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pubmed-1001 | the emergence of primordial metabolism has been postulated to play a central role in the origins of life. many of the investigations so far have centered on the reductive citric acid cycle. however, in his glyoxylate scenario, eschenmoser theorized that glyoxylate 1 may have played an important role in the devel... | an abiotic formation of meso- and dl-tartrates in 80% yield via the cyanide-catalyzed dimerization of glyoxylate under alkaline conditions is demonstrated. a detailed mechanism for this conversion is proposed, supported by nmr evidence and 13c-labeled reactions. simple dehydration of tartrates to oxaloacetate and ... | PMC3777280 |
pubmed-1002 | prostate cancer is the second most common cancer and second cause of cancer death in chilean men. prostate specific antigen (psa) is the most accurate serum marker for prostate and the only biomarker routinely used for the early detection of prostate cancer. although psa is highly specific for prostate, an elevated lev... | objective. to determine if primary circulating prostate cells (cpcs) are found in all men with prostate cancer. methods and patients. a prospective study, to analyze all men with an elevated psa between 4.0 and 10.0 ng/ml undergoing initial biopsy. primary cpcs were obtained by differential gel centrifugation and det... | PMC4152931 |
pubmed-1003 | aging is a gradual process, proportional to time, that causes structural and functional changes due to internal degeneration. aging can be divided into intrinsic aging, which is natural with the progression of time, and environmental aging caused by the external environment. uv-induced photoaging is usually observed ... | [ purpose] the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of radiofrequency (rf), electroacupuncture (ea), and low-level laser therapy (lllt), which are used in physical therapies, on facial wrinkles and moisture. [subjects and methods] a total of 30 female participants aged 3055 years participated in this... | PMC5332991 |
pubmed-1004 | clinically significant mrsa and mssa isolates, identified during january 2006march 2008, within 3 select communities (sites a site b also included 1 adjoining community, and sites a and b also included additional first nations reserves serviced by the community. a total of 1,280 isolates, obtained from skin and soft t... | surveillance of staphylococcus aureus infections in 3 northern remote communities of saskatchewan was undertaken. rates of methicillin-resistant infections were extremely high (146482/10,000 population), and most (98.2%) were caused by usa400 strains. although usa400 prevalence has diminished in the united states, this... | PMC3377391 |
pubmed-1005 | in the industrialised nations, food allergy is a growing epidemic affecting all age groups and appearing at any time in life. a marked increase in the incidence of food allergy in young children is of particular concern, with a reported 68% of young children and 3-4% of adults having some type of food allergy [13]. com... | food allergy is an emerging epidemic that affects all age groups, with the highest prevalence rates being reported amongst western countries such as the united states (us), united kingdom (uk), and australia. the development of animal models to test various food allergies has been beneficial in allowing more rapid and ... | PMC3649177 |
pubmed-1006 | the first study of this dissertation (chapter 2) concentrated on trauma exposure in childhood. early in life, the hpa-axis is in development and trauma exposure during childhood is thought to have profound effects on hpa-axis regulation. these effects may be evident even throughout adulthood and in the absence of psych... | backgrounddysregulation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (hpa)-axis is thought to underlie stress-related psychiatric disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (ptsd). some studies have reported hpa-axis dysregulation in trauma-exposed (te) adults in the absence of psychiatric morbidity. in this dissertati... | PMC3402002 |
pubmed-1007 | hemopericardium is an effusion of blood into the pericardial sac and it is due to heart disease (heart rupture as a consequence of necrosis or traumas) or to an intrapericardial aortic rupture. in both cases, death may occur as a result of cardiac tamponade due to the accumulation of blood in the pericardium, which lea... | hemopericardium is a common finding at autopsy, but it may represent a challenge for the forensic pathologist when the etiopathological relationship in causing death is requested. hemopericardium and cardiac tamponade can be evaluated in living people using radiological techniques, in particular computer tomography (ct... | PMC4294154 |
pubmed-1008 | during root canal treatment, clinicians face various unwanted procedural mishaps that can occur at any stage of treatment. of all, instrument fracture within the root canal system and more rarely fractured piece protruding beyond the apex are among the most troublesome and frustrating errors. fractured instrument exten... | during endodontic treatment, clinicians may face endodontic procedural mishaps such as broken instruments, which is a complex situation especially when the file breaks beyond the apex. this condition is associated with potential risk of contamination, which compromises the healing process. management of a broken instru... | PMC4749419 |
pubmed-1009 | inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) is a chronic, relapsing, idiopathic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. subtypes of ibd include crohn's disease (cd), ulcerative colitis (uc), and inflammatory bowel disease unclassified (ibd-u). the majority of epidemiological studies on the incidence and prevalence of ibd rel... | increasing rates of inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) are now seen in populations where it was once uncommon. the pattern of ibd in children of middle eastern descent in australia has never been reported. this study aimed to investigate the burden of ibd in children of middle eastern descent at the sydney children's hos... | PMC4060396 |
pubmed-1010 | malaria has been one of the major challenges to global health during the past century. in 1900, 58% of the world's land area more than a million deaths annually have been attributed to malaria throughout the latter half of the 20th century, most in children younger than 5 years, with countries of sub-saharan africa bea... | summaryachievements in malaria control could inform efforts to control the increasing global burden of dengue. better methods for quantifying dengue endemicity equivalent to parasite prevalence surveys and endemicity mapping used for malaria would help target resources, monitor progress, and advocate for investment i... | PMC3574272 |
pubmed-1011 | giant cell pancreatic cancer was first described by sommers and meissner in 1954. in the literature, these rare tumours have been divided into two subtypes: osteoclast-like giant cell and pleomorphic giant cell carcinoma of the pancreas. although a number of reviews have shown possible prognostic differences between th... | introduction. pleomorphic giant cell pancreatic cancer is a very rare and aggressive pancreatic neoplasm. a case of pleomorphic giant cell pancreatic cancer presenting as a cystic lesion and in association with a serous cystadenoma presents a unique case which has not been described before. case presentation. a 44-yea... | PMC3010638 |
pubmed-1012 | local anesthetic agents are chemicals that reversibly block the transmission1 of action potential of nerve membrane. an essential pre-requisite to success in dentistry is to achieve good quality local anesthesia (la). local anesthetic agents are normally associated with absence of pain during surgical intervention in b... | background: local anesthetic agents are more commonly used in dentistry to have painless procedure during surgical intervention in bone and soft tissue. there are many local anesthetic agents available with the wide selection of vaso-constrictive agents that improve the clinical efficacy and the duration of local anest... | PMC4385721 |
