We are currently solving the following issue within our repository. Here is the issue text:
--- BEGIN ISSUE ---
Fix python 2->3 problem in verify


--- END ISSUE ---

Below are some code segments, each from a relevant file. One or more of these files may contain bugs.
--- BEGIN FILES ---
Path: `lmfdb/characters/TinyConrey.py`
Content:
```
1 from sage.all import (gcd, Mod, Integer, Integers, Rational, pari, Pari,
2                       DirichletGroup, CyclotomicField, euler_phi, lcm)
3 from sage.misc.cachefunc import cached_method
4 from sage.modular.dirichlet import DirichletCharacter
5 
6 def symbol_numerator(cond, parity):
7     # Reference: Sect. 9.3, Montgomery, Hugh L; Vaughan, Robert C. (2007).
8     # Multiplicative number theory. I. Classical theory. Cambridge Studies in
9     # Advanced Mathematics 97
10     #
11     # Let F = Q(\sqrt(d)) with d a non zero squarefree integer then a real
12     # Dirichlet character \chi(n) can be represented as a Kronecker symbol
13     # (m / n) where { m  = d if # d = 1 mod 4 else m = 4d if d = 2,3 (mod) 4 }
14     # and m is the discriminant of F. The conductor of \chi is |m|.
15     #
16     # symbol_numerator returns the appropriate Kronecker symbol depending on
17     # the conductor of \chi.
18     m = cond
19     if cond % 2 == 1:
20         if cond % 4 == 3:
21             m = -cond
22     elif cond % 8 == 4:
23         # Fixed cond % 16 == 4 and cond % 16 == 12 were switched in the
24         # previous version of the code.
25         #
26         # Let d be a non zero squarefree integer. If d  = 2,3 (mod) 4 and if
27         # cond = 4d = 4 ( 4n + 2) or 4 (4n + 3) = 16 n + 8 or 16n + 12 then we
28         # set m = cond.  On the other hand if d = 1 (mod) 4 and cond = 4d = 4
29         # (4n +1) = 16n + 4 then we set m = -cond.
30         if cond % 16 == 4:
31             m = -cond
32     elif cond % 16 == 8:
33         if parity == 1:
34             m = -cond
35     else:
36         return None
37     return m
38 
39 
40 def kronecker_symbol(m):
41     if m:
42         return r'\(\displaystyle\left(\frac{%s}{\bullet}\right)\)' % (m)
43     else:
44         return None
45 
46 ###############################################################################
47 ## Conrey character with no call to Jonathan's code
48 ## in order to handle big moduli
49 ##
50 
51 def get_sage_genvalues(modulus, order, genvalues, zeta_order):
52         """
53         Helper method for computing correct genvalues when constructing
54         the sage character
55         """
56         phi_mod = euler_phi(modulus)
57         exponent_factor = phi_mod / order
58         genvalues_exponent = [x * exponent_factor for x in genvalues]
59         return [x * zeta_order / phi_mod for x in genvalues_exponent]
60 
61 
62 class PariConreyGroup(object):
63 
64     def __init__(self, modulus):
65         self.modulus = int(modulus)
66         self.G = Pari("znstar({},1)".format(modulus))
67 
68     def gens(self):
69         return Integers(self.modulus).unit_gens()
70 
71     def invariants(self):
72         return pari("znstar({},1).cyc".format(self.modulus))
73 
74 
75 class ConreyCharacter(object):
76     """
77     tiny implementation on Conrey index only
78     """
79 
80     def __init__(self, modulus, number):
81         assert gcd(modulus, number)==1
82         self.modulus = Integer(modulus)
83         self.number = Integer(number)
84         self.G = Pari("znstar({},1)".format(modulus))
85         self.chi_pari = pari("znconreylog(%s,%d)"%(self.G,self.number))
86         self.chi_0 = None
87         self.indlabel = None
88 
89     @property
90     def texname(self):
91         from lmfdb.characters.web_character import WebDirichlet
92         return WebDirichlet.char2tex(self.modulus, self.number)
93 
94     @cached_method
95     def modfactor(self):
96         return self.modulus.factor()
97 
98     @cached_method
99     def conductor(self):
