent limitations to data transfer and the control of the world did, however, make the importing, linkage and manipulation of data problematic. OpenSim allowed a total control of the environment, but lacked certain technical features implemented in Second Life together with a comparable, large population of users. UR - http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-346906 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Archaeology of no names? The social productivity of anonymity in the archaeological information process JF - ephemera Y1 - 2017 A1 - Isto Huvila KW - anonymity archaeology knowledge production information naming authorship invisibility fieldwork AB - The portrait gallery of archaeology presents a conspicuous mix of discoveries of the great characters of the past and an everyday labour of faceless individuals of the past and present in the service of archaeology and archaeological knowledge. The aim of this text is to discuss the premises and conditions of why and how the anonymisation happens in the archaeological information process and the forms of social productivity (or consequences) of the anonymous moves. Anonymity becomes a boundary object that is authored in the course of the switchings from netdom to another to emerge as a particular type of social relation and a constituent of a social imaginary of being archaeological. VL - 17 UR - http://ephemerajournal.org/contribution/archaeology-no-names-social-productivity-anonymity-archaeological-information-process ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Archiv T2 - Digitalisierung Y1 - 2017 A1 - Isto Huvila ED - Gertraud Koch JF - Digitalisierung PB - UVK CY - Konstanz SN - 3867646104 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Archive T2 - Digitisation: Theories and Concepts for Empirical Cultural Research Y1 - 2017 A1 - Isto Huvila ED - Gertraud Koch AB - In the contemporary society, archive is a common metaphor of memory and permanence and it can refer to a collection of old files and web pages at the same time as it has a specific, rather different meaning in the context of the keeping of formal archives. This chapter brings together formal and informal understandings of archive and explicates how understanding of this particular cultural technique and a practice of collecting, preserving and making materials available helps us to unravel something very fundamental of the underpinnings of the aspirations to digitise and keep digital artefacts in the contemporary society. JF - Digitisation: Theories and Concepts for Empirical Cultural Research PB - Routledge CY - London ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Boundary objects in Information Science JF - JASIST Y1 - 2017 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Theresa Dirndorfer Anderson A1 - Eva Hourihan Jansen A1 - Pam McKenzie A1 - Adam Worrall KW - boundaries KW - boundary objects KW - information science AB - Boundary objects are abstract or physical artefacts that exist in the liminal spaces between adjacent communities of people. The theory of BOs was originally introduced by Star and Griesemer in a study on information practices at the Berkeley Museum of Vertebrate Zoology but has since been adapted in a broad range of research contexts in a large number of disciplines including the various branches of information science. The aim of this review article is to present an overview of the state of the art of information science research informed by the theory of BOs, critically discuss the notion, and propose a structured overview of how the notion has been applied in the study of information. VL - 68 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Commentary: Taking Us to the Past and the Past to Us T2 - The Archaeology of Time Travel Y1 - 2017 A1 - Isto Huvila ED - Bodil Petersson ED - Cornelius Holtorf JF - The Archaeology of Time Travel PB - Archaeopress CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distrust, mistrust, untrust and information practices JF - Information Research Y1 - 2017 A1 - Isto Huvila KW - information behaviour KW - trust AB - Introduction. We report the results of an investigation of the role and implications of the shortage of trust (untrust), mistrust and distrust in the context of information work. Whereas trust has been discussed extensively in information studies literature, its dark side has been largely omitted before. Method. The conceptual discussion is based on empirical material gathered using thematic interviews of (N=17) Swedish archaeology professionals with special interest in the management of archaeological information. Analysis. The analysis of the interviews was based on a method drawing from the constant comparative method and close reading of the transcripts. Results. The analysis shows that it is possible to distinguish systemic factors related to components, systemic processes and environment that contribute to the emergence and persistence of trust, distrust, mistrust and untrust, and shifts between the different modes of (un)confidence. Conclusion. Distrust, mistrust and untrust have related but distinct influence on information work, they coexist with trust and can have similarly positive implications for the information activities. Finally, similarly to distrust and trust, also untrust and mistrust can be conceptualised following Luhmann as strategies of reducing uncertainty. VL - 22 UR - http://www.informationr.net/ir/22-1/isic/isic1617.html ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Eurooppalainen COST-ARKWORK -verkosto tutkii arkeologista työtä ja tiedontuotantoa JF - Muinaistutkija Y1 - 2017 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Johanna Enqvist A1 - Suzie Thomas A1 - Kari Uotila JO - European COST-ARKWORK network studies archaeological work and knowledge production ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Land developers and archaeological information JF - Open Information Science Y1 - 2017 A1 - Isto Huvila KW - archaeology KW - information needs KW - information use KW - land development KW - usefulness KW - value AB - Land developers are significant stakeholders of archaeological work in the developed world. A better understanding of their information practices is crucial for the preservation and management of archaeological heritage. This study investigates land developers' use, needs and conceptions of the usefulness- value of archaeological information and their views of development-led archaeological process. The findings are based on a survey of Finnish and Swedish land developers (N=34) that have contracted and financed archaeological fieldwork. The results show that the most useful information for land developers is data on the spatial location of archaeological sites but that the situation is much more nuanced than often suggested. Even if the most of the respondents were rather satisfied with the current situation, the lack of information can have major consequences and there are several obstacles to obtain relevant information. Extensive reliance on people sources can be seen both a symptom of the current problems and an indication of the importance of closer collaboration between archaeologists and land developers. Further, the study shows that the different levels of the perceived usefulness of specific types of archaeological information can be explained by the different regimes determining their worth in the two communities. VL - 1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The meaning of interoperability and its implications for archival institutions: challenges and opportunities in Croatia, Finland and Sweden JF - Information Research Y1 - 2017 A1 - Sanjica Faletar Tanacković A1 - Koraljka Golub A1 - Isto Huvila KW - archives KW - cultural institutions KW - interoperability KW - knowledge organization AB - Introduction. This exploratory study aims to map the premises of developing interoperability of archival holdings and the understanding of how ?interoperability? is understood from an operational perspective at archival institutions. The study is based on a comparative survey of the views of archivists from Croatian, Finnish and Swedish archives on the perceived needs, barriers and preferences regarding online access and interoperability of a their metadata and holdings. Method. A web survey comprising 35 multiple-choice and open-ended questions focusing on current state and plans regarding online access and interoperability of the holdings and metadata of the institutions was sent out to archives in Croatia, Finland and Sweden in autumn 2015. Analysis. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses were carried out on the data, which related to 45 individual archives. Quantitative analysis employed the statistical package SPSS, while the qualitative analysis referred to content analysis of open questions by one of the researchers. Results. While the respondents are unanimous in their opinion that interoperability is important for their institutions and useful for their users, the current level of interoperability and the online access to holdings provided by the responding institutions in discrepancy with this opinion. The lack of resources and expertise could be traced back to the shortage of interest at strategic and managerial level. Conclusion. The findings suggest that there are several obstacles in the way to providing improved interoperability and online access to archival holdings and metadata. At the same time, there is a lack of conceptual agency that would try to redefine the problem and try to choose appropriate methods, develop meanings and relations between the concept of interoperability and the principles of archival work. VL - 22 UR - http://www.informationr.net/ir/22-1/colis/colis1653.html ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The subtle difference between knowledge and 3D knowledge JF - Hamburger Journal für Kulturanthropologie Y1 - 2017 A1 - Isto Huvila KW - 3d AB - This article discusses the implications of how attaching three-dimensional artefacts with different labels such as visualisation, model or virtual form have an impact on the artefact itself, how it is produced and received, and in the end, how the artefact engages in knowledge production, and what kind of knowledge comes out of the process. It is proposed that there is not only a difference between knowledge and three-dimensional knowledge, but also between knowledge derived from artefacts called by different names. The three-dimensional artefacts are intermediaries or boundary objects between the past and the present, and the makers and users of these objects. Taking the differences in names and how they are linked to epistemological differences seriously and making them visible is argued to be a key to a more reflexive and productive making and use of three-dimensional artefacts. VL - 7 UR - https://journals.sub.uni-hamburg.de/hjk/article/view/1196 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Workplace information sharing: A generational approach JF - Information Research Y1 - 2017 A1 - Gunilla Widén A1 - Farhan Ahmad A1 - Isto Huvila KW - generational differences KW - information sharing KW - workplace information AB - Introduction. Managing information sharing in organizations requires an understanding of information behaviour at several levels. The aim of this short paper is to add the generational approach to the understanding of workplace information sharing. Method. A survey was conducted in a multinational organization (n=237) to explore different factors affecting workplace information sharing and learning. Analysis. An ANOVA F test was carried out to analyse possible generational differences in workplace information sharing activities and attitudes. Results. The findings show that generational factors are not a straightforward predictor of differences in information sharing practices in the workplace. Some differences were found concerning information consciousness and information sending activities. Conclusion. The preliminary results indicate some generational differences in information sharing practices and attitudes. Further studies need to be done using a mixed-methods approach to get a more nuanced picture of inter- and intragenerational differences. VL - 22 UR - http://www.informationr.net/ir/22-1/isic/isics1604.html ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Awkwardness of becoming a boundary object: Mangle and materialities of reports, documentation data and the archaeological work JF - The Information Society Y1 - 2016 A1 - Isto Huvila AB - Information about an archaeological investigation is documented in an archaeological report, which makes it the boundary object par excellence for archaeological information work across stakeholder communities such as field archaeologists, heritage managers, and land developers. The quality of reports has been a subject of debate, and recently it has been argued that more emphasis should be placed on making primary research data at least similarly available. This study explores the changing materialities and reciprocal formation of documents and their users with the advent of digitization, and how documents form and lose their status as boundary objects in these processes. The study posits that in order to be functional, a boundary object needs to provide a disclosure that makes it accessible to cognate communities. Further, it shows how assumptions about the functioning of the human and nonhuman (material artifacts) influence the ways in which archaeologists conceptualize the preservation and archiving of archaeological information and the role and potential of different types of digital and paper-based documents. This article is based on an interview study of Swedish archaeology professionals (N D 16) with theoretical underpinnings in the notions of boundary objects, mangle of practice, and disclosure. VL - 32 UR - http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01972243.2016.1177763 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Change and stability in archives, libraries and museums: mapping professional experiences in Sweden JF - Information Research Y1 - 2016 A1 - Isto Huvila AB - Introduction. One of the most prominent topics of professional and academic archives, libraries and museums related literature revolves around the questions of change and continuity of the institutions. The aim of the study