pubmed-1013 | peyronie disease (pd) is a connective tissue disorder that is characterized by localized fibrotic plaques in the tunica albuginea, most commonly on the dorsal surface of the penis, that result in penile bending and often pain. as an initial trigger, an inflammatory process and subsequent aberrant wound healing by repet... | purposea nationwide survey was conducted of korean urologists to illustrate physicians ' perceptions and real practical patterns regarding peyronie disease (pd). materials and methodsa specially designed questionnaire exploring practice characteristics and attitudes regarding pd, as well as patient satisfaction with ea... | PMC3897632 |
pubmed-1014 | we report a case of a 67-year-old male who presented with a cecocentral scotoma caused by a septic embolus from subacute bacterial endocarditis (sbe). a 67-year-old man presented with sudden, painless decreased vision in the left eye. a dilated fundoscopic exam, humphrey visual field test, transthoracic echocardiogram,... | introduction: we report a case of a 67-year-old male who presented with a cecocentral scotoma caused by a septic embolus from subacute bacterial endocarditis (sbe). methods: a 67-year-old man presented with sudden, painless decreased vision in the left eye. a dilated fundoscopic exam, humphrey visual field test, transt... | PMC3065569 |
pubmed-1015 | paclobutrazol (chemical structure as in figure 1) was a plant growth regulator registered for the reduction of terminal growth and pruning volume, the inhibition of gibberellins and sterol biosynthesis, and hence the rate of cell division [1, 2]. due to its toxicity, the agreed adi (accepted daily intake) and arfd (acu... | a simple, accurate, and highly sensitive analytical method was developed for determining the paclobutrazol residue in potato and soil, the dynamics dissipation in soil. extraction was carried out by low temperature partitioning and analyzed by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (uhplc-... | PMC4584097 |
pubmed-1016 | currently, endoscopic submucosal dissection (esd) is widely used as an alternative to surgical resection in patients with early-stage gastric cancer or adenoma.1 since esd enables en bloc resection of large lesions, esd results in the creation of larger artificial ulcers. kakushima et al2,3 have reported that gastric u... | objectivesendoscopic submucosal dissection (esd) is useful for treating gastric tumors. several trials have shown the efficacy of 4 or 8 weeks of proton pump inhibitor (ppi) administration for post-esd ulcers. however, if the size of the post-esd ulcer is larger than predicted, ppi administration alone might not be suf... | PMC3742353 |
pubmed-1017 | according to china's ministry of health, china has approximately 4 million cataract victims, with 500,000 new cases being diagnosed each year. as a developing country, especially in rural china, poverty and limited access to health care, due to the uneven distribution of health care sources, can make it very difficult ... | aims. to describe and explore the distribution of ocular biometric parameters of adult cataract patients in rural china. methods. three lifeline express hospital eye-train missions of peking university people's hospital in china were chosen. 3828 adult cataract patients aged 29 to 88 years with axial length (al) less ... | PMC4609820 |
pubmed-1018 | analizie retrospektywnej poddano 206 dzieci (k 113, m 93; rednia wieku 10,6 roku) ze wieym urazem skrtnym stawu skokowego do 7 dni od urazu. wszyscy pacjenci mieli wykonane badania rtg i usg stawu skokowego do 7 dni od urazu. w badaniu rtg nie stwierdzono patologii u 129 pacjentw (63%); u 24 pacjentw (12%) stwierd... | introductionsprained ankle is a very common injury in children. proper treatment of ligament injuries enables full recovery. x-ray and us examinations are commonly available diagnostic methods. material and methodstwo hundred and six children (113 girls and 93 boys, mean age 10.6) with recent ankle joint sprain (up to ... | PMC4657396 |
pubmed-1019 | treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock remains a major challenge in the critically ill, and it is still one of the leading causes of death worldwide. despite increased awareness of the importance of early resuscitation, mortality in north america and europe ranges between 28 and 41%. based on a consensus agreement... | purpose. to investigate whether absolute value of procalcitonin (pct) or the change (delta-pct) is better indicator of infection in intensive care patients. materials and methods. post hoc analysis of a prospective observational study. patients with suspected new-onset infection were included in whom pct, c-reactive p... | PMC5002471 |
pubmed-1020 | short-term atmospheric blocking over greenland contributes to melt episodesassociated temperature anomalies are equally important for the meltduration and strength of blocking events contribute to surface melt intensity short-term atmospheric blocking over greenland contributes to melt episodes associated temperature a... | daily june-july melt fraction variations over the greenland ice sheet (gis) derived from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (modis) (20002013) are associated with atmospheric blocking forming an omega-shape ridge over the gis at 500 hpa height. blocking activity with a range of time scales, from synoptic... | PMC4373136 |
pubmed-1021 | derangements of the condyle-disc complex arise from a breakdown of the normal rotational movement of the disc on the condyle. the thinning of the posterior border of the disc can cause the disc to be displaced in a more posterior position. with the condyle resting on a more posterior portion of the disc or retrodiscal ... | statement of problemqualitative and semi-quantitative methods have been developed for tmj sound classification, but the criteria presented are completely inhomogeneous. thus, to develop more objective criteria for defining tmj sounds, electroacoustical systems have been developed. we used joint vibration analysis in th... | PMC2994670 |
pubmed-1022 | diabetes mellitus is associated with aggressive vascular abnormalities in human subjects, and atherosclerosis is regarded as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. microalbuminuria has a strong prediction of both the development of diabetic nephropathy and subsequent atherosclerotic vascular... | the aim of this study is to evaluate carotid atherosclerosis in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus with microalbuminuria (ma) by high-frequency ultrasonography. two hundred and fifty patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into two groups according to urinary albumin excretion rate (uaer): normoalbuminuria ... | PMC3612477 |
pubmed-1023 | attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd) affects a large number of children. in the united states, rates range from 5% to 6% of school-age children (guevara et al 2002; lesesne et al 2003).the illness is characterized by a triad of symptom clusters which include inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. usual... | attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd) affects a large number of children. for decades, the stimulants have been the mainstay of pharmacological treatment for adhd. dexmethylphenidate (d-mph), the d-isomer of the traditional racemic mixtures of d, l-threo-(r, r)-mph, was recently introduced as another potentia... | PMC2671958 |
pubmed-1024 | fractures among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) have been the focus of an increasing number of studies since 2000.117 such fractures have been documented to occur more frequently than in people not infected by hiv6 and to involve longer healing times and an increased risk of infection.18 the l... | in a retrospective case series study, medical records were evaluated for all male patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) diagnosed over a one-year period with foot fractures (n=30) confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging at a los angeles outpatient private practice rheumatology clinic. proportionally... | PMC3218713 |
pubmed-1025 | it is found in up to 40% of patients at surgery or autopsy.1) the aortic valve and its adjacent ring are more susceptible to abscess formation and paravalvular extension compared to the mitral valve.1) we report a case of staphylococcal endocarditis involving the tricuspid valve complicated by a para-aortic abscess tha... | paravalvular abscess is a serious complication of infective endocarditis. the aortic valve and its adjacent ring are more susceptible to abscess formation and paravalvular extension than the mitral valve. a 15-years old patient with bicuspid aortic valve presented with staphylococcal tricuspid valve endocarditis compli... | PMC3173671 |
