Builds a DNSKEY record from a PublicKey
176284
static byte []
fromPublicKey(PublicKey key, int alg) throws DNSSECException
{
	byte [] data = null;

	switch (alg) {
	case Algorithm.RSAMD5:
	case Algorithm.RSASHA1:
	case Algorithm.RSA_NSEC3_SHA1:
	case Algorithm.RSASHA256:
	case Algorithm.RSASHA512:
		if (! (key instanceof RSAPublicKey))
			throw new IncompatibleKeyException();
		return fromRSAPublicKey((RSAPublicKey) key);
	case Algorithm.DSA:
	case Algorithm.DSA_NSEC3_SHA1:
		if (! (key instanceof DSAPublicKey))
			throw new IncompatibleKeyException();
		return fromDSAPublicKey((DSAPublicKey) key);
	default:
		throw new UnsupportedAlgorithmException(alg);
	}
}
424907
function(publicKey, rules, callback) {
        if (!Array.isArray(rules)) {
            rules = [rules];
        }

        if (!publicKey) {
            throw new Error('Public key must be a valid string');
        }

        var url = this.getResourceUrl({ path: '/keys/' + publicKey + '/access', user: null });

        request({
            method: 'POST',
            uri: this.getSignedResourceUrl('POST', url),
            json: rules,
            onComplete: function(err, res, body) {
                callback(err, body, res);
            }
        });

        return this;
    }
643674
def generate_public_key(self):
        
        self.public_key = pow(self.generator,
                              self.__private_key,
                              self.prime)
626543
function _convertPublicKey($n, $e)
    {
        $signed = $this->publicKeyFormat != self::PUBLIC_FORMAT_XML;

        $modulus = $n->toBytes($signed);
        $publicExponent = $e->toBytes($signed);

        switch ($this->publicKeyFormat) {
            case self::PUBLIC_FORMAT_RAW:
                return array('e' => $e->copy(), 'n' => $n->copy());
            case self::PUBLIC_FORMAT_XML:
                return "<RSAKeyValue>\r\n" .
                       '  <Modulus>' . base64_encode($modulus) . "</Modulus>\r\n" .
                       '  <Exponent>' . base64_encode($publicExponent) . "</Exponent>\r\n" .
                       '</RSAKeyValue>';
                break;
            case self::PUBLIC_FORMAT_OPENSSH:
                // from <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4253#page-15>:
                // string    "ssh-rsa"
                // mpint     e
                // mpint     n
                $RSAPublicKey = pack('Na*Na*Na*', strlen('ssh-rsa'), 'ssh-rsa', strlen($publicExponent), $publicExponent, strlen($modulus), $modulus);
                $RSAPublicKey = 'ssh-rsa ' . base64_encode($RSAPublicKey) . ' ' . $this->comment;

                return $RSAPublicKey;
            default: // eg. self::PUBLIC_FORMAT_PKCS1_RAW or self::PUBLIC_FORMAT_PKCS1
                // from <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3447#appendix-A.1.1>:
                // RSAPublicKey ::= SEQUENCE {
                //     modulus           INTEGER,  -- n
                //     publicExponent    INTEGER   -- e
                // }
                $components = array(
                    'modulus' => pack('Ca*a*', self::ASN1_INTEGER, $this->_encodeLength(strlen($modulus)), $modulus),
                    'publicExponent' => pack('Ca*a*', self::ASN1_INTEGER, $this->_encodeLength(strlen($publicExponent)), $publicExponent)
                );

                $RSAPublicKey = pack(
                    'Ca*a*a*',
                    self::ASN1_SEQUENCE,
                    $this->_encodeLength(strlen($components['modulus']) + strlen($components['publicExponent'])),
                    $components['modulus'],
                    $components['publicExponent']
                );

                if ($this->publicKeyFormat == self::PUBLIC_FORMAT_PKCS1_RAW) {
                    $RSAPublicKey = "-----BEGIN RSA PUBLIC KEY-----\r\n" .
                                    chunk_split(base64_encode($RSAPublicKey), 64) .
                                    '-----END RSA PUBLIC KEY-----';
                } else {
                    // sequence(oid(1.2.840.113549.1.1.1), null)) = rsaEncryption.
                    $rsaOID = pack('H*', '300d06092a864886f70d0101010500'); // hex version of MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUA
                    $RSAPublicKey = chr(0) . $RSAPublicKey;
                    $RSAPublicKey = chr(3) . $this->_encodeLength(strlen($RSAPublicKey)) . $RSAPublicKey;