is to find how professionals conceptualise factors that contribute to continuity and change at their institutions. Method. The analysis is based on a qualitative analysis of 131 open-ended questions included in a Web survey of Swedish professionals conducted in February-March 2011. Analysis. The data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results. Borrowing from Lewin's field theory and its derivative, force-field analysis, the professional articulations of the strengths and future prospects of their institutions are interpreted in terms of strategic forces that influence change and stability at archives, libraries and museums. The study shows that the forces that impede and catalyse change are overlapping to a significant degree that indicates the possibility of disparate alternative strategy formulations for the institutions. Conclusions. More focus on defining the ownership of the strategic goals at archives, libraries and museums and defining the operating space and core domains of the organizations is essential for formulating their future strategies. VL - 21 UR - http://www.informationr.net/ir/21-1/memo/memo5.html ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Empowering Towards Healthy Behaviours T2 - Pre-conference report: Ending Childhood Obesity Actions through health and food equity Y1 - 2016 A1 - Meena Daivadanamn A1 - Åsa Cajander A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Jo-Anne Dahl ED - Madeleine Neil JF - Pre-conference report: Ending Childhood Obesity Actions through health and food equity PB - Uppsala University CY - Uppsala UR - http://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A972773&dswid=7819 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 'If we just knew who should do it', or the social organization of the archiving of archaeology in Sweden JF - Information Research Y1 - 2016 A1 - Isto Huvila AB - Introduction. This paper analyses the work practices and perspectives of professionals working with archaeological archives and the social organization of archaeological archiving and information management in Sweden. Method. The paper is based on an interview study of Swedish actors in the field of archaeological archiving (N=16). Analysis. The interviews were recorded and transcribed, then analysed using close reading. Results. We identified eight major work roles of archiving and managing archaeological information. Analysis of the recorded interviews show that there are multiple technical, legislative, conceptual and structural factors that influence and complicate the building, management and use of archaeological archives. Conclusions. Results show that the central challenge of archiving archaeology is the lack of efforts to influence and control the process by the involved actors. A mutual effort to be more explicit about concerns, needs and wishes of all participating organizations would help them to prioritise their work, take other actors concerns into account and develop their work practices to support more effectively the preservation of archaeological information. VL - 21 UR - http://www.informationr.net/ir/21-2/paper713.html ER - TY - CONF T1 - Information Work in Information Science Research and Practice T2 - Proceedings of the 2016 ASIS&T Annual Meeting, Oct 14-18, Copenhagen Y1 - 2016 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - John M. Budd A1 - Annemaree Lloyd A1 - Carole Palmer A1 - Elaine Toms ED - Andrew Grove ED - Diane H. Sonnenwald ED - Lauren Harrison ED - Catherine Blake ED - Christian Schlögl ED - Isabella Peters ED - Barbara Endler-Jobst ED - Colleen Cool ED - Yin-Leng Theng KW - concepts KW - Information KW - information work KW - work AB - Information science and technology researchers and practitioners discuss information activities a broad range of terms. A concept that often appears in colloquial discussions of information activities but that has received less systematic attention is that of information work. This panel gathers a group of information science researchers who have explicitly used the notion of information work in their research to discuss how the concept can inform information science and technology research, and practice. JF - Proceedings of the 2016 ASIS&T Annual Meeting, Oct 14-18, Copenhagen PB - ASIS&T CY - Silver Spring, MD ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Interplay Between Generations and Individual Differences in Information Sharing at the Workplace JF - Journal of Library & Information Science Y1 - 2016 A1 - Gunilla Widén A1 - Jannica Heinström A1 - Eva Österbacka A1 - Farhan Ahmad A1 - Isto Huvila VL - 42 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Opinions and use of mobile information technology among older people in Northern Finland - Preliminary results of a population based study T2 - Proceedings of the 2016 ASIS&T Annual Meeting, Oct 14-18, Copenhagen Y1 - 2016 A1 - Heidi Enwald A1 - Maarit Kangas A1 - Niina Keränen A1 - Raija Korpelainen A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Timo Jämsä ED - Andrew Grove ED - Diane H. Sonnenwald ED - Lauren Harrison ED - Catherine Blake ED - Christian Schlögl ED - Isabella Peters ED - Barbara Endler-Jobst ED - Colleen Cool ED - Yin-Leng Theng KW - aging KW - attitudes KW - information society KW - mobile information technology KW - smartphone AB - Older peoples usage of mobile devices is increasing. This study is part of the GASEL project and seeks to increase the understanding of the use of mobile information technology and opinions towards it. Opinions are compared between genders and age groups. The population based data were collected by conducting a questionnaire survey. A random sample of 1,500 adults 65 years of age or older was obtained from the Finnish Population Register Centre. The number of respondents was 918 with a response rate of 61.2 %. About one fifth (n=169) had used a tablet computer and approximately one third (n=226) had used a mobile phone with a touch screen in the past 12 months without encountering major difficulties. The respondents had mostly thought that using the devices would not be easy. They had also thought that the usage would not be too expensive for them. Men and younger old people held more positive opinions towards these new technologies. Older people are slower in adapting and accepting new technologies and this should be taken into account when designing services, applications and content, as these technologies have the potential to enrichen the lives of this specific population group. JF - Proceedings of the 2016 ASIS&T Annual Meeting, Oct 14-18, Copenhagen PB - ASIS&T CY - Silver Spring, MD ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Patients reading their medical records: differences in experiences and attitudes between regular and inexperienced readers JF - Information Research Y1 - 2016 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Mats Daniels A1 - Åsa Cajander A1 - Rose-Mharie Åhlfeldt AB - Introduction. We report results of a study of how ordering and reading of printouts of medical records by regular and inexperienced readers relate to how the records are used, to the health information practices of patients, and to their expectations of the usefulness of new e-Health services and online access to medical records. Method. The study is based on a combined postal- and Web-survey of a simple random sample of 1000 patients who ordered a paper copy of their medical records from the Uppsala county council (Sweden) with a final analysed sample of 354 returned questionnaires. Analysis. The data were analysed using SPSS 21.0 using descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variation (ANOVA) using Tamhanes T2 test, chi-squared tests and logistic regression analysis. Results. The analysis shows that individuals who had ordered a copy of their medical records in the past perceive their usefulness in broader terms than first-timers. The regular readers are also most concerned about their health and the quality of care. Conclusions. It seems that in addition to certain demographic factors, many of the variations in the data can be explained in terms of adaptive structuration theory. This is a result of a parallel structuration of patients, medical records and the paper-based and online technologies of access, and consequently how patients perceive records and the different methods of accessing and using them. VL - 21 UR - http://www.informationr.net/ir/21-1/paper706.html ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reframing the Research of Information Work with Information Leadership and Situational Appropriation of Information JF - Journal of Library & Information Science Y1 - 2016 A1 - Isto Huvila VL - 42 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Some remarks on the possibility of extending the theory of polyrepresentation to the study of the relevance and qualities of 'things' represented in information collections T2 - Ogledi o informacijskim znanostima - Zbornik radova u č Tatjane Aparac-Jelušić Y1 - 2016 A1 - Isto Huvila ED - Loretana Farkaš ED - Dijana Vican ED - Sanjica Faletar Tanacković ED - Martina Dragija Ivanović KW - information collections KW - polyrepresentation KW - scopes of relevance AB - This chapter explores some possible directions of future research on the contextual aspects of the phenomenon of polyrepresentation and the usability of the notion to understand the nature and scope of relevance of informative things held at diverse collections and the nature of the collections. The eventual relevance of the proposed approach relates to bringing together contextual information from across the broad spectrum of general and specialised information collections and institutions including libraries, museums, archives and a broad range of public and commercial web services and thus contribute to understanding of the premises of the interoperability of information collections. JF - Ogledi o informacijskim znanostima - Zbornik radova u č Tatjane Aparac-Jelušić PB - Filozofski fakultet u Osijeku & Sveučilište u Zadru CY - Osijek, Zadar ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Taking Health Information Behaviour into Account in the design of e-health services JF - Finnish Journal of eHealth and eWelfare Y1 - 2016 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Stefan Ek A1 - Heidi Enwald A1 - Kristina Eriksson-Backa A1 - Noora Hirvonen A1 - Helena Känsäkoski KW - consumer health information KW - health literacy KW - information seeking behavior KW - technology KW - telemedicine AB - The aim of this article is to bring forward the benefits of a better integration of a comprehensive understanding of individuals information behaviour in the design and development of e-health services. This study is a descriptive review based on a non-exhaustive selection of literature that describes the state-of-the-art, problems and opportunities identified in e-health, health information behaviour and health information literacy research. By focusing on how to tailor the information provided and the technological devices to fit the information behaviour, the approach has also potential to uncover new insights into how to adequately implement and integrate ICTs into everyday life practices of other hard-to-reach groups in society. We presuppose that it will be possible to give practical recommendations based on a combined understanding of individual differences in health information behaviour and users expectations and experiences, acquired through empirical studies focusing on older adults. Moreover, the usefulness of health information literacy as an indicator of the patterns and competences related to health information behaviour is highlighted. VL - 8 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Cancerpatienter och användningen av journal via nätet Y1 - 2015 A1 - Hanife Rexhepi A1 - Åsa Cajander A1 - Rose-Mharie Åhlfeldt A1 - Isto Huvila KW - cancer KW - medical record KW - patient AB - I tre år har patienter i landstinget i Uppsala kunnat läsa sina journaler via nätet och haft tillgång till en rad eHälsotjänster såsom att följa remisser, se läkemedelslista och den lista med namn på vårdpersonal som använt deras journal. Att patienter skulle kunna fara illa när de får svåra besked via sin journal på nätet var en av många farhågor som Uppsala Allmänna Läkarföreningen (UAL) hade när projektet med direktåtkomst sjösattes hösten 2012 inom ramen för ett EU-projekt, SUSTAINS. Andra farhågor som UAL hade gällde att patienterna inte skulle förstå texten i journalen, och att de skulle bli oroade utan att ha möjlighet att fråga någon vårdpersonal om t ex provsvar. För att ta reda på patientens upplevelser av och förväntningar på e-tjänsten ”Min journal” genomfördes en intervjustudie med 30 cancerpatienter på Onkologen, Akademiska sjukhuset i Uppsala som en del av det Vinnovafinansierade DOME-projektet. Resultatet av intervjuerna ger en bra bild av varför patienter läser sin journal och använder eHälsotjänster samt varför man väljer att inte läsa sin journal. Bland annat framgår av resultatet att en stor majoritet av patienterna är positiva till tjänsten och upplever att det finns en nytta med att kunna läsa sin journal. Bland annat tycks tillgången till journalen förbättra möjligheten till förberedelser inför ett läkarbesök och öka tryggheten och delaktigheten i den egna vården. Även de patienter som inte har erfarenheter av att läsa sin journal via nätet ser en viktig nytta med tjänsten. Vidare upplever några patienter en oro över att obehöriga ska få tillgång till informationen. Det finns dock en underliggande förväntan hos samtliga patienter att e-tjänsten håller hög säkerhetsnivå. Av studien kan man dra slutsatsen att det finns ett behov av att studera hur e-tjänsten ”Min journal” kan länkas med övriga eHälsotjänster som ett led i att effektivisera tillgången till information. UR - http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn%3Anbn%3Ase%3Ahis%3Adiva-11726 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Information Policy for (Digital) Information in Archaeology: current state and suggestions for development JF - Internet Archaeology Y1 - 2015 A1 - Lisa Börjesson A1 - Bodil Petersson A1 - Isto Huvila KW - cultural heritage sector KW - digital agendas KW - digital archaeology KW - digital heritage KW - Digital humanities KW - digital museums KW - digitization KW - information policy AB -