100         B = pari("znconreyconductor(%s,%s,&chi0)"%(self.G, self.chi_pari))
101         if B.type() == 't_INT':
102             # means chi is primitive
103             self.chi_0 = self.chi_pari
104             self.indlabel = self.number
105             return int(B)
106         else:
107             self.chi_0 = pari("chi0")
108             G_0 = Pari("znstar({},1)".format(B))
109             self.indlabel = int(pari("znconreyexp(%s,%s)"%(G_0,self.chi_0)))
110             return int(B[0])
111 
112     def is_primitive(self):
113         return self.conductor() == self.modulus
114 
115     @cached_method
116     def parity(self):
117         number = self.number
118         par = 0
119         for p,e in self.modfactor():
120             if p == 2:
121                 if number % 4 == 3:
122                     par = 1 - par
123             else:
124                 phi2 = (p-1)/Integer(2) * p **(e-1)
125                 if Mod(number, p ** e)**phi2 != 1:
126                     par = 1 - par
127         return par
128 
129     def is_odd(self):
130         return self.parity() == 1
131 
132     def is_even(self):
133         return self.parity() == 0
134 
135     @cached_method
136     def multiplicative_order(self):
137         return Mod(self.number, self.modulus).multiplicative_order()
138 
139     @property
140     def order(self):
141         return self.multiplicative_order()
142 
143     @cached_method
144     def kronecker_symbol(self):
145         c = self.conductor()
146         p = self.parity()
147         return kronecker_symbol(symbol_numerator(c, p))
148 
149     def conreyangle(self,x):
150         return Rational(pari("chareval(%s,znconreylog(%s,%d),%d)"%(self.G,self.G,self.number,x)))
151 
152     def gauss_sum_numerical(self, a):
153         return pari("znchargauss(%s,%s,a=%d)"%(self.G,self.chi_pari,a))
154 
155     def sage_zeta_order(self, order):
156         return 1 if self.modulus <= 2 else lcm(2,order)
157 
158     def sage_character(self, order, genvalues):
159         H = DirichletGroup(self.modulus, base_ring=CyclotomicField(order))
160         M = H._module
161         order_corrected_genvalues = get_sage_genvalues(self.modulus, order, genvalues, H.zeta_order())
162         return DirichletCharacter(H,M(order_corrected_genvalues))
163
```
--- END FILES ---

Please first localize the bug based on the issue statement, and then generate a patch according to the `git diff` format fenced by three backticks.

Here is an example:

```diff
diff --git a/examples/server_async.py b/examples/server_async.py
--- a/examples/server_async.py
+++ b/examples/server_async.py
@@ -313,4 +313,4 @@
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    asyncio.run(run_async_server("."), debug=True)
+    asyncio.run(run_async_server(), debug=True)
diff --git a/examples/server_sync.py b/examples/server_sync.py
--- a/examples/server_sync.py
+++ b/examples/server_sync.py
@@ -313,5 +313,5 @@
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    server = run_sync_server(".")
+    server = run_sync_server()
     server.shutdown()

```

diff --git a/lmfdb/characters/TinyConrey.py b/lmfdb/characters/TinyConrey.py
--- a/lmfdb/characters/TinyConrey.py
+++ b/lmfdb/characters/TinyConrey.py
@@ -158,5 +158,5 @@
     def sage_character(self, order, genvalues):
         H = DirichletGroup(self.modulus, base_ring=CyclotomicField(order))
         M = H._module
-        order_corrected_genvalues = get_sage_genvalues(self.modulus, order, genvalues, H.zeta_order())
+        order_corrected_genvalues = get_sage_genvalues(self.modulus, order, genvalues, self.sage_zeta_order(order))
         return DirichletCharacter(H,M(order_corrected_genvalues))