                    $RSAPublicKey = pack(
                        'Ca*a*',
                        self::ASN1_SEQUENCE,
                        $this->_encodeLength(strlen($rsaOID . $RSAPublicKey)),
                        $rsaOID . $RSAPublicKey
                    );

                    $RSAPublicKey = "-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----\r\n" .
                                     chunk_split(base64_encode($RSAPublicKey), 64) .
                                     '-----END PUBLIC KEY-----';
                }

                return $RSAPublicKey;
        }
    }
198378
async function createPrivateKey(size = 2048) {
    let pemKey;

    /* Native implementation */
    if (nativeGenKeyPair) {
        const result = await nativeGenKeyPair('rsa', {
            modulusLength: size,
            publicKeyEncoding: { type: 'spki', format: 'pem' },
            privateKeyEncoding: { type: 'pkcs8', format: 'pem' }
        });

        pemKey = result[1];
    }
    /* Forge implementation */
    else {
        const keyPair = await forgeGenKeyPair({ bits: size });
        pemKey = forge.pki.privateKeyToPem(keyPair.privateKey);
    }

    return Buffer.from(pemKey);
}
894875
public static PublicKey createPublicKey(byte[] publicKey) {
    if (publicKey == null) {
      return null;
    }
    
    try {
      KeyFactory fac = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
      EncodedKeySpec spec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(publicKey);
      return fac.generatePublic(spec);
    }
    catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(e);
    }
    catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(e);
    }
  }
1192336
function _convertPrivateKey($n, $e, $d, $primes, $exponents, $coefficients)
    {
        $signed = $this->privateKeyFormat != self::PRIVATE_FORMAT_XML;
        $num_primes = count($primes);
        $raw = array(
            'version' => $num_primes == 2 ? chr(0) : chr(1), // two-prime vs. multi
            'modulus' => $n->toBytes($signed),
            'publicExponent' => $e->toBytes($signed),
            'privateExponent' => $d->toBytes($signed),
            'prime1' => $primes[1]->toBytes($signed),
            'prime2' => $primes[2]->toBytes($signed),
            'exponent1' => $exponents[1]->toBytes($signed),
            'exponent2' => $exponents[2]->toBytes($signed),
            'coefficient' => $coefficients[2]->toBytes($signed)
        );