The introduction of digital data capturing and management technologies has transformed information practices in archaeology. Digital documentation and digital infrastructures are integrated in archaeologists' daily work now more than ever. International and national institutions and projects have contributed to the development of digital archiving and curation practices. Because knowledge production in archaeology depends heavily on documentation and information dissemination, and on retrieval of past documentation, the question of how information is managed is profoundly intertwined with the possibilities for knowledge production. Regulations at different levels articulate demands and expectations from the emerging digital information practices, but how are these different regulations coordinated, and do they support archaeological knowledge production? In this article we look into the state of information policy - the sum of principles guiding decisions about information - in archaeology and related areas. The aim of the article is to shed light on how information policy directs practice in archaeology, and to show that analysis of such policies is therefore vital. Information policy in legislation and guidelines in Swedish archaeology serves as a case study, and examples from development-led archaeology and the museum sector illustrate how information policies have varied roles across different heritage sectors. There are historical and local trajectories in the policy documents specific to Sweden, but the discussion shows that the emergence of Swedish policies have many parallels with processes in other countries. The article provides recommendations for information policy development for archaeology and related areas.

VL - 40 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Patients' Perceptions of their Medical Records from Different Subject Positions JF - JASIST Y1 - 2015 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Åsa Cajander A1 - Mats Daniels A1 - Rose-Mharie Åhlfeldt AB - Better knowledge of the habits and preferences of patients helps one understand why and how patients might need or want to access health services online and offline. Such knowledge provides a basis for designing systems for providing complementary health information. This article discusses how patients' conceptualizations of their health-information-related preferences, motivations, and needs are linked to the perceived role of medical records as an informational artifact. We identified seven subject positions: (P1) Hypothetically positive to e-health services generally, (P2) Positive to reading medical records due to implications, (P3) Positive to all Internet use including medical records online, (P4) Distrustful and wants to be in control of health treatment, (P5) Worried about health, (P6) Wants communication with health care professionals, and (P7) Do not understand their medical record. These subject positions can explain the worry and enthusiasm documented in earlier literature. The diversity of subject positions implies that health care information services should be planned with different subject positions in mind rather than a simple demographic group. Special attention needs to be given to finding flexible solutions that address the opportunities and worries of the identified subject positions. VL - 66 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Studying games from the viewpoint of information T2 - Game research methods : An overview Y1 - 2015 A1 - Olle Sköld A1 - Suellen Adams A1 - J. Tuomas Harviainen A1 - Isto Huvila ED - Petri Lankoski ED - Staffan Björk AB - H ow do players find out what they need to know in order to succeed at the tasks set before them, like defeating a friend in a game of Starcraft II (Blizzard Entertainment, 2010) or recruiting competent guild members? How is gameplay behavior and player experience impacted by player interaction with online discussion boards, wikis, in-game chat channels, and gaming friends? In this chapter, our aim is to show how methods and modes of interpretation associated with the notion of information can facilitate game research and help answer inquiries like the ones above—and many others. As this chapter shows, several information processes are required for functional, enjoyable gameplay, and they are therefore of interest also to researchers who do not typically analyze information phenomena. Before we proceed to discuss the tools and perspectives implicated in the information-centric study of games, there are however two questions that need to be discussed: what is information, and why is it interesting to consider in relation to game research? JF - Game research methods : An overview PB - ETC Press CY - Pittsburgh, PA UR - http://press.etc.cmu.edu/files/Game-Research-Methods_Lankoski-Bjork-etal-web.pdf ER - TY - JOUR T1 - "We've got a better situation" the Life and Afterlife of Virtual Communities of Google Lively JF - Journal of Documentation Y1 - 2015 A1 - Isto Huvila AB - Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the impact of unsustainable community platforms from community and information sharing perspectives using Google Lively as an example. The aim is to analyse what happens when a community platform is not sustainable and explore the reasons why Lively failed or succeeded as an arena of participation and information sharing. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on an ethnographically informed analysis of texts on Google Lively mined from the web and gathered using two small qualitative surveys. Findings The findings show that Lively fostered the emergence of several virtual communities that outlived the platform. Shared experience, experience of crisis and a distinct identity appeared to be significant factors that seemed to contribute to the success of analysed Livelian communities. Research limitations/implications The study is based on a convenience sample and an analysis of one virtual community platform. Practical implications The results inform the development of community strategies for situations when a platform is closing and plans are being made for the sustained existence of the virtual community in new contexts. Originality/value This is the first comprehensive study on Google Lively. The findings can be expected to have relevance also in the context of comparable virtual community platforms. VL - 71 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Archaeology of the ballpoint pen: or the interpretation and significant properties of archaeological findings T2 - Proceedings of CHNT18 International Conference on Cultural Heritage and New Technologies, Vienna November 2013 Y1 - 2014 A1 - Isto Huvila ED - Wolfgang Börner ED - Susanne Uhlirz AB - Interpretations, meaning and the question of significant properties in the context of contemporary archaeological archiving are complex issues that pertain to the entire archaeological information process and spans from the past human activity to the deposition processes, field archaeology, documentation, archiving and interpretation of archaeological data. The aim of this study is to increase our understanding of the premises of how archaeologists interpret artefacts and to explore techniques for incorporating these premises as a part of an information system. The study is based on the analysis of the interviews of 25 Nordic archaeologists conducted by the author. The analysis of the interview transcripts resulted in three broad categories of properties of archaeological findings (A: observations, B: context of discovery and C: context of use). On the basis of the study, a prototype of a wiki-based framework was developed for capturing, expressing and debating the interpretations of digital archaeological data. JF - Proceedings of CHNT18 International Conference on Cultural Heritage and New Technologies, Vienna November 2013 PB - Museen der Stadt Wien – Stadtarchäologie CY - Vienna UR - http://www.chnt.at/wp-content/uploads/Huvila_2014.pdf ER - TY - CONF T1 - Boundary objects in information science research : An approach for explicating connections between collections, cultures and communities T2 - ASIST 2014 Proceedings of the 77th ASIS&T Annual Meeting : Connecting Collections, Cultures, and Communities Y1 - 2014 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Theresa Dirndorfer Anderson A1 - Eva Hourihan Jansen A1 - Pam McKenzie A1 - Lynn Westbrook A1 - Adam Worrall ED - Andrew Grove KW - boundary objects KW - information science AB -

Boundary objects (BO) are abstract or physical artefacts that reside in the interfaces between organisations or groups of people. The concept of BO, introduced by Star and Griesemer in an article in 1989, has been used in a broad variety of studies in different research communities from management to computer science and different fields of information science. The aim of this panel, composed of experienced BO researchers, is to provide an overview of and introduction to the state of the art of information science research informed by the theory for the researchers and practitioners participating in the conference; to illustrate the variety of studies and contexts in which the notion of BOs can be found useful in explicating connections between collections, cultures and commu- nities; and to push forward the state of the art of BO-oriented information science research by discussing new empirical and practical areas of interest and the theory itself.

JF - ASIST 2014 Proceedings of the 77th ASIS&T Annual Meeting : Connecting Collections, Cultures, and Communities PB - ASIS&T CY - Seattle, Wa UR - http://www.asis.org/asist2014/proceedings/submissions/panels/37panel.pdf ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Continuum thinking and the contexts of personal information management JF - Information Research Y1 - 2014 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Jon Eriksen A1 - Eva-Maria Häusner A1 - Ina-Maria Jansson AB - Introduction. Recent personal information management literature has underlined the significance of the contextuality of personal information and its use. The present article discusses the applicability of the records continuum model and its generalisation, continuum thinking, as a theoretical framework for explicating the overlap and evolution of the diverse contexts of personal information and their implications for personal information management practices. Method. This article is based on three empirical case studies on 1) the personal information management practices of sound artists (qualitative semi-structured interviews), 2) graduate students' management of scholarly articles (web survey of Swedish students) and 3) the management of personal archives at Swedish archival institutions (qualitative semi-structured interviews). Analysis. The empirical material was analysed using the constant comparative method (case 1), non-parametric statistical tests including Friedman's test, Kruskal-Wallis analysis, Wilcoxon-Signed Rank test, Mann-Whitney-U test and Chi-square test in SPSS version 20.0 (case 2), and thematic analysis (case 3). Results. The continuum approach and the conceptualisation of diverse contextual aspects of personal information management as axes on a Giddensian spatio-temporal continuum can help to understand the contextual changes and continuities of personal information management and use. Conclusions. The records continuum model provides a useful theoretical basis for explicating personal information management as a process of Giddensian time-space structuration similarly to how Upward argued that the theory is useful in the context of explicating the record-keeping process and, in more general terms, providing a framework for theorising particular types of document-centric management processes. VL - 19 UR - http://www.informationr.net/ir/19-1/paper604.html ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Kulturarv, deltagande och kulturarvsprofessionalism – från en facklig hegemoni till stridiga teorier och praktik T2 - Muuttuva kultturiperintö - Det föränderliga kulturarvet Y1 - 2014 A1 - Isto Huvila ED - Tytti Steel ED - Arja Turunen ED - Sanna Lillbroända-Annala ED - Maija Santikko JF - Muuttuva kultturiperintö - Det föränderliga kulturarvet PB - Ethnos CY - Helsinki ER - TY - CONF T1 - Patient Safety and Patient Privacy When Patient Reading Their Medical Records T2 - Safe and Secure Cities : 5th International Conference on Well-Being in the Information Society, WIS 2014. Turku, Finland, August 18-20, 2014, Proceedings Y1 - 2014 A1 - Rose-Mharie Åhlfeldt A1 - Isto Huvila AB - When patients get access to their personal health information new security demands arise. This paper presents results from a study aiming to improve the understanding of how the patients’ different perceptions of their own personal health and health information preferences can be linked to anticipated positive and negative security concerns. The analysis and discussion focuses on investigating how the security issues and patients’ perception on the benefits and threats of accessing their medical records relate to each other. The results show that a more holistic systemic perspective to information security is needed to support the effective use of medical records in the healthcare in information and data driven society in order to improve both patient safety and patient privacy. JF - Safe and Secure Cities : 5th International Conference on Well-Being in the Information Society, WIS 2014. Turku, Finland, August 18-20, 2014, Proceedings PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg UR - http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-319-10211-5_24 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Two Perspectives on Information Organization: Computer Science and Library and Information Science T2 - Subject Access to Information Y1 - 2014 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Fredrik Åström ED - Koraljka Golub JF - Subject Access to Information PB - Libraries Unlimited CY - Santa Barbara, CA UR - http://www.abc-clio.com/ABC-CLIOCorporate/product.aspx?pc=A4257P ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Using a Mobile - Guide System in Medieval Castles, Fortifications and Battlefields T2 - The castle as social space Y1 - 2014 A1 - Elissa Ernst A1 - Kari Uotila A1 - Jari-Pekka Paalassalo A1 - Isto Huvila ED - Katarina Predovnik AB -

The LAMB (Learning, Access and MoBility) Project has been designed with the aim to develop a mobile digital guiding and learning platform. Work started in 2001 (Vatanen and Uotila 2003). The first prototypes were tested in 2002–2003 and the development has continued until 2012. The aim of the project has been to provide the potential users with an opportunity to visit cultural (e.g. medieval castles and fortifications) and natural heritage sites using a portable electronic device as a travel guide. The development of the LAMB (fi. PULU) system took place in cooperation with experts from Muuritutkimus Company, Turku University of Applied Sciences, Åbo Akademi University, Uppsala University, University of Turku and Municipality of Eura. The project was supported financially by the Finnish National Board of Education. The current versions of the client system were built using Java Standard Edition. This platform was chosen because it is well established and available on most platforms, including smart phones. Due to portability requirements, the platform uses a minimal device specific interface for accessing GPS data. At the moment, the system is running on mini tablet PC and mini-laptop devices. These provide usable screen size, workable interaction and performance for an affordable price. The LAMB platform has proven to be a versatile framework for designing and realizing sightsee- ing and learning sessions with a specific focus on tourists’, students’ and researchers’ experience and engagement with their environment and its various human dimensions. The variety of functionalities in the client provides the means to develop rich interaction with cultural heritage sites both for individual visitors and groups.