{"golden_diff": "diff --git a/lmfdb/characters/TinyConrey.py b/lmfdb/characters/TinyConrey.py\n--- a/lmfdb/characters/TinyConrey.py\n+++ b/lmfdb/characters/TinyConrey.py\n@@ -158,5 +158,5 @@\n     def sage_character(self, order, genvalues):\n         H = DirichletGroup(self.modulus, base_ring=CyclotomicField(order))\n         M = H._module\n-        order_corrected_genvalues = get_sage_genvalues(self.modulus, order, genvalues, H.zeta_order())\n+        order_corrected_genvalues = get_sage_genvalues(self.modulus, order, genvalues, self.sage_zeta_order(order))\n         return DirichletCharacter(H,M(order_corrected_genvalues))\n", "issue": "Fix python 2->3 problem in verify\n\n", "before_files": [{"content": "from sage.all import (gcd, Mod, Integer, Integers, Rational, pari, Pari,\n                      DirichletGroup, CyclotomicField, euler_phi, lcm)\nfrom sage.misc.cachefunc import cached_method\nfrom sage.modular.dirichlet import DirichletCharacter\n\ndef symbol_numerator(cond, parity):\n    # Reference: Sect. 9.3, Montgomery, Hugh L; Vaughan, Robert C. (2007).\n    # Multiplicative number theory. I. Classical theory. Cambridge Studies in\n    # Advanced Mathematics 97\n    #\n    # Let F = Q(\\sqrt(d)) with d a non zero squarefree integer then a real\n    # Dirichlet character \\chi(n) can be represented as a Kronecker symbol\n    # (m / n) where { m  = d if # d = 1 mod 4 else m = 4d if d = 2,3 (mod) 4 }\n    # and m is the discriminant of F. The conductor of \\chi is |m|.\n    #\n    # symbol_numerator returns the appropriate Kronecker symbol depending on\n    # the conductor of \\chi.\n    m = cond\n    if cond % 2 == 1:\n        if cond % 4 == 3:\n            m = -cond\n    elif cond % 8 == 4:\n        # Fixed cond % 16 == 4 and cond % 16 == 12 were switched in the\n        # previous version of the code.\n        #\n        # Let d be a non zero squarefree integer. If d  = 2,3 (mod) 4 and if\n        # cond = 4d = 4 ( 4n + 2) or 4 (4n + 3) = 16 n + 8 or 16n + 12 then we\n        # set m = cond.  On the other hand if d = 1 (mod) 4 and cond = 4d = 4\n        # (4n +1) = 16n + 4 then we set m = -cond.\n        if cond % 16 == 4:\n            m = -cond\n    elif cond % 16 == 8:\n        if parity == 1:\n            m = -cond\n    else:\n        return None\n    return m\n\n\ndef kronecker_symbol(m):\n    if m:\n        return r'\\(\\displaystyle\\left(\\frac{%s}{\\bullet}\\right)\\)' % (m)\n    else:\n        return None\n\n###############################################################################\n## Conrey character with no call to Jonathan's code\n## in order to handle big moduli\n##\n\ndef get_sage_genvalues(modulus, order, genvalues, zeta_order):\n        \"\"\"\n        Helper method for computing correct genvalues when constructing\n        the sage character\n        \"\"\"\n        phi_mod = euler_phi(modulus)\n        exponent_factor = phi_mod / order\n        genvalues_exponent = [x * exponent_factor for x in genvalues]\n        return [x * zeta_order / phi_mod for x in genvalues_exponent]\n\n\nclass PariConreyGroup(object):\n\n    def __init__(self, modulus):\n        self.modulus = int(modulus)\n        self.G = Pari(\"znstar({},1)\".format(modulus))\n\n    def gens(self):\n        return Integers(self.modulus).unit_gens()\n\n    def invariants(self):\n        return pari(\"znstar({},1).cyc\".format(self.modulus))\n\n\nclass ConreyCharacter(object):\n    \"\"\"\n    tiny implementation on Conrey index only\n    \"\"\"\n\n    def __init__(self, modulus, number):\n        assert gcd(modulus, number)==1\n        self.modulus = Integer(modulus)\n        self.number = Integer(number)\n        self.G = Pari(\"znstar({},1)\".format(modulus))\n        self.chi_pari = pari(\"znconreylog(%s,%d)\"%(self.G,self.number))\n        self.chi_0 = None\n        self.indlabel = None\n\n    @property\n    def texname(self):\n        from lmfdb.characters.web_character import WebDirichlet\n        return WebDirichlet.char2tex(self.modulus, self.number)\n\n    @cached_method\n    def modfactor(self):\n        return self.modulus.factor()\n\n    @cached_method\n    