pubmed-1026 | peri-implantitis is inflammation of the peri-implant supporting tissue, which can lead to progressive loss of supporting bone, if untreated. a history of periodontitis, poor oral hygiene, and smoking are considered risk factors for peri-implant diseases. it is of paramount importance to treat periodontitis of the resid... | an 810-nm diode laser was used to non-surgically treat a 7-mm pocket around an implant that had five threads of bone loss, bop+, and exudate, and the patient was followed up for 5 years. non-surgical treatment, home care reinforcement, clinical indices records, and radiographic examination were completed in two consecu... | PMC3917217 |
pubmed-1027 | the amyloid- (a) peptide is believed to play a key pathogenic role in alzheimer s disease (ad). in vivo, a is characterized by a distribution of isoforms, mostly varying in length from 38 to 43 residues. the most prominent isoform, a40, typically occurs in a 10:1 ratio to the more amyloidogenic isoform, a42. knowl... | the 99 amino acid c-terminal fragment of amyloid precursor protein (c99), consisting of a single transmembrane (tm) helix, is known to form homodimers. homodimers can be processed by -secretase to produce amyloid- (a) protein, which is implicated in alzheimer s disease (ad). while knowledge of the structure of c9... | PMC4105063 |
pubmed-1028 | bone-density depleting disorders including osteoporosis (ops) and osteopenia (opn) are age-related disorders characterized by low bone mineral density (lbmd) and destruction of bone tissue micro-architecture, resulting in susceptibility to the pathologic fracture (1). osteoporosis and opn are commonly expected in postm... | background: physical activity and mental health could be affected by osteoporosis and various therapeutic options such as calcitonin may influence quality of life (qol) of these patients with low bone density (lbd). objectives: this study aimed to evaluate the effect of nasal calcitonin on qol in post menopause women w... | PMC4584075 |
pubmed-1029 | the objective of root canal treatment is thorough cleaning and shaping of all the pulp spaces to be filled with an inert filling material. a major cause of failure of the root canal treatment is the inability to locate, debride, or adequately fill all canals of the root canal system. a successful root canal treatment d... | the main objective of root canal treatment is thorough cleaning and shaping of the entire pulp space and its complete filling with an inert filling material. a major cause of post-treatment disease is the inability to locate, debride or adequately fill all canals of the root canal system. the form, configuration, and n... | PMC4213875 |
pubmed-1030 | this project was developed for the second semester of a two-semester, two-credit introductory organic chemistry laboratory course sequence for chemistry and related majors; the project was first implemented in spring 2012 and successfully improved for spring 2013. the course is separate from the pre- or co-requisi... | a multi-session research-like module has been developed for use in the undergraduate organic teaching laboratory curriculum. students are tasked with planning and executing the synthesis of a novel fluorous dye molecule and using it to explore a fluorous affinity chromatography separation technique, which is the f... | PMC3908737 |
pubmed-1031 | cardiovascular disease (cvd) is the leading cause of death among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2 dm) even with earlier detection and treatment of t2 dm as has occurred during the past decade. this patient population has a 2- to 3-fold higher risk of cvd relative to their nondiabetic counterparts. yet, the re... | background. type 2 diabetes (t2 dm) patients, including those in good glycemic control, have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (cvd). maintaining good glycemic control may reduce long-term cvd risk. however, other risk factors such as elevated vascular sympathetic tone and/or endothelial dysfunction may be... | PMC4427775 |
pubmed-1032 | a 3-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital with unexplained fever and paroxysmal abdominal pain that had persisted for three days. her body temperature at the time of admission was 39.5. physical examination showed abdominal tension, though there was no obvious tenderness and rebound tenderness. the blood platelets... | we report here a case of pentastomiasis infection in a 3-year-old girl who had high fever, abdominal pain, abdominal tension and anemia. ultrasound scanning of the abdomen revealed disseminated hyperechoic nodules in the liver and a small amount of ascites. abdominal mri showed marked hepatomegaly with disseminated mil... | PMC2893321 |
pubmed-1033 | polymyalgia rheumatica (pmr) and giant cell arteritis (gca) are common inflammatory conditions that almost exclusively affect patients older than 50 years. 1826% of patients with pmr have gca while 2753% of patients with gca have also pmr at the same time. pmr primarily presents with stiffness and pain in the proximal ... | objective. to estimate level of adherence to oral calcium and vitamin d supplementation as well as bisphosphonate amongst patients with pmr and gca treated with glucocorticoids. method. a total of 138 patients with the diagnosis of pmr and/or gca registered in our department in december 2013. in this cross-sectional s... | PMC4603323 |
pubmed-1034 | ceftriaxone sodium is a long acting, broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic for parenteral use. it exerts in vitro activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms. it is highly stable to most beta-lactamases, both penicillinases and cephalosporinases, of gram-positive and gram-negative ... | a simple, selective, and stability indicating spectroscopic method has been selected and validated for the assay of ceftriaxone sodium in the powder for injection dosage forms. proposed method is based on the measurement of absorbance of ceftriaxone sodium in aqueous medium at 241 nm. the method obeys beer's law in th... | PMC4897461 |
pubmed-1035 | cardiovascular disease (cvd) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the united states. it kills one american every 38 seconds and accounts for 1 of every 2.9 deaths, more deaths than any other major cause of death. the 2006 overall death rate due to cvd was 262.5, but the rate increases substantially with age... | modifiable behavioral risk factors are major contributing causes of death, but whether the effects are maintained in older adults is uncertain. we explored the association of smoking, alcohol consumption, caffeine intake, physical activity, and body mass index on cardiovascular disease (cvd) mortality in 13,296 older a... | PMC3025386 |
pubmed-1036 | overwhelming evidence proved that the formation and accumulation of advanced glycation end products (ages) progress in a normal aging process and at an accelerated rate under diabetes [1, 2]; an increase in the steady-state levels of highly reactive dicarbonylic compounds may lead to the formation of ages, while an inc... | endomorphins (ems) have a very important bridge-function in cardiovascular, endocrinological, and neurological systems. this study is to investigate the effects of ems on the synthesis and secretion of vasoactive substances induced by advanced glycation end products in primary cultured human umbilical vein endothel... | PMC3647545 |
pubmed-1037 | while developed countries have seen increasing incidence rates over the past several decades, developing countries have begun to experience the rising trend of cancer incidence and mortality. breast and cervical cancers are the most common cancers in women and lung cancer is the most common cancer in men in developing ... | gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer globally with over 70% of new cases occurring in developing countries. in morocco, oncologists in marrakech suspected higher frequency of gastric cancer compared to casablanca, a city 150 kilometers away. this study calculated age-specific, sex-specific, and total incidenc... | PMC4631898 |
pubmed-1038 | obesity is a leading risk factor for many adverse health outcomes including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, coronary heart disease, and certain types of cancer. the prevalence of adult obesity in the us had doubled from 19761980 to 1999-2000. in 2009 us ranked the highest in adult obesity prevalence among ... | aim. to provide national estimates of obesity among us adults aged 20 years and older in 2011-2012 and track its trends from 1999 to 2012. methods. measured weight/height from national health and nutrition examination survey 19992012 waves was used to calculate body mass index (bmi) and prevalence measures. piecewise ... | PMC3913362 |