        // if the format in question does not support multi-prime rsa and multi-prime rsa was used,
        // call _convertPublicKey() instead.
        switch ($this->privateKeyFormat) {
            case self::PRIVATE_FORMAT_XML:
                if ($num_primes != 2) {
                    return false;
                }
                return "<RSAKeyValue>\r\n" .
                       '  <Modulus>' . base64_encode($raw['modulus']) . "</Modulus>\r\n" .
                       '  <Exponent>' . base64_encode($raw['publicExponent']) . "</Exponent>\r\n" .
                       '  <P>' . base64_encode($raw['prime1']) . "</P>\r\n" .
                       '  <Q>' . base64_encode($raw['prime2']) . "</Q>\r\n" .
                       '  <DP>' . base64_encode($raw['exponent1']) . "</DP>\r\n" .
                       '  <DQ>' . base64_encode($raw['exponent2']) . "</DQ>\r\n" .
                       '  <InverseQ>' . base64_encode($raw['coefficient']) . "</InverseQ>\r\n" .
                       '  <D>' . base64_encode($raw['privateExponent']) . "</D>\r\n" .
                       '</RSAKeyValue>';
                break;
            case self::PRIVATE_FORMAT_PUTTY:
                if ($num_primes != 2) {
                    return false;
                }
                $key = "PuTTY-User-Key-File-2: ssh-rsa\r\nEncryption: ";
                $encryption = (!empty($this->password) || is_string($this->password)) ? 'aes256-cbc' : 'none';
                $key.= $encryption;
                $key.= "\r\nComment: " . $this->comment . "\r\n";
                $public = pack(
                    'Na*Na*Na*',
                    strlen('ssh-rsa'),
                    'ssh-rsa',
                    strlen($raw['publicExponent']),
                    $raw['publicExponent'],
                    strlen($raw['modulus']),
                    $raw['modulus']
                );
                $source = pack(
                    'Na*Na*Na*Na*',
                    strlen('ssh-rsa'),
                    'ssh-rsa',
                    strlen($encryption),
                    $encryption,
                    strlen($this->comment),
                    $this->comment,
                    strlen($public),
                    $public
                );
                $public = base64_encode($public);
                $key.= "Public-Lines: " . ((strlen($public) + 63) >> 6) . "\r\n";
                $key.= chunk_split($public, 64);
                $private = pack(
                    'Na*Na*Na*Na*',
                    strlen($raw['privateExponent']),
                    $raw['privateExponent'],
                    strlen($raw['prime1']),
                    $raw['prime1'],
                    strlen($raw['prime2']),
                    $raw['prime2'],
                    strlen($raw['coefficient']),
                    $raw['coefficient']
                );
                if (empty($this->password) && !is_string($this->password)) {
                    $source.= pack('Na*', strlen($private), $private);
                    $hashkey = 'putty-private-key-file-mac-key';
                } else {
                    $private.= Random::string(16 - (strlen($private) & 15));
                    $source.= pack('Na*', strlen($private), $private);
                    $sequence = 0;
                    $symkey = '';
                    while (strlen($symkey) < 32) {
                        $temp = pack('Na*', $sequence++, $this->password);
                        $symkey.= pack('H*', sha1($temp));
                    }
                    $symkey = substr($symkey, 0, 32);
                    $crypto = new AES();

                    $crypto->setKey($symkey);
                    $crypto->disablePadding();
                    $private = $crypto->encrypt($private);
                    $hashkey = 'putty-private-key-file-mac-key' . $this->password;
                }

                $private = base64_encode($private);
                $key.= 'Private-Lines: ' . ((strlen($private) + 63) >> 6) . "\r\n";
                $key.= chunk_split($private, 64);
                $hash = new Hash('sha1');
                $hash->setKey(pack('H*', sha1($hashkey)));
                $key.= 'Private-MAC: ' . bin2hex($hash->hash($source)) . "\r\n";

                return $key;
            default: // eg. self::PRIVATE_FORMAT_PKCS1
                $components = array();
                foreach ($raw as $name => $value) {
                    $components[$name] = pack('Ca*a*', self::ASN1_INTEGER, $this->_encodeLength(strlen($value)), $value);
                }

                $RSAPrivateKey = implode('', $components);

                if ($num_primes > 2) {
                    $OtherPrimeInfos = '';
                    for ($i = 3; $i <= $num_primes; $i++) {
                        // OtherPrimeInfos ::= SEQUENCE SIZE(1..MAX) OF OtherPrimeInfo
                        //
                        // OtherPrimeInfo ::= SEQUENCE {
                        //     prime             INTEGER,  -- ri
                        //     exponent          INTEGER,  -- di
                        //     coefficient       INTEGER   -- ti
                        // }
                        $OtherPrimeInfo = pack('Ca*a*', self::ASN1_INTEGER, $this->_encodeLength(strlen($primes[$i]->toBytes(true))), $primes[$i]->toBytes(true));
                        $OtherPrimeInfo.= pack('Ca*a*', self::ASN1_INTEGER, $this->_encodeLength(strlen($exponents[$i]->toBytes(true))), $exponents[$i]->toBytes(true));
                        $OtherPrimeInfo.= pack('Ca*a*', self::ASN1_INTEGER, $this->_encodeLength(strlen($coefficients[$i]->toBytes(true))), $coefficients[$i]->toBytes(true));
                        $OtherPrimeInfos.= pack('Ca*a*', self::ASN1_SEQUENCE, $this->_encodeLength(strlen($OtherPrimeInfo)), $OtherPrimeInfo);
                    }
                    $RSAPrivateKey.= pack('Ca*a*', self::ASN1_SEQUENCE, $this->_encodeLength(strlen($OtherPrimeInfos)), $OtherPrimeInfos);
                }