def conductor(self):\n        B = pari(\"znconreyconductor(%s,%s,&chi0)\"%(self.G, self.chi_pari))\n        if B.type() == 't_INT':\n            # means chi is primitive\n            self.chi_0 = self.chi_pari\n            self.indlabel = self.number\n            return int(B)\n        else:\n            self.chi_0 = pari(\"chi0\")\n            G_0 = Pari(\"znstar({},1)\".format(B))\n            self.indlabel = int(pari(\"znconreyexp(%s,%s)\"%(G_0,self.chi_0)))\n            return int(B[0])\n\n    def is_primitive(self):\n        return self.conductor() == self.modulus\n\n    @cached_method\n    def parity(self):\n        number = self.number\n        par = 0\n        for p,e in self.modfactor():\n            if p == 2:\n                if number % 4 == 3:\n                    par = 1 - par\n            else:\n                phi2 = (p-1)/Integer(2) * p **(e-1)\n                if Mod(number, p ** e)**phi2 != 1:\n                    par = 1 - par\n        return par\n\n    def is_odd(self):\n        return self.parity() == 1\n\n    def is_even(self):\n        return self.parity() == 0\n\n    @cached_method\n    def multiplicative_order(self):\n        return Mod(self.number, self.modulus).multiplicative_order()\n\n    @property\n    def order(self):\n        return self.multiplicative_order()\n\n    @cached_method\n    def kronecker_symbol(self):\n        c = self.conductor()\n        p = self.parity()\n        return kronecker_symbol(symbol_numerator(c, p))\n\n    def conreyangle(self,x):\n        return Rational(pari(\"chareval(%s,znconreylog(%s,%d),%d)\"%(self.G,self.G,self.number,x)))\n\n    def gauss_sum_numerical(self, a):\n        return pari(\"znchargauss(%s,%s,a=%d)\"%(self.G,self.chi_pari,a))\n\n    def sage_zeta_order(self, order):\n        return 1 if self.modulus <= 2 else lcm(2,order)\n\n    def sage_character(self, order, genvalues):\n        H = DirichletGroup(self.modulus, base_ring=CyclotomicField(order))\n        M = H._module\n        order_corrected_genvalues = get_sage_genvalues(self.modulus, order, genvalues, H.zeta_order())\n        return DirichletCharacter(H,M(order_corrected_genvalues))\n", "path": "lmfdb/characters/TinyConrey.py"}], "after_files": [{"content": "from sage.all import (gcd, Mod, Integer, Integers, Rational, pari, Pari,\n                      DirichletGroup, CyclotomicField, euler_phi, lcm)\nfrom sage.misc.cachefunc import cached_method\nfrom sage.modular.dirichlet import DirichletCharacter\n\ndef symbol_numerator(cond, parity):\n    # Reference: Sect. 9.3, Montgomery, Hugh L; Vaughan, Robert C. (2007).\n    # Multiplicative number theory. I. Classical theory. Cambridge Studies in\n    # Advanced Mathematics 97\n    #\n    # Let F = Q(\\sqrt(d)) with d a non zero squarefree integer then a real\n    # Dirichlet character \\chi(n) can be represented as a Kronecker symbol\n    # (m / n) where { m  = d if # d = 1 mod 4 else m = 4d if d = 2,3 (mod) 4 }\n    # and m is the discriminant of F. The conductor of \\chi is |m|.\n    #\n    # symbol_numerator returns the appropriate Kronecker symbol depending on\n    # the conductor of \\chi.\n    m = cond\n    if cond % 2 == 1:\n        if cond % 4 == 3:\n            m = -cond\n    elif cond % 8 == 4:\n        # Fixed cond % 16 == 4 and cond % 16 == 12 were switched in the\n        # previous version of the code.\n        #\n        # Let d be a non zero squarefree integer. If d  = 2,3 (mod) 4 and if\n        # cond = 4d = 4 ( 4n + 2) or 4 (4n + 3) = 16 n + 8 or 16n + 12 then we\n        # set m = cond.  On the other hand if d = 1 (mod) 4 and cond = 4d = 4\n        # (4n +1) = 16n + 4 then we set m = -cond.\n        if cond % 16 == 4:\n            m = -cond\n    elif cond % 16 == 8:\n        if parity == 1:\n            m = -cond\n    else:\n        return None\n    return m\n\n\ndef kronecker_symbol(m):\n    if m:\n        return r'\\(\\displaystyle\\left(\\frac{%s}{\\bullet}\\right)\\)' % (m)\n    else:\n        return None\n\n###############################################################################\n## Conrey character with no call to Jonathan's code\n## in order to handle big moduli\n##\n\ndef get_sage_genvalues(modulus, order, genvalues, zeta_order):\n        \"\"\"\n        Helper method for computing correct genvalues when constructing\n        the sage character\n        \"\"\"\n        phi_mod = euler_phi(modulus)\n        exponent_factor = phi_mod / order\n        genvalues_exponent = [x * exponent_factor for x in genvalues]\n        return [x * zeta_order / phi_mod for x in genvalues_exponent]\n\n\nclass PariConreyGroup(object):\n\n    def __init__(self, modulus):\n        self.modulus = int(modulus)\n        self.G = Pari(\"znstar({},1)\".format(modulus))\n\n    def gens(self):\n        return Integers(self.modulus).unit_gens()\n\n    def invariants(self):\n        return pari(\"znstar({},1).cyc\".format(self.modulus))\n\n\nclass ConreyCharacter(object):\n    \"\"\"\n    tiny implementation on Conrey index only\n    \"\"\"\n\n    def __init__(self, modulus, number):\n        assert gcd(modulus, number)==1\n        self.modulus = Integer(modulus)\n        self.number = Integer(number)\n        self.G = Pari(\"znstar({},1)\".format(modulus))\n        self.chi_pari = pari(\"znconreylog(%s,%d)\"%(self.G,self.number))\n        self.chi_0 = None\n        self.indlabel = None\n\n    @property\n    def texname(self):\n        from lmfdb.characters.web_character import WebDirichlet\n        return WebDirichlet.char2tex(self.modulus, self.number)\n\n    @cached_method\n    def modfactor(self):\n        return self.modulus.factor()\n\n    @cached_method\n    def conductor(self):\n        B = pari(\"znconreyconductor(%s,%s,&chi0)\"%(self.G, self.chi_pari))\n        if B.type() == 't_INT':\n            # means chi is primitive\n            self.chi_0 = self.chi_pari\n            self.indlabel = self.number\n            return int(B)\n        else:\n            self.chi_0 = pari(\"chi0\")\n            G_0 = Pari(\"znstar({},1)\".format(B))\n            self.indlabel = int(pari(\"znconreyexp(%s,%s)\"%(G_0,self.chi_0)))\n            return int(B[0])\n\n    def is_primitive(self):\n        return self.conductor() == self.modulus\n\n    @cached_method\n    def parity(self):\n        number = self.number\n        par = 0\n        for p,e in self.modfactor():\n            if p == 2:\n                if number % 4 == 3:\n                    par = 1 - par\n            else:\n                phi2 = (p-1)/Integer(2) * p **(e-1)\n                if Mod(number, p ** e)**phi2 != 1:\n                    par = 1 - par\n        return par\n\n    def is_odd(self):\n        return self.parity() == 1\n\n    def is_even(self):\n        return self.parity() == 0\n\n    @cached_method\n    def multiplicative_order(self):\n        return Mod(self.number, self.modulus).multiplicative_order()\n\n    @property\n    def order(self):\n        return self.multiplicative_order()\n\n    @cached_method\n    def kronecker_symbol(self):\n        c = self.conductor()\n        p = self.parity()\n        return kronecker_symbol(symbol_numerator(c, p))\n\n    def conreyangle(self,x):\n        return Rational(pari(\"chareval(%s,znconreylog(%s,%d),%d)\"%(self.G,self.G,self.number,x)))\n\n    def gauss_sum_numerical(self, a):\n        return pari(\"znchargauss(%s,%s,a=%d)\"%(self.G,self.chi_pari,a))\n\n    def sage_zeta_order(self, order):\n        return 1 if self.modulus <= 2 else lcm(2,order)\n\n    def sage_character(self, order, genvalues):\n        H = DirichletGroup(self.modulus, base_ring=CyclotomicField(order))\n        M = H._module\n        order_corrected_genvalues = get_sage_genvalues(self.modulus, order, genvalues, self.sage_zeta_order(order))\n        return DirichletCharacter(H,M(order_corrected_genvalues))\n", "path": "lmfdb/characters/TinyConrey.py"}]}