pubmed-1039 | it has been a decade since the spotlight on preventable medical errors first brought much needed attention to the culture of safety in health care organizations. a culture of safety has been defined as the shared values and patterns of behavior that determine the degree to which all organizational members direct ... | background. healthcare-associated infections (hais) are an important patient safety issue, and safety climate is an important organizational factor. this study explores perceptions of infection preventionists (ips) and quality directors (qds) regarding two safety microclimates, senior management engagement (sme) and l... | PMC3150187 |
pubmed-1040 | they may present with bilateral aml at an early age in patients who have tuberous sclerosis, vonhippel-lindau syndrome and neurofibromatosis type 1 (phakomatosis). with this in mind, we present a case which was initially diagnosed as a wilms tumor but was finally found to be a renal aml in a child without underlying ph... | renal angiomyolipoma (aml) is not commonly seen in the pediatric age group other than patients of tuberous sclerosis where in they can have renal amls within the first decade with bilateral in involvement. diagnosis of renal aml can generally be made by the current radiological modalities in the appropriate clinical se... | PMC5264199 |
pubmed-1041 | modification of the efficacy of synaptic transmission, or synaptic plasticity, is widely considered as the basis of activity-dependent neuronal development and learning (feldman and brecht, 2005). a well-characterized form of synaptic plasticity is the potentiation and depression of synaptic transmission occurring at m... | a computationally rich algorithm of synaptic plasticity has been proposed based on the experimental observation that the sign and amplitude of the change in synaptic weight is dictated by the temporal order and temporal contiguity between pre- and postsynaptic activities. for more than a decade, this spike-timing-depen... | PMC3059664 |
pubmed-1042 | multiple anatomical defects are believed to contribute to involutional entropion, and numerous surgical techniques have been described to correct them. the three anatomic factors most consistently described in the literature as requiring attention are lower lid retractor disinsertion, horizontal lid laxity, and orbicul... | purpose. to analyze the clinical findings associated with involutional entropion and ectropion and compare them to each other and to age-matched controls. methods. prospective, age-matched cohort study involving 30 lids with involutional entropion, 30 lids with involutional ectropion, and 52 age-matched control lids. ... | PMC3964688 |
pubmed-1043 | autoimmune hepatitis (aih) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by progressive destruction of the hepatic parenchyma. the disease displays female predominance and is considered rare in childhood, although it may occur in very young children. the hallmark of the disease is the presence of circulating autoanti... | pediatric autoimmune hepatitis (aih) patients present hypergammaglobulinemia, periportal cd8+cytotoxic t cell infiltration, and cirrhosis. autoantibody profile defines aih types 1 and 2 in addition to strong association with hla-drb1. we previously detected increased ige serum levels and sought to compare clinical and ... | PMC4674601 |
pubmed-1044 | both asthma and copd are airway diseases characterized by impaired airflow in the respiratory tract, chronic airway inflammation, as well as symptoms such as coughing, dyspnea, and wheezing. intensive studies focused on the pathogenesis of these conditions implicate, among others, the group of phospholipases a2, which ... | the increased morbidity, mortality, and ineffective treatment associated with the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) have generated much research interest. the key role is played by phospholipases from the a2 superfamily: enzymes which are invol... | PMC3780701 |
pubmed-1045 | signal transducing adaptor proteins are a group of intracellular and transmembrane molecules which are crucial supplementary factors of signaling pathways. they mediate interactions between different molecules and contribute to the formation of signaling complexes. adaptor proteins lack enzymatic activity and interacti... | although src-like adaptor proteins (slap-1 and slap-2) were mainly studied in lymphocytes, where they act as negative regulators and provide fine control of receptor signaling, recently, several other functions of these proteins were discovered. in addition to the well-characterized immunoregulatory functions, slap pro... | PMC4539169 |
pubmed-1046 | a 50-year-old female occupational therapist with a history of laparoscopic anterior resection 4 years previously for a t1 n0 m0 recto-sigmoid adenocarcinoma was found to have an elevated serum carcinoembryonic antigen (cea) of 415.0 g/l on surveillance blood testing. a computed tomography (ct) scan demonstrated a large... | the routine use of 18f-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (pet)/computed tomography scans for staging and assessment of treatment response for cancer has resulted in a large number of thyroid abnormalities being detected as incidental findings (incidentalomas). since most pet/ct scans are performed in the ... | PMC4610890 |
pubmed-1047 | myoepithelioma is a benign tumor that can originate from any secretory system throughout the body. in the salivary gland, myoepithelioma is rare, accounting for 1% of all salivary gland tumors. although myoepithelioma of the salivary gland originates most frequently in the parotid gland, myoepithelioma of the accessory... | tumors of the accessory parotid gland (apg) are rare, and pleomorphic adenoma (pa) is the most common benign apg tumor subtype. myoepithelioma of the apg is much rarer than pa, and to date, only 5 cases have been sporadically reported in the english literature. we describe the clinicopathological and mri findings of an... | PMC4049025 |
pubmed-1048 | a total of 2,634 fecal and intestinal samples were collected from pigs exhibiting diarrhea from 569 swine farms in all 9 provinces of south korea, during january 1december 31, 2008; age groups of the pigs are defined in the table. all samples were processed as 10% (vol/vol) suspensions with phosphate-buffered saline (p... | since 1992, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) has been one of the most common porcine diarrhea associated viruses in south korea. we conducted a large-scale investigation of the incidence of pedv in pigs with diarrhea in south korea and consequently identified and characterized a novel pedv variant with a large g... | PMC4257805 |
pubmed-1049 | eye movement assessment potentially provides a valuable window into the human central nervous system function and may help to obtain insights into the structure of complex forms of human behavior including attentional control [1, 2]. furthermore, the study of oculomotor control in pathological conditions offers insigh... | the evolution of the fovea centralis, the most central part of the retina and the area of the highest visual accuracy, requires humans to shift their gaze rapidly (saccades) to bring some object of interest within the visual field onto the fovea. in addition, humans are equipped with the ability to rotate the eye ball ... | PMC4052189 |
pubmed-1050 | juxtafacet cysts (jfcs) are uncommon intraspinal, extradural lesions that arise from the facet joints. jfcs can be further distinguished as either synovial cysts, if histology confirms the presence of a synovial lining membrane, or alternatively as a ganglion cyst, if no such membrane is present. however, few differenc... | study design case report. objective to report the case of one patient who developed a giant, completely calcified, juxtafacet cyst. methods a 57-year-old woman presented with a 2-year history of progressively worsening lower back pain, left leg pain, weakness, and paresthesias. imaging showed a giant, completely ... | PMC4111943 |