                $RSAPrivateKey = pack('Ca*a*', self::ASN1_SEQUENCE, $this->_encodeLength(strlen($RSAPrivateKey)), $RSAPrivateKey);

                if ($this->privateKeyFormat == self::PRIVATE_FORMAT_PKCS8) {
                    $rsaOID = pack('H*', '300d06092a864886f70d0101010500'); // hex version of MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUA
                    $RSAPrivateKey = pack(
                        'Ca*a*Ca*a*',
                        self::ASN1_INTEGER,
                        "\01\00",
                        $rsaOID,
                        4,
                        $this->_encodeLength(strlen($RSAPrivateKey)),
                        $RSAPrivateKey
                    );
                    $RSAPrivateKey = pack('Ca*a*', self::ASN1_SEQUENCE, $this->_encodeLength(strlen($RSAPrivateKey)), $RSAPrivateKey);
                    if (!empty($this->password) || is_string($this->password)) {
                        $salt = Random::string(8);
                        $iterationCount = 2048;

                        $crypto = new DES();
                        $crypto->setPassword($this->password, 'pbkdf1', 'md5', $salt, $iterationCount);
                        $RSAPrivateKey = $crypto->encrypt($RSAPrivateKey);

                        $parameters = pack(
                            'Ca*a*Ca*N',
                            self::ASN1_OCTETSTRING,
                            $this->_encodeLength(strlen($salt)),
                            $salt,
                            self::ASN1_INTEGER,
                            $this->_encodeLength(4),
                            $iterationCount
                        );
                        $pbeWithMD5AndDES_CBC = "\x2a\x86\x48\x86\xf7\x0d\x01\x05\x03";

                        $encryptionAlgorithm = pack(
                            'Ca*a*Ca*a*',
                            self::ASN1_OBJECT,
                            $this->_encodeLength(strlen($pbeWithMD5AndDES_CBC)),
                            $pbeWithMD5AndDES_CBC,
                            self::ASN1_SEQUENCE,
                            $this->_encodeLength(strlen($parameters)),
                            $parameters
                        );

                        $RSAPrivateKey = pack(
                            'Ca*a*Ca*a*',
                            self::ASN1_SEQUENCE,
                            $this->_encodeLength(strlen($encryptionAlgorithm)),
                            $encryptionAlgorithm,
                            self::ASN1_OCTETSTRING,
                            $this->_encodeLength(strlen($RSAPrivateKey)),
                            $RSAPrivateKey
                        );

                        $RSAPrivateKey = pack('Ca*a*', self::ASN1_SEQUENCE, $this->_encodeLength(strlen($RSAPrivateKey)), $RSAPrivateKey);

                        $RSAPrivateKey = "-----BEGIN ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY-----\r\n" .
                                         chunk_split(base64_encode($RSAPrivateKey), 64) .
                                         '-----END ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY-----';
                    } else {
                        $RSAPrivateKey = "-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----\r\n" .
                                         chunk_split(base64_encode($RSAPrivateKey), 64) .
                                         '-----END PRIVATE KEY-----';
                    }
                    return $RSAPrivateKey;
                }

                if (!empty($this->password) || is_string($this->password)) {
                    $iv = Random::string(8);
                    $symkey = pack('H*', md5($this->password . $iv)); // symkey is short for symmetric key
                    $symkey.= substr(pack('H*', md5($symkey . $this->password . $iv)), 0, 8);
                    $des = new TripleDES();
                    $des->setKey($symkey);
                    $des->setIV($iv);
                    $iv = strtoupper(bin2hex($iv));
                    $RSAPrivateKey = "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\r\n" .
                                     "Proc-Type: 4,ENCRYPTED\r\n" .
                                     "DEK-Info: DES-EDE3-CBC,$iv\r\n" .
                                     "\r\n" .
                                     chunk_split(base64_encode($des->encrypt($RSAPrivateKey)), 64) .
                                     '-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----';
                } else {
                    $RSAPrivateKey = "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\r\n" .
                                     chunk_split(base64_encode($RSAPrivateKey), 64) .
                                     '-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----';
                }