JF - The castle as social space T3 - Castrum Bene PB - Ljubljana University Press CY - Ljubljana VL - 12 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Archaeological information in the digital society T2 - ASIS&T European Workshop 2013: Proceedings of the Second Association for Information Science and Technology ASIS&T European Workshop 2013 June 5-6, {Å}bo/Turku, Finland Y1 - 2013 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Carolina Larsson A1 - Daniel Löwenborg A1 - Bodil Petersson A1 - Per Stenborg A1 - Nicoló dell'Unto JF - ASIS&T European Workshop 2013: Proceedings of the Second Association for Information Science and Technology ASIS&T European Workshop 2013 June 5-6, {Å}bo/Turku, Finland PB - \AA{}bo Akademi University CY - Turku UR - http://www.abo.fi/sitebuilder/media/29327/aew2013proceedings.pdf ER - TY - CONF T1 - DOME - Deployment of Online Medical Records and e-Health services T2 - ASIS&T European Workshop 2013: Proceedings of the Second Association for Information Science and Technology ASIS&T European Workshop 2013 June 5-6, {Å}bo/Turku, Finland Y1 - 2013 A1 - Isto Huvila JF - ASIS&T European Workshop 2013: Proceedings of the Second Association for Information Science and Technology ASIS&T European Workshop 2013 June 5-6, {Å}bo/Turku, Finland PB - \AA{}bo Akademi University CY - Turku UR - http://www.abo.fi/sitebuilder/media/29327/aew2013proceedings.pdf ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Empowerment or anxiety? Research on deployment of online medical E-health services in Sweden JF - Bulletin of ASIS&T Y1 - 2013 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Myreteg, Gunilla A1 - Cajander, Åsa AB -

Editor's Summary As early e-health efforts progress, it is critical to step back to study their effectiveness and inform expanded implementation. The DOME project is a Swedish research initiative to examine the methods and implications of providing patients access to their own medical records and other e-health services. The focus is on SUSTAINS, a patient access system established in 2012 in 11 European countries. Sweden's Uppsala county opened access to residents to view their electronic health records with provider notes, lab results, diagnoses and treatments in late 2012. Pre- and post-implementation studies are being carried out through DOME and mixing with the public debate on benefits and drawbacks of easy online access to personal health information. Supporters and critics share concern for quality of care and data security. But advocates focus on better decisions by empowered patients, while detractors, including many healthcare providers, see patient anxiety resulting from insufficient information and lack of consultation. The DOME project is providing the opportunity to analyze all sides of expanded access to electronic health records.

PB - Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company VL - 39 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bult.2013.1720390507 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How a Museum Knows? Structures, Work Roles, and Infrastructures of Information Work JF - JASIST Y1 - 2013 A1 - Isto Huvila KW - information use KW - information workers KW - museum informatics AB - Even if knowledge is a commodity that a museum offers as Hooper-Greenhill () has argued, the mechanisms of how a museum comes to know what it mediates are not well understood. Using a case study approach, the aim of this study is to investigate what types of sources and channels, with a special emphasis on social processes and structures of information, support collaborative information work, and the emergence of knowledge in a museum environment. The empirical study was conducted using a combination of ethnographic observation of and interviews with staff members at a medium-sized museum in a Nordic country. The study shows that much of the daily information work is routinized and infrastructuralized in social information exchange and reproduction of documented information and museum collections. VL - 64 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asi.22852 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In Web search we trust? Articulation of the cognitive authorities of Web searching JF - Information Research Y1 - 2013 A1 - Isto Huvila AB -

Introduction. People search for information on different search engines billions of times day all over the developed world. Not all Web resources are, however, equally authoritative and not all searches return equally authoritative results. Earlier studies have demonstrated the complexity of credibility assessments, but also simultaneously the existence of strong tendencies to uncritically accept the credibility of the information retrieved by a search engine. The success of a search is related, but not the same notion as the authority of the results. The aim of this paper is to analyse the articulated role of 'searching' as a possible source of cognitive authority in Web searching.

Method. A qualitative exploratory study based on the analysis of 805 search-related utterances harvested from the Web using Webometric Analyst.

Analysis. The data was analysed using constant comparative method. Results. Three types of cognitive authorities were identified: 1) people, 2) search (as an approach), and 3) search as an activity.

Conclusions. The findings indicate that searching incorporates cognitive authorities that are abstract, exercised and situational rather than static and nameable.

VL - 18 UR - http://informationr.net/ir/18-1/paper567.html#.UUKhEaWLNic ER - TY - JOUR T1 - "Library users come to a library to find books": the structuration of the library as a soft information system JF - Journal of Documentation Y1 - 2013 A1 - Isto Huvila AB - Purpose - Considering the perceived significance of librarians and information experts as professional information seekers and information seeking educators and of the institutional setting of information work, very little is known about the information practices of librarians and information professionals, their contexts and implications for libraries and their users. The aim of this study is to explore the information interactions of library professionals within and in relation to the context of the setting of the library.Design/methodology/approach - The analysis is based on a qualitative case study of a large North European city library. Material was collected using information seeking diaries, interviews and ethnographic observation in the library space. Findings - The information practices of librarians are contextual to the setting of the library within which the meeting of the assumptions of library users of the use of that particular system play a significant role. The systemic interplay of librarians, library users and other parts of the system constrains the breadth of the available information at libraries, but at the same time, keeping to a particular set of shared norms and practices of library use also facilitates the use of the system.Research limitations/implications - The generalisability of the findings is limited by the fact that they are based on an individual case study.Practical implications - The systemic nature of library and its reproduction in a process of structuration underlines the need to develop information services in libraries from a holistic perspective that takes into account the practical implications of the shared norms and assumptions of how a library should work.Originality/value - There is little earlier research on the information practices of library and information professionals, particularly with specific reference to its implications for libraries and their users. VL - 69 UR - http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?articleid=17091473 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Preferences for formal and informal sources in corporate finance T2 - Libraries, Black Metal and Corporate Finance : Current Research in Nordic Library and Information Science Y1 - 2013 A1 - Isto Huvila ED - Anders Frenander ED - Skans Kersti Nilsson AB - Although the work of corporate finance professionals is information intensive, their practices and choice of information sources have been very little researched. The aim of the present study is to examine the patterns of information source preferences of corporate finance professionals with a special focus on the respective roles of formal and informal sources of information and the implications of source preferences for the information work of professionals. The study is based on a web survey of 92 Finnish professionals working with corporate finance related duties in their organisations. The findings of the study reveal that corporate finance professionals use a wide array of information sources and have a strong preference for less formal and social sources of information even if they are not necessarily consulted on a daily basis. Major financial information and news providers are significant sources of primary data, but the success of corporate finance specialists lies more on their ability to combine formal information with informal cues and earlier experiences than on possessing or lacking a relevant piece of information. JF - Libraries, Black Metal and Corporate Finance : Current Research in Nordic Library and Information Science PB - Högskolan i Borås CY - Borås ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Sorting the metaverse out and how metaverse is sorting us out T2 - The Immersive Internet: Reflections on the Entangling of the Virtual with Society, Politics and the Economy Y1 - 2013 A1 - Isto Huvila ED - Dominic Power ED - Robin Teigland JF - The Immersive Internet: Reflections on the Entangling of the Virtual with Society, Politics and the Economy PB - Palgrave MacMillan CY - Basingstoke UR - http://www.worldcat.org/title/immersive-internet-reflections-on-the-entangling-of-the-virtual-with-society-politics-and-the-economy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - What is Librarian 2.0? JF - Journal of Librarianship and Information Science Y1 - 2013 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Kim Holmberg A1 - Kronqvist-Berg, Maria A1 - Nivakoski, Outi A1 - Widén, Gunilla AB -

Library 2.0 is a change in the way libraries interact with their users. Technological developments on the Web have had a major influence on these changes. The change also places new requirements on librarians’ competencies and skills. This research investigates how librarians themselves see this change in terms of their work identity and working knowledge. The research shows what kinds of qualities and characteristics are expected from a ‘Librarian 2.0’, according to a group of professional librarians. The results associate ‘Librarian 2.0’ firmly with the Web, although some of the more traditional characteristics of librarianship have retained their relevance. This research also shows that the change towards a ‘Librarian 2.0’ can be seen as intimidating by some librarians, a fact that has to be taken into account when libraries develop their future strategies.

VL - 45 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Authorship and Documentary Boundary Objects T2 - 45th Hawaii International Conference on System Science (HICSS) Y1 - 2012 A1 - Isto Huvila KW - collaborative practice KW - document handling KW - documentary boundary objects KW - emergent authorship mode KW - groupware KW - heavy-weight peer-production mode KW - light-weight mode KW - peer-to-peer computing KW - solitary mode KW - solitary practice AB - Earlier research on documentary boundary objects has underlined the contextual nature of the process of their emergence. The aim of this paper is to discuss how the process of making and the attribution or non-attribution of authorship affects documentary boundary objects. A better understanding of the making of boundary objects is helpful in understanding why and how particular boundary objects work, and what are their implications. The article proposes an analytic model of four modes of authorship of documentary boundary objects (1. solitary, and 2. emergent authorship, 3. light-weight, and 4. heavy-weight peer-production) based on a review and synthesis of the spectrum of solitary and collaborative practices of creating documentary boundary objects discussed in the literature. JF - 45th Hawaii International Conference on System Science (HICSS) PB - IEEE Computer Society CY - Maui, HI UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2012.126 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Being Formal and Flexible: Semantic Wiki as an Archaeological e-Science Infrastructure T2 - Revive the Past: Proceeding of the 39th Conference on Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology, Beijing, 12-16 April 2011 Y1 - 2012 A1 - Isto Huvila ED - Mingquan Zhou ED - Iza Romanowska ED - Zhongke Wu ED - Pengfei Xu ED - Philip Verhagen KW - archaeology KW - Documentation KW - information management KW - Linked Data KW - semantic web KW - semantic wiki AB -

The multiple challenges of representing archaeological information both using relational databases and semantic web technologies have been acknowledged in the literature. The present paper discusses findings and observations from an action research study on developing an integrated semantic digital data archive and collaboration platform for archaeological and archaeology related research using a semantic wiki based approach. The observations and findings from the project demonstrate that the discussed approach provides means to address some of the problems related to pre-coordinated formal representation of archaeological knowledge. At the same, the study stresses the importance of a full understanding of the implications of the both old and new systems of knowledge representation. Otherwise the new systems may introduce implicit infrastructural bias comparable to the ones addressed by the novel approach.