pubmed-1051 | hypertrophy of the inferior olivary nucleus (ion) is an interesting phenomenon as it reflects a secondary response to an interruption of afferent connections resulting in increased and abnormally synchronized neuronal activity (best and regehr, 2009; shaikh et al., 2010). herein we report on a patient with hypertrophy ... | interruption of the dentato-olivary projections, interconnecting the dentate nucleus (dn) and the contralateral inferior olivary nucleus (ion), is predicted to interfere with the dn role in estimating direction of gravity. in a patient with pendular nystagmus due to hypertrophy of the ion secondary to predominantly rig... | PMC3350027 |
pubmed-1052 | carbapenem resistant gram-negative bacteria (gnb) such as enterobacteriaceae (cre) (including escherichia coli [crec] and klebsiella pneumoniae [crkp]), pseudomonas aeruginosa (crpa) and acinetobacter baumanni (crab) are important emerging causes of nosocomial blood stream infections and carry significant mortality. u... | background: growing antimicrobial resistance and limited therapeutic options to treat carbapenem-resistant bacteremia prompted us to evaluate the clinical outcomes associated with healthcare-associated bacteremia. methods:this was a retrospective observational study of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteremia perf... | PMC4238093 |
pubmed-1053 | mass amounts of high-throughput sequenced dna are being produced as a result of metagenomics projects, and new tools are needed to identify the taxonomic content of these environmental samples. currently, biologists have two main goals: (1) classify as many organisms as possible, and (2) assess the genes and function... | high-throughput sequencing technologies enable metagenome profiling, simultaneous sequencing of multiple microbial species present within an environmental sample. since metagenomic data includes sequence fragments (reads) from organisms that are absent from any database, new algorithms must be developed for the identif... | PMC3085467 |
pubmed-1054 | an 18-year-old male presented with a complaint of chest discomfort, exertional dyspnea, and an intractable dry cough. chest radiography revealed a mass like lesion in left upper mediastinum and trachea deviated to the right-side. multi detector computed tomography (mdct) revealed a 12 9 15 cm sized heterogenously enh... | an 18-year-old male with huge anterior mediastinum mass was scheduled for thoracotomic incisional biopsy under general anesthesia after failed fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous needle biopsy. under propofol and succinylcholine anesthesia, intubation was successfully achieved using a univent tube. however, when we changed... | PMC2946040 |
pubmed-1055 | endometriosis is one of the most common gynecological diseases and is defined as a benign and proliferative chronic disorder characterized by the ectopic presence and growth of functional endometrial tissue, glands and stroma, outside the uterine cavity.14 endometriosis affects ~10% of women in reproductive age and up ... | endometriosis is one of the most common gynecological diseases and affects ~10% of women in reproductive age. the most common clinical signs of endometriosis are menstrual irregularities, chronic pelvic pain (cpp), dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia and infertility. symptoms of endometriosis often affect psychological and socia... | PMC5440042 |
pubmed-1056 | in 1978 when the nobel prize in physiology and medicine was awarded jointly to a german, werner arber, and the two americans, daniel nathans and hamilton o. smith, " for the discovery of restriction enzymes and their application to problems of molecular genetics, " public health laboratories in europe were essentially ... | using three austrian case studies, the variegated applications of molecular typing in today's public health laboratories are discussed to help illustrate preventive management strategies relying on dna subtyping. dna macrorestriction analysis by pulsed field gel electrophoresis has become the gold standard for subtypin... | PMC3278599 |
pubmed-1057 | cryptorchidism (undescended testis) is the most common congenital malformation in newborn boys, occurring in approximately 3% of full-term infants. in most cases, the undescended testes seen after birth descend normally within a few months, and only 1% of patients with a persisting cryptorchid condition require medical... | purposeit is well known that testicular germ cell tumors arise with increased frequency in patients with cryptorchidism. in addition, intratubular germ cell neoplasia (itgcn) is a precursor lesion to testicular germ cell tumor. approximately 50% of patients with itgcn will develop an invasive of testicular germ cell tu... | PMC4500808 |
pubmed-1058 | copd is a heterogeneous condition, with pathophysiological abnormalities that vary in severity between patients.1 small airway inflammation is a common feature of copd,2 causing a reduction of the cross-sectional area of the small airway lumen. small airway narrowing and collapse can cause gas trapping on expiration an... | we have used impulse oscillometry to identify copd patients with tidal expiratory flow limitation (efl), which is a measurement related to small airway disease. we report that 37.4% of copd patients had efl; these patients had multiple clinical characteristics of more severe disease including lower forced expiratory vo... | PMC5446959 |
pubmed-1059 | immunopathology is associated with the most common life-threatening disorders, including atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and chronic inflammation. a number of diseases, such as lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, or hiv infections, are characterized by pronounced immunopathologies; o... | several highly prevalent human diseases are associated with immunopathology. alterations in the immune system are found in such life-threatening disorders as cancer and atherosclerosis. monocyte activation followed by macrophage polarization is an important step in normal immune response to pathogens and other relevant... | PMC4739459 |
pubmed-1060 | on february 13, 1996, a 7-year-old boy from doihue in administrative region vi was admitted to the hospital clnico fusat of rancagua in the region (figure 1) with a 2-day history of adynamia and dizziness. on admission,, progressive paralysis developed that evolved to respiratory failure; the boy was connected to a mec... | the first human rabies case in chile since 1972 occurred in march 1996 in a patient without history of known exposure. antigenic and genetic characterization of the rabies isolate indicated that its reservoir was the insectivorous bat tadarida brasiliensis. this is the first human rabies case caused by an insectivorous... | PMC2730271 |
pubmed-1061 | hiv replication requires the successful orchestration of reverse transcription, nuclear entry, and integration while avoiding various antiviral factors and innate immune sensors during early steps of infection (malim and bieniasz, 2012). recognition of hiv by innate immune sensors induces the production of type i int... | summaryduring the early phase of replication, hiv reverse transcribes its rna and crosses the nuclear envelope while escaping host antiviral defenses. the host factor cyclophilin a (cypa) is essential for these steps and binds the hiv capsid; however, the mechanism underlying this effect remains elusive. here, we ident... | PMC4850421 |
pubmed-1062 | upon activation by donor alloantigens, recipient naive t cells can differentiate into a variety of graft-destructive, effector t cell or graft-protective, regulatory t cell (treg) phenotypes. these t-cell commitments are determined largely by the texture of the innate immune milieu in which t-cell activation occurs. a ... | certain forms of inflammation of an allograft are highly detrimental to the induction and maintenance of transplant tolerance as they foster stable commitment to graft-destructive, not graft-protective, forms of t-cell immunity. hence, a reduction in adverse tissue inflammation may prove crucial in facilitating the ind... | PMC3026643 |
pubmed-1063 | faithful dna replication is crucial for genomic maintenance. when replication is perturbed, cells activate stress response networks that connect the detection of replication-blocking lesions with dna damage tolerance (ddt) and repair pathways, chromatin modifications, cell-cycle control, and various other changes in ce... | summarychromosomal replication is entwined with dna damage tolerance (ddt) and chromatin structure establishment via elusive mechanisms. here we examined how specific replication conditions affecting replisome architecture and repriming impact on ddt. we show that saccharomyces cerevisiae pol/primase/ctf4 mutants, prof... | PMC4352764 |