                return $RSAPrivateKey;
        }
    }
1293277
public static PublicKey
parseRecord(DNSKEYRecord r) {
	int alg = r.getAlgorithm();
	byte [] data = r.getKey();
	return parseRecord(alg, data);
}
934339
public static CipherUtil buildInstance(String privateKey, String publicKey) {
        return buildInstance(privateKey.getBytes(), publicKey.getBytes());
    }
1033780
def to_point
      p = pubkey
      p ||= generate_pubkey(priv_key, compressed: compressed)
      ECDSA::Format::PointOctetString.decode(p.htb, Bitcoin::Secp256k1::GROUP)
    end
160216
public static PublicKey
parseRecord(KEYRecord r) {
	int alg = r.getAlgorithm();
	byte [] data = r.getKey();
	return parseRecord(alg, data);
}
510545
function _convertPublicKey($n, $e)
    {
        $signed = $this->publicKeyFormat != CRYPT_RSA_PUBLIC_FORMAT_XML;

        $modulus = $n->toBytes($signed);
        $publicExponent = $e->toBytes($signed);

        switch ($this->publicKeyFormat) {
            case CRYPT_RSA_PUBLIC_FORMAT_RAW:
                return array('e' => $e->copy(), 'n' => $n->copy());
            case CRYPT_RSA_PUBLIC_FORMAT_XML:
                return "<RSAKeyValue>\r\n" .
                       '  <Modulus>' . base64_encode($modulus) . "</Modulus>\r\n" .
                       '  <Exponent>' . base64_encode($publicExponent) . "</Exponent>\r\n" .
                       '</RSAKeyValue>';
                break;
            case CRYPT_RSA_PUBLIC_FORMAT_OPENSSH:
                // from <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4253#page-15>:
                // string    "ssh-rsa"
                // mpint     e
                // mpint     n
                $RSAPublicKey = pack('Na*Na*Na*', strlen('ssh-rsa'), 'ssh-rsa', strlen($publicExponent), $publicExponent, strlen($modulus), $modulus);
                $RSAPublicKey = 'ssh-rsa ' . base64_encode($RSAPublicKey) . ' ' . $this->comment;

                return $RSAPublicKey;
            default: // eg. CRYPT_RSA_PUBLIC_FORMAT_PKCS1_RAW or CRYPT_RSA_PUBLIC_FORMAT_PKCS1
                // from <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3447#appendix-A.1.1>:
                // RSAPublicKey ::= SEQUENCE {
                //     modulus           INTEGER,  -- n
                //     publicExponent    INTEGER   -- e
                // }
                $components = array(
                    'modulus' => pack('Ca*a*', CRYPT_RSA_ASN1_INTEGER, $this->_encodeLength(strlen($modulus)), $modulus),
                    'publicExponent' => pack('Ca*a*', CRYPT_RSA_ASN1_INTEGER, $this->_encodeLength(strlen($publicExponent)), $publicExponent)
                );

                $RSAPublicKey = pack(
                    'Ca*a*a*',
                    CRYPT_RSA_ASN1_SEQUENCE,
                    $this->_encodeLength(strlen($components['modulus']) + strlen($components['publicExponent'])),
                    $components['modulus'],
                    $components['publicExponent']
                );

                if ($this->publicKeyFormat == CRYPT_RSA_PUBLIC_FORMAT_PKCS1_RAW) {
                    $RSAPublicKey = "-----BEGIN RSA PUBLIC KEY-----\r\n" .
                                    chunk_split(base64_encode($RSAPublicKey), 64) .
                                    '-----END RSA PUBLIC KEY-----';
                } else {
                    // sequence(oid(1.2.840.113549.1.1.1), null)) = rsaEncryption.
                    $rsaOID = pack('H*', '300d06092a864886f70d0101010500'); // hex version of MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUA
                    $RSAPublicKey = chr(0) . $RSAPublicKey;
                    $RSAPublicKey = chr(3) . $this->_encodeLength(strlen($RSAPublicKey)) . $RSAPublicKey;

                    $RSAPublicKey = pack(
                        'Ca*a*',
                        CRYPT_RSA_ASN1_SEQUENCE,
                        $this->_encodeLength(strlen($rsaOID . $RSAPublicKey)),
                        $rsaOID . $RSAPublicKey
                    );