JF - Revive the Past: Proceeding of the 39th Conference on Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology, Beijing, 12-16 April 2011 PB - Amsterdam University Press CY - Amsterdam UR - http://dare.uva.nl/aup/nl/record/412958 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Information Services and Digital Literacy: In search of the boundaries of knowing Y1 - 2012 A1 - Isto Huvila AB - Information Services and Digital Literacy is about the role of information services and digital literacies in the age of the social web. This title provides an alternative perspective for understanding information services and digital literacy, and argues that a central problem in the age of the social web and the culture of participation is that we do not know the premises of how we know, and how ways of interacting with information affect our actions and their outcomes. Information seeking is always a question of crossing and expanding boundaries between our earlier experiences and the unknown. We may not yet be well enough acquainted with the landscape of digital information to understand how we know, where the boundaries to our knowledge lie, how to cross them, and what consequences our actions may have. This title consists of eight chapters. Following an introduction, chapters include: Knowing what we know; Information services and digital literacy; Technologies of abundance; The culture of participation; The ‘new’ user; Information; and Information services and digital literacy as boundary objects. PB - Chandos CY - Oxford SN - 1843346834 UR - http://www.woodheadpublishing.com/en/book.aspx?bookID=2629&ChandosTitle=1 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Länkad data på fältet: från fältdokumentation och rapportering till dokumentationskontinuum T2 - Proceedings of the CAA-SE conference Y1 - 2012 A1 - Isto Huvila ED - Daniel Löwenborg KW - documentation continuum KW - field KW - field documentation KW - Linked Data KW - reporting JF - Proceedings of the CAA-SE conference PB - CAA-SE CY - Uppsala UR - http://www.caase.byethost16.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/IstoHuvila_LankadDataPaper.doc ER - TY - CONF T1 - Navigators, Debaters or Information Architects? How Library, Museum and Archive Professionals Perceive their Role in the Future Society T2 - Information in e-Motion: Proceedings of the BOBCATSSS 2012 20th International Conference on Information Science Amsterdam, 23-25 January 2012 Y1 - 2012 A1 - Isto Huvila ED - Wolf-Fritz Riekert ED - Ingeborg Simon AB -

The past two decades have witnessed an increasing political interest in archives, librar- ies and museums (ALM) as memory institutions, their role as shapers of the future society and providers of access to public information. At the same time, the some of the proponents of digital information technologies have heralded the Internet age as their end. Even if it might be too early to doom ALMs altogether, even many professionals have acknowledged a need to change the traditional work at the institutions. In spite of the scale of the debate, the general understanding of that what is happening seems to be rather fragmented. The aim of this study is to map the future role of librarians, museum and archive professionals as it is conceptualised by the professionals themselves. The analysis is based on a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the results of a web survey of Nordic librarians and information professionals conducted in February-March 2011. The analysis of the results shows that the views of the professionals epitomise three widely di- verging and contradictory ideas of the future of their professional roles, described in this article as navigators, debaters and information architects.

JF - Information in e-Motion: Proceedings of the BOBCATSSS 2012 20th International Conference on Information Science Amsterdam, 23-25 January 2012 PB - Bock + Herchen ER - TY - CONF T1 - Putting the pieces together: collaborative management of archaeological research data on the web T2 - Castella Maris Baltici X Y1 - 2012 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Uotila, Kari ED - Uotila, Kari ED - Terhi Mikkola ED - Vilkuna, Anna-Maria AB -

Archaeologically relevant research data consists of a broad variety of different kinds of information. The problem with having data in different formats and physically separate locations affects both an effective management and use of the assets. It is difficult to keep track on that what material is where and in what condition, and what is the general status of the preserved data. For the same reason, the material does also tend to be difficult and time consuming to access and use. A fundamental problem with archaeological data archives is how to combine the requirement for an integrity of data resources and the deep contextuality of archaeological data and interpretations. This article discusses a novel approach for the integration of archaeological data using a semantic wiki system that allow integration of formal descriptions and flexible documentation. The other assets of a semantic wikibased approach is relative ease of use, flexibility of editing, describing and structuring data, support for basically all conceivable types of data and the possibility to collaborate and use the resources in distance.

JF - Castella Maris Baltici X T3 - Archaeologia Medii Aevii Finlandiae PB - Suomen keskiajan arkeologian seura - Sälskapet för medeltidsarkeologi i Finland CY - Turku VL - XVII ER - TY - CONF T1 - Transformation or continuity? The impact of social media on information: implications for theory and practice T2 - Proceedings of the 2012 ASIS&T Annual Meeting, Baltimore, MD Y1 - 2012 A1 - Jutta Haider A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Andrew Cox A1 - Francke, Helena A1 - Hall, Hazel KW - information practices KW - practice theory KW - social media AB -

This panel debates whether the ways in which social media are changing the nature, creation, seeking, use and sharing of infor- mation constitute a transformation or are primarily marked by con- tinuity. Ubiquitous and everyday access to social media (for some) seems to be bringing about changes in social practice, including of information-related activities, such that conceptualisations of infor- mation itself are potentially reshaped. Discussants draw inspiration from the pervasive impact on information activities of the every- day adoption of social media. At a theoretical level they also draw inspiration from the analytic resources of contemporary practice theory and its emphasis on materiality and embodiment, routine and change, social expectations and social identity, and knowledge as a process. All the participants of the panel have conducted new empirical research on social media use with a focus on its deep as well as broad impact. The audience members are invited to dis- cuss with the panelists questions such as how social media relate to routinised daily practices and institutionalised practices and hi- erarchies, how their use refashions social relationships, how they turn information seekers and users into information managers, pro- ducers and creators and shape perceptions of information authority and trustworthiness, and how a new theorisation can help librari- ans, information professionals and researchers understand change and assume a proactive role in it.

JF - Proceedings of the 2012 ASIS&T Annual Meeting, Baltimore, MD PB - ASIS&T CY - Baltimore, MD ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Unbearable Complexity of Documenting Intellectual Processes: Paradata and Virtual Cultural Heritage Visualisation JF - Human IT Y1 - 2012 A1 - Isto Huvila VL - 12 UR - http://www.hb.se/bhs/ith/1-12/ih.pdf ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Complete Information Literacy? Unforgetting Creation and Organisation of Information JF - Journal of Librarianship and Information Science Y1 - 2011 A1 - Isto Huvila KW - information creation information literacy knowledge organization AB - Even though the concept of information literacy typically embraces an idea of a complete participation in an information community, its definitions have tended to underline the phases of seeking, searching and evaluation instead of creating information. Shortcomings of information creation can, however, explain many of the difficulties of finding information. This article develops the notion of information literacy with a specific focus on integrating creation and organization of information as central aspects of being information literate and discusses the implications of developing information creation processes from the point of view of information professionals and users. Finally, suggestions are made for how information creation might be improved in practice. VL - 43 UR - http://lis.sagepub.com/content/43/4/237.abstract ER - TY - CONF T1 - Critical about the clustering of tags: An intersectional perspective on folksonomies T2 - Information Science and Social Media: Proceedings of the International Conference Information Science and Social Media ISSOME 2011, August 24-26, \AA{}bo/Turku, Finland Y1 - 2011 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Kristin Johannesson ED - Isto Huvila ED - Kim Holmberg ED - Kronqvist-Berg, Maria JF - Information Science and Social Media: Proceedings of the International Conference Information Science and Social Media ISSOME 2011, August 24-26, \AA{}bo/Turku, Finland T3 - Skrifter utgivna av Informationsvetenskap vid \AA{}bo Akademi PB - \AA{}bo Akademi University CY - \AA{}bo VL - 1 SN - 978-952-12-2654-0 UR - http://issuu.com/informationsvetenskap/docs/issome2011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - "I asked my Mum, but" and other cases of unsuccessful information seeking by asking JF - Information Research Y1 - 2011 A1 - Isto Huvila AB -

Introduction. Failure to find information is common. An exploratory analysis of cases when family members or friends were asked for information can provide better understanding of when, how and why interpersonal information seeking within a close network of individuals fails.

Method. A sample of utterances (in form of I asked my mum, but) was harvested from the Web using LexiURL Searcher software. Analysis. The material (327 utterances) was analysed with content analysis and categorised using the constant comparative method.

Results. People utter on the Web different types of, mostly fact-related, questions they have asked earlier of their family members and friends. Multiple factors were found to affect interpersonal information seeking including a major barrier, bashfulness, which has not been discussed earlier in the literature.

Conclusions. Success in asking questions of family and friends is a broad issue of mastering information content, social environment and other contexts of information seeking rather than a technical ability.

VL - 16 UR - http://informationr.net/ir/16-1/paper460.html ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Information Science and Social Media: Proceedings of the International Conference Information Science and Social Media ISSOME 2011, August 24-26, Åbo/Turku, Finland T2 - Skrifter utgivna av Informationsvetenskap vid Åbo Akademi Y1 - 2011 ED - Isto Huvila ED - Kim Holmberg ED - Kronqvist-Berg, Maria JF - Skrifter utgivna av Informationsvetenskap vid Åbo Akademi T3 - Skrifter utgivna av Informationsvetenskap vid \AA{}bo Akademi PB - Åbo Akademi University CY - Åbo VL - 1 SN - 978-952-12-2654-0 UR - http://issuu.com/informationsvetenskap/docs/issome2011 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Mining qualitative data on human information behaviour from the Web T2 - Information und Wissen: global, sozial und frei? Proceedings des 12. Internationalen Symposiums für Informationswissenschaft (ISI 2011) Hildesheim, 9. bis 11. März 2011. Y1 - 2011 A1 - Isto Huvila AB - This paper discusses an approach of collecting qualitative data on human information behaviour that is based on mining web data using search engines. The approach is technically the same that has been used for some time in webometric research to make statistical inferences on web data, but the present paper shows how the same tools and data collecting methods can be used to gather data for qualitative data analysis on human information behaviour. JF - Information und Wissen: global, sozial und frei? Proceedings des 12. Internationalen Symposiums für Informationswissenschaft (ISI 2011) Hildesheim, 9. bis 11. März 2011. PB - Verlag Werner Hülsbusch CY - Boizenburg SN - 978-3-940317-91-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The politics of boundary objects: hegemonic interventions and the making of a document JF - JASIST Y1 - 2011 A1 - Isto Huvila AB -

Boundary objects are artifacts that reside in the interface between communities and are capable of bridging assumed and experienced differences. Bridging is not, however, necessarily a neutral or a consensual activity. With an emphasis on documents, the present article discusses the politics of boundary objects by analyzing the role of archaeological reports at boundaries between communities with conflicting interests. The analysis demonstrates and discusses the political and purposeful nature of boundary objects—how they are devices for creating and maintaining hegemonies within communities and achieving authority over other intersecting groups of people. The study uses the notion of hegemony and the discourse theory of Laclau and Mouffe (2001) to conceptualize the role of boundary objects as articulations of power and to explicate the dynamics of how the power is exercised.

