Redesigning Organizational Structures Essay

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Redesigning Organizational Structures in Libraries & Information Centers A Literature Review by Hiyam A. AlAwam Contents Introduction 3 Organizational Structures Definitions 3 Factors of Organizational Change 4 Organizational Changes in Libraries/Information Centres 6 Common Problems and Pitfalls 8 Solutions and Guidelines 11 Organizational Structures of the Future 15 Conclusion 17 References 18 INTRODUCTION An organization is a formal group of people who work together with one or more shared goals for the purpose of administering something. The organizational structure refers to the way in which the interrelated groups of an organization are constructed (Wikipedia Encyclopedia, n.d.). From a managerial point of view the main concerns of any organization is ensuring effective communication and coordination. The primary means of coordination are informal communication, formal hierarchy and standardization. The four basic elements of organizational structure include span of control, centralization, formalization and departmentalization. Years ago scholars suggested that organizations should have a tall hierarchy with a narrow span of control. Today, most organizations have the opposite view because they rely on informal communication and standardization, rather than direct supervision in order to coordinate work processes. Organizations are the basic building blocks of modern society; the development of libraries and information center organizations is inevitable in any complex culture because of the limitations of individuals. Most human organizations fall roughly into four types: pyramids or hierarchies, committees or juries, matrix organizations and ecologies. This paper reviews the literature related to organizational structure problems, failure,

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