pubmed-1064 | vitamin d deficiency, a pandemic health problem, is a major cause of rickets in infants and toddlers and of osteopenia in adolescents [16]. the production of vitamin d in the skin depends on sunshine exposure, latitude, skin-covering clothes, the use of sun block, and skin pigmentation. although the mediterranean regio... | objectives. we aimed to determine the relationship between insulin resistance and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d (25-ohd) levels in obese children and their nonobese peers. materials and methods. included in the study group were 188 obese children (aged 915 years), and 68 age- and gender-matched healthy children of normal... | PMC3623428 |
pubmed-1065 | measurements of nitrogen and sulfur dioxide using passive sampler over 12 months in samsun, turkey, are compared with so2 and no2 concentrations obtained from a co-located chemiluminescence analyzer. the concentrations of sulfur and nitrogen dioxide in the ambient air during the period from november 2009 to september ... | backgroundmeasurements of nitrogen and sulfur dioxide using passive sampler over 12 months in samsun, turkey, are compared with so2 and no2 concentrations obtained from a co-located chemiluminescence analyzer. the concentrations of sulfur and nitrogen dioxide in the ambient air during the period from november 2009 to ... | PMC4132246 |
pubmed-1066 | the human gut harbors trillions of bacteria that contribute to host physiological and immunological functions such as nutrient acquisition, maintenance of the gut immune system, and protection against exogenous pathogens (123). one of the recent notable findings is the contribution of gut microbiota to the development ... | a symbiotic relationship between humans and the microbiota is critical for the maintenance of our health, including development of the immune system, enhancement of the epithelial barrier, and acquisition of nutrients. recent research has shown that the microbiota impacts immune cell development and differentiation. th... | PMC5334119 |
pubmed-1067 | a 39-year-old woman, (gravida 7, para 1, [weight 67 kg, height 152 cm ]) at 38 weeks of gestation, was admitted for an elective cesarean section. she had a history of self-limited palpitation, about 3-5 times per day. this palpitation began approximately 10 years ago and usually stopped within a few seconds, without ot... | the vasovagal response is characterized by an inappropriate combination of bradycardia and paradoxical vasodilation. during a general or neuraxial anesthesia-induced sympathectomy, a sudden vagal activation and/or an acute reduction in sympathetic tone can cause serious vasovagal responses. neuraxial anesthesia for ces... | PMC3558656 |
pubmed-1068 | in 1908, george coats described an ocular entity characterized by unilateral retinal vascular abnormalities and retinal exudation usually in boys. coats disease is associated with excessive production of yellowish intraretinal and subretinal exudates and can cause retinal detachment and severe visual loss. proposed... | backgroundto evaluate the effectiveness of endolaser photocoagulation by a two-port pars plana nonvitrectomy approach for treating coats disease with shallow exudative retinal detachment. methodsthis study included 24 patients (23 boys with an age range of 217 years, and one girl, age 6 years) with stage 3 coats dise... | PMC4483254 |
pubmed-1069 | lasers have been used in laryngeal surgeries since 1972, when strong and jako first reported the use of carbon dioxide laser (co2) in the human larynx.1 despite initial criticism, endoscopic laser treatments have achieved universal acceptance and been successfully used in endolaryngeal microsurgery (ems).2 most of the ... | introduction the diode laser has been frequently used in the management of laryngeal disorders. the portability and functional diversity of this tool make it a reasonable alternative to conventional lasers. however, whether diode laser has been applied in transoral laser microsurgery, the ideal parameters, outcomes, ... | PMC4835333 |
pubmed-1070 | after filling, the absence of infection in the root canal system is a fundamental factor for the prognosis of endodontic treatment. to achieve this goal, the filling material should allow sealing of the root canal at both the tooth apex and the crown. in the constant search for an ideal material, root canal obturation ... | this in vivo study evaluated the sealing ability of a resin-based sealer (ah plus) and a zinc oxide-eugenol sealer (endofill) in dogs ' teeth, exposed to the oral environment for 45 and 90 days. forty eight lower incisors from 8 dogs were endodonticaly treated. a stratified randomization determined the sealer use in ea... | PMC4327170 |
pubmed-1071 | tissue specimens taken from patients during operations or biopsies are usually assessed by the pathologists one or two days after the surgery. however, sometimes pathological results are needed urgently during the operation, while the patient is still on the operation table. in neurosurgical operations the need of a ra... | background: the touch preparation technique is an accurate and rapid method, and when used as intraoperative consultation examination technique it preserves a good amount of tissue for paraffin embedded sections. this study aimed at examining the accuracy of the touch preparation technique by comparing its diagnosis w... | PMC3470068 |
pubmed-1072 | tai chi (tc), also known as tai chi chuan, is a traditional chinese martial art originally created for self-defense, although today it is considered a low-impact aerobic exercise (zhang et al., 2012). its practice consists of fluid, circular, smooth, and slow movements, with the practitioner in a semi-flexed position o... | tai chi is a low-impact and moderate intensity exercise that has shown positive effects in patients with musculoskeletal disorders. recently have been developed clinical studies on the benefits of tai chi techniques combined with hydrotherapy. both types of treatment include physical training of balance, mobility, stre... | PMC4492420 |
pubmed-1073 | acute cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury (ciri), a hotspot for clinical research, is a pathophysiologic phenomenon commonly encountered in the field of emergency medicine, especially during the perioperative periods. the brain can store so little energy reserves that it is highly sensitive to ischemia and hypoxia. st... | phosphocreatine (pcr) is an endogenous compound containing high-energy phosphate bonds. it has been confirmed that pcr is effective in preventing and treating cardiac and renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. in this study, rat cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury models were constructed. apoptotic cells in the cortex reg... | PMC3026975 |
pubmed-1074 | citing statistics from the american cancer society, harold varmus noted that we have made depressingly little progress in combating cancer. while over the past 50 years dramatic strides have been made against cardiovascular and infectious diseases, age-adjusted mortality in patients with cancer has declined only slight... | proteins fold into their functional 3-dimensional structures from a linear amino acid sequence. in vitro this process is spontaneous; while in vivo it is orchestrated by a specialized set of proteins, called chaperones. protein folding is an ongoing cellular process, as cellular proteins constantly undergo synthesis an... | PMC4013342 |
pubmed-1075 | cellulose, a structural carbohydrate of the plant cell wall, is an abundant and ubiquitous polymer. the use of cellulose for the second generation biofuel production involves the hydrolysis of cellulosic biomass, that is, saccharification, to form simple sugar monomers for the fermentation into bioethanol [13]. cellula... | cellulose hydrolyzing bacteria were isolated from rhinoceros dung and tested for clear zone formation around the colonies on the agar plates containing the medium amended with carboxymethylcellulose as a sole carbon source. isolates were further screened on the basis of carboxymethylcellulase production in liquid mediu... | PMC3676922 |