VL - 62 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.21639/abstract ER - TY - CONF T1 - Social aspects of the ecology of information work T2 - Information ecology and libraries: Proceedings of the International Conference, University Library in Bratitislava, 10-12 Oct, 2011 Y1 - 2011 A1 - Isto Huvila ED - Jela Steinerová JF - Information ecology and libraries: Proceedings of the International Conference, University Library in Bratitislava, 10-12 Oct, 2011 PB - Comenius University of Bratislava CY - Bratislava ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Virtual Landscape Modelling T2 - Physical and Cultural sSpace in Pre-industrial Europe: Methodological Approaches Y1 - 2011 A1 - Uotila, Kari A1 - Isto Huvila ED - Marko Lamberg, Marko Hakanen ED - Janne Haikari JF - Physical and Cultural sSpace in Pre-industrial Europe: Methodological Approaches PB - Nordic Academic Press CY - Lund SN - 978-91-85509-61-4 UR - http://www.amazon.com/Physical-Cultural-Space-Pre-Industrial-Europe/dp/9185509612 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Aesthetic judgments in folksonomies as a criteria for organising knowledge T2 - Paradigms and conceptual systems in knowledge organization. Proceedings of the 11th International ISKO Conference 23-26 February, Rome, Italy Y1 - 2010 A1 - Isto Huvila ED - Claudio Gnoli ED - Fulvio Mazzocchi AB - One of the most central challenges of knowledge organisation research and practice is the question of organising principles. Bliss proposed a consensus of experts as a criteria for knowledge organisation. Thereafter the complexity and ambiguity of criteria has become a subject of discussion, especially influenced by relativist philosophical theories. Hulme introduced already in 1911-1912 the notion of (literary) warrant to denote the (literary) criteria of organising knowledge. Hjørland has written about the limits of consensus and proposed (together with Albrechtsen) domain analysis as an approach for reaching pragmatic criteria. Even though the problems have been acknowledged, in practice, the veritable criteria are articulated only seldom. Feinberg [4] calls for a more explicit argumentation of criteria from the part of the designers of knowledge organisation systems, a view with which Hjørland concurs. The significance of the challenge is underlined by Gnoli who lists the problems related to ’viewpoint warrant’ (viewpoint as a criteria for organising knowledge) as a central challenge of future knowledge organisation research. The present study refers to aesthetics as exemplary of the problems related to viewpoints and knowledge organisation. Aesthetic judgments are essentially cultural and subjective, but same time people tend to expect others to concur with their own judgments [12]. In order to improve the explicity of the warranting factors (as [4] suggests) of aesthetic organisation of knowledge, the present study explores the possibilities to ground organisatory criteria on an empirical investigation of explicit aesthetic judgments of a group of people. This study discusses folksonomies as a source of aesthetic judgments and those judgments as a warrant for controlled organisation of knowledge. The question is whether folksonomies can be used as a source for aesthetic statements which can be used to warrant organisation of knowledge. Photosharing service Flickr is used as an example. JF - Paradigms and conceptual systems in knowledge organization. Proceedings of the 11th International ISKO Conference 23-26 February, Rome, Italy T3 - Advances in Knowledge Organization PB - Ergon Verlag VL - 12 ER - TY - CONF T1 - The Cool and Belkin Faceted Classification of Information Interactions Revisited T2 - Information Research 15 (4). Special Supplement: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Conceptions of Library and Information Science – Unity in diversity – Part 2 Y1 - 2010 A1 - Isto Huvila AB -

Introduction. The complexity of human information activity is a challenge for both practice and research in information sciences and information management. Literature presents a wealth of approaches to analytically structure and make sense of human information activity including a faceted classification model of information interactions published by Cool and Belkin in 2002, which is discussed in this paper.

Method. The Cool and Belkin classification scheme and the version adopted by Huvila in 2006 for a study of archaeologists are compared and new qualitative empirical interview material is analysed by using the latter version of the scheme.

Analysis. Literature studies and qualitative analysis of interview material was carried out. Results. The discussed revisions proposed in the present study and earlier by Huvila broaden the scope of the classification system from information seeking to the broad scope of information activity and from description of interaction instances to their contexts.

Conclusions. It is important to consider the consequences of classifying information interactions, to balance between complexity and simplicity and to consider when it is significant to strive for complexity of classifications and when a generic level of description is enough.

JF - Information Research 15 (4). Special Supplement: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Conceptions of Library and Information Science – Unity in diversity – Part 2 UR - http://informationr.net/ir/15-4/colis724.html ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Information sources and perceived success in corporate finance JF - Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology Y1 - 2010 A1 - Isto Huvila AB -

The work of corporate finance professionals is information-intensive, despite the fact that the practices and motivations of their information preferences have been researched very little. The present study investigates perceived success and how it is related to corporate finance professionals' information source use behavior based on a Web survey of 92 Finnish corporate finance professionals. The principal finding of the statistical analysis of the data is that perceptions of work success and specific types of information sources contributing to the success are related. The correlations are complex, and very different types of information sources contribute to individual types of success, and vice versa. The findings indicate that information sources function as measures of success and serve an instrumental purpose. Besides functional relations, the correlation of the variables suggests more comprehensive success and information source use related dependencies and preferences. The findings imply that by studying existing perceptions of success, it is possible to make inferences about preferred information sources. The study also suggests that both personal and organizational perceptions of success should be taken into account when planning information services and information literacy education for corporate finance professionals to increase their effectiveness and relevance for the professionals.

VL - 61 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asi.21387 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Social Capital in Second Life JF - Online Information Review Y1 - 2010 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Kim Holmberg A1 - Ek, Stefan A1 - Widén-Wulff, Gunilla AB -

Purpose: Second Life is a user-created online virtual world, which is a place where people with shared interests can meet and be together and share information. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether Second Life communities foster and nurture social capital, whether social capital within Second Life is related to social capital outside the virtual world, whether some characteristics affect the likelihood of users having social capital, and whether some existing measure of social capital can be modified and used to study social capital in Second Life. Design/methodology/approach: Study is based on a statistical analysis of data gathered in a web survey of a convenience sample (N=67) of Second Life residents. The social capital measure used was based on Bullen and Onyx, 1998. Findings: Second Life is an environment that fosters the emergence of social capital. Residents, who consider themselves as producers, have higher levels of social capital than those, who consider themselves as non-producers. Having social capital within Second Life is unrelated to having social capital outside the virtual world. Consistency of the instrument proved to be excellent for measuring social capital within Second Life and good outside the virtual world. Research limitations/implications: Small sample size and the composition of the research population limit the possibilities to generalise the findings. Practical implications: Second Life is a potent environment for community building and collective action. Communities and collective action within Second Life cannot be based, however, on the social activity outside the virtual world. Originality/value: The present study is the first systematic investigation of social capital in Second Life.

VL - 34 ER - TY - ABST T1 - What about creating and organizing? Y1 - 2010 A1 - Isto Huvila KW - information literacy PB - University of Bor\aa{}s CY - Bor\aa{}s UR - http://hdl.handle.net/2320/6534 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Where does the information come from? Information source use patterns in Wikipedia JF - Information Research Y1 - 2010 A1 - Isto Huvila AB -

Introduction. Little is known about Wikipedia contributors information behaviour and from where and how the information in the encyclopaedia originated. Even though a large number of texts in Wikipedia cite external sources according to the intentions of the verifiability policy, many articles lack references and in many others the references have been added afterwards.

 

Method. This article reports the results of a Web survey of information source use patterns, answered by 108 Wikipedia contributors in spring 2008.

 

Analysis. The qualitative questions were analysed using a close reading and grounded theory approach. The multiple-choice questions were analysed using descriptive statistics and bi-variate correlation analysis.

 

Results. The results indicate that there are several distinct groups of contributors using different information sources. The results also indicate a preference for sources available online. However, in spite of the popularity of online material a significant proportion of the original information is based on printed literature, personal expertise and other non-digital sources of information. The information source use of Wikipedia contributors is also illustrative of the complexity and life-world scope of human information behaviour.

 

Conclusions. Understanding the information source use of contributors helps us to understand how new Wikipedia articles emerge, how edits are motivated, where the information actually comes from and more generally, what kind of information may be expected to be found in Wikipedia.

VL - 15 UR - http://informationr.net/ir/15-3/paper433.html ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analytical Information Horizon Maps JF - Library and Information Science Research Y1 - 2009 A1 - Isto Huvila AB - Sonnenwald, D.H. (1999) introduced information horizons as a theoretical framework for information behavior. Later, she and her colleagues developed a data-gathering method based on information horizons theory and user-drawn information horizon maps. The method provides a good basis for in-depth discussions and complements interviewing as a way to gather data. Based on interview records of Finnish and Swedish archaeology professionals, researchers drew diagrams called "analytical information horizon maps" with the purpose of structuring, describing and analyzing typical information behaviors related to the work roles of the interviewed individuals. The findings indicate that the analytical information horizon maps provide a practicable and qualitatively valid means to visualize, communicate, and structure individual and shared patterns of use of the information resources and the organization of information activity. VL - 31 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lisr.2008.06.005 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Bibliotek 2.0: Deltagarkultur i förändring Y1 - 2009 A1 - Widén-Wulff, Gunilla A1 - Nivakoski, Outi A1 - Kim Holmberg A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Kronqvist-Berg, Maria PB - BTJ CY - Lund UR - http://www.btj.se/?id=7169 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological framework of information interactions and information infrastructures JF - Journal of Information Science Y1 - 2009 A1 - Isto Huvila KW - affordances KW - constraints KW - ecological approach KW - information use KW - information work KW - knowledge organisation KW - KO KW - KOS KW - theories KW - warrants AB -

There has been notably little convergence between information organization and information use studies. A framework for explicating the contextual interplay of information interactions and infrastructures of information, and more specifically the interface of information work and knowledge organization systems, is proposed. The theoretical foundations of the framework are based on systems theory and ecological approach. It is suggested that the interplay of information use and information infrastructures may be conceptualized as a systemic interaction, which is driven by the simultaneous influence of human activity related warrants and infrastructural affordances and constraints. The model provides an instrument that explicates the interplay of human information use and information infrastructures.

