How to format your references using the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

PaperpileThe citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNoteDownload the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and othersThe style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeXBibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author
1.
Wadman M. US blood ban underlines CJD fears. Nature 2001;412:7.
A journal article with 2 authors
1.
Cook EH Jr, Scherer SW. Copy-number variations associated with neuropsychiatric conditions. Nature 2008;455:919–923.
A journal article with 3 authors
1.
Wasan DT, Nikolov AD, Brenner H. Fluid dynamics. Droplets speeding on surfaces. Science 2001;291:605–606.
A journal article with 30 or more authors
1.
Jordan IK, Kondrashov FA, Adzhubei IA, Wolf YI, Koonin EV, Kondrashov AS, Sunyaev S. A universal trend of amino acid gain and loss in protein evolution. Nature 2005;433:633–638.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book
1.
Grous A. Applied Metrology for Manufacturing Engineering. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2011.
An edited book
1.
Zlotnik Shaul R, editor. Paediatric Patient and Family-Centred Care: Ethical and Legal Issues. New York, NY: Springer; 2014.
A chapter in an edited book
1.
De Cecco CN, Wichmann JL, Muscogiuri G, Hardie A, Laghi A. Dual Energy CT in Liver Tumors. In: De Cecco CN, Laghi A, Schoepf UJ, Meinel FG, editors. Dual Energy CT in Oncology Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. p. 59–73.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.

Blog post
1.
Andrew E. Global Population Predicted To Reach 11 Billion By 2100. IFLScience 2015;at <https://www.iflscience.com/environment/booming-global-population-predicted-reach-11-billion-2100/>.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report
1.
Government Accountability Office. Use of Computers at Naval Laboratories. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1973.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation
1.
Nauman T. Digital soil-landscape classification for soil survey using ASTER satellite and digital elevation data in Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, Arizona. 2009;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article
1.
Leshy JD, Squillace M. The Endangered Antiquities Act. New York Times 2017;

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1, 2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal titleAmerican Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
AbbreviationAm. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.
ISSN (print)1073-449X
ISSN (online)1535-4970
ScopeCritical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine

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