Introduction to Open Access and the Open Access to Research Articles Act Faculty Workshop

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Presentation on introducing the concept of Open Access and the requirements of the Open Access to Research Articles Act for the faculty at the University of Illinois Springfield. Topic covered include what is open access, myths about open access, open access journals, copyright and creative commons as it relates to open access and information on the recently passed open access to research articles act.

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Introduction to Open Access and the Open Access to Research Articles Act Faculty Workshop

  1. 1. Open Access & Open Access to Research Articles Act - What every faculty author should know….. H. Stephen McMinn Director of Collections and Scholarly Communications 1
  2. 2. Discussion Topics Open Access  What is it?  Copyright and Authors Rights  Why is it important?  What’s in it for me?  What can I do? Biss Bill – Public Act 098-0295  Timeline  Deliverables  Coverage  Items to Consider 2
  3. 3. What is Open Access? Open Access-Lots of Definitions “Open-access (OA) literature is digital, online, free of charge, and free of most copyright and licensing restrictions.” Peter Suber*… (http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/overview.htm ) *Director of the Harvard Open Access project, Faculty Fellow at the Berkman Center for Internet and Society, and Research Professor of Philosophy at Earlham College 3
  4. 4. What do we mean by open? Open & Free to Access and Use Open to … Contribution and Participation Granting rights up front to enable sharing and reuse Use & Reuse with Few or No Restrictions Indexing and Machine Readable - Creating opportunities for new forms of technology enabled scholarship and data mining 4
  5. 5. Open Access Is!  Digital, Online, free of charge, and free of most copyright and licensing restrictions  Uses Internet with the consent of the author and copyright holder  Compatible with peer review  Not a type of license but works with licenses like creative commons  Not a business model but works with various models5
  6. 6. What is Open Access? 6
  7. 7. Open Access and Copyright Open access is built upon authors retaining all or part of their rights under copyright. These rights include: – To publish/distribute work – To Reproduce/Copy – Prepare Translations or Derivative Works – To perform or display the work publicly – The ability to transfer these rights to others 8
  8. 8. Open Access and Copyright/Creative Commons  Open access is built upon authors retaining all or part of their initial rights under copyright law.  Creative Commons is an easy way to transfer rights – they allow creators to communicate which rights they reserve, and which rights they waive for the benefit of recipients or other creators. 11
  9. 9. Why Support Open Access? 12
  10. 10. Why Open Access?  “Information wants to be free!”  Unsustainable pricing model of scholarly journals  Requirements of Funding Agencies – NIH & Others  Broken Copyright -- Use & Reuse with Few or No Restrictions 13
  11. 11. Why Open Access? Beliefs of the Academy…. “Open access truly expands shared knowledge across scientific fields — it is the best path for accelerating multi-disciplinary breakthroughs in research." Open Letter to the US Congress signed by Nobel Prize winners 14
  12. 12. 16
  13. 13. Initiatives at the Federal Level  NIH Public Access Policy  America Competes Reauthorization Act of 2010  Increasing Access to the Results of Federally Funded Scientific Research – Presidential Policy Memorandum (2/22/13) 17
  14. 14. NIH Public Access Policy The NIH Public Access Policy implements Division G, Title II, Section 218 of PL 110-161 (Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2008). The law states: The Director of the National Institutes of Health shall require that all investigators funded by the NIH submit or have submitted for them to the National Library of Medicine’s PubMed Central an electronic version of their final, peer-reviewed manuscripts upon acceptance for publication, to be made publicly available no later than 12 months after the official date of publication: Provided, That the NIH shall implement the public access policy in a manner consistent with copyright law NIH Public Access Policy @ http://publicaccess.nih.gov 18
  15. 15. NIH Rules - In Brief  NIH-funded research must be made freely available to the public  Deposit made publicly available no later than 12 months after the official date of publication  Authors submit an e-copy of their published articles to NIH PubMed Central 19
  16. 16. Proposed Legislation  FASTR - Fair Access to Science and Technology Research Act “The FASTR act provides that access because taxpayer funded research should never be hidden behind a paywall.” 20
  17. 17. The Fair Access to Science and Technology Research Act (FASTR)  Current bill in Congress  Requires government agencies with annual research expenditures greater than $100 million to make electronic manuscripts of peer-reviewed journal articles based on their research freely available within six months of publication 21
  18. 18. Other Policies and Legislation  California Bill covering State Agencies & Contactors – People who receive state funding  New York Bill – similar to California  International Policies and Funding Agencies Policies – JULIET from SHERPA 23
  19. 19. What’s in it for me?  Ease of Use – Copyright - Getting Permissions – Coursepacks/Couse Management – MOOCs  Increased Visibility  Increased Citations 24
  20. 20. Increased Citations to Open Access Articles 25
  21. 21. 27
  22. 22. How to Support Open Access  Publish in Open Access Journals – Open Access Policies Publishing in Open Access Journals  Use Repositories – Subject Repositories (ArXiv – Physics Archive) – IDEALS (UI Institutional Repository)  Support OA Policies 28
  23. 23. Open Access Journals Scholarly journals that are available online to the reader "without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself.“ Suber, Peter. "Open Access Overview". http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/overview.htm 29