VL - 35 UR - http://jis.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/0165551509336705v1 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Kirjasto 2.0: Muuttuva osallistumisen kulttuuri Y1 - 2009 A1 - Kim Holmberg A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Kronqvist-Berg, Maria A1 - Nivakoski, Outi A1 - Widén-Wulff, Gunilla PB - BTJ Kustannus CY - Helsinki UR - http://www.btj.fi/?file=694 ER - TY - Generic T1 - Learning, Access, and Mobility (LAMB) for Cultural Heritage Education T2 - 37th Annual Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology (CAA) Conference Y1 - 2009 A1 - Uotila, Kari A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Paalassalo, Jari-Pekka A1 - Helenius, Ilkka A1 - Lindholm, Jani A1 - Lääperi, Minna A1 - Puolamäki, Laura A1 - Wahlqvist, Sirpa AB -

The present paper discusses the results of an R&D project (fi PULU) in south western Finland to develop a general purpose mobile application framework for elementary and grammar schools with a special emphasis on distributed content creation and a usage model anchored in the convergence of pedagogics and location-based cultural heritage information. Since the beginning of 2001, the LAMB project and its predecessors have studied, developed and evaluated several different technological and content design approaches starting from stand-alone applications on palmtop computers, tablet PCs, and smart phones to modern small light-weight portable tablet computers. The technological focus of the effort has been to develop a simple and robust position-aware multiplatform software application based on a simple general purpose data model based on locations. The Java application designed for the LAMB project can be run on diverse portable computers and used by a group of pupils together. Interactions with the application are recorded on the device and the teacher can afterwards evaluate pupil input and device use data. The software is based on freely available and Open Source components. An important aspect of the system is that it can be updated and maintained on site by the local staff without extensive technical knowledge.

JF - 37th Annual Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology (CAA) Conference CY - Williamsburg, Virginia UR - http://www.caa2009.org/articles/Uotilia_Contribution273_a%20(1).pdf ER - TY - JOUR T1 - My stratigraphy, your stratigraphy? Stratigraphic documentation as record and information JF - SKAS Y1 - 2009 A1 - Isto Huvila AB - Earlier studies in stratigraphical documentation have tended to focus on the representation of observed strata, stratigraphy, and on data capturing. The present article looks at the stratigraphical documentation process from the point of view of users. The two central implications of the present discussion is to problematise how archaeological documentation informs, and secondly, if archaeological documentation is a 'remnant', what type of record the documentation is? The conclusion is that it is important to document the documentation process, but similarly to an excavation, even this meta-documentation work should be guided by explicit questions and statement of purpose. ER - TY - CONF T1 - New modes of information behaviour emerging from the social web T2 - Proceedings of the 2009 ASIS&T Annual Meeting Y1 - 2009 A1 - Widén-Wulff, Gunilla A1 - Nivakoski, Outi A1 - Francke, Helena A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Hall, Hazel A1 - Kronqvist-Berg, Maria JF - Proceedings of the 2009 ASIS&T Annual Meeting PB - ASIS&T CY - Vancouver, BC, Canada UR - http://www.asis.org/Conferences/AM09/open-proceedings/panels/8.xml ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Semantiska wiki som digitala arkivsystem: samlingar, ärendehantering och deltagande JF - Informaatiotutkimus Y1 - 2009 A1 - Isto Huvila AB -

Archives and records management presents a series of requirements to information systems that distinguishes them from content and document management systems. In spite of the often fundamental differences, some of the approaches and functions implemented in the content and document management systems could be useful in archival and records management contexts. This article discusses the usability of semantic wikis in the management of archival information. The discussion is based on a series of development projects conducted in Finland. It appears that a semantic wiki has potential especially in the management and use of digital surrogates. There are some technical and especially major theoretical issues related to the use of semantic wikis in records management. It is concluded, however, that the principles of wiki approach could serve as a useful reference in discussions related to usability, access and rights and practices of participation in the context of archives and records management.

VL - 28 UR - http://ojs.tsv.fi/index.php/inf/article/view/2595/2398 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Steps towards a participatory digital library and data archive for archaeological information T2 - Proceedings of the 10th Libraries in the Digital Age (LIDA) 2009 Conference. Dubrovnik and Zadar, Croatia Y1 - 2009 A1 - Isto Huvila JF - Proceedings of the 10th Libraries in the Digital Age (LIDA) 2009 Conference. Dubrovnik and Zadar, Croatia CY - Zadar ER - TY - JOUR T1 - What is Library 2.0? JF - Journal of Documentation Y1 - 2009 A1 - Kim Holmberg A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Kronqvist-Berg, Maria A1 - Widén-Wulff, Gunilla AB - Purpose – The aim of this paper is to define both theoretically and empirically the concept of Library 2.0. Design/methodology/approach – Written answers to the question “What is Library 2.0?” given by practitioners and researchers (n 1⁄4 29) interested in Library 2.0 issues were analyzed by using co-word analysis to map the underlying elements of the concept. Findings – The study resulted in a model of Library 2.0, containing seven building-blocks of the phenomenon: interactivity, users, participation, libraries and library services, web and web 2.0, social aspects, and technology and tools. Research limitations/implications – The model provides a basis for framing Library 2.0 as a research object and to map central themes of future research. Practical implications – A comprehensive model enables both researchers and practitioners to frame the phenomenon more clearly, evaluate existing and planned services and their proximity to what is Library 2.0. Originality/value – Unlike earlier proposals for a definition of the notion Library 2.0, the present study presents an empirical and consensual crowd-sourcing approach of defining the concept Library 2.0 and provides basis for discussing the future evolution of the notion and its implications for library and information science research and library practices. VL - 65 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Bringing together Interdisciplinary Strategies for the Study of the “Seats of Power” in 3D Modeling. T2 - Methods and the Medievalist: Current Approaches in Medieval Studies. Y1 - 2008 A1 - Uotila, Kari: A1 - Vilkuna, Anna-Maria A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Grönlund, Elisabeth A1 - Simola, Heikki ED - Marko Lamberg ED - Jesse Keskiaho ED - Elina Räsänen ED - Olga Timofeeva ED - Leila Virtanen JF - Methods and the Medievalist: Current Approaches in Medieval Studies. PB - Cambridge Scholars Publishing CY - Cambridge SN - 1-84718-899-0 ER - TY - Generic T1 - Entä informaatiokirjoitustaito? T2 - Reader- and User-Oriented Communication: National Conference Communication Studies 2007 Y1 - 2008 A1 - Isto Huvila ED - Heli Katajamäki ED - Merja Koskela ED - Suvi Isohella AB -

Even though information literacy implicitly comprises an idea of a complete participation in an information community, the typical definitions of information literacy have tended to underline seeking, searching, locating, receiving and evaluation instead of information creation. Wilder (2005) has criticised the concept information literacy for emphasising the problems of searching instead of finding relevant information. The problematising of information seeking places emphasis on the difficulty of searching and the complexity of required skills. A more sensible approach would be to facilitate information use rather than to teach searching using complicated tools. All information sought by human-beings is mostly produced by their fellow humans. Therefore an approach to decrease complexity of information searching could to be to educate people to create more searchable and usable information. This article discusses information creation as a part of the concept information literacy. Besides technical problems, information creation education is inevitably faced by the complexities of social and cultural dimensions of information and information production. 

JF - Reader- and User-Oriented Communication: National Conference Communication Studies 2007 T3 - Vaasan yliopiston julkaisuja, selvityksiä ja raportteja PB - University of Vaasa CY - Vaasa VL - 152 SN - 978-952-476-233-5 UR - http://www.uwasa.fi/materiaali/pdf/isbn_978-952-476-233-5.pdf ER - TY - Generic T1 - The Information Condition: Information Resources and Use in Labour, Work and Action T2 - Information Seeking in Context (ISIC) Y1 - 2008 A1 - Isto Huvila JF - Information Seeking in Context (ISIC) T3 - Information Research CY - Vilnius, Lithuania UR - http://InformationR.net/ir/13-4/paper369.html ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Information work analysis: an approach to research on information interactions and information behaviour in context JF - Information Research Y1 - 2008 A1 - Isto Huvila KW - cognitive work analysis KW - information behaviour KW - information management KW - information use KW - information work KW - work roles AB -

Introduction. A work roles and role theory-based approach to conceptualise human information activity, denoted information work analysis is discussed. The present article explicates the approach and its special characteristics and benefits in comparison to earlier methods of analysing human information work.

Method. The approach is discussed in the light of the results of an empirically-based qualitative investigation of the information work of Finnish and Swedish archaeology professionals. The material was gathered in a series of twenty-five thematic interviews, which comprised a variety of different interview approaches.

Analysis. The data were analysed by using a grounded theory approach, which comprised iterative writing, schema analysis and validity checks.

Results. Information work analysis is an approach that explicitly focuses on information and work, from an information management point of view and perceives the two as social and cultural, instead of merely cognitive, issues. Unlike the information technology-oriented analytical frameworks, information work analysis aims at improving information work as a comprehensive enterprise instead of merely looking at how to develop a computerised information system.

Conclusions. Information work analysis provides a description and understanding of real world phenomena, but it is also an instrument, which aims at providing necessary premises for changing and developing the present state of affairs.

VL - 13 UR - http://informationr.net/ir/13-3/paper349.html JO - Information work analysis ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Kirjastot virtuaalimaailmassa (Engl Libraries in virtual worlds) T2 - Mahdollisuuksien ikkunoita: Turun ammattikorkeakoulun kirjasto- ja tietopalvelun koulutusohjelma 10 vuotta Y1 - 2008 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Kim Holmberg ED - Aulikki Holma ED - Niina Punelpuro KW - games KW - libraries KW - second life KW - virtual reality KW - virtual worlds JF - Mahdollisuuksien ikkunoita: Turun ammattikorkeakoulun kirjasto- ja tietopalvelun koulutusohjelma 10 vuotta PB - Turun ammattikorkeakoulu CY - Turku UR - http://julkaisut.turkuamk.fi/isbn9789522161307.pdf ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Learning together apart: Distance education in a virtual world JF - First Monday Y1 - 2008 A1 - Kim Holmberg A1 - Isto Huvila VL - 13 UR - http://journals.uic.edu/fm/article/view/2178/2033 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Library 2.0: a new participatory context T2 - Encyclopedia of Multimedia Technology and Networking Y1 - 2008 A1 - Widén-Wulff, Gunilla A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Kim Holmberg JF - Encyclopedia of Multimedia Technology and Networking PB - IGI Publishing CY - Hershey, PA VL - 2 SN - 978-1-60566-014-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oppimisen kolmas ulottuvuus - Second Lifen mahdollisuudet opetuskäytössä JF - SeOppi Y1 - 2008 A1 - Kim Holmberg A1 - Isto Huvila IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Participatory archive: towards decentralised curation, radical user orientation, and broader contextualisation of records management JF - Archival Science Y1 - 2008 A1 - Isto Huvila AB -

User perspective and user studies have received noticeably little practical attention in archives and archival science. The purpose of this article is to address the issues of communication and user participation in archival contexts. Two action research projects-based digital archives are discussed. The insights gained during the research and development work are used to formulate a new approach to a participatory archive. In spite of the historical nature of the archives discussed, the suggested ways of interacting with an archive are not specific to historical records. The fundamental characteristics of the proposed approach are decentralised curation, radical user orientation, and contextualisation of both records and the entire archival process.