                    $RSAPublicKey = "-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----\r\n" .
                                     chunk_split(base64_encode($RSAPublicKey), 64) .
                                     '-----END PUBLIC KEY-----';
                }

                return $RSAPublicKey;
        }
    }
1156263
def get_public_key(self):
        """"""
        return PublicKey.from_verifying_key(
            self._private_key.get_verifying_key(),
            network=self.network, compressed=self.compressed)
255373
def get_public_key(key_info, ctx):
        
        key = key_info.find(
            'ds:KeyInfo/ds:KeyValue/ds:RSAKeyValue', namespaces=NS_MAP
        )
        if key is not None:
            n = os2ip(b64decode(key.find(
                'ds:Modulus', namespaces=NS_MAP).text))
            e = os2ip(b64decode(key.find(
                'ds:Exponent', namespaces=NS_MAP).text))
            return rsa.RSAPublicNumbers(e, n).public_key(default_backend())
        return super(RSAAlgorithm, RSAAlgorithm).get_public_key(key_info, ctx)
1052025
def public_key(format: :z85)
      case format
      when :z85
        ffi_delegate.public_txt.force_encoding(Encoding::ASCII)
      when :binary
        ffi_delegate.public_key.read_string(32)
      else
        raise ArgumentError, "invalid format: %p" % format
      end
    end
129774
private synchronized PublicKey fetchPublicKey(JsonNode messageJson) {
        URI certUrl = URI.create(messageJson.get(SIGNING_CERT_URL).asText());
        PublicKey publicKey = certificateCache.get(certUrl.toString());
        if (publicKey == null) {
            publicKey = createPublicKey(downloadCertWithRetries(certUrl));
            certificateCache.add(certUrl.toString(), publicKey);
        }
        return publicKey;
    }
360090
def _make_key_from_dsd(self, flow_id, key):
        '''
        
        '''
        # get the dataflow and the DSD ID
        dataflow = self.get('dataflow', flow_id,
                            memcache='dataflow' + flow_id)
        dsd_id = dataflow.msg.dataflow[flow_id].structure.id
        dsd_resp = self.get('datastructure', dsd_id,
                            memcache='datastructure' + dsd_id)
        dsd = dsd_resp.msg.datastructure[dsd_id]
        # Extract dimensions excluding the dimension at observation (time, time-period)
        # as we are only interested in dimensions for columns, not rows.
        dimensions = [d for d in dsd.dimensions.aslist() if d.id not in
                      ['TIME', 'TIME_PERIOD']]
        dim_names = [d.id for d in dimensions]
        # Retrieve any ContentConstraint
        try:
            constraint_l = [c for c in dataflow.constraint.aslist()
                            if c.constraint_attachment.id == flow_id]
            if constraint_l:
                constraint = constraint_l[0]
        except:
            constraint = None
        # Validate the key dict
        # First, check correctness of dimension names
        invalid = [d for d in key.keys()
                   if d not in dim_names]
        if invalid:
            raise ValueError(
                'Invalid dimension name {0}, allowed are: {1}'.format(invalid, dim_names))
        # Check for each dimension name if values are correct and construct
        # string of the form 'value1.value2.value3+value4' etc.
        parts = []
        # Iterate over the dimensions. If the key dict
        # contains a value for the dimension, append it to the 'parts' list. Otherwise
        # append ''. Then join the parts to form the dotted str.
        for d in dimensions:
            try:
                values = key[d.id]
                values_l = values.split('+')
                codelist = d.local_repr.enum
                codes = codelist.keys()
                invalid = [v for v in values_l if v not in codes]
                if invalid:
                    # ToDo: attach codelist to exception.
                    raise ValueError("'{0}' is not in codelist for dimension '{1}: {2}'".
                                     format(invalid, d.id, codes))
                # Check if values are in Contentconstraint if present
                if constraint:
                    try:
                        invalid = [
                            v for v in values_l if (d.id, v) not in constraint]
                        if invalid:
                            raise ValueError("'{0}' out of content_constraint for '{1}'.".
                                             format(invalid, d.id))
                    except NotImplementedError:
                        pass
                part = values
            except KeyError:
                part = ''
            parts.append(part)
        return '.'.join(parts)