  24. 24. Types of Open Access  “Green” Open Access Authors publish in any journal and then self-archive a version of the article for free public use in their institutional repository, in a central repository (such as PubMed Central), or on some other OA website.  “Gold” Open Access Authors publish in an open access journal that provides immediate OA to all of its articles on the publisher's website.  Hybrid Open Access Provide Gold OA only for those individual articles for which their authors (or their author's institution or funder) pay an OA publishing fee. 31
  25. 25. 33
  26. 26. Finding Friendly Publishers  The Romeo/eprints directory provides information on the self-archiving policy of journals – Levels of “openness” in publishers agreements – www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/  DOJA -- Directory of Open Access Journals – Used to find Open Access Journals – www.doaj.org 34
  27. 27. Other Useful Tools  Sherpa/JULIET – Funders Requirements – www.sherpa.ac.uk/juliet/  Scholarly Open Access Blog by Jeffrey Beall – http://scholarlyoa.com/  Ask me or Ask a Librarian – http://libguides.uis.edu/librarians 35
  28. 28. IDEALS - University of Illinois Institutional Repository  IDEALS is the digital repository for research and scholarship - including published and unpublished papers, datasets, video and audio - produced at the University of Illinois.  All faculty, staff, and graduate students can deposit into IDEALS. (https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/) 36
  29. 29. 37
  30. 30. 38
  31. 31. Biss Bill Open Access to Research Articles Act Illinois Public Act 098-0295 40
  32. 32. Open Access to Research Articles Act  Illinois Public Act 098-0295 passed last fall by the legislature  Mandates a Task Force to “consider how the public university can best further the open access goals laid out in this Act,”  By January 1, 2015, each task force shall adopt a report setting forth its findings and recommendations. 41
  33. 33. Requirements of the Act  These recommendations shall include “a detailed description of any open access policy the task force recommends that the public university or State adopt”  Plan for Implementation for Public Universities  Minority report at request of any member 42
  34. 34. Key components of open access policies  Spells out who has rights to the work  Provides for a means for authors to deposit scholarly works  Provides a waiver or opt-out policy that may be applied to specific articles 43
  35. 35. Open Access to Research Articles Act  Timeline  Deliverables  Coverage  Items to Consider  Resources – IDEALS 44
  36. 36. Timeline  Task Force established by January 1, 2014  Adopt Report: On or Before January 1, 2015  Open Meeting Requirements –Public notice of the schedule of regular meetings (date, place, and time) - Agendas posted 48 hours in advance of the holding of the meeting 46
  37. 37. Deliverables  Detailed Description of Open Access Policy – University – State – Both?  Plan for Implementation for Public Universities  Minority report at request of any member 47
  38. 38. Coverage  Published Research Articles?  Review current practices – Peer Institutions and Government 48
  39. 39. Open Access to Research Articles Act - Items to Consider  Academic Freedom  Copyright Policy  Reporting -Oversight & Enforcement  Cost of Repository  Potential for Collaboration  Potential use of existing scholarly repositories  Support for Gold Open Access (Pros & Cons)  Academic Discipline Specific considerations  Determination of article version to be made available 49
  40. 40. 10th Item to Consider- Who and What is to be covered in the Policy Who  Employees of State Agencies  State grant awardees  Faculty  Adjunct, Clinical, part time faculty What  Journal articles, and…  Dissertations  Conference Materials?  Laboratory manuals?  Books?  Patentable discoveries? 50
  41. 41. 51
  42. 42. Who Uses Open Access? Universities that have adopted open access policies, the physics arXiv has been in existence for some 20 years, and NIH has mandated deposit to PubMed Central since 2008. 52
  43. 43. Open Access Initiatives at Other Universities  University of California http://osc.universityofcalifornia.edu/openaccesspolicy  Harvard https://osc.hul.harvard.edu/policies  MIT http://libraries.mit.edu/scholarly/mit-open- access/open-access-at-mit/mit-open-access- policy/mit-faculty-open-access-policy-faq/ 53
  44. 44. COAPI  COAPI (Coalition of Open Access Policy Institutions) - Currently consists of 45 colleges & universities  Although many of the members are R1 institutions but some are from small liberal arts colleges.  Provosts at all of these institutions have signed an open letter in support of FASTR. 54
  45. 45. 6 Myths of Open Access 1. The only way to provide open access to peer reviewed journal articles is to publish in open access journals. 2. All or most open access journals charge publication fees (1/3 OA, ¾ NonOA) 3. Most author side fees are paid by the authors themselves. (12%) 56
  46. 46. 6 Myths of Open Access 4. Publishing in a conventional journal closes the door on making the same work open access. 5. Open access journal or intrinsically low in quality (For sciences ISI has 1 at/near top ) 6. Open access mandates infringe academic freedom. (green vs gold) 57
  47. 47. Want more information on Open Access?  Open Access FAQ – https://uofi.box.com/openaccess-faq  Links from UIS Faculty Senate Presentation -- https://uofi.box.com/openaccess-links  University of Illinois Springfield – Open Access Information -- https://uofi.box.com/OpenAccess  Open Access Directory -- http://oad.simmons.edu/oadwiki/Main_Page 58
  48. 48. Attribution  Ruminating Poe by Chas Addams -- http://dorjeixchel.typepad.com/.a/6a00e550e9851d88340154368af b91970c-pi  Graph: Harnad, Stevan, Tim Brody, François Vallières, Les Carr, Steve Hitchcock, Yves Gingras, Charles Oppenheim, Chawki Hajjem, and Eberhard R. Hilf 2008 The Access/Imipact Problem and the Green and Gold Roads to Open Access: An Update. Serials Review 34(1):36- 40. Accessed online 16 Oct. 2009 http://publishingarchaeology.blogspot.com/2008/07/you-should- self-archive-your.html  Video - Open Access Explained! By Piled Higher and Deeper (PHD Comics). http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L5rVH1KGBCY CREDITS: Animation by Jorge Cham; Narration by Nick Shockey and Jonathan Eisen; Transcription by Noel Dilworth; Produced in partnership with the Right to Research Coalition, the Scholarly Publishing and Resources Coalition and the National Association of Graduate-Professional Students.  “Signs” by Chas Addams. Scanned from Monster Rally by Charles Addams Simon and Schuster, 1950, p. 7. 61

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