VL - 8 UR - http://www.springerlink.com/content/u5p1365616q56r80/ JO - Participatory archive ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Passages to Medieval Archipelago: From Mobile Information Technology to Mobile Archaeological Information T2 - Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2008: Proceedings of the International Conference in Innsbruck, Austria, 2008 Y1 - 2008 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Uotila, Kari A1 - J. P. Paalassalo A1 - Jesse Huurre A1 - Sonja Veräjänkorva A1 - O'Connor, Peter A1 - Höpken, Wolfram A1 - Gretzel, Ulrike JF - Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2008: Proceedings of the International Conference in Innsbruck, Austria, 2008 PB - Springer CY - Berlin SN - 978-3-211-77279-9 UR - http://www.springer.com/springerwiennewyork/economics/book/978-3-211-77279-9?detailsPage=toc N1 - Out in April 2008 ER - TY - Generic T1 - Social Capital in Second Life T2 - Internet Research 9.0 Y1 - 2008 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Kim Holmberg JF - Internet Research 9.0 CY - Copenhagen UR - http://docs.aoir.org/members/195-127-1-DR.rtf ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Work and work roles: a context of tasks JF - Journal of Documentation Y1 - 2008 A1 - Isto Huvila KW - information science KW - LIS research KW - task analysis KW - tasks KW - work KW - work roles AB -

Purpose: Both task-based and work oriented research approaches have proved their value in information science research. A task is a workable analytical unit of human activity, which brings the level of explication close enough to cater for individual actions and their consequences. Similarly, work and work roles have been effective concepts at explicating the broad patterns of professional information activity. Major issues of the existing approaches are the difficulty of conceptualising the contexts of tasks and the relatively high level of abstraction of a work level scrutiny. The purpose of this paper is to discuss how the concepts of ‘work’, ‘work role’ and ‘task’ might be integrated into a common research agenda. We suggest that the explication of work and work roles might serve in providing additional understanding on the formation of the purposes, meanings and values, which guide the shaping of the activities conceptualised as tasks.
Methodology/Approach: The issue is discussed in general with a reference to an empirical study of information work of archaeology professionals informed by the notion of work role. 
Findings: It is suggested that the broader notions of work and work roles are useful concepts for explicating the context of more specific tasks.
Research limitations/implications: The suggested approach brings together task and work – work role-based research and provides a basis for exploring human information activity from a broader perspective than before and thus improving the general understanding of why and how information is used as it is used.
Practical implications: The study provides an approach to conceptualise the ways how people work with information and lays the ground for improving information management and organisation practices.
Originality: There has been little prior discussion about integrating the task and work-based approaches. We suggest that the explication of work and work roles might serve in providing additional understanding on the formation of the purposes, meanings and values, which guide the shaping of the activities conceptualised as tasks.

VL - 64 UR - http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/00220410810912406 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Don't ask me 'what', ask 'to what it is related' in a digital library T2 - Proceedings of the Libraries in the Digital Age (LIDA) 2007 conference Y1 - 2007 A1 - Isto Huvila JF - Proceedings of the Libraries in the Digital Age (LIDA) 2007 conference PB - University of Osijek and Rutgers University ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Informationsarbete och organisation av information i arkeologisk kontext JF - Fossa Y1 - 2007 A1 - Isto Huvila PB - Society of Classical Archaeology of Finland IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Informationsarbete och organisation av information i arkeologisk kontext JF - Muinaistutkija Y1 - 2007 A1 - Isto Huvila PB - Archaeological Society of Finland IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Knowledge and Policy Decisions: Concept Management for Organisations JF - International Journal of Knowledge, Culture and Change Management Y1 - 2007 A1 - Isto Huvila AB -

Eventual problems of knowledge transfer and sharing are usually dependent on a variety of factors. The troubles may be a consequence of a lack of trust, willingness to cooperate, difficulties in communication or a lack of a shared frame of reference. The last mentioned problem has been identified to be an especially prominent issue in the interface between expert and policy work. The findings of the present investigation on this precise issue suggests that a central source of difficulties may be a discrepancy of the critical concepts, which form the basis of the core knowledge, which is attempted to be shared. This study proposes the adoption of explicit concept management as a framework to manage and anticipate forthcoming changes of the central concepts, which are critical to the sharing of knowledge and the success of an organisation. The study is based on a qualitative empirical investigation conducted in Finland and in Sweden in the context of cultural heritage administration professionals.

VL - 6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Runescape - social fantasi på nätet JF - Bibban Y1 - 2007 A1 - Isto Huvila PB - Swedish Library Association of Finland (Finlands svenska biblioteksföreningen) UR - http://www.kirjastot.fi/sv-FI/biblioteksbranschen/Bibban/2007_2/runesc IS - 2 ER - TY - Generic T1 - To whom it may concern? The users and uses of digital archaeological information T2 - 35th International Conference on Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology (CAA) Y1 - 2007 A1 - Isto Huvila AB -

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In order to ensure the functional, not only physical sustainability of the earlier and current archaeological information resources, a special empha- sis on is needed the functional aspects of preservation. This paper reports of a study, which has explored the interface between the human patterns of information use and the methods of structuring and organizing archae- ological information and knowledge. The empirical case study was based on a series of thematic interviews with archaeology professionals from the Nordic countries. The study informs future development of information systems and information services for archaeology and cultural heritage professionals. The results of the analysis concluded in two critical success factors and several recommendations on how to improve archaeological information work and its outcomes.

JF - 35th International Conference on Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology (CAA) T3 - Kolloquien zur Vor- und Frühgeschichte PB - Dr. Rudolf Habelt GmbH CY - Berlin VL - 10 UR - http://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/volltexte/2010/514/pdf/13_05_huvila_users.pdf N1 -

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ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The Ecology of Information Work: A Case of Bridging Archaeological Work and Virtual Reality Based Knowledge Organisation Y1 - 2006 A1 - Isto Huvila AB - Information work is a part of all work. Success, effectiveness and efficiency of information work are based on a successful implementation of effective and efficient work practises, tools and infrastructures. Besides the success and quality of the individual components of information work, its prosperity is also dependent on an ability of generating and nurturing a functioning synergy between information, the organisation of information, and the practises of work. Work shapes information and is shaped by information and by the way information is organised. The study explores an interface between the human patterns of information use and the methods of structuring and organising information and knowledge. The issue is discussed with a reference to information work in the domain of archaeology. The study refers to the notion of virtual realities as a prospective basis for a knowledge organisation system and discusses the question that whether and how a virtual reality based knowledge organisation system might enhance the practises of archaeological information work. For analysing information activity in work contexts, the study introduces a new approach titled information work analysis. The approach incorporates a common ecological framework to explicate both the qualitative understanding of the information work and the formality of the knowledge organisation systems, which makes it possible to bridge the two notions. The study also presents for the first time a concise analytical description of work and information work within the domain of archaeology from an information science point of view. The study forms a solid basis for the future development of information systems and information services for archaeology and cultural heritage professionals. The conclusion is that the critical success factors of archaeological information work are fit and sustainability of the information processes. The information work analysis showed that archaeological information work would considerably benefit of more systematically coordinated and integrated information processes and of closer usage orientation. For the time being, archaeological information work resembles unnecessarily often an archaeological excavation. Virtual realities are potentially beneficial in supporting these factors in complex instances of information work, where the information is fluid, and in a state of making, and where the information work combines several contexts of the work and grasps the entire life-cycle of the information from the creation of information to its use and preservation. Typical examples of such work in archaeology is archaeological field work, research and policy related cultural heritage administration duties. PB - Åbo Akademi University Press CY - Åbo UR - http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:951-765-337-9 JO - The Ecology of Information Work ER - TY - CONF T1 - The Education of Little Archaeologist? Reflections on the Digital Education and Training of Archaeological Professionals T2 - Proceedings of the International Congress Kulturelles Erbe und Neue Technologien Workshop-10 Archäologie und Computer Y1 - 2006 A1 - Uotila, Kari A1 - Isto Huvila JF - Proceedings of the International Congress Kulturelles Erbe und Neue Technologien Workshop-10 Archäologie und Computer PB - Magistrat der Stadt Wien, MA 7 - Referat Kulturelles Erbe - Stadtarchäologie CY - Wien ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Informationsarbete och organisation av information i arkeologisk kontext JF - Informaatiotutkimus Y1 - 2006 A1 - Isto Huvila PB - Association for Information Studies in Finland IS - 4 ER - TY - Generic T1 - One size fits all in archaeological information work? T2 - International conference Information use in information society (IUIS2006 Y1 - 2006 A1 - Isto Huvila JF - International conference Information use in information society (IUIS2006 PB - University of Bratislava CY - Bratislava ER - TY - Generic T1 - Perspectives to the classication of information interactions: The Cool and Belkin faceted classication scheme under scrutiny T2 - First Symposium on Information Interaction in Context (IIiX 2006) Y1 - 2006 A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Widén-Wulff, Gunilla JF - First Symposium on Information Interaction in Context (IIiX 2006) PB - Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) CY - Copenhagen ER - TY - Generic T1 - Realtime intrasite documentation from above: the case of balloon-mounted wireless photography T2 - The e-volution of Information Communication Technology in Cultural Heritage. Where Hi-Tech Touches the Past: Risks and Challenges for the 21st Century. Short papers from the joint event CIPA/VAST/EG/EuroMed 2006 Y1 - 2006 A1 - Uotila, Kari A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Lehtonen, Hannele A1 - Wahlsten, Jan A1 - Ioannides, M, Arnold, D., Niccolucci, F., Mania, K. JF - The e-volution of Information Communication Technology in Cultural Heritage. Where Hi-Tech Touches the Past: Risks and Challenges for the 21st Century. Short papers from the joint event CIPA/VAST/EG/EuroMed 2006 PB - Archaeolingua SN - 963-8046-73-2-Ö ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Digitization of Cultural Heritage T2 - European Curriculum Reflections on Library and Information Science Education Y1 - 2005 A1 - Manzuch, Zinaida A1 - Isto Huvila A1 - Aparac-Jelusic, Tatjana A1 - Leif Kajberg A1 - Leif Lørring JF - European Curriculum Reflections on Library and Information Science Education PB - The Royal School of Library and Information Science CY - Copenhagen UR - http://biblis.db.dk/uhtbin/hyperion.exe/db.leikaj05 ER -
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