pubmed-1076 | maintenance of motion following arthroplasty can be hindered by the development of heterotopic ossification (ho), whose causes remain uncertain.1,2,3,4,5 whether the formation of ho following cervical disc arthroplasty is of clinical or functional importance is also unknown. the aims of this study are to investigate th... | study design: retrospective cohort study. objective: to analyze the presence and clinical relevance of heterotopic ossification (ho) at 3 years mean follow-up. methods: thirty patients suffering from cervical radiculopathy and/or myelopathy treated with anterior disc replacement (adr) were studied. ho was classified... | PMC3609005 |
pubmed-1077 | maternal diabetes during pregnancy, also called gestational diabetes mellitus (gdm), is an important risk factor for foetal overgrowth, termed macrosomia, which is influenced by maternal hyperglycemia and endocrine status through placental circulation. in humans, macrosomia has generally been defined as a birth weight ... | th (t helper) cells are differentiated into either th1 or th2 phenotype. it is generally considered that th1 phenotype is proinflammatory, whereas th2 phenotype exerts anti-inflammatory or protective effects. gestational diabetes mellitus (gdm) has been associated with a decreased th1 phenotype, whereas macrosomia is m... | PMC4897714 |
pubmed-1078 | both non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments of breast cancer have negative side effects ranging from the kinesiological to psychological domain, depending on the interaction of treatment characteristics with the physio-pathological and psychological conditions of each subject1, 2. upper limb lymphedema i... | [ purpose] the aims of this study were to verify the effects on upper limb circumferences and total body extracellular water of 10 weeks of nordic walking (nw) and walking (w), both alone and combined with a series of exercises created for breast cancer survivors, the isa method. [subjects and methods] twenty breast... | PMC5088125 |
pubmed-1079 | it has been estimated that schwannomas represent only 2-6% of all stromal tumors of the digestive tract. there are many synonyms for neurogenic tumors of the digestive tract, namely schwannoma, neurinoma, neurogenic fibroma, neurofibroma, neurilemoma and plexiform neurofibromatosis. these different names are used with ... | schwannomas are neoplasms originating from schwann cells, which are the cells forming nerve sheaths. these neoplasms generally involve peripheral nerves. they rarely affect the gastrointestinal tract and primary colon involvement is extremely rare. the objective of the present paper was to present a case of primary sch... | PMC2988920 |
pubmed-1080 | in the past, advances in technology have caused a decrease in the time spent on physical activities and an increase in the time spent on sedentary behaviors. for instance, viewing television (tv) and spending time on the computer keep both adults and children sedentary for many hours each day [25]. the etiology of obes... | objective. to explore the associations between sitting time in various domains and mental health for workers and nonworkers and the role of weight status. design. cross-sectional analyses were performed for 1064 respondents (47% men, mean age 59 years) from the doetinchem cohort study 2008-2009. sedentary behavior was... | PMC3228286 |
pubmed-1081 | it is estimated that about 3% of the world's population has been infected with hcv and 170 million are chronic carriers at risk of developing liver cirrhosis and/or liver cancer. male gender is thought to be one of the critical factors in the progression of hcv infection. besides, the development of hepatic fibrosis is... | chronic hepatitis c (chc) course revealed differences between men and women. male gender and postmenopausal women are thought to be of the critical factors affecting hcv infection progression. the study aimed to assess female sex hormones and their relation to disease severity and treatment in hcv infected females. sub... | PMC4590939 |
pubmed-1082 | when fully activated, the more potent part of the host immune mechanism comes into play, especially when the proper immunogen characterizing a specific antigen expressed by the tumor is delivered at a therapeutic level. mounting evidence from both in-vitro and in-vivo studies at precision biologics and other research g... | in a recent issue of nature, an article appeared discussing the issue of sizing up a slow assault on cancer (nature 2013;496:14-15). this article attempted to clarify various approaches that the clinician might employ in bringing cancer under control. it also discussed the role of the immune system with regard to its... | PMC3701812 |
pubmed-1083 | hormones, paracrines, autocrines and other mediators define the permeability of the endothelial barrier, the anti-thrombotic nature of the endothelial cell surface and endothelium-dependent blood pressure regulation (reviewed in current special issue; and in libby 2002; luscher 1990; landmesser and drexler 2007; vierha... | the mechanical characteristics of endothelial cells reveal four distinct compartments, namely glycocalyx, cell cortex, cytoplasm and nucleus. there is accumulating evidence that endothelial nanomechanics of these individual compartments control vascular physiology. depending on protein composition, filament formation a... | PMC3972433 |
pubmed-1084 | the acute phase response represents an evolutionarily conserved mechanism of inflammatory events designed to rapidly react to infections, wounds, and injuries. it can lead to a dramatic increase (up to 1000 fold) in the levels of acute phase proteins (apps) in the circulation and, ultimately, brings about resolution ... | serum amyloid a (saa) acts as a major acute phase protein and represents a sensitive and accurate marker of inflammation. besides its hepatic origin, as the main source of serum saa, this protein is also produced extrahepatically. the mrna levels of saa become significantly elevated following proinflammatory stimuli, a... | PMC3205747 |
pubmed-1085 | the world health organization states that primary school children population is the most vulnerable group to acquire infection diseases such as parasites while their development is related to the environmental contamination as well as to the quality of consumed food. from an epidemiological, socioeconomical, and ecolog... | prevalence of intestinal parasites was investigated in rural primary school children in famaill city, tucumn province, argentina. stool specimens from 149 school children were collected. the prevalence rate of intestinal parasite infections was 86.6%. no significant differences were observed in the distribution by age ... | PMC3658839 |
pubmed-1086 | critical care practice is beginning to look toward more specific cellular, biochemical, and genetic interventions in order to make a significant impact on patient outcomes. in addition to the extensive cellular, biochemical, and genetic body of research in process today, the science of epigenetics has become a more fre... | epigenetics is the study of alterations in the function of genes that do not involve changes in the dna sequence. within the critical care literature, it is a relatively new and exciting avenue of research in describing pathology, clinical course, and developing targeted therapies to improve outcomes. in this paper, we... | PMC3723097 |
pubmed-1087 | high prices allow pharmaceutical companies not only to recoup their development costs but also to turn healthy profits that satisfy their investors and fund research on other drugs in their pipelines. through patents and other market exclusivities, the federal government grants drug makers limited monopolies on their p... | in august 2015, turing pharmaceuticals acquired the marketing rights to daraprim (pyrimethamine), a drug used to treat parasitic infections like malaria and toxoplasmosis. soon after, turing caused an uproar when it announced that it would raise the price per tablet of daraprim from \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usep... | PMC5033427 |
pubmed-1088 | nearly three decades have passed since the first successful clinical lung transplant was performed and has become the preferred treatment option for a variety of end-stage pulmonary parenchymal or pulmonary vascular disorders. due to the shortage of available organs as well as the advancement of disease in most transpl... | background. orthotopic lung transplantation is now widely performed in patients with advanced lung disease. patients with moderate or severe ventricular systolic dysfunction are typically excluded from lung transplantation; however, there is a paucity of data regarding the prognostic significance of abnormal left vent... | PMC3791796 |
pubmed-1089 | diabetes mellitus is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality, accelerating the vascular aging process and in particular the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. diabetic nephropathy is a highly important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, e... | a relatively large body of evidence supports the notion that glomerular capillary wall and mesangial alterations in diabetic nephropathy involve biochemical alterations of glycoproteins in these structures. evidence in experimental animals rendered diabetic reveals that the administration of heparin and other anionic g... | PMC3108767 |
pubmed-1090 | cervical and shoulder dysfunction in office workers is usually due to the work environment, including job and sociopsychological risk factors1. the resulting pain and functional impairment affect the muscles, skeleton, ligaments, cartilage, and nervous system, and result in musculoskeletal dysfunction2. shoulder pai... | [ purpose] to examine the clinical effectiveness of scapular stability exercise on shoulder stability and rehabilitative ultrasound images in office workers. [subjects and methods] thirty-eight subjects were randomly divided into a scapular stability exercise group (n=19) and a manual therapy group (n=19). subjects ... | PMC5140788 |
pubmed-1091 | pre-eclampsia (pe) is a pregnancy associated disorder known by hypertension and proteinuria. the etiology of pe is not fully understood and a great number of mechanisms are proposed as the disease pathophysiology; however, the only definite cure of this syndrome is delivery. it is a general consensus on the role of dis... | background: pre-eclampsia (pe) is a pregnancy associated disorder characterized by hyper-tension and proteinuria. the first 2 stages of pe cause dysfunction in uteroplacental perfusion and oxidative stress while the third stage of pe is due to the release of inflammatory and angiogenic factors, which could lead to mate... | PMC3917129 |
pubmed-1092 | it is estimated that 6~8% of the children, and 4% of the adult have immunoglobulin (ig) e-mediated hypersensitivity to food ag. the prevalence of food allergy has increased rapidly across the world in last few decades. research in the area of food allergy has advanced rapidly in recent years. however, the etiology and ... | there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of allergic diseases especially over the past 2 to 3 decades. however, the etiology and pathogenesis of food allergy are not fully understood. in recent years, with the huge increase in atopic disease, there has also been an increase in dietary hapten exposure. al... | PMC3336897 |
pubmed-1093 | be that as it may, 5% of all cases of syncope are usually of cardiac origins and are thus known as cardiac syncope. pulmonary embolism is a relatively rare cause of cardiac syncope, which may explain why it is frequently ignored.1 the variability of presentation sets the patient and clinician up for potentially missing... | a pulmonary embolus clogs the artery that provides blood supply to a part of the lung. the embolus not only prevents the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide but also decreases blood supply to the lung tissue itself, potentially causing the tissue to die (infarct). a 52-year-old man presented with syncope and anxiety.... | PMC3466862 |
pubmed-1094 | vitamin d is a fat-soluble vitamin with hormonal functions, and concentrations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d (s-25(oh)d) are largely determined by ultraviolet light exposure, dietary intake, and supplementation. however, recent evidence from various research reports has suggested a role in the progression of chronic dis... | aim. to report vitamin d status and its impact on metabolic parameters in people in the united arab emirates with obesity and type 2 diabetes (t2d). methodology. this cross-sectional study included 309 individuals with obesity and t2d who were randomly selected based on study criteria. serum concentrations of 25-hydro... | PMC4211253 |
pubmed-1095 | the core symptoms of adhd are inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. in most descriptions of adhd in the 1980s and the early 1990s, it seemed that hyperactivity had to be present in every case as a striking symptom, but with growing knowledge of adhd it became evident that not all patients-in particular girls-pre... | the persistence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) into adolescence and adulthood has now been accepted as a clinical entity. the rate of prevalence among adults is assumed to be from 2% to 4%. with increasing age, a symptom change has to be considered; disturbance of attention becomes more prominent, w... | PMC3181750 |
pubmed-1096 | esophageal cancer is the 7th most common cancer in iran and it also is among the ten most common cancers in the world. iran is a well-known region with a high prevalence for this cancer, mostly from the north and north east of the country. in the national report of the registered cancer cases in iran in 2007, esophag... | backgroundesophageal cancer is the 7th most common cancer in iran. the northern part of the country shows the highest incidence for this malignancy. in this study we present some epidemiological and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with esophageal carcinoma in this region. methodsin a cross sectional stu... | PMC4551295 |
pubmed-1097 | a small percentage of intracranial meningiomas appear to have a malignant potential [13]. these rare histological subtypes characterized as malignant (grade iii) and atypical (grade ii) exhibit aggressive clinical behavior and are less studied than the classic benign (grade i) tumors [2, 4]. objective of this study was... | aim. to evaluate the frequency of atypical and malignant meningiomas and analyze recurrence rate; to study the morbidity and mortality of these tumors compared to benign meningiomas. methods. during 19922007, 16 patients with malignant and 16 patients with atypical meningioma were operated in neurosurgery department o... | PMC4475582 |
pubmed-1098 | amniotic band syndrome has many synonyms such as, congenital constriction rings, amniotic bands, limb body wall complex, adam complex this syndrome comprises a variety of anatomical abnormalities among newborns, and is associated with intrauterine struggling by the fetus in the uterus, thereby leading to deformations... | amniotic band syndrome is characterized by a build-up of bands and strings of fibrous tissue that adhere to the fetus and can compress parts of the fetus, thus causing malformations and even limb amputation while the fetus is still in the uterus. the clinical manifestations are extremely variable and their extent may r... | PMC3352605 |
pubmed-1099 | amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/parkinsonism-dementia complex (als/pdc) is a rare disorder endemic to guam island and the kii peninsula of japan. it shows a unique combination of parkinsonism, amyotrophy, and dementia, and the form of dementia, which shows a phenotype similar to alzheimer's disease (ad), is becoming pred... | objective. amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/parkinsonism-dementia complex is classified as one of the tauopathies. methods. the total tau, phosphorylated tau, and amyloid 42 levels were assayed in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with kii amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/parkinsonism-dementia complex (n=12), alzheimer's di... | PMC4437332 |
pubmed-1100 | sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy known as rosai-dorfman disease (rdd) was first described in 1965 and identified as a distinct clinicopathologic entity in 196915). rdd is a rare histiocytic proliferative disorder of unknown etiology usually characterized by painless bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy3).... | sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy known as rosai-dorfman disease is characterized by painless bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy. extranodal manifestations are uncommon and spinal involvement is rare. a 15-year-old man presented with intermittent midthoracic back pain only. he had no specific findings on... | PMC